Challenges to Rural Poverty Reduction in Viet Nam - Oxfam Blogs

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Participatory poverty monitoring in rural communities in Viet Nam 76 Access to information Access to information via TV and telephones has improved. The number of households with no TV or telephone has fallen significantly (Table 2.13). In some communes (Thuan Hoa-Tra Vinh, Thanh Xuong-Dien Bien, Duc Huong-Ha Tinh, Cu Hue-Dak Lak, Thuan Hoa-Tra Vinh) almost all households have telephones, and many individual household members have a mobile phone. TABLE 2.13. Percent of households with no TV set or telephone, 2007-2011 Commune No TV sets (%) No telephones (%) 2007 2011 2007 2011 Thuan Hoa 58 28 93 7 Ban Lien 70 31 100 19 Thanh Xuong 2 4 52 11 Luong Minh 75 50 100 55 Duc Huong 25 2 86 6 Xy 37 21 95 44 Cu Hue 9 2 56 18 Phuoc Dai 36 18 80 27 Phuoc Thanh 54 19 94 56 Thuan Hoa 24 3 79 26 Average 39 18 84 27 SOURCE: Household interviews Many remote villages are still not connected to the national grid and have no telephone coverage, so few households have TVs or telephones, for example Luong Minh-Nghe An. Elsewhere coverage is weak and unstable. The efficiency of access to information depends on the information channel. Although television is a useful source of regularly updated information with large audiences, the quality of information is often limited. The most effective source of information on policies, programmes and projects are village and organizational meetings and activities (see Item 1.6 “Participation and empowerment”). Risks The only dimension that has worsened over the last five years is the ability to manage risk. Some communes witnessing a sharp increase in the percentage of households reporting facing risks that greatly affect their lives in the last 12 months are Ban Lien-Lao Cai, Luong Minh-Nghe An, Xy-Quang Tri and Phuoc Dai-Ninh Thuan (Table 2.14).
Five-year Synthesis Report Part 2: Challenges to Rural Poverty Reduction in Viet Nam TABLE 2.14. Percentage of local residents reporting facing risks that greatly affect their lives in the last 12 months, 2007-2011 (%) 77 Commune 2007 2011 Thuan Hoa 48 33 Ban Lien 56 67 Thanh Xuong 20 24 Luong Minh 66 72 Duc Huong 63 35 Xy 26 61 Cu Hue 58 35 Phuoc Dai 43 69 Phuoc Thanh 63 59 Thuan Hoa 40 42 Average 48 49 SOURCE: Household interviews Risks and shocks increasing people’s vulnerability are the biggest challenge to sustainable poverty reduction. Risks in the last five years include natural disasters, pests, disease, illness, inflation and adverse weather. Poor living conditions and nutrition can also pose health problems for the poor. In some communes (Luong Minh-Nghe An, Thanh Xuong- Dien Bien), many households have members who suffer from drug use, leading to labour shortages and other difficulties. See Item 1.4 “Vulnerability”. Other poverty dimensions Other important poverty dimensions include social capital, land, financial capital, participation and empowerment and gender equality. The following discusses social capital, land, and financial capital. Participation and empowerment and gender equality are mentioned separately in this report. Social capital based on community relationships is maintained at most monitoring points. In ethnic minority villages, people suffering food shortages prior to crop harvests can get small food grants or borrow food from relatives and neighbours. Whole villages support households who face unanticipated hardship or have to host major social events by providing labour, rice, wine or money. In many places, the practice of labour exchange is well maintained. Village funds comprised of contributions from all villagers are used to lend to the poor who are short of food or support households with sick members. The practice of tending buffalos and cows on contract is beneficial to both the owners and the contractors. Many clans play well the role of encouraging learning and helping relatives in need. Formal and informal groups help members to participate in learning and sharing experiences and develop social contacts. In some places, people contribute labour, materials and money to build and repair public facilities that benefit the community (such as bridges over streams in Thuan Hoa-Ha Giang, Luong Minh-Nghe An, expanded village roads and a new village headquarters in Thanh Xuong-Dien Bien). Where many people seek waged employment in informal sectors (such as in Thanh Xuong-Dien Bien, Duc Huong-Ha Tinh, Thuan Hoa-Tra Vinh) networks are indispensable.
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PARTICIPATORY POVERTY MONITORING IN
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PREFACE 1 7 In early 2007, Viet Nam
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ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMS 10 ActionAi
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12 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The last five
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14 and improve monitoring and evalu
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16 TABLE 1. The monitoring points C
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18 transparency, and accountability
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20 TABLE 2. Characteristics of the
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Part 1 Poverty Trends and Key Theme
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Participatory poverty monitoring in
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Participatory poverty monitoring in
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Challenges to Rural Poverty Reduction in Viet Nam - Oxfam Blogs

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