A source-book of ancient history - The Search For Mecca
A source-book of ancient history - The Search For Mecca A source-book of ancient history - The Search For Mecca
236 Sicilian Expedition to End of War charm of novelty. That honesty which men must pray for, even against their will, custom and nature did conspire to plant in me in the sight of Phoebus. Now when I think on this, I deem that I am better here than there, father. So let me live on here, for 'tis an equal charm to joy in high estate, or in a humble fortune find a pleasure. VIII. Defence of Socrates Socrates is addressing the jury. Plato, Apology of Socrates. Ancient World, 243-s; Greece, 223-6. Any^us is one of his accusers. Socrates' method of seeking the truth. The true object of Ufe. Some one will say: And are you not ashamed, Socrates, of a course of life which is likely to bring you to an untimely end? To him I may fairly answer: There you are mistaken: a man who is good for anything ought not to calculate the chance of living or dying; he ought only to consider whether he in doing anything is doing right or wrong—acting the part of a good man or of a bad. . . . And therefore if you let me go now, and are not convinced by Anytus, who said that since I had been prosecuted I must be put to death; or if not that, I ought never to have been prosecuted at all; and that if I escape now, your sons will all be utterly ruined by listening to my words—if you say to me, Socrates, this time we will not mind Anytus, and you shall be let off, but upon one condition, that you are not to inquire and speculate in this way any more, and that if you are caught doing so again you shall die;—if this were the condition on which you let me go, I should reply: Men of Athens, I honor and love you ; but I shall obey God rather than you, and while I have life and strength I shall never cease from the practice and teaching of philosophy, exhorting every one whom I meet and saying to him after my manner: You my friend,—a citizen of the great and mighty and wise city of Athens,—are you not ashamed of heaping up the greatest amount of money and honor and reputation, and
The Worth of the Soul 237 caring so little about wisdom and truth and the greatest improvement of the soul, which you never regard or heed at all? And if the person with whom I am arguing says: Yes, but I do care; then I do not leave him or let him go at once; but I proceed to interrogate and examine and cross-examine him, and if I think that he has no virtue in him, but only says that he has, I reproach him with undervaluing the greater, and overvaluing the less. And I shall repeat the same words to everyone I meet, young and old, citizen and alien, but especially to the citizens, inasmuch as they are my brethren. For know that this is the command of God; and I beheve that no greater good has ever happened in God. the state than my service to For I do nothing but go about persuading you all, old and young alike, not to take thought for your persons or your properties, but first and chiefly to care about the greatest improvement of the soul. I tell you that virtue is not given by money, but that from virtue comes money and every other good of man, public as well as private. This is my teaching, and if this is the doctrine which corrupts the youth, I am a mischievous person. But if any one says that this is not my teaching, he is speaking an untruth. Wherefore, O men of Athens, I say to you, do as Anytus bids or not as Anytus bids, and either acquit me or not; but whichever you do, understand that I never shall alter my ways, not even if I have to die many times. . . . Let us reflect in another way, and we shall see that there is great reason to hope that death is a good; for one of two things—either death is a state of nothingness and utter unconsciousness, or as men say, there is a change and migration of the soul from this world to another. Now if you suppose that there is no consciousness, but a sleep Death is not flu evil,
- Page 202 and 203: i86 The Age of Pericles The money f
- Page 204 and 205: i88 The Age of Pericles Pheidiasand
- Page 206 and 207: On the national games; A ncient Wor
- Page 208 and 209: Their father CEdipub had been king,
- Page 210 and 211: — 194 The Age of Pericles ApoUo.
- Page 212 and 213: 196 The Age of Pericles Hierocles,
- Page 214 and 215: ' The authorities want an alliance
- Page 216 and 217: 200 The Age of Pericles Wasps, 549
- Page 218 and 219: 202 The Age of Pericles And cosily
- Page 220 and 221: — 204 The Age of Pericles wealth
- Page 222 and 223: ^" 206 The Age of Pericles \ X. Cha
- Page 224 and 225: ^ 208 The Age of Pericles •J^a{ L
- Page 226 and 227: 2IO The Age of Pericles seem to be
- Page 228 and 229: 212 The Peloponnesian War time the
- Page 230 and 231: The Athenians had condemned all to
- Page 232 and 233: 2i6 The Peloponnesian War however t
- Page 234 and 235: CHAPTER XX FROM THE SICILIAN EXPEDI
- Page 236 and 237: 2 20 Sicilian Expedition to End of
- Page 238 and 239: 222 Sicilian Expedition to End of W
- Page 240 and 241: Character. Plut., Ale. 2. Musical e
- Page 242 and 243: 226 Sicilian Expedition to End of W
- Page 244 and 245: 228 Sicilian Expedition to End of W
- Page 246 and 247: 230 Sicilian Expedition to End of W
- Page 248 and 249: 232 Sicilian Expedition to End of W
- Page 250 and 251: 234 Sicilian Expedition to End of W
- Page 254 and 255: 238 Sicilian Expedition to End of W
- Page 256 and 257: 240 Sicilian Expedition to End of W
- Page 258 and 259: 242 Sicily: the Tyrant and the Libe
- Page 260 and 261: 244 Sicily : the Tyrant and the Lib
- Page 262 and 263: 246 Sicily : the Tyrant and the Lib
- Page 264 and 265: 248 The Supremacy of Sparta The pat
- Page 266 and 267: 250 The Supremacy of Sparta midst o
- Page 268 and 269: 252 The Supremacy of Sparta more th
- Page 270 and 271: Unable to march farther. They reach
- Page 272 and 273: 256 The Supremacy of Sparta III. Th
- Page 274 and 275: CHAPTER XXIII THEBES ATTEMPTS TO GA
- Page 276 and 277: 26o Thebes Attempts to Gain Suprema
- Page 278 and 279: 262 Thebes Attempts to Gain Suprema
- Page 280 and 281: i Results of the battle. Ancient Wo
- Page 282 and 283: ^ !ii'l n ' \ The Greeks are respon
- Page 284 and 285: 268 Rise of Macedon another is dest
- Page 286 and 287: 270 Rise of Macedon Hellenic league
- Page 288 and 289: 272 Rise of Macedon A ncient World,
- Page 290 and 291: 274 Rise of Macedon Alleged speech
- Page 292 and 293: The reasons for his success. Plutar
- Page 294 and 295: 278 Alexander's Empire I abundance
- Page 296 and 297: 28o Alexander's Empire renown of Pe
- Page 298 and 299: 282 Alexander's Empire STUDIES 1. W
- Page 300 and 301: 284 Greek Life and Thought She is r
236 Sicilian Expedition to End <strong>of</strong> War<br />
charm <strong>of</strong> novelty. That honesty which men must pray<br />
for, even against their will, custom and nature did conspire<br />
to plant in me in the sight <strong>of</strong> Phoebus. Now when<br />
I think on this, I deem that I am better here than there,<br />
father.<br />
So let me live on here, for 'tis an equal charm to<br />
joy in high estate, or in a humble fortune find a pleasure.<br />
VIII.<br />
Defence <strong>of</strong> Socrates<br />
Socrates is<br />
addressing<br />
the jury.<br />
Plato, Apology<br />
<strong>of</strong> Socrates.<br />
Ancient<br />
World, 243-s;<br />
Greece, 223-6.<br />
Any^us is one<br />
<strong>of</strong> his accusers.<br />
Socrates'<br />
method <strong>of</strong><br />
seeking the<br />
truth.<br />
<strong>The</strong> true<br />
object <strong>of</strong><br />
Ufe.<br />
Some one will say: And are you not ashamed, Socrates,<br />
<strong>of</strong> a course <strong>of</strong> life which is likely to bring you to an untimely<br />
end? To him I may fairly answer: <strong>The</strong>re you are<br />
mistaken: a man who is<br />
good for anything ought not to<br />
calculate the chance <strong>of</strong> living or dying; he ought only to<br />
consider whether he in doing anything is doing right or<br />
wrong—acting the part <strong>of</strong> a good man or <strong>of</strong> a bad. . . .<br />
And therefore if you let me go now, and are not convinced<br />
by Anytus, who said that since I<br />
had been prosecuted<br />
I must be put to death; or if not that, I ought never<br />
to have been prosecuted at all; and that if I escape now,<br />
your sons will all be utterly ruined by listening to my<br />
words—if you say to me, Socrates, this time we will not<br />
mind Anytus, and you shall be let <strong>of</strong>f, but upon one condition,<br />
that you are not to inquire and speculate in this<br />
way any more, and that if you are caught doing so again<br />
you shall die;—if this were the condition on which you<br />
let me go, I should reply: Men <strong>of</strong> Athens, I honor and<br />
love you ;<br />
but I shall obey God rather than you, and while<br />
I have life and strength I shall never cease from the<br />
practice and teaching <strong>of</strong> philosophy, exhorting every one<br />
whom I meet and saying to him after my manner: You<br />
my friend,—a citizen <strong>of</strong> the great and mighty and wise<br />
city <strong>of</strong> Athens,—are you not ashamed <strong>of</strong> heaping up the<br />
greatest amount <strong>of</strong> money and honor and reputation, and