Explorations in Bible lands during the 19th century - H. V. Hilprecht
Explorations in Bible lands during the 19th century - H. V. Hilprecht Explorations in Bible lands during the 19th century - H. V. Hilprecht
488 EXPLORATIONS IN BIBLE LANDS open court, there was no difficulty in carefully examining the whole structure by means of two long trenches following its course on either side. We 1 soon found that originally a series of small rooms was built against the inner face of the rampart. Three of them opened into a long corridor which ran along the wall (No. 1 1). Two, exhibiting no entrance at all, seemed to have served as store-rooms, accessible only from above. Some could be identified only from insignificant traces, while still others had disappeared so completely that their former existence could only be inferred from certain indications in the soil. To the northwest of the five preserved chambers was a peculiar receptacle in the shape of a jar made of three different materials (No. 10). round terra-cotta plate, thickly covered with bitumen, represented the bottom. The lower part of its side consisted of bitumen, while the upper part was unbaked clay coated inside and outside with a thin layer of bitumen. Evidently this receptacle had been a kind of a safe inserted in the floor of a room, the walls of which had decayed long ago. who devised this unique specimen of a small "cistern " had A The man probably intended to construct it entirely of bitumen on a foundation of terra-cotta, but finding that his material was not sufficient, he substituted clay, and used only as much bitumen as was absolutely necessary to exclude the humidity from the interior of the vessel. The relative age and purpose of this vase could be determined by the aid of seven fragments of cuneiform tablets lying within it, and also of a few others picked up at about the same level in the loose earth of the neighborhood. A shopkeeper of some sort, who lived at the time of the dynasty of Ur (about 2600 b. c), had kept his account books in this jar. Similar tablet jars were repeatedly found in other parts of the ruins. 2 1 Comp. the zinctype illustrating the " Northwestern Section of the Northeastern City Wall," p. 498, below. The numbers placed in parenthesis above refer to it. 2 Comp. my remarks in connection with the temple library below.
DURING 19TB CENTURY: ASSYRIA AND BABYLONIA 489 Our excavations along the northwest section of Nimit- Marduk had shown that in the first half of the third millennium a row of magazines, booths, and closets occupied the space along the inner face of the long wall. In one case a room had been built even into the latter. Our continued explorations in that neighborhood confirmed this result in all particulars. Near the northern extremity of the large enclosure we uncovered a small fireplace with ashes on its top and around its base (No. 9). It was a very simple affair, being merely a hard clay platform surrounded by a row of burned bricks set on edge. A much more elaborate concern (No. 8) was discovered a little to the north of it. Our Arabs identified it at once as a large oven or the same tvpe as is used Baking Furnace. About 2-:oo to-day in the large native restaurants of Baghdad, Hilla, and other places of the lower Euphrates and Tigris valleys, or employed in connection with the burning of pottery. This is another striking illustration of the tenacity with which
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DURING 19TB CENTURY: ASSYRIA AND BABYLONIA 489<br />
Our excavations along <strong>the</strong> northwest section of Nimit-<br />
Marduk had shown that <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> first half of <strong>the</strong> third millennium<br />
a row of magaz<strong>in</strong>es, booths, and closets occupied <strong>the</strong><br />
space along <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>ner face of <strong>the</strong> long wall. In one case a<br />
room had been built even <strong>in</strong>to <strong>the</strong> latter. Our cont<strong>in</strong>ued explorations<br />
<strong>in</strong> that neighborhood confirmed this result <strong>in</strong> all<br />
particulars. Near <strong>the</strong> nor<strong>the</strong>rn extremity of <strong>the</strong> large enclosure<br />
we uncovered a small fireplace with ashes on its<br />
top and<br />
around its base (No. 9). It was a very simple affair, be<strong>in</strong>g<br />
merely a hard clay platform surrounded by a row of burned<br />
bricks set on edge. A much more elaborate concern (No. 8)<br />
was discovered a little to <strong>the</strong> north of it. Our Arabs identified<br />
it at once as a large oven or <strong>the</strong> same tvpe as is used<br />
Bak<strong>in</strong>g Furnace.<br />
About 2-:oo<br />
to-day <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> large native restaurants of Baghdad, Hilla, and<br />
o<strong>the</strong>r places of <strong>the</strong> lower Euphrates and Tigris valleys, or<br />
employed <strong>in</strong> connection with <strong>the</strong> burn<strong>in</strong>g of pottery. This<br />
is ano<strong>the</strong>r strik<strong>in</strong>g illustration of <strong>the</strong> tenacity with which