Introduction to Fungi, Third Edition

INTRODUCTION
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Fig19.1 Examples of hymenial surfaces in the Homobasidiomycetes. (a) Gill-bearing (lamelloid) surface of Agaricus silvaticus.
(b) Tubular (poroid) hymenium of Boletus badius.(c)Spiny(hydnoid)surfaceofHydnumrepandum. (d) Club-shaped (clavate) fruit body
of Clavariadelphus pistillaris.The hymenium lines the surface of the fruit body. (e) Flattened (corticioid) hymenium of Peniophora
quercina forming a crust on the underside of an oak twig. (f) Enclosed (gasteroid) fruit body of Scleroderma citrinum.
a more definitive taxonomic system can be put in
place.
The eight clades, shown in Fig. 19.2, are as
follows: (1) the polyporoid clade, including most
members of the former order Polyporales; (2) the
euagarics clade containing many members of
the old order Agaricales, together with fungi
from diverse other groups; (3) the boletoid clade;
(4) a thelephoroid clade; (5) the russuloid clade
including a particularly wide range of fruit body
types; (6) the hymenochaetoid clade; (7) the
cantharelloid clade; and (8) a gomphoid phalloid
clade. Table 19.1 indicates that each of these
clades contains several of the hymenophore