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i Results of the battle. Ancient World, 266 f. 264 Thebes Attempts to Gain Supremacy ous hoplites slay, not an inch forward did they advance from the ground on which the collision took place. Although the cavalry had fled before them, there was no pursuit; not a man, horseman or hoplite, did the conquering cavalry cut down; but like men who have suffered a defeat, as if panic-stricken they slipped back through the ranks of the fleeing foemen. Only the footmen fighting amongst the cavalry and the light infantry, who had together shared the victory of the cavalry, found their way round to the left wing as masters of the field, but it cost them dear; here they encountered the Athenians, and most of them were cut down. The effective result of these achievements was the very opposite of that which the world at large anticipated. Here, where well-nigh the whole of Hellas was met together in one field, and the combatants stood rank against rank confronted, there was no one who doubted that, in the event of battle, the conquerors this day would rule; and that those who lost would be their subjects. But God so ordered it that both belligerents alike set up trophies as claiming victory, and neither interfered with the other in the act. Both parties alike gave back their enemy's dead under a truce, and in right of victory; both alike, in symbol of defeat, under a truce took back their dead. And though both claimed to have won the day, neither could show that thereby he had gained any accession of territory, or state, or empire, or was better situated than before the battle. Uncertainty and confusion, indeed, had gained ground, being tenfold greater throughout the length and breath of Hellas after the battle than before.
Review 265 STUDIES 1. Describe the education of Epaminondas in music and philosophy. When Nepos speaks of "our habits," to whom does he refer? Who was he, and when did he Uve? How did Epaminondas prepare himself for miUtaryhfe? Describe his character. How did he justify his violation of law? Was he right or wrong? 2. How may we account for the enthusiasm of his troops on the eve of battle? What preparations did they make for battle? How did he deceive the enemy? Describe his tactics in the battle. In what respects were his arrangements superior to those of the enemy? What was the effect of his death? What were the effects of this battle on Hellas? With what feeling for the future does Xenophon close this narrative?
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^ THE O \W LIBRARIES q / ^'^J- or
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THE MACMILLAN COMPANY Wfl iV YORK
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v AUG 2 6 1943 Copyright, 1912, Ev
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vi Preface "History of Classical Gr
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Introduction CONTENTS BOOK I THE OR
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A Source-Book of Ancient History BO
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Bibliography 3 who gradually added
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. CHAPTER II EGYPT I. The Nile The
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The Greatest Pyramid 7 This causewa
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The Earliest Extant Treaty 9 childr
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Rameses II ii like my Majesty. . .
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The Nile a Deity 13 Strong is Amon,
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Tombs; Precepts 15 Come and prosper
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Precepts 17 refrains," says the aud
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Precepts 19 all day long has not on
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An Epitaph 21 His justifi- • , ,
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Miseries of Labor 23 I have not see
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Miseries of Labor 25 heavy bond com
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i CHAPTER III THE TIGRIS-EUPHRATES
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The Oldest Extant Code 29 summits r
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Assyria 31 If a man hire a field la
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Babylon 3^ strongly overlaid its ga
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The Great Flood 35 partments; its f
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The Great Flood 37 but found no foo
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Astronomy; Magic 39 II. The man who
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Babylonian Marriage 41 had made an
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mation. Sea-Purple and Tin 43 The s
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Colonization and Commerce 45 loaded
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The Gift of the Alphabet 47 Dan als
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: The Ten Commandments 49 Thou shal
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Solomon's Temple 51 round about, ag
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Solomon's Temple 53 the other cheru
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CHAPTER V THE MEDIAN AND PERSIAN EM
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Darius 57 Darius the King says, "Al
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Persian Religion 59 destroy it, him
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Opinion of Other Nations 6i the mou
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The Dead 63 hands in it, nor allow
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Mithra; Healing 65 ears well-shapen
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Sources for the earlier periods. A
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Sophocles. lb. 214. Euripides. lb.
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: The orators: Demosthenes, 384- 32
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Nepos, about 99-24 B.C. Pompeius, T
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76 Introduction to the Sources Just
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78 The Cretan and Mycenaean Civiliz
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8o The Cretan and Mycenaean Civiliz
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82 The Epic or Homeric Age expoundi
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84 The Epic or Homeric Age Vintage.
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86 The Epic or Homeric Age The chie
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Aphrodite. Diodorus v. 73-5- A ncie
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Odysseus prepares to speak with the
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92 Myth and Religion So spake I, an
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: The Treasure-Houses. Strabo ix. 3
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96 Myth and Religion autumnal conve
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98 The City-State and Its Developme
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loo The City-State and Its Developm
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IG2 The City-State and Its Developm
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I04 Economy and Colonization sowing
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io6 Economy and Colonization A less
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io8 Economy and Colonization Govern
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no Economy and Colonization small f
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112 Sparta and the Peloponnesian Le
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ii6 Sparta and the Peloponnesian Le
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ii8 Sparta and the Peloponnesian Le
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— — It is only from such docume
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124 Athens had proved incapable in
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126 Athens Oppression of the poor.
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Method of filling the archonship. l
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I30 Athens Justification of his pol
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132 Athens The people deprived of t
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134 Athens His death; his children.
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— 136 Ath ens struction of innoce
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138 Athens with a few persons secre
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I40 Athens 2. What were the chief f
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— The fight is for home and count
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144 The Poets and the Philosophers
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! 146 The Poets and the Philosopher
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148 The Poets and the Philosophers
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— 150 The Poets and the Philosoph
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Aristagoras determines to revolt, 4
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154 The Ionic Revolt And when he ca
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The princess Gorgo lays down the mo
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The capture of Sardis. lb. loo. The
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i6o The Ionic Revolt The fate of we
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Darius plans to subdue Hellas. Hero
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164 The War Between Greece and Pers
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1 66 The War Between Greece and Per
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i68 The War Between Greece and Pers
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— lyo The War Between Greece and
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— 172 The War Between Greece and
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174 The War Between Greece and Pers
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176 The Delian Confederacy II. The
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178 The Delian Confederacy Imperial
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; CHAPTER XVIII THE AGE OF PERICLES
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l82 The Age of Pericles On ostracis
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1 84 The Age of Pericles On this Th
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i86 The Age of Pericles The money f
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i88 The Age of Pericles Pheidiasand
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On the national games; A ncient Wor
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Their father CEdipub had been king,
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— 194 The Age of Pericles ApoUo.
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196 The Age of Pericles Hierocles,
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' The authorities want an alliance
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200 The Age of Pericles Wasps, 549
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202 The Age of Pericles And cosily
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— 204 The Age of Pericles wealth
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^" 206 The Age of Pericles \ X. Cha
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^ 208 The Age of Pericles •J^a{ L
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2IO The Age of Pericles seem to be
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212 The Peloponnesian War time the
Page 230 and 231: The Athenians had condemned all to
Page 232 and 233: 2i6 The Peloponnesian War however t
Page 234 and 235: CHAPTER XX FROM THE SICILIAN EXPEDI
Page 236 and 237: 2 20 Sicilian Expedition to End of
Page 238 and 239: 222 Sicilian Expedition to End of W
Page 240 and 241: Character. Plut., Ale. 2. Musical e
Page 258 and 259: 242 Sicily: the Tyrant and the Libe
Page 260 and 261: 244 Sicily : the Tyrant and the Lib
Page 262 and 263: 246 Sicily : the Tyrant and the Lib
Page 264 and 265: 248 The Supremacy of Sparta The pat
Page 266 and 267: 250 The Supremacy of Sparta midst o
Page 268 and 269: 252 The Supremacy of Sparta more th
Page 270 and 271: Unable to march farther. They reach
Page 272 and 273: 256 The Supremacy of Sparta III. Th
Page 274 and 275: CHAPTER XXIII THEBES ATTEMPTS TO GA
Page 276 and 277: 26o Thebes Attempts to Gain Suprema
Page 278 and 279: 262 Thebes Attempts to Gain Suprema
Page 282 and 283: ^ !ii'l n ' \ The Greeks are respon
Page 284 and 285: 268 Rise of Macedon another is dest
Page 286 and 287: 270 Rise of Macedon Hellenic league
Page 288 and 289: 272 Rise of Macedon A ncient World,
Page 290 and 291: 274 Rise of Macedon Alleged speech
Page 292 and 293: The reasons for his success. Plutar
Page 294 and 295: 278 Alexander's Empire I abundance
Page 296 and 297: 28o Alexander's Empire renown of Pe
Page 298 and 299: 282 Alexander's Empire STUDIES 1. W
Page 300 and 301: 284 Greek Life and Thought She is r
Page 302 and 303: 286 Greek Life and Thought "And wha
Page 304 and 305: 288 Greek Life and Thought have it
Page 306 and 307: 290 Greek Life and Thought first ar
Page 308 and 309: 292 Greek Life and Thought Old age
Page 310 and 311: The Greek attitude toward moneymaki
Page 312 and 313: 296 Greek Life and Thought STUDIES
Page 314 and 315: 298 The Hellenistic Age , freedom,
Page 316 and 317: 300 The Hellenistic Age The offer r
Page 318 and 319: 302 The Hellenistic Age A slight la
Page 320 and 321: 304 The Hellenistic Age Advantages
Page 322 and 323: 3o6 The Hellenistic Age Sema, an en
Page 324 and 325: 3o8 The Hellenistic Age A stadium i
Page 326 and 327: Milligan, p. gf. i68 B.C. In Egypt
Page 329 and 330: — BOOK III Rome CHAPTER XXVII] A.
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The Ao-e of Cicero 315 arose till t
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— The Augustan Age 317 Tiberius,
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Tacitus and Juvenal 319 the period
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— Second and Third Centuries A.D.
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Fourth and Fifth Centuries A.D. 323
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Authors and Documents 325 Aurelius
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Northern Italy 327 To the south of
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Central and Southern Italy 329 They
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The City of Rome 331 wines. . . . F
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Studies 333 3. How does Latium comp
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Patricians, Plebeians and Clients 3
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Institutions of Romulus 337 Roman c
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peace with Rome. Guilds and Priests
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Religious Festivals 341 the shade m
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The Census Classes 343 class. The s
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A Great Temple 345 IV. The Temple o
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Studies 347 2. What religious insti
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Early Republican Institutions 349 s
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Early Roman Laws 351 that after bot
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The Tribal Assembly 353 as a slave
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' Consular Tribunes; Censors 355 be
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The Licinian Laws 357 and then publ
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Hortensian Law 359 vote or followin
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CHAPTER XXXI THE EARLY REPUBLIC: (I
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The Gauls at Rome 363 The Romans ma
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Greek Invasion of Italy 365 mass of
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Pyrrhus Defeats the Romans 367 (Whe
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Italy for the Italians 369 could no
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. ROMAN ORGANIZATION; CHAPTER XXXII
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Organization of Latium 373 was rest
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The Army; Coinage 375 they were una
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Early Roman Art 377 we see an Atala
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CHAPTER XXXIII THE FIRST AND SECOND
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Hamilcar 381 plied with a harbor, c
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— Hannibal 383 III. The Battle of
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The Battle of Lake Trasimene 385 co
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The Character of Hannibal 387 skill
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CHAPTER XXXIV THE END OF GREEK FREE
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The Historian's Duty 391 courage, b
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Roman Envoys Insulted 393 and Gauis
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Destruction of Corinth 395 and fain
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CHAPTER XXXV GROWTH OF PLUTOCRACY;
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. The Senate and the People 399 the
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Governmental Balances; Religion 401
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' Funeral Customs 403 the others wh
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Agriculture 405 it To obtain wealth
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Supervision of the Farm 407 way his
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Hostility to Advanced Studies 409 I
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— — Character and Habits of Cat
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Cato's Proverbs 413 He said, too, "
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Cato as Censor 415 ought to contrib
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CHAPTER XXXVI THE REVOLUTION: (I) F
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The Agrarian Law 419 by forbidding
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Deposition of a Tribune 421 to him
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Gaius Gracchus as Administrator 423
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Proposal to Extend the Citizenship
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Marius and Sulla 427 This war, dive
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Sulla's Proscriptions 429 him and e
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Dictatorship of Sulla 431 avoid bei
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CHAPTER XXXVII THE REVOLUTION: (II)
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Spartacus 435 as soldier with the R
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a War with the Pirates 437 on his f
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Cicero Denounces Catiline 439 All t
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Cicero against Catiline 441 behavio
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Cassar 443 1 upon Caesar violently
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Gallic Society 445 heritance or abo
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July. Dictatorship of Cssar 447 Man
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— Caesar's Death; Character 449 i
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Supervision of Streets 451 urban qu
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Municipal Census 453 ever wishes sh
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Octavius 455 Octavius was the son o
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— Propertius ; Lucretius 457 fume
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Origin of Religion 459 limited, abl
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— A Refuge from Care 461 Ke grins
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Review 463 9. Who was Catullus (cf.
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Personal Character; Government 465
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Oath of Lo3'alty 467 the progress o
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' Ludi Ssculares 469 the quirites i
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— The Secular Hymn 471 Now, even
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The Campus Martius 473 hindrance, a
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Tiberius 475 VIII. The Character an
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Moderation and Generosity 477 to my
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Review 479 STUDIES 1. Describe the
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On Granting the Citizenship 481 the
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Palace; Administration 483 building
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. Vespasian; the Jews 485 which had
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Few Survivors 487 dence and learnin
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Fleeing from Rain 489 jured me to m
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• Provincial Administration 491 1
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A Quickly Made Croesus 493 Serapa,
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Social Life 495 is a difficult matt
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.Correspondence 497 1 Herraocrates
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The Unpleasantness of Rome 499 in t
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Studies 501 3. From these letters a
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" Provision against Fires 503 have
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Endowment for Poor Children 505 com
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Hadrian's Travels 507 and no empero
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Hadrian's Laws 509 rejected, and no
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— The Harmony of all Things 511 w
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Death and Immortality 513 when they
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; God Sees and Protects 515 Him and
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A Burial Society- Si? that whoever
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Correspondence 519 Serenus the son
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CHAPTER XLI EARLY HISTORY OF CHRIST
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Beginning of Persecutions 523 thus
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Harsher Persecutions 525 evident th
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CHAPTER XLII THE ABSOLUTE MONARCHY
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Reorganization of the Empire 529 qu
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1 Edict of Prices 531 becomes impos
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Constantine 533 institutions of the
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Toleration; Uniformity 535 about th
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CHAPTER XLIII SOME ASPECTS OF THE D
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Oppression 539 Drietor; hence it se
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Depopulation; Incipient Feudalism 5
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Moral Depravity 543 their evil pass
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Warfare; Government 545 which they
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Justice; ''Companionship" 547 king,
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Peace 549 the year's yield than to
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Family and Kin 551 hair: they are o
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Slavery 553 lances. Practice has pe
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The Huns 555 wander about roaming o
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Review 557 without any provocation,
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The Sack of Rome 559 but scourged a
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— Advice to a Monk 561 If on your
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Rule of St. Benedict 563 such a way
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Oft-Wedded 565 and have renounced t
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Angels; Miracles 567 law: and from
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Heresies; Education 569 be cancelle
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Teaching 571 things earthly unto Th
Page 589 and 590:
Review 573 Q. What view of miracles
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Future Life 575 a crowd of the form
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Charles the Great 577 III. Charlema
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His Activity; Personal Appearance 5
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His Education 581 the Roman fashion
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Crowned Emperor 583 the intention o
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INDEX Achaean, league, 297-301; war
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Index 587 Delos, 212; confederacy o
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Index 589 Heraclea, battle of, 367
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Index 591 Parilia, 334 Paterculus,
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Index 593 Sparta, rise of, 1 11-21;
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