Explorations in Bible lands during the 19th century - H. V. Hilprecht
Explorations in Bible lands during the 19th century - H. V. Hilprecht Explorations in Bible lands during the 19th century - H. V. Hilprecht
: 200 EXPLORATIONS IN BIBLE LANDS that all the antiquities recovered became the exclusive property of the Imperial Museum in Constantinople. Before Rassam left England in 1877, his duties had been clearly defined by the trustees of the great London Museum. In continuing the work of his lamented predecessor, he was ordered to concentrate his activity upon the mounds of Nineveh, and to try to secure as many fragments as possible from the library of Ashurbanapal. But such a task was very little to the liking of Rassam, whose personal ambition was directed to sensational finds rather than to a careful search for broken clay tablets which he could not read, and the importance of which he was not educated enough to realize. We cannot do better than to quote his own words "Although that was the first object of my mission, I was, nevertheless, more eager to discover some new ancient sites than to confine my whole energy on such a tame undertaking. . . . My aim was to discover unknown edifices, and to bring to light some important Assyrian monument." 1 His ambition was soon to be gratified. A year before he was commissioned to renew the British explorations in Assyria, a friend of his, employed as dragoman in the French consulate at Mosul, had sent him two pieces of ancient bronze adorned with figures and cuneiform signs, in which Savce recognized the name ot Shalmaneser. Upon the latter's advice, Rassam endeavored to determine, immediately after his return to the banks of the Tigris, where these relics had been found. It did not take him long to learn that the two pieces presented to him were part of a large bronze plate accidentally unearthed by a peasant in the mound of Balawat(d), about fifteen miles to the east of Mosul. On examining this ruin he observed that the whole site had been largely used as a burial ground by the native population of that district, and was therefore excluded from the 1 Comp. Rassam, " Asshur and the Land of Nimrod," New York, 1897, p. 200.
DURING 19TB CENTURY: ASSYRIA AND BABYLONIA 207 sphere of his firman. But feeling that the exceptional character of the desired monument " was well worth the risk of getting into hot water with the authorities, and even with the villagers," he troubled himself concerning the restrictions imposed upon him bv law or etiquette just as little then, as he had done twenty-four years previouslv, when he tore down the barrier erected by Rawlinson, and occupied the French territory of Qoyunjuk. However, it cost him considerable time and anxiety and frequent disappointment before he obtained the much coveted prize. The excitement and disturbance among the Arabs of the neighboring tribes subsequent to his first attempts at cutting trenches in the promising mound were extraordinary, and at times threatened to end in serious conflicts and bloodshed. were moments when he himself lost all There even hope of ever reaching the object of his desire and efforts. But bv profiting from every temporary lull in the storm, by distributing occasional small gifts among the dissatisfied workmen, and bv superintending the excavations, as far as possible, himself, he overcame the chief opposition, and the strong prejudices of the owners of graves, so far as to enable him to ascertain the general contents of the mound, and to make some most valuable discoveries. Shortly after the commencement of their operations the workmen came upon several scrolls or strips of bronze, in form and execution similar to those in his possession. Originally about four inches thick, thev had suffered greatlv from corrosion and other causes, and no sooner had thev been exposed to the air, when thev began to crack and to crumble, offering no small difficulty to their safe removal to Mosul. Within five davs the whole twisted and bent mass was uncovered and packed in proper cases large enough to take in the full length of this remarkable monument. Sixty feet away to the northwest a second set of bronze strips was disclosed, half the size of the former, and in several other
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DURING 19TB CENTURY: ASSYRIA AND BABYLONIA 207<br />
sphere of his firman.<br />
But feel<strong>in</strong>g that <strong>the</strong> exceptional character<br />
of <strong>the</strong> desired monument " was well worth <strong>the</strong> risk of<br />
gett<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>to hot water with <strong>the</strong> authorities, and even with <strong>the</strong><br />
villagers," he troubled himself concern<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> restrictions<br />
imposed upon him bv law or etiquette just as little <strong>the</strong>n, as<br />
he had done twenty-four years previouslv, when he tore<br />
down <strong>the</strong> barrier erected by Rawl<strong>in</strong>son, and occupied <strong>the</strong><br />
French territory of Qoyunjuk. However, it cost him considerable<br />
time and anxiety and frequent disappo<strong>in</strong>tment before<br />
he obta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>the</strong> much coveted prize. The excitement<br />
and disturbance among <strong>the</strong> Arabs of <strong>the</strong> neighbor<strong>in</strong>g tribes<br />
subsequent to his first attempts at cutt<strong>in</strong>g trenches <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
promis<strong>in</strong>g mound were extraord<strong>in</strong>ary, and at times threatened<br />
to end <strong>in</strong> serious conflicts and bloodshed.<br />
were moments when he himself lost all<br />
There even<br />
hope of ever reach<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>the</strong> object of his desire and efforts. But bv profit<strong>in</strong>g<br />
from every temporary lull <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> storm, by distribut<strong>in</strong>g<br />
occasional small gifts among <strong>the</strong> dissatisfied workmen, and<br />
bv super<strong>in</strong>tend<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> excavations, as far as possible, himself,<br />
he overcame <strong>the</strong> chief opposition, and <strong>the</strong> strong prejudices<br />
of <strong>the</strong> owners of graves, so far as to enable him to ascerta<strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> general contents of <strong>the</strong> mound, and to make some most<br />
valuable discoveries.<br />
Shortly after <strong>the</strong> commencement of <strong>the</strong>ir operations <strong>the</strong><br />
workmen came upon several scrolls or strips of bronze, <strong>in</strong><br />
form and execution similar to those <strong>in</strong> his possession. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
about four <strong>in</strong>ches thick, <strong>the</strong>v had suffered greatlv from<br />
corrosion and o<strong>the</strong>r causes, and no sooner had <strong>the</strong>v been<br />
exposed to <strong>the</strong> air, when <strong>the</strong>v began to crack and to crumble,<br />
offer<strong>in</strong>g no small difficulty to <strong>the</strong>ir safe removal to<br />
Mosul.<br />
With<strong>in</strong> five davs <strong>the</strong> whole twisted and bent mass<br />
was uncovered and packed <strong>in</strong> proper cases large enough to<br />
take <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> full length of this remarkable monument. Sixty<br />
feet away to <strong>the</strong> northwest a second set of bronze strips<br />
was disclosed, half <strong>the</strong> size of <strong>the</strong> former, and <strong>in</strong> several o<strong>the</strong>r