A source-book of ancient history - The Search For Mecca

A source-book of ancient history - The Search For Mecca A source-book of ancient history - The Search For Mecca

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552 The Northern Barbarians Food and drink. lb. 22. Tac. Germ. Intemperance. 23- Public shows; gambling. lb. 24. not reckon them as a favor, nor feel under any obligation in accepting them. Immediately they rise from sleep, which they frequently prolong into the day, they take a bath, usually of warm water, as is natural where winter takes the lion's share of the year. After the bath they take a meal. They have separate seats and each his own table. Then they proceed to business and often to feasts in full armor. No one is ashamed to drink from dawn to dawn. As is natural among drunkards, quarrels are frequent, and their brawls are rarely settled without wounds and bloodshed. But they also frequently consult at their feasts about the reconciliations of feuds, the forming of family connections, and the adoption of chiefs, and also upon peace and war. At no other time, they feel, is the heart so open to frank thoughts or so well warmed to great ones. Being as a race without much cunning or experience, they still open the secrets of their hearts in the freedom of jest. Thus the mind of each is laid bare. On the morrow they discuss the question again, thus preserving the advantages of either state. They debate, while incapable of deceit, and decide when they cannot be misled. Their drink is a liquid made from barley or wheat fermented into a faint resemblance of wine. Their food is simple, wild fruits, fresh game, or curdled milk. They simply satisfy their hunger without any refinement or preparation. In drinking they are less temperate. If you pander to their intemperance by supplying as much as they want, their vices will conquer them as effectively as any troops. They have but one kind of public show; in every gathering it is just the same. Naked youths who profess this sport, fling themselves in dance among swords and levelled

Slavery 553 lances. Practice has perfected their skill and skill their grace; yet they do it not to make money or a living. Daring as the game is, its sole reward is the spectator's pleasure. GambHng with dice, it is strange to find, they reckon as a serious occupation. They play while sober, and show such recklessness in winning and losing that when all else fails, on the last throw of all they stake their liberty and person. The loser goes into voluntary slavery. Though he may be the younger and stronger, he suffers himself to be bound and sold. This shows their wrongheaded obstinacy; they call it themselves a sense of honor. Slaves thus obtained they usually sell in the market, to rid themselves of the shame of such a victory. Their ordinary slaves are not employed, as ours are, Slaves, on distinct duties in the establishment. Each has his /j. 25. own hearth and home. The master fixes a certain measure of grain or number of cattle to be paid as a sort of rent; this forms the only obligation. All the household obligations are performed by the master's wife and children. Slaves are very rarely beaten or condemned to imprisonment or taskwork. They are sometimes killed by their masters, not, however, as a severe act of discipline, but simply in a fit of passion, just ^s one might kill a private enemy, except that it is legal to kill a slave. The position of freedmen is not much higher than that of slaves. In the household they rarely have any influence, in the state never, except in those tribes which are ruled by kings. There they rise even above the free-born and above the nobles. In the other tribes the inferiority of freedmen is a proof of freedom. The lending of money and its multiplication by interest Economy, is unknown to them. Ignorance proves a better preven- Tac. Germ. tive than prohibition. The fields are held by village-

552 <strong>The</strong> Northern Barbarians<br />

Food and<br />

drink.<br />

lb. 22.<br />

Tac. Germ.<br />

Intemperance.<br />

23-<br />

Public<br />

shows;<br />

gambling.<br />

lb. 24.<br />

not reckon them as a favor, nor feel under any obligation<br />

in accepting them.<br />

Immediately they rise from sleep, which they frequently<br />

prolong into the day, they take a bath, usually <strong>of</strong> warm<br />

water, as is natural where winter takes the lion's share<br />

<strong>of</strong> the year. After the bath they take a meal. <strong>The</strong>y have<br />

separate seats and each his own table. <strong>The</strong>n they proceed<br />

to business and <strong>of</strong>ten to feasts in full armor. No one is<br />

ashamed to drink from dawn to dawn. As is natural<br />

among drunkards, quarrels are frequent, and their brawls<br />

are rarely settled without wounds and bloodshed. But<br />

they also frequently consult at their feasts about the reconciliations<br />

<strong>of</strong> feuds, the forming <strong>of</strong> family connections,<br />

and the adoption <strong>of</strong> chiefs, and also upon peace and war.<br />

At no other time, they feel, is the heart so open to frank<br />

thoughts or so well warmed to great ones. Being as a<br />

race without much cunning or experience, they still open<br />

the secrets <strong>of</strong> their hearts in the freedom <strong>of</strong> jest. Thus the<br />

mind <strong>of</strong> each is laid bare. On the morrow they discuss<br />

the question again, thus preserving the advantages <strong>of</strong><br />

either state. <strong>The</strong>y debate, while incapable <strong>of</strong> deceit, and<br />

decide when they cannot be misled.<br />

<strong>The</strong>ir drink is a liquid made from barley or wheat fermented<br />

into a faint resemblance <strong>of</strong> wine. <strong>The</strong>ir food is<br />

simple, wild fruits, fresh game, or curdled milk. <strong>The</strong>y<br />

simply satisfy their hunger without any refinement or<br />

preparation. In drinking they are less temperate. If<br />

you pander to their intemperance by supplying as much<br />

as they want, their vices will conquer them as effectively<br />

as any troops.<br />

<strong>The</strong>y have but one kind <strong>of</strong> public show; in every gathering<br />

it is just the same. Naked youths who pr<strong>of</strong>ess this<br />

sport, fling themselves in dance among swords and levelled

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