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330 THIS DIFFICULT INDIVIDUAL the most primitive conditions of this Bedlam. As for Mr. Hillyer's charge that Pound hated and betrayed America, no other expatriate has shown the love for his native land that he has displayed throughout his life. Henry James and T. S. Eliot became British citizens, but Pound risked a death penalty to retain his American citizenship. Frequently, when I suggested that Pound might like to leave St. Elizabeths, I would encounter the most annoying and incredibly naive arguments. "But he's very comfortable there, and well taken care of," someone would say. "Why does he want to get out?" I believe that I would go mad if I had to spend a night in the room that was Ezra's home for so many years. It was really a large closet, a narrow cell furnished with a very narrow cot, taking up two-thirds of the floor space. The rest of the room was filled by a small bureau and a little table, which served as his desk. The room was illuminated by a high, narrow window, of leaded glass, with a heavy metal screen locked over it. This was a considerable improvement over the open-air death cage at Pisa, and it was somewhat quieter than Howard Hall, but that was the most that could be said for it. Dr. Overholser maintained that Pound enjoyed "special privileges" while he was imprisoned at St. Elizabeths. Drew Pearson, in his column of December 28, 1958, which appeared in the Washington Post and Times-Herald, quotes a letter from Overholser to Pound's lawyer, Julian Cornell: "It remains a fact that Mr. Pound is under indictment for the most serious crime in the calendar and that he has at the present time far more privileges than any other prisoner in the hospital. In spite of his being a well-known author, I question whether I should put myself in the position of giving unusual privileges to him over and above those which he already enjoys." Although I was visiting Pound every day, I had no idea that he enjoyed any extra privileges, and since Dr. Overholser does not enumerate them, I have no idea what they were. The initial restrictions at Howard Hall, where his visitors were limited to fifteen minutes' talk with him in the presence of a guard, were more severe than those at Chestnut Ward. Other prisoners were allowed to sit on the lawn without hindrance, but to ensure that Pound
EZRA POUND 331 would not escape, his wife was bonded for his safety. If he had left the grounds, she would have been arrested. It was this fact alone that prevented me and some other hotheads from bundling Pound into a car and taking him out of the hospital in 1950. Other patients were given daily passes into the city when they were adjudged to be in Pound's "quiet" condition. I wrote to Overholser's superior, Mrs. Oveta Culp Hobby, who was at that time Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare, requesting that Ezra be allowed to attend the Sunday evening concerts at the National Gallery of Art. This reached her during the hectic period of the Salk vaccine imbroglio, when a number of children died from spoiled vaccine, shortly before her resignation. She did not reply, and I addressed a similar request to Dr. Overholser. He answered with a polite "No", explaining that the hospital had no personnel who could guard Pound during such an excursion. Since his wife was responsible for his custody, this struck me as an obvious evasion. To add insult to injury, he noted that Luther Evans still hoped that Pound would make some recordings for the Library of Congress! The only "privilege" that Ezra may have enjoyed was the absence of hospital censorship of his letters. These were taken along by Dorothy Pound each afternoon. However, this custom was practiced by many visitors, and it could hardly be termed a special privilege that she was not stopped and searched when she left the hospital. The reason for hospital censorship of letters written by mental patients is a curious one. It is done to prevent the sane public from being victimized by such letters. It is an interesting observation on contemporary American life that a sales letter, request for charity, or some similar scheme sent out by a mental patient draws, on an average, a higher percentage of paying returns than sales letters sent out by supposedly sane organizations. Jealous businessmen have imposed a rigorous censorship on madmen, but even so, these ingenious fellows smuggle out their appeals and cause a great deal of confusion. Housewives, grammar school students, and university professors will put ten dollars in an envelope and write, "Please send me at once your exciting offer!" Soon after meeting Pound, I had begun to investigate the possi-
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330 THIS DIFFICULT INDIVIDUAL<br />
the most primitive conditions of this Bedlam. As for Mr. Hillyer's<br />
charge that Pound hated and betrayed America, no other expatriate<br />
has shown the love for his native land that he has displayed<br />
throughout his life. Henry James and T. S. Eliot became<br />
British citizens, but Pound risked a death penalty to retain his<br />
American citizenship.<br />
Frequently, when I suggested that Pound might like to leave<br />
St. Elizabeths, I would encounter the most annoying and incredibly<br />
naive arguments. "But he's very comfortable there, and well taken<br />
care of," someone would say. "Why does he want to get out?" I<br />
believe that I would go mad if I had to spend a night in the room<br />
that was Ezra's home for so many years. It was really a large<br />
closet, a narrow cell furnished with a very narrow cot, taking<br />
up two-thirds of the floor space. The rest of the room was filled by<br />
a small bureau and a little table, which served as his desk. The<br />
room was illuminated by a high, narrow window, of leaded<br />
glass, with a heavy metal screen locked over it. This was a considerable<br />
improvement over the open-air death cage at Pisa, and<br />
it was somewhat quieter than Howard Hall, but that was the most<br />
that could be said for it.<br />
Dr. Overholser maintained that Pound enjoyed "special privileges"<br />
while he was imprisoned at St. Elizabeths. Drew Pearson, in<br />
his column of December 28, 1958, which appeared in the Washington<br />
Post and Times-Herald, quotes a letter from Overholser<br />
to Pound's lawyer, Julian Cornell:<br />
"It remains a fact that Mr. Pound is under indictment for the<br />
most serious crime in the calendar and that he has at the present<br />
time far more privileges than any other prisoner in the hospital. In<br />
spite of his being a well-known author, I question whether I should<br />
put myself in the position of giving unusual privileges to him over<br />
and above those which he already enjoys."<br />
Although I was visiting Pound every day, I had no idea that he<br />
enjoyed any extra privileges, and since Dr. Overholser does not<br />
enumerate them, I have no idea what they were. The initial restrictions<br />
at Howard Hall, where his visitors were limited to fifteen<br />
minutes' talk with him in the presence of a guard, were more<br />
severe than those at Chestnut Ward. Other prisoners were allowed<br />
to sit on the lawn without hindrance, but to ensure that Pound