Explorations in Bible lands during the 19th century - H. V. Hilprecht
Explorations in Bible lands during the 19th century - H. V. Hilprecht Explorations in Bible lands during the 19th century - H. V. Hilprecht
82 EXPLORATIONS IN BIBLE LANDS ;*;.;{* » : ^, * * l • ¥ | > "-;>- 1* "*~" «j Wall Decoration in Enamelled Tiles, Khorsabad predecessor, and successfully extended even to the walls of the town. In these outlying mounds he unearthed four simple and three very fine gates, flanked bv large winged bulls and other sculptures, and their arches most beautifully decorated with friezes of blue and white enamelled tiles representing winged genii and animals, plants and rosettes, in excellent design and execution. At the angle ! formed by two of the walls of the palace he made an especially valuable discovery in the form of an inscribed box serving as corner-stone, and containing seven tablets of different size, in gold, silver, copper, lead, lapis lazuli, magnesite, and limestone. They all bore identical cuneiform records pertaining to the history of these buildings. It was not always very easy for Place to trace the rooms of the " harem " and the other smaller structures, as no sculptures like those discovered by Botta had adorned their walls and sustained the crumbling mass of unbaked bricks. But gradually his eyes became sharpened and were able to distinguish the faint outlines of walls from the surrounding earth and rubbish. Though his excavations did not yield 1 Comp. Oppert, Expedition en Mesopotamie, vol. i., p. 349, note 2.
DURING 19 CENTURY: ASSYRIA AND BABYLONIA 83 anything like the rich harvest in large monuments of art reaped by his predecessor, as we have just seen, they were by no means deficient in them. But they were especially productive in those small objects of clav and stone, glass and metal, which in a welcome manner supplemented our knowledge of the life and customs and daily needs of the ancient Assyrians. Place discovered no less than fourteen inscribed barrel cylinders with historical records. He found a regular magazine of pottery, another full of colored tiles, and a third containing iron implements of every description in such a fine state of preservation that several of them were used at once by his Arab workmen. He unearthed even the waterclosets, the bakery and the " wine-cellar " of the king, the latter easily to be identified by a number of pointed jars resting in a double row of small holes on the paved floor, and discharging a strong smell of yeast after the first rain had dissolved their red sediments. Unlike Botta, who, after his great discovery, most naturally had concentrated all his energy upon a systematic exploration of the mound of Khorsabad, Place made repeated excursions into the regions to the east and south of Mosul, examining many of the smaller mounds with which the whole country is covered, and excavating for a few months without success at Qal c at Shirgat, the large Tell Shemamyk (about halfway between the Upper Zab and Erbil, to the southwest of the latter) and even in the neighborhood of Nimrud, which had yielded such extraordinary treasures to Lavard. 1 About the same time English excavations were carried on by Rassam, in the ruins just mentioned, under Rawlinson's direction, the Ottoman firman having granted to both the French and British governments the right of excavating " in any ground belonging to the state." In consquence of this 1 Comp. Lettre de M. Place a M. Mohl sur une Expedition faite a Arbeles (dated Mosul, Nov. 20, 1852) in the Journal Asiatique, series iv., vol. xx. (1852), pp. 441-470.
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82 EXPLORATIONS IN BIBLE LANDS<br />
;*;.;{* » : ^, * * l • ¥<br />
|<br />
><br />
"-;>- 1*<br />
"*~" «j<br />
Wall Decoration <strong>in</strong> Enamelled Tiles, Khorsabad<br />
predecessor, and successfully extended even to <strong>the</strong> walls of<br />
<strong>the</strong> town. In <strong>the</strong>se outly<strong>in</strong>g mounds he unear<strong>the</strong>d four<br />
simple and three very f<strong>in</strong>e gates, flanked bv large w<strong>in</strong>ged<br />
bulls and o<strong>the</strong>r sculptures, and <strong>the</strong>ir arches most beautifully<br />
decorated with friezes of blue and white enamelled tiles<br />
represent<strong>in</strong>g w<strong>in</strong>ged genii and animals, plants and rosettes,<br />
<strong>in</strong> excellent design and execution. At <strong>the</strong> angle ! formed<br />
by two of <strong>the</strong> walls of <strong>the</strong> palace he made an especially valuable<br />
discovery <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> form of an <strong>in</strong>scribed box serv<strong>in</strong>g as<br />
corner-stone, and conta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g seven tablets of different size,<br />
<strong>in</strong> gold, silver, copper, lead, lapis lazuli, magnesite, and limestone.<br />
They all bore identical cuneiform records perta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g<br />
to <strong>the</strong> history of <strong>the</strong>se build<strong>in</strong>gs.<br />
It was not always very easy for Place to trace <strong>the</strong> rooms<br />
of <strong>the</strong> " harem " and <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r smaller structures, as no<br />
sculptures like those discovered by Botta had adorned <strong>the</strong>ir<br />
walls and susta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>the</strong> crumbl<strong>in</strong>g mass of unbaked bricks.<br />
But gradually his eyes became sharpened and were able to<br />
dist<strong>in</strong>guish <strong>the</strong> fa<strong>in</strong>t outl<strong>in</strong>es of walls from <strong>the</strong> surround<strong>in</strong>g<br />
earth and rubbish. Though his excavations did not yield<br />
1<br />
Comp. Oppert, Expedition en Mesopotamie, vol. i., p. 349, note 2.