Explorations in Bible lands during the 19th century - H. V. Hilprecht

Explorations in Bible lands during the 19th century - H. V. Hilprecht Explorations in Bible lands during the 19th century - H. V. Hilprecht

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570 EXPLORATIONS IN BIBLE LANDS has been its real soul and characteristic central figure. No sooner was he entrusted with the management of the archaeological affairs of his country ( 1 8 8 1 ), than the antiquated and detrimental laws of excavations, under which a national Ottoman museum could not prosper, were radically changed and remodelled. The 1 spacious subterranean vaults of Tshinili Kiosk were carefully searched and long-forgotten monuments rediscovered.' 2 System and order began soon to prevail, where formerly nothing was accessible to science. as Small the annual sum proved to be which was placed at Hamdy Bey's disposal for meeting the current expenses and for realizing the many new projects constantly cherished by his active mind, the lofty terrace of the old seraglio with its superb view on the Golden Horn presented an entirely different picture at the close of the nineteenth century. Out of the midst of luxuriant gardens and pleasing alleys adorned with Greek and Roman statues, bas-reliefs, pillars, and tombstones, there rise three magnificent fire-proof buildings filled with rich archaeological treasures open for public inspection, while close by the museum we notice the School of Fine Arts, with its three sections of architecture, sculpture and painting, created to propagate knowledge and love of art and archaeologv among vounger generations. One cannot but admire the courage and determination of this single man, who, in the face of numerous obstacles thrown in his way by his own countrymen, by dissatisfied explorers 1 Compare above. A translation of the present Turkish law on Archaeological Excavations is given in Appendix D of John P. Peters' " Nippur, or Explorations and Adventures on the Euphrates," New York, 1897, vol. i, pp. 303—309. Recently, however, there have again been made certain changes with regard to the relations between the government and private landowners. 2 Unfortunately the monument known as " Sennacherib Constantinople " was not among these antiquities. Comp. Hilprecht, Sanherib Constantinopel, in Zeitschrift fur Assyriologie, vol. xiii, pp. 322-325, and p. 211, above.

DURING 19"i CENTURY: ASSYRIA AND BABYLONIA 571 and foreign diplomats, was able to accomplish this gigantic task within the short period of twenty years, — a fact even more remarkable when we consider that the inner consolidation of the whole department kept pace with the external growth and development. New sections were created, more officers appointed, a well-equipped library was added, and The Imperial Ottoman Museum at Constantinople This building contains a representative collection of ancient sarcophagi, and the Babylonian, Assyrian, Egyptian, and early Turkish antiquities. competent specialists were invited to classify and catalogue the various collections. 1 In order to protect the more exposed monuments carved in the rocks of mountain passes, 1 Among them the two brothers of Hamdy Bey, the late Ghalib Bey and Halil Bey, Director of the Imperial Ottoman Museum, for Oriental coins and Moslem antiquities ; Prof. Andre Joubin, of Paris, for classical and Byzantine antiquities ; Prof. V. Scheil, of Paris, for the Egyptian monuments ; Consul H. Mordtmann J. for South-Arabian and Palmyrene antiquities ; and Prof. Hilprecht, of the University of Pennsylvania, for the Assyrian and Babylonian collections.

DURING 19"i CENTURY: ASSYRIA AND BABYLONIA 571<br />

and foreign diplomats, was able to accomplish this gigantic<br />

task with<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> short period of twenty years, — a fact even<br />

more remarkable when we consider that <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>ner consolidation<br />

of <strong>the</strong> whole department kept pace with <strong>the</strong> external<br />

growth and development. New sections were created, more<br />

officers appo<strong>in</strong>ted, a well-equipped library was added, and<br />

The Imperial Ottoman Museum at Constant<strong>in</strong>ople<br />

This build<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>s a representative collection of ancient sarcophagi, and <strong>the</strong> Babylonian,<br />

Assyrian, Egyptian, and early Turkish antiquities.<br />

competent specialists were <strong>in</strong>vited to classify and catalogue<br />

<strong>the</strong> various collections. 1 In order to protect <strong>the</strong> more exposed<br />

monuments carved <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> rocks of mounta<strong>in</strong> passes,<br />

1<br />

Among <strong>the</strong>m <strong>the</strong> two bro<strong>the</strong>rs of Hamdy Bey, <strong>the</strong> late Ghalib Bey and<br />

Halil Bey, Director of <strong>the</strong> Imperial Ottoman Museum, for Oriental co<strong>in</strong>s<br />

and Moslem antiquities ; Prof. Andre Joub<strong>in</strong>, of Paris, for classical and Byzant<strong>in</strong>e<br />

antiquities ; Prof. V. Scheil, of Paris, for <strong>the</strong> Egyptian monuments ; Consul<br />

H. Mordtmann J. for South-Arabian and Palmyrene antiquities ; and Prof.<br />

<strong>Hilprecht</strong>, of <strong>the</strong> University of Pennsylvania, for <strong>the</strong> Assyrian and Babylonian<br />

collections.

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