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Participatory poverty monitoring in rural communities in Viet Nam 58 on agricultural extension). A Community Learning Centre has a director (often a commune vice chairperson in charge of cultural-social affairs) and 1-2 deputy directors (teachers or full time officers). Community Learning Centres are operational under the management of the commune People’s Committee, and professional guidance from the District Education and Training Division. At the monitoring points, some Community Learning Centres have made some improvements in their activities in the last five years. According to assessments in 2007, Community Learning Centres at the monitoring points operated ineffectively and in a formalistic way due to lack of funding, poor facilities and no specific plans of action. But in the 2008-2011 period, in some areas implementing Reflect Project - Literacy and community development funded by ActionAid (in Thuan Hoa-Ha Giang, Thanh Xuong- Dien Bien, Duc Huong-Ha Tinh, Cu Hue-Dak Lak and Thuan Hoa-Tra Vinh), Community Learning Centres are linked to Community Development Clubs with an aim to increasing the role and activities of Community Learning Centres, while enhancing the possibility of sustaining clubs. At present, these Community Learning Centres play the focal point role in collecting learning needs from community/clubs to be incorporated in their plans of action, or transferred to relevant agencies (such as agricultural extension, health, education...). Activities of Community Learning Centres considered effective include: organization of trainings on livestock breeding, cultivation, gender equality, HIV/AIDS prevention; support to members of clubs and interest groups to access revolving funds from Micro Credit Funds. In addition to the Community Learning Centres mentioned above, activities of the remaining Community Learning Centres at the monitoring points (Ban Lien-Lao Cai, Luong Minh-Nghe An, Xy-Quang Tri, Phuoc Dai and Phuoc Thanh-Ninh Thuan) in the last five years are in general rather weak, just stopping at some activities such as communication and dissemination of knowledge. Current biggest difficulties and challenges to effective activities of Community Learning Centres include: • Lack of proper care and direction from local Party committees and authorities. • Activities of Community Learning Centres are not yet incorporated in the commune plans of activities. Therefore, in the annual socio-economic development planning and budgeting, most of the communes have not yet paid attention to planning activities for Community Learning Centres and including them in the corresponding budget lines, thus fund is not allocated to activities of these centres 14 . • Community Learning Centres are currently not considered a focal point in implementing related local communication, training and livelihoods support activities. Functional agencies and projects continue to carry out activities on their own channels, without coordination with Community Learning Centres. Legal Aid In the last five years, legal aid has been implemented in surveyed sites through various channels (by the commune judicial committee) and Programmes 135 and 30a 15 . People’s needs for legal aid often concentrate on areas like land, marriage and family, prevention of domestic violence and adoption of children... 14 Under Circular 96/2008/TT-BTC dated 27/10/2008, Community Learning Centres are provided once with VND30 million at inception. Centers established in ethnic minority and mountainous communes receive VND20 million/year for Category I communes and VND25 million/year for Category II and III communes. 15 Decision No. 112/2007/QĐ-TTg dated 20 July 2007 and Decision No. 52/2010/QĐ-TTg dated 18 August 2010 of the Prime Minister
Five-year Synthesis Report Part 1: Poverty Trends and Key Themes of Rural Poverty Reduction Forms of legal aid are rather diverse. Most of the communes integrated legal communication and dissemination in village meetings or organizational meetings. 59 Some communes have conducted mobile legal communication sessions and provided direct legal aid to local residents in villages. In Cu Hue, Dak Lak, the justice sector has had many forms of legal communication such as news bulletin, brochures, coordination with information points (funded by DANIDA Administrative Reforms Project, implemented by ActionAid and local partners) to answer questions about administrative procedures to local residents. In addition, the district Judicial Section, in coordination with the Farmers’ Union, organized advanced training on legal knowledge to commune clusters. The effectiveness of legal aid is limited. Most of the people are not really interested in and proposed their needs for legal aid. The form of legal communication is not lively, mostly through reading legal documents by local cadres, no visual aid and almost no illustrative cases. Most local resident interviewed did not have good understanding of legal information after attending communication sessions. The village heads have limited legal knowledge, so their presentations at village meetings are often not comprehensive. There is a “legal bookshelf” at the office of the People’s Committee, but it is not regularly used by village heads because of their limited educational background and because they are generally busy and live far from the People’s Committee office. Mountainous communes are large and scattered; commune cadres only receive a very low level of allowances to conduct mobile communication. In Luong Minh commune (Nghe An), the commune legal aid and communication committee received an aid package of 200,000- 500,000 VND/legal communication session in all villages; meanwhile some villages are an hour motorbike drive away from the commune centre; therefore, the plan is a legal communication session is given to a village per a quarter, but in fact only a session a year was held. The legal aid clubs are not established. According to regulations of Programme 135, each commune receives 2 million dong per year to establish one legal aid club and organise mobile legal communication sessions. In reality no commune at the monitoring points established the legal aid clubs. The cited reasons are inadequate budget, difficulties in mobilising local cadres and people, lacking detailed instructions from functional agencies and commitment of commune leaders for establishment and sustained operation of the clubs.
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PARTICIPATORY POVERTY MONITORING IN
Page 7: PREFACE 1 7 In early 2007, Viet Nam
Page 10 and 11: ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMS 10 ActionAi
Page 12 and 13: 12 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The last five
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Page 18 and 19: 18 transparency, and accountability
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Page 23: Part 1 Poverty Trends and Key Theme
Page 26 and 27: Participatory poverty monitoring in
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Participatory poverty monitoring in
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Part 3 Toward Sustainable Rural Pov
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