best available technologies for manure treatment - Baltic Green Belt

Best Available Technologies for manure treatment baltic sea 2020
Best Available Technologies for manure treatment baltic sea 2020
ANNEX E: TABLES WITH SHORT DESPRIPTION OF LIVESTOCK MANURE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
Best Available Techniques for manure treatment - for intensive rearing of pigs in Baltic Sea Region EU Member States Technical Report "Best Practice Manure Handling, Phase 2"
Ref No. 41A Composting of liquid livestock manure
Brief description Description of the effect on leaching (positive or negative) of N and P
On some installations for the intensive rearing of pigs, aerobic treatment is used to reduce odour
emissions from pig slurry and, in some cases, to reduce its N content. Liquid manure is composted by
means of aeration (liquid composting) or by mixing it with an adequate amount of litter. The mixture
can then be composted in a stack or drum. In aeration, aerobic treatment is used to improve the
properties of liquid manure without drying and solidifying the manure. Manure contains large
quantities of nutrients for plants and micro-organisms, as well as microbes that are capable of
utilising these nutrients. The air conducted into liquid manure starts aerobic decomposition, which
produces heat, and as a result of the aeration bacteria and fungi which use oxygen in their
metabolism multiply. The main products from the activity of micro-organisms are carbon dioxide,
water and heat.
Designs are site-specific and take into account loading rate and the time treated slurry needs to be
stored before being applied to land. Such systems may include the use of mechanical separators.
(France, particularly Brittany, has some treatment plants for reducing N and P, while many countries
have a few examples of aerobic treatment for reducing odour e.g. Germany, Italy, Portugal and the
UK). Aeration is also applied to prepare slurry for it to be used to flush gutters, tubes or canals under
slatted floors.
See the description for composting.
It is a risk for any of the aeration technologies, especially for
nitrification-denitrification, that there are formed laughing gas,
N
2
O, in connection with the aeration and the conversion of N that
is accelerated due to that.
The long lifetime (150 years) of laughing gas, N
2
O, in the
atmosphere contributes to its large radiative-forcing potential,
which is 310 times that of carbon dioxide (CO
2
).
Innovation stage
Investment price,
Basic Variable
Operational
costs,
per tonnes
per kg saved N or
P leaching
Complexity of implementation
Research
Pilot
Practice
For a composting plant that treats 2,000 tonnes
manure with 1,360 tonnes sawdust and producing
1,800 tonnes compost:
For a turned windrow system, an appropriate
tractor and turner could easily cost 35,000
to 40,000.
If buildings are constructed for all four
activities (mixing, composting, curing and
storage), total construction costs could be
82,000 to 100,000 for an operation of this
size.
No data
Around 20 as
an average,
depending on the
efficiency.
Major references Condition for leaching reduction effect Certainty of information
The question
cannot be answered
because there is a
negative effect on
the leaching.
Composting can be organised on
every farm, however, there exists
more advanced and industrial
composting technologies, which
probably have a large economy of
scale.
Ministry of Agriculture,
Food and Fisheries.
1996
Barrington et al., 2002
Composting has no leaching reduction effect – on
the contrary, the process itself is often reason for
leaching.
Prices Low
Effect on leaching High
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