Thiam Ismael

Thiam Ismael
London 2-3-2012

Burden of NCDs
Controlling NCDs in West Africa through
Agriculture:
◦ Constraints
◦ opportunities
◦ Challenges

The Burden of NCDs

70
% of total NCDs deaths U 60
60
50
40
30
20
Male
Female
10
0
WA Countries

Metabolic risk Facrtors
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Raised Chol F
Raised Chol M
Obesity F
Obesity M
Over weight F
Over weight M
R. B Glucose F
R. B Glucose M
R. Blood Pressure F
R. Blood Pressure M

Research on the global economic effects of
non-communicable diseases suggests that
NCDs will affect in developing world:
◦ labour supply, capital accumulation (GDP)
◦ Households incomes

Controlling NCD through Agriculture
◦ Constrains

POLICY: Framework for Integrated NCD Prevention and Control
Comprehensive,
multisectoral,
integrated
approaches and
strategies
Promote Health
Intersectoral action on the
social determinants of health
Prevent NCD
Population-based interventions
Public Health
Integrated action on risk
factors & conditionsbehavioural,
biological,
environmental
and occupational
Individual-based interventions
Health Care
Detect and manage
NCD
Evidence-based
chronic disease
management
Strategic areas of
NCD prevention
and control
― Strengthen NCD infrastructure and leadership ― Multisectoral Policy Infrastructure
― Strengthen NCD surveillance system ― promote healthy lifestyle and
― Advocacy for policy change
reduce risk factors
― Foster Partnerships
― Detection early, treatment and care
― Human resource and technical capacity ― Monitoring and evaluation
Implementation Policies Plans of Action Programmes
Outcomes
Healthier
populations
Reduced
inequities
Enhanced
Quality of life
Decreased
burden
of disease
Sustainable
Health
systems

Sustainable increases in agricultural growth and
food security improvements has been slow
progress:
◦ Regional policy harmonization and
implementation by national governments
◦ Agriculture and has often been lacking
• regional trade and national implementation of the
regimes

Ouagadougou declaration on PHC
Essential NCD (WHO-PEN) interventions to integrate
cost-effective interventions for the prevention and
control of major NCDs into primary care level.
Minimum set of essential interventions addressing
the four major NCDs (CVD, cancer, diabetes and
chronic respiratory diseases) at PHC level.
Protocols have been prepared taking into
consideration the limitations in low resource
settings.

Vertical Health sector oriented interventions
Food and Nutrition in Agriculture policies and
program are focused on
◦ Improving food availability not dietary diversity
◦ Improving under nutrition (nutrition security)
◦ Stakeholders and pathways of the agriculture
sector not involved in policy formulation and
program design
◦ Unmet Needs for research (resources/capacities)

Coordination/Harmonization
◦ Regional Trade
◦ QOC
◦ Legislation
◦ Marketing
◦ Value chain
Collaboration: researchers, regional
Institutions (ECOWAS, CILSS, UEMOA...) with
mission in agriculture and food producers,
Private sector

Women up to 80% of the agricultural labor and
produce 45 to 90% of domestically consumed food
in the household in SSA
Promote gender equality and empower women
◦ Empowers the rural poor and especially women.
◦ Discrimination: culture, Law (Access t lands,
finances, technology, education, production
factors…)
Risk factors among women high

Controlling NCD through Agriculture
◦ Opportunities
• Regional Agriculture Program
• Regional Initiatives
• SUN
• Feed The Future

ECOWAP/CAADP’s three regional priorities, called
“Mobilizing Programs” are: 1) Promoting strategic
products for food sovereignty; 2) Promoting a
policy environment conducive for regional
agricultural development; and 3) Reducing food
insecurity and promoting sustainable access to
food.

Willingness to integrate Nutrition in Pillar III
Willingness to Integrate Nutrition in CIP (Dakar
meeting 2011)
NCDs not addressed in agriculture policies
SUN multisectoral approach for undernutrition
Feed The Future Project

Develop a Database of available food composition from the
African biodiversity
Develop an Advocacy strategy at national and regional levels
Sensitize the decision makers to support small farmers and/
FP and consumers
Capacity building of ROPPA local Networks
The Abuja Action Plan integrate NCDs and
the biodiversity

Opportunities (4)AFROFOODS Platform
• Research Institutions
• Key research addressing
the role of local foods for
the control NCDs
• Saint Louis Initiative
(NCDs in Health)
possibility with Dpt of
Agriculture

Control of NCDs: Challenges

POLICY
◦ Policy formulation: for the prevention of NCDs
through agriculture
◦ Engaging civil society and community
◦ Strengthening local governments
◦ Promote Public Private Partnerships

Program and Research
• Resources mobilization
◦ Develop Advocacy strategy for raising awareness for policy
change
◦ Resources Allocation (R&D)
• Technical assistance/Capacity building
◦ Identify needs for providing TA to countries (data collection &,
analysis, dissemination, decision making )
◦ Assess the causes (risk factors +++) and consequences of
NCDs
◦ Strengthen research on the cost-effectiveness of interventions
to address chronic non communicable through agriculture vs
health?
◦ Improve capacities of Labs and researchers
◦ Supporting Local farmers networks: Trade/Market facilities

FAO
Bioversity Intl.
ECOWAS Commission
ECOWAS parliament
WAMU
NEPAD/AU
CILSS
ROPPA
NGOs
Research Institutions
IFPRI
UN Agencies (Ecowas Nutrition Forum, Cape Verde2006)

Local cereals products can be found at the
supermarket

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION
MERCI BEAUCOUP
O’BRIGADO