Challenges to Rural Poverty Reduction in Viet Nam - Oxfam Blogs
Challenges to Rural Poverty Reduction in Viet Nam - Oxfam Blogs
Challenges to Rural Poverty Reduction in Viet Nam - Oxfam Blogs
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Five-year Synthesis Report<br />
Part 2: <strong>Challenges</strong> <strong>to</strong> <strong>Rural</strong> <strong>Poverty</strong> <strong>Reduction</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Viet</strong> <strong>Nam</strong><br />
bus<strong>in</strong>ess activities.<br />
Education<br />
71<br />
More children are go<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> school at most moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g po<strong>in</strong>ts. However, the<br />
percentage of children aged 6 <strong>to</strong> 15 who do not go <strong>to</strong> school rema<strong>in</strong>s high <strong>in</strong> some<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong>ous ethnic m<strong>in</strong>ority communes with specific difficulties such as Ban Lien-Lao<br />
Cai, Phuoc Dai and Phuoc Thanh-N<strong>in</strong>h Thuan. See Section 6 “Improvement of access <strong>to</strong><br />
education service”.<br />
Difficulties with the <strong>Viet</strong>namese language rema<strong>in</strong>s a problem for some adults.<br />
Illiteracy limits access <strong>to</strong> useful <strong>in</strong>formation and knowledge of science and technology.<br />
In mounta<strong>in</strong>ous ethnic m<strong>in</strong>ority communes women are more likely <strong>to</strong> be illiterate than<br />
men, limit<strong>in</strong>g their ability <strong>to</strong> participate <strong>in</strong> the family and wider society (Table 2.7).<br />
TABLE 2.7. <strong>Viet</strong>namese language skills of the respondents, 2011 (%)<br />
Commune Speak<strong>in</strong>g and<br />
Read<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Writ<strong>in</strong>g<br />
listen<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Males Females Males Females Males Females<br />
Thuan Hoa 100 100 88 74 83 26<br />
Ban Lien 100 91 77 55 74 45<br />
Thanh Xuong 95 100 95 85 100 85<br />
Luong M<strong>in</strong>h 100 90 69 65 67 65<br />
Duc Huong 100 100 100 100 100 100<br />
Xy 70 54 55 38 77 23<br />
Cu Hue 100 100 96 81 96 78<br />
Phuoc Dai 100 100 72 60 76 60<br />
Phuoc Thanh 97 100 51 32 54 32<br />
Thuan Hoa 100 100 76 73 76 64<br />
Average 95 96 75 71 78 64<br />
SOURCE: Household <strong>in</strong>terviews<br />
Health<br />
Healthcare has improved <strong>in</strong> the last five years. There were fewer reported<br />
epidemics and diseases. The <strong>in</strong>cidence of Malaria, <strong>in</strong> particular, has fallen <strong>in</strong> many<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong>ous communes. In most surveyed sites, there are medical doc<strong>to</strong>rs at commune<br />
health stations. S<strong>in</strong>ce 2009 <strong>in</strong> specially disadvantaged communes such as Ban Lien-Lao<br />
Cai, Luong M<strong>in</strong>h-Nghe An, Phuoc Dai and Phuoc Thanh-N<strong>in</strong>h Thuan, s<strong>in</strong>ce 2009 medical<br />
doc<strong>to</strong>rs have been dispatched under the M<strong>in</strong>istry of Health’s Project 1816. The Village<br />
Healthcare Network and population collabora<strong>to</strong>rs now cover all villages and <strong>in</strong> some<br />
places there are even nutrition advisors. An <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>g proportion of women give birth<br />
<strong>in</strong> commune health stations and have gynaecological and pre-natal check-ups. Many<br />
people <strong>in</strong> ethnic m<strong>in</strong>ority areas, who traditionally made ceremonial offer<strong>in</strong>gs <strong>in</strong> order <strong>to</strong><br />
treat disease now use local health facilities.<br />
Table 2.8 shows the percentage of households with members hospitalized <strong>in</strong> 2011 was<br />
lower than <strong>in</strong> 2007. Fewer respondents f<strong>in</strong>d healthcare services “unsatisfac<strong>to</strong>ry”, ma<strong>in</strong>ly<br />
because ethnic m<strong>in</strong>orities <strong>in</strong> difficult circumstances receive free medical <strong>in</strong>surance<br />
cards. Primary healthcare at grassroots level has also been improved.