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396 The End of Greek Freedom STUDIES 1. What was the cause of the depopulation of Greece? What was done with children whom the father refused to bring up? What did Polybius consider the remedy for the evil? 2. What comment does he make on the fall of Greece? Whom does he consider responsible? How did his duty as historian differ from his duty as statesman? What in his opinion is one of the vices of history? 3. What were the character and policy of Critolaus? Were the Greeks or the Romans chiefly responsible for the Achasan War? Give your reasons. 4. Describe the decisive battle. How did the Romans treat the vanquished? What was done to Corinth?
CHAPTER XXXV GROWTH OF PLUTOCRACY; PROGRESS IN CIVILIZATION I. Government The Roman government has three factors, each of them The three possessing sovereign power; and their respective shares of is,ctors or "estates" power in the whole state have been regulated with such °rjJm^elt°7" scrupulous regard to equality and balance that no one can p^j^j^j^^ ^j say for certain, not even a native, whether the constitution n. as a whole is an aristocracy or democracy or despotism. And no wonder: for if we confine our observation to the ^^l^cimt World, power of the consuls, we should be mclmed to regard it as 401-3. despotic; if to that of the senate, as aristocratic; and if finally one looks at the power possessed by the people, it would seem a clear case of democracy. What the exact powers of these several parts were, and still with slight modifications are, I will now state. Before leading out the legions, the consuls remain at I- The con- 1 • • • All ^^^* Rome and are supreme masters of the admmistration. All 1 M / f ii 1 L_ \ Polybms other magistrates except the tribunes (of the plebsj are ^2. vi. under them and take their orders. They introduce foreign ambassadors to the senate, bring before it matters requiring deliberation, and see to the execution of its decrees. If again there are any matters of state which require ratification by the people, it is their business to attend to these affairs, to summon the popular meetings, to bring the proposals before the assembly, and to carry out the decrees of the majority. 397
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^ THE O \W LIBRARIES q / ^'^J- or
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THE MACMILLAN COMPANY Wfl iV YORK
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v AUG 2 6 1943 Copyright, 1912, Ev
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vi Preface "History of Classical Gr
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Introduction CONTENTS BOOK I THE OR
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A Source-Book of Ancient History BO
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Bibliography 3 who gradually added
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. CHAPTER II EGYPT I. The Nile The
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The Greatest Pyramid 7 This causewa
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The Earliest Extant Treaty 9 childr
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Rameses II ii like my Majesty. . .
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The Nile a Deity 13 Strong is Amon,
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Tombs; Precepts 15 Come and prosper
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Precepts 17 refrains," says the aud
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Precepts 19 all day long has not on
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An Epitaph 21 His justifi- • , ,
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Miseries of Labor 23 I have not see
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Miseries of Labor 25 heavy bond com
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i CHAPTER III THE TIGRIS-EUPHRATES
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The Oldest Extant Code 29 summits r
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Assyria 31 If a man hire a field la
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Babylon 3^ strongly overlaid its ga
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The Great Flood 35 partments; its f
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The Great Flood 37 but found no foo
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Astronomy; Magic 39 II. The man who
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Babylonian Marriage 41 had made an
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mation. Sea-Purple and Tin 43 The s
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Colonization and Commerce 45 loaded
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The Gift of the Alphabet 47 Dan als
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: The Ten Commandments 49 Thou shal
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Solomon's Temple 51 round about, ag
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Solomon's Temple 53 the other cheru
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CHAPTER V THE MEDIAN AND PERSIAN EM
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Darius 57 Darius the King says, "Al
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Persian Religion 59 destroy it, him
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Opinion of Other Nations 6i the mou
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The Dead 63 hands in it, nor allow
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Mithra; Healing 65 ears well-shapen
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Sources for the earlier periods. A
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Sophocles. lb. 214. Euripides. lb.
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: The orators: Demosthenes, 384- 32
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Nepos, about 99-24 B.C. Pompeius, T
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76 Introduction to the Sources Just
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78 The Cretan and Mycenaean Civiliz
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8o The Cretan and Mycenaean Civiliz
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82 The Epic or Homeric Age expoundi
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84 The Epic or Homeric Age Vintage.
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86 The Epic or Homeric Age The chie
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Aphrodite. Diodorus v. 73-5- A ncie
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Odysseus prepares to speak with the
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92 Myth and Religion So spake I, an
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: The Treasure-Houses. Strabo ix. 3
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96 Myth and Religion autumnal conve
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98 The City-State and Its Developme
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loo The City-State and Its Developm
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IG2 The City-State and Its Developm
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I04 Economy and Colonization sowing
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io6 Economy and Colonization A less
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io8 Economy and Colonization Govern
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no Economy and Colonization small f
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112 Sparta and the Peloponnesian Le
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ii6 Sparta and the Peloponnesian Le
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ii8 Sparta and the Peloponnesian Le
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— — It is only from such docume
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124 Athens had proved incapable in
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126 Athens Oppression of the poor.
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Method of filling the archonship. l
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I30 Athens Justification of his pol
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132 Athens The people deprived of t
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134 Athens His death; his children.
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— 136 Ath ens struction of innoce
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138 Athens with a few persons secre
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I40 Athens 2. What were the chief f
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— The fight is for home and count
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144 The Poets and the Philosophers
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! 146 The Poets and the Philosopher
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148 The Poets and the Philosophers
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— 150 The Poets and the Philosoph
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Aristagoras determines to revolt, 4
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154 The Ionic Revolt And when he ca
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The princess Gorgo lays down the mo
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The capture of Sardis. lb. loo. The
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i6o The Ionic Revolt The fate of we
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Darius plans to subdue Hellas. Hero
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164 The War Between Greece and Pers
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1 66 The War Between Greece and Per
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i68 The War Between Greece and Pers
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— lyo The War Between Greece and
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— 172 The War Between Greece and
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174 The War Between Greece and Pers
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176 The Delian Confederacy II. The
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178 The Delian Confederacy Imperial
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; CHAPTER XVIII THE AGE OF PERICLES
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l82 The Age of Pericles On ostracis
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1 84 The Age of Pericles On this Th
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i86 The Age of Pericles The money f
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i88 The Age of Pericles Pheidiasand
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On the national games; A ncient Wor
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Their father CEdipub had been king,
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— 194 The Age of Pericles ApoUo.
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196 The Age of Pericles Hierocles,
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' The authorities want an alliance
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200 The Age of Pericles Wasps, 549
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202 The Age of Pericles And cosily
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— 204 The Age of Pericles wealth
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^" 206 The Age of Pericles \ X. Cha
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^ 208 The Age of Pericles •J^a{ L
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2IO The Age of Pericles seem to be
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212 The Peloponnesian War time the
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The Athenians had condemned all to
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2i6 The Peloponnesian War however t
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CHAPTER XX FROM THE SICILIAN EXPEDI
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2 20 Sicilian Expedition to End of
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222 Sicilian Expedition to End of W
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Character. Plut., Ale. 2. Musical e
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242 Sicily: the Tyrant and the Libe
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244 Sicily : the Tyrant and the Lib
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246 Sicily : the Tyrant and the Lib
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248 The Supremacy of Sparta The pat
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250 The Supremacy of Sparta midst o
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252 The Supremacy of Sparta more th
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Unable to march farther. They reach
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256 The Supremacy of Sparta III. Th
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CHAPTER XXIII THEBES ATTEMPTS TO GA
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26o Thebes Attempts to Gain Suprema
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262 Thebes Attempts to Gain Suprema
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i Results of the battle. Ancient Wo
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^ !ii'l n ' \ The Greeks are respon
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268 Rise of Macedon another is dest
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270 Rise of Macedon Hellenic league
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272 Rise of Macedon A ncient World,
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274 Rise of Macedon Alleged speech
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The reasons for his success. Plutar
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278 Alexander's Empire I abundance
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28o Alexander's Empire renown of Pe
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282 Alexander's Empire STUDIES 1. W
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284 Greek Life and Thought She is r
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286 Greek Life and Thought "And wha
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288 Greek Life and Thought have it
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290 Greek Life and Thought first ar
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292 Greek Life and Thought Old age
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The Greek attitude toward moneymaki
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296 Greek Life and Thought STUDIES
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298 The Hellenistic Age , freedom,
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300 The Hellenistic Age The offer r
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302 The Hellenistic Age A slight la
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304 The Hellenistic Age Advantages
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3o6 The Hellenistic Age Sema, an en
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3o8 The Hellenistic Age A stadium i
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Milligan, p. gf. i68 B.C. In Egypt
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— BOOK III Rome CHAPTER XXVII] A.
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The Ao-e of Cicero 315 arose till t
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— The Augustan Age 317 Tiberius,
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Tacitus and Juvenal 319 the period
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— Second and Third Centuries A.D.
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Fourth and Fifth Centuries A.D. 323
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Authors and Documents 325 Aurelius
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Northern Italy 327 To the south of
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Central and Southern Italy 329 They
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The City of Rome 331 wines. . . . F
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Studies 333 3. How does Latium comp
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Patricians, Plebeians and Clients 3
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Institutions of Romulus 337 Roman c
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peace with Rome. Guilds and Priests
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Religious Festivals 341 the shade m
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The Census Classes 343 class. The s
Page 361 and 362: A Great Temple 345 IV. The Temple o
Page 363 and 364: Studies 347 2. What religious insti
Page 365 and 366: Early Republican Institutions 349 s
Page 367 and 368: Early Roman Laws 351 that after bot
Page 369 and 370: The Tribal Assembly 353 as a slave
Page 371 and 372: ' Consular Tribunes; Censors 355 be
Page 373 and 374: The Licinian Laws 357 and then publ
Page 375 and 376: Hortensian Law 359 vote or followin
Page 377 and 378: CHAPTER XXXI THE EARLY REPUBLIC: (I
Page 379 and 380: The Gauls at Rome 363 The Romans ma
Page 381 and 382: Greek Invasion of Italy 365 mass of
Page 383 and 384: Pyrrhus Defeats the Romans 367 (Whe
Page 385 and 386: Italy for the Italians 369 could no
Page 387 and 388: . ROMAN ORGANIZATION; CHAPTER XXXII
Page 389 and 390: Organization of Latium 373 was rest
Page 391 and 392: The Army; Coinage 375 they were una
Page 393 and 394: Early Roman Art 377 we see an Atala
Page 395 and 396: CHAPTER XXXIII THE FIRST AND SECOND
Page 397 and 398: Hamilcar 381 plied with a harbor, c
Page 399 and 400: — Hannibal 383 III. The Battle of
Page 401 and 402: The Battle of Lake Trasimene 385 co
Page 403 and 404: The Character of Hannibal 387 skill
Page 405 and 406: CHAPTER XXXIV THE END OF GREEK FREE
Page 407 and 408: The Historian's Duty 391 courage, b
Page 409 and 410: Roman Envoys Insulted 393 and Gauis
Page 411: Destruction of Corinth 395 and fain
Page 415 and 416: . The Senate and the People 399 the
Page 417 and 418: Governmental Balances; Religion 401
Page 419 and 420: ' Funeral Customs 403 the others wh
Page 421 and 422: Agriculture 405 it To obtain wealth
Page 423 and 424: Supervision of the Farm 407 way his
Page 425 and 426: Hostility to Advanced Studies 409 I
Page 427 and 428: — — Character and Habits of Cat
Page 429 and 430: Cato's Proverbs 413 He said, too, "
Page 431 and 432: Cato as Censor 415 ought to contrib
Page 433 and 434: CHAPTER XXXVI THE REVOLUTION: (I) F
Page 435 and 436: The Agrarian Law 419 by forbidding
Page 437 and 438: Deposition of a Tribune 421 to him
Page 439 and 440: Gaius Gracchus as Administrator 423
Page 441 and 442: Proposal to Extend the Citizenship
Page 443 and 444: Marius and Sulla 427 This war, dive
Page 445 and 446: Sulla's Proscriptions 429 him and e
Page 447 and 448: Dictatorship of Sulla 431 avoid bei
Page 449 and 450: CHAPTER XXXVII THE REVOLUTION: (II)
Page 451 and 452: Spartacus 435 as soldier with the R
Page 453 and 454: a War with the Pirates 437 on his f
Page 455 and 456: Cicero Denounces Catiline 439 All t
Page 457 and 458: Cicero against Catiline 441 behavio
Page 459 and 460: Cassar 443 1 upon Caesar violently
Page 461 and 462: Gallic Society 445 heritance or abo
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July. Dictatorship of Cssar 447 Man
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— Caesar's Death; Character 449 i
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Supervision of Streets 451 urban qu
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Municipal Census 453 ever wishes sh
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Octavius 455 Octavius was the son o
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— Propertius ; Lucretius 457 fume
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Origin of Religion 459 limited, abl
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— A Refuge from Care 461 Ke grins
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Review 463 9. Who was Catullus (cf.
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Personal Character; Government 465
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Oath of Lo3'alty 467 the progress o
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' Ludi Ssculares 469 the quirites i
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— The Secular Hymn 471 Now, even
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The Campus Martius 473 hindrance, a
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Tiberius 475 VIII. The Character an
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Moderation and Generosity 477 to my
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Review 479 STUDIES 1. Describe the
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On Granting the Citizenship 481 the
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Palace; Administration 483 building
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. Vespasian; the Jews 485 which had
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Few Survivors 487 dence and learnin
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Fleeing from Rain 489 jured me to m
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• Provincial Administration 491 1
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A Quickly Made Croesus 493 Serapa,
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Social Life 495 is a difficult matt
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.Correspondence 497 1 Herraocrates
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The Unpleasantness of Rome 499 in t
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Studies 501 3. From these letters a
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" Provision against Fires 503 have
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Endowment for Poor Children 505 com
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Hadrian's Travels 507 and no empero
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Hadrian's Laws 509 rejected, and no
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— The Harmony of all Things 511 w
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Death and Immortality 513 when they
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; God Sees and Protects 515 Him and
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A Burial Society- Si? that whoever
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Correspondence 519 Serenus the son
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CHAPTER XLI EARLY HISTORY OF CHRIST
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Beginning of Persecutions 523 thus
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Harsher Persecutions 525 evident th
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CHAPTER XLII THE ABSOLUTE MONARCHY
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Reorganization of the Empire 529 qu
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1 Edict of Prices 531 becomes impos
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Constantine 533 institutions of the
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Toleration; Uniformity 535 about th
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CHAPTER XLIII SOME ASPECTS OF THE D
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Oppression 539 Drietor; hence it se
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Depopulation; Incipient Feudalism 5
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Moral Depravity 543 their evil pass
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Warfare; Government 545 which they
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Justice; ''Companionship" 547 king,
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Peace 549 the year's yield than to
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Family and Kin 551 hair: they are o
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Slavery 553 lances. Practice has pe
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The Huns 555 wander about roaming o
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Review 557 without any provocation,
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The Sack of Rome 559 but scourged a
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— Advice to a Monk 561 If on your
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Rule of St. Benedict 563 such a way
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Oft-Wedded 565 and have renounced t
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Angels; Miracles 567 law: and from
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Heresies; Education 569 be cancelle
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Teaching 571 things earthly unto Th
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Review 573 Q. What view of miracles
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Future Life 575 a crowd of the form
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Charles the Great 577 III. Charlema
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His Activity; Personal Appearance 5
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His Education 581 the Roman fashion
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Crowned Emperor 583 the intention o
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INDEX Achaean, league, 297-301; war
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Index 587 Delos, 212; confederacy o
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Index 589 Heraclea, battle of, 367
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Index 591 Parilia, 334 Paterculus,
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Index 593 Sparta, rise of, 1 11-21;
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JOLUMBIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES 03150
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