Introduction to Fungi, Third Edition
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INDEX<br />

829<br />

Leveillula taurica 407<br />

Lewia (anam. Alternaria) 460, 469<br />

Lewia infec<strong>to</strong>ria 469, 470<br />

Liceales (Myxomycota) 51<br />

lichen acids 453<br />

lichen desert 454<br />

lichenicolous fungi 451<br />

lichenicolous lichens 451<br />

lichenometry 447<br />

lichens 446–458, Pl. 8; air pollution<br />

454; chimaera 457; haus<strong>to</strong>rium 450,<br />

452; nutrition 451–452; phylogeny<br />

226, 454; pigments 452, 453, 454;<br />

pure-culture studies 446;<br />

reproduction 448; secondary<br />

metabolism 453; stratification 447,<br />

448; taxonomy 448, 449, 454–455;<br />

thallus establishment 448–449, 450,<br />

451; thallus morphology (crus<strong>to</strong>se,<br />

foliose, fruticose) 447–448<br />

lignin 528; degradation 530–532<br />

lignin peroxidase 530, 531<br />

Limnoperdon 577<br />

linoleic acid, nematicidal properties<br />

683<br />

lipid (s<strong>to</strong>rage reserves) 28–29, 71, 78,<br />

86, 350, 381, Pl. 12; in oospore<br />

arrangement (Oomycota) 86<br />

lipid sac 154<br />

locule 315, 459<br />

Loculoascomycetes 315, 459–486<br />

loline 359, 360<br />

lolitrem 359, 360<br />

long-distance dispersal 400, 586, 610,<br />

624, 633, 639<br />

Lophodermiella 441<br />

Lophodermium 441<br />

LSD 554<br />

Lunulospora curvula 691, 692<br />

lupinosis 375<br />

Lycogala epidendron 51, Pl. 1<br />

Lycoperdon 581<br />

Lycoperdon perlatum 582<br />

Lycoperdon pyriforme 581, 583<br />

Lyophyllum 552<br />

lysergic acid 354<br />

lysigenous perithecial development<br />

315, 459<br />

lysine biosynthesis, DAP and AAA<br />

pathways 67, 71, 75, 165<br />

macroconidia; see Botrytis cinerea,<br />

Fusarium, Neurospora, Sclerotinia<br />

macrocyclic (rusts) 613<br />

macrocysts 42<br />

Macrolepiota 536; related <strong>to</strong><br />

gasteromycetes 579, 581<br />

Macrolepiota procera 533, 536; and<br />

mercury accumulation 536<br />

Macrolepiota rhacodes 536<br />

macronema<strong>to</strong>us 230<br />

macrophages 291<br />

macrophore (in Phycomyces) 168<br />

Magnaporthaceae 316, 377–386<br />

Magnaporthe grisea 378, 379–382, 383,<br />

384–385, 388, 396; appressorium<br />

formation 378–381; appressorium<br />

maturation 381; conidium<br />

germination 378; gene-for-gene<br />

relationship 383; penetration 381;<br />

signalling 384, 385<br />

Magnusiomyces 282<br />

maize, anthracnose 388; cms-T<br />

mutation 477; grey leaf spot 481;<br />

Northern leaf spot 477; root and<br />

stalk rot 95; rust 630; smut 643;<br />

Southern leaf blight 477<br />

major gene resistance; see host<br />

resistance<br />

Malassezia 671–672; dandruff 672;<br />

ultrastructure 671, 672<br />

Malassezia furfur 671<br />

Malassezia globosa 672<br />

Malassezia pachydermatis 671, 672<br />

Malasseziales 671–672<br />

Malbranchea 289, 290, 292, 295<br />

maneb 113, 631, 651<br />

manganese peroxidase 530<br />

manna lichen 455<br />

mantle (of ec<strong>to</strong>mycorrhiza) 21, 526, 527<br />

MAP kinase 384, 385, 645<br />

Marasmius 18, 546–548<br />

Marasmius androsaceus 548<br />

Marasmius oreades 511, 546, 547<br />

Marasmius ramealis 548<br />

Marasmius rotula 548<br />

Margaritispora aquatica 685, 691, 693<br />

Massarina 688, 690<br />

Massarina aquatica 693<br />

Massospora 203<br />

mastigoneme; see tripartite tubular<br />

hair<br />

mating behaviour, Ascomycota 229,<br />

266–270, 278, 322–324, 330–331;<br />

Basidiomycota 506–510;<br />

Chytridiomycota 131–133;<br />

Oomycota 101–102; Zygomycota<br />

173–181<br />

mating-type, Ascomycota: idiomorphs<br />

277, 320, 330, 436, 464, 469, 477;<br />

loci 268; multiple alleles 387;<br />

switch 268, 269, 270, 277<br />

mating-type, Basidiomycota: A and B<br />

loci 508, 509–510, 662; heterodimer<br />

formation 509, 645; multiple alleles<br />

507; structure 508–510<br />

medicinal fungi 361, 562, 565, 608<br />

Megacollybia platyphylla 500, 502, 511<br />

meiosporangium, meiospore 156, 176<br />

Melampsora 635, Pl. 12<br />

Melampsora epitea 635<br />

Melampsora euphorbiae, telium 635<br />

Melampsora lini var. lini 635;<br />

gene-for-gene concept 619<br />

Melampsoridium betulinum 635<br />

melanin 16, 177, 298, 381, 664, Pl. 4;<br />

DHN melanin biosynthesis 381;<br />

DOPA melanin 664<br />

Melzer’s iodine 28, 241–242, 566<br />

membrane channels (stretchactivated);<br />

see Ca 2þ<br />

membrane cycling 12, 272<br />

memnospore 22, 29<br />

meningoencephalitis 663<br />

Meripilus giganteus 501<br />

meristem arthroconidium 390, 391<br />

meris<strong>to</strong>spore 205, 206<br />

merosporangium 166, 195, 201<br />

mesospore 629<br />

metabasidium 490, 611, 637<br />

metalaxyl 113, 119, 126<br />

Metarhizium anisopliae 361, 363, 364;<br />

penetration 364<br />

methylhydrazine 415<br />

metula 298, 310, 311<br />

Microascales 316, 368–373<br />

Microascus 368–369; perithecium<br />

formation 369<br />

microbodies 71, 684<br />

microbody-lipid complex (MLC) 130,<br />

131<br />

Microbotryales 609, 636, 652–655;<br />

intercellular growth 652; life cycle<br />

652; phylogeny 652<br />

Microbotryum 639; dicot Ustilago 652<br />

Microbotryum violaceum 652–655;<br />

conjugation 653; ecology 655;<br />

fimbriae 653, 654; host-pathogen<br />

interactions 654–655; life cycle 652;<br />

sex chromosomes 638, 653; somatic<br />

diploids; systemic infection 655;<br />

teliospore germination 653

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