PBS 140 Child Care Center Design Guide - The Whole Building ...
PBS 140 Child Care Center Design Guide - The Whole Building ...
PBS 140 Child Care Center Design Guide - The Whole Building ...
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3.3.2 Young Toddlers:<br />
<strong>The</strong> toddler classroom hums with activity as toddlers quickly move through<br />
their space, involved in all the activities available to them. This environment<br />
needs to be stimulating, offering the child a safe, yet warm and nurturing<br />
place to spend the day. Often, this group includes 2 teachers and 10 to 12<br />
younger toddlers or up to 14 older toddlers.<br />
At the beginning of the day, toddlers arrive at the classroom with their parents<br />
who may assist them with removing their outdoor clothing and storing items<br />
in their cubbies. Young toddlers will usually have diaper bags to store in<br />
their cubbies and supplies to be placed at the diapering area. <strong>The</strong> older<br />
toddlers may bring lunches or toys from home, perhaps carrying them in<br />
satchels or backpacks which can also be used to carry such things as<br />
papers and art work home at the end of the day. Satchels and backpacks<br />
may be stored in the cubbies or within the classroom on hooks provided.<br />
Toddlers are in the process of gaining independence, advancing in their<br />
feeding, toileting, and dressing skills. Furnishings and equipment need to<br />
be scaled for this age group to encourage growth toward independence.<br />
Older toddlers may nap only once a day on cots or mats which are stored<br />
while not in use, while younger toddlers may nap more often and need a<br />
crib in a quiet area. Most care functions take place in the classroom with<br />
the teacher’s assistance.<br />
Toddlers gather at child-scaled tables for snacks and lunch time. <strong>The</strong>y can<br />
feed themselves with some assistance from their teachers. Toddlers are<br />
beginning toilet training and require a child-scaled toilet area in their<br />
classroom. Young toddlers still need diapering areas as well as child sized<br />
toilet facilities.<br />
3.3.3 Older Toddlers:<br />
Toddlers are busy experiencing their environment, developing essential<br />
motor skills as they take part in active play. <strong>The</strong>y are mastering walking,<br />
and are beginning to develop running, jumping, and climbing skills. Toddler<br />
rooms need to provide stimulating opportunities for active crawling, pushing<br />
wheeled toys, climbing in and out of play components, cruising, (movement<br />
through space to view and select from a variety of activities), as well as<br />
beginning to walk, and climbing up and down stairs. Toddlers tend to move<br />
about very quickly, often in groups rather than individually, and the design<br />
must allow for this group action. Features such as wide access to lofts and<br />
generous, clear pathways (no sharp corners) should be provided.<br />
<strong>PBS</strong>-<strong>140</strong> - July 2003<br />
CHAPTER 3: ADULTS AND CHILDREN IN THE CENTER<br />
This age group is involved in other developmental activities as well, such<br />
as beginning block play and social play and space must be provided for<br />
these activities. <strong>The</strong> development of language skills is assisted through<br />
the use of simple books, pictures, puzzles, and music.<br />
Toddlers thrive on exploration and creativity; enjoying fantasy activities,<br />
playing with props, and making choices. Manipulative toys and materials<br />
should be located on low, open shelving where the toddler can see and<br />
easily reach them.<br />
Teachers in this classroom assist and interact with the toddler, encouraging<br />
the development of greater independence. Though space should be<br />
generally scaled to child size, the classroom design must also permit teacher<br />
access to all spaces. To enhance the functioning of the center, experience<br />
has shown that a diaper changing table should be provided in older toddler<br />
classrooms, even though older toddlers are typically toilet trained. This<br />
addition will help teachers.<br />
While toddlers are beginning to develop, they need easy visual access to<br />
their teachers for security and comfort. A functional and nurturing feature<br />
which is highly recommended is a simple series of three to four low risers<br />
which several toddlers at a time can occupy. This arrangement also provides<br />
excellent seating for adults while they interact with several children —<br />
reading them a story, for example. This need not be a built in feature.<br />
Toddlers, accompanied by their teachers, will spend time in their outdoor<br />
play yard, apart but not visually or acoustically separated from older<br />
children’s play yards. <strong>The</strong> outdoor space offers many opportunities for<br />
activities such as cruising, climbing, and manipulative play involving<br />
materials such as sand and water. This group may take part in activities in<br />
a multiple-purpose area as well.<br />
Toddlers, with their teachers, may go outside the building on excursions,<br />
allowing for more exploration and interaction. Younger toddlers may need<br />
to be transported in multi-passenger strollers. Older toddlers may walk<br />
hand-in-hand with their teachers.<br />
3.3.4 Pre-School <strong>Child</strong>ren:<br />
Pre-school children are expanding their vocabulary, and are developing<br />
language, small and large muscle coordination, and complex cognitive/<br />
social skills. This group may consist of as many as 18 to 20 pre-school<br />
children (with 2 teachers) busily pursuing all the recommended activities<br />
3-5