Explorations in Bible lands during the 19th century - H. V. Hilprecht
Explorations in Bible lands during the 19th century - H. V. Hilprecht Explorations in Bible lands during the 19th century - H. V. Hilprecht
430 EXPLORATIONS IN BIBLE LANDS the most southern group of mounds' on the eastern side of the Shatt en-Nil (IV). 5. The distinguishing features in the modes of burials practised at ancient Nippur, and the various tvpes and forms of pottery once used, by means of well-defined strata, dated documents, and accurate labels, in order to obtain satisfactory rules for dating the numerous vases which, so far, we had been unable to assign to any period of Babylonian history with a reasonable degree of certainty. 6. To these important problems, at Mr. E. W. Clark's special request, was added the task of excavating completely the large building with its colonnade on the west side of the Shatt en-Nil (VII), which had been discovered and partly explored by the first expedition (comp. pp. 308, 313), and which received some attention also during the second campaign by Dr. Peters (comp. pp. 337, seqq.), who assigned it to the Cassite period (about 1300 b. c), while the present writer had declared it to be Parthian (about 250 b. c). In order not to influence Haynes unduly in his own judgment, and to secure for him a necessary amount of liberty of action in the field within the bounds of a clearly defined course, it was decided not to communicate to him the reasons for our plans nor the hopes we expected to realize by their proper execution. Accordingly we confined ourselves to positive instructions with regard to the manner in which his note-books were to be kept, the preserving and packing of the the use of photography, antiquities desired for transport, and impressed upon him the following rules as a basis for his operations: 1. To devote only one third to one fourth of his force to the methodical exploration of the temple mound ; to select the east section of the court of the ziggurrat and the enclosing wall of the latter as the object of his mission ; and to pay greater attention to the peculiarities of the different layers than had been the case in the past. 2. While recommending " the whole of the mounds "
DURING ID"! CENTURY: ASSYRIA AND BABYLONIA 43L to his care, to concentrate his efforts principally upon two of the other mounds, namely, the so-called " Tablet Hill " (IV, the probable site of the temple library), which he had not touched at all during the third campaign, and which, above all, needed a methodical exploration ; and the mound represented by the so-called " Court of Columns " (VII) at the north end of the ridge to the west of the Shatt en-Nil. 3. To make the settling of the numerous topographical questions one of the most essential tasks of this expedition, and to regard the location of one or more of the ancient city gates, particularly of the eastern and southern gates, in all probability represented by the abullu rabu (" the large gate "), and the abullu Shibi The Daghara Canal and a Freight-Boat (Meshhuf) of the Expedition Uruku of the inscriptions, as " one of the necessary points to be determined during this campaign." The critical examination of the exposed structures and antiquities, the
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DURING ID"! CENTURY: ASSYRIA AND BABYLONIA 43L<br />
to his care, to concentrate his efforts pr<strong>in</strong>cipally upon<br />
two of <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r mounds, namely, <strong>the</strong> so-called " Tablet<br />
Hill " (IV, <strong>the</strong> probable site of <strong>the</strong> temple library),<br />
which he had not touched at all dur<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> third campaign,<br />
and which, above all, needed a methodical exploration<br />
; and <strong>the</strong> mound represented by <strong>the</strong> so-called " Court<br />
of Columns " (VII) at <strong>the</strong> north end of <strong>the</strong> ridge to <strong>the</strong><br />
west of <strong>the</strong> Shatt en-Nil. 3. To make <strong>the</strong> settl<strong>in</strong>g of <strong>the</strong><br />
numerous topographical questions one of <strong>the</strong> most essential<br />
tasks of this expedition, and to regard <strong>the</strong> location of<br />
one or more of <strong>the</strong> ancient city gates, particularly of <strong>the</strong><br />
eastern and sou<strong>the</strong>rn gates, <strong>in</strong> all probability represented<br />
by <strong>the</strong> abullu rabu (" <strong>the</strong> large gate "), and <strong>the</strong> abullu Shibi<br />
The Daghara Canal and a Freight-Boat (Meshhuf) of <strong>the</strong> Expedition<br />
Uruku of <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>scriptions, as " one of <strong>the</strong> necessary po<strong>in</strong>ts<br />
to be determ<strong>in</strong>ed dur<strong>in</strong>g this campaign." The critical exam<strong>in</strong>ation<br />
of <strong>the</strong> exposed structures and antiquities, <strong>the</strong>