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262 THIS DIFFICULT INDIVIDUAL tremes, and it is my opinion that he falls in between these two extremes. "Q. Does he have a split personality? "A. No. "Q. Just what is it that makes you place him in that category? "A. He does not have the clear, well-defined, systematized delusions of the paranoiac type; neither does he have the disassociation, the personal hallucinations or delusions, the disordered delusions that go with the dementia praecox, paranoid type, and the other extreme, but he does have a rather diffuse paranoid reaction which falls somewhere between those two fields, and that is the reason I would not classify him as a dementia praecox patient, or a case of true paranoia. "Q. What is his qualification, or what is his I.Q.? "A. Very high . . . There has been no impairment of the intelligence over the years. That again is a characteristic of the disorder we are describing. Paranoids are very apt to develop, whereas the schizophrenia is more likely to occur in individuals with low I.Q." Dr. King's statement that "There has been no impairment of the intelligence over the years" might seem to conflict with Dr. Muncie's previous statement a few moments earlier that "there has been for a number of years a deterioration of the mental processes." The attorneys did not notice the discrepancy. Dr. Winfred Overholser's testimony: ". . . He has a very high degree of intelligence . . . he speaks in bunches of ideas. "Q. Would you state by referring to them what the records show as to his present state of mental health? "A. It is a rather bulky record, as you see. "Q. Can you summarize it? "A. Essentially it is that there has been very little change in his condition since he came in [to St. Elizabeths Hospital]. A summary of the case from the time he came in is pretty much in line with what I said this morning, and the whole staff has seen him. There has been some discussion about him which has not

EZRA POUND 263 been formal; in fact, there has been no formal diagnosis they have made as yet. "Q. No formal diagnosis? "A. No." If a formal diagnosis were ever made, neither I nor any of Pound's acquaintances ever heard of it. In 1948, when I specifically asked the nurse who saw his records at the hospital about the diagnosis, she could not recall if there had been one. Dr. Overholser also was asked about the Pisa episode: "Q. When they said he was not psychotic, that means he was not insane? [referring to his examination by psychiatrists while incarcerated in Pisa]. "A. That he was not suffering from a major mental disease. That was their impression. How long they saw him, I don't know, or what their experience was. "Q. Would you say that the incident known now as the Pisa incident was the result of one of those blow-ups? "A. Yes. Apparently he had been held incommunicado in an uncovered garage of some kind out in the yard, and had apparently developed a neurotic state out of that." After this expert, if somewhat conflicting and inconclusive, testimony by the psychiatrists, the jury returned a verdict of "unsound mind", and Pound was committed to St. Elizabeths Hospital. The jury consisted of Benjamin Abramson; William T. Berry; Thomas H. Broadus; Ethel M. Christie; Carroll K. Jenkins, Sr.; Raymond M. Lawrenson; Frank A. Marceron; Edward T. Martowicz; Edward A. Mohler; Leonard W. Morris; Jesse W. Missear, and George E. Polen, presumably all from the District of Columbia, or its environs. Since Pound did not testify, it is doubtful that they could venture any further opinions on the matter if questioned today. Shortly after presiding over the hearing at which the charge of treason was dismissed more than twelve years later, Judge Bolitha J. Laws passed away.

262 THIS DIFFICULT INDIVIDUAL<br />

tremes, and it is my opinion that he falls in between these two<br />

extremes.<br />

"Q. Does he have a split personality?<br />

"A. No.<br />

"Q. Just what is it that makes you place him in that category?<br />

"A. He does not have the clear, well-defined, systematized<br />

delusions of the paranoiac type; neither does he have the disassociation,<br />

the personal hallucinations or delusions, the disordered<br />

delusions that go with the dementia praecox, paranoid type, and<br />

the other extreme, but he does have a rather diffuse paranoid reaction<br />

which falls somewhere between those two fields, and that<br />

is the reason I would not classify him as a dementia praecox<br />

patient, or a case of true paranoia.<br />

"Q. What is his qualification, or what is his I.Q.?<br />

"A. Very high . . . There has been no impairment of the<br />

intelligence over the years. That again is a characteristic of the<br />

disorder we are describing. Paranoids are very apt to develop,<br />

whereas the schizophrenia is more likely to occur in individuals<br />

with low I.Q."<br />

Dr. King's statement that "There has been no impairment of<br />

the intelligence over the years" might seem to conflict with Dr.<br />

Muncie's previous statement a few moments earlier that "there has<br />

been for a number of years a deterioration of the mental processes."<br />

The attorneys did not notice the discrepancy.<br />

Dr. Winfred Overholser's testimony:<br />

". . . He has a very high degree of intelligence . . . he speaks<br />

in bunches of ideas.<br />

"Q. Would you state by referring to them what the records<br />

show as to his present state of mental health?<br />

"A. It is a rather bulky record, as you see.<br />

"Q. Can you summarize it?<br />

"A. Essentially it is that there has been very little change in<br />

his condition since he came in [to St. Elizabeths Hospital]. A<br />

summary of the case from the time he came in is pretty much in<br />

line with what I said this morning, and the whole staff has seen<br />

him. There has been some discussion about him which has not

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