Small-Micro Hydro Facilitation & Innovative Technologies in Japan
Small-Micro Hydro Facilitation & Innovative Technologies in Japan
Small-Micro Hydro Facilitation & Innovative Technologies in Japan
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1<br />
HYDROVISION2006<br />
Oregon Convention Center, Portland, Oregon USA<br />
July 31 – August 5, 2006<br />
<strong>Innovative</strong> <strong>Small</strong> and Medium <strong>Hydro</strong> <strong>Technologies</strong> Workshop<br />
By IEA <strong>Small</strong> <strong>Hydro</strong> Annex-2 2 & NRCan - CETC<br />
<strong>Small</strong>-<strong>Micro</strong> <strong>Hydro</strong> <strong>Facilitation</strong><br />
& <strong>Innovative</strong> <strong>Technologies</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>Japan</strong><br />
August 1, 2006<br />
Junichi Isono<br />
New Energy Foundation, <strong>Japan</strong><br />
2
Introduction<br />
• Land Area<br />
• Population<br />
• Population Density<br />
• TPES<br />
• Electricity Production<br />
• Generat<strong>in</strong>g Capacity<br />
• Average Annual Ra<strong>in</strong>fall<br />
378,000 km2<br />
127.6 million<br />
338 /km2<br />
517.1 Mtoe<br />
1,038 TWh<br />
261 GW<br />
1,700 mm<br />
* Source:<br />
Statistic Bureau, M<strong>in</strong>istry of Internal Affairs and Communications, <strong>Japan</strong><br />
IEA Renewable Information 2005<br />
3<br />
Introduction<br />
Description<br />
<strong>Japan</strong><br />
USA<br />
Canada<br />
UK<br />
Land area<br />
Population<br />
TPES<br />
Electricity Generation<br />
of which: renewable<br />
of which: hydropower (TWh)<br />
Renewable / Total (%)<br />
<strong>Hydro</strong> / Total (%)<br />
CO2 Emission<br />
(x 1000km2)<br />
(Million)<br />
(Mtoe)<br />
(TWh)<br />
(TWh)<br />
(Mt of CO2)<br />
378<br />
128<br />
517<br />
1,038<br />
114<br />
104<br />
10.9<br />
10.0<br />
1,201<br />
9,629<br />
291<br />
2,281<br />
4,054<br />
360<br />
306<br />
8.9<br />
7.5<br />
5,729<br />
* Source:<br />
Statistic Bureau, M<strong>in</strong>istry of Internal Affairs and Communications, <strong>Japan</strong><br />
IEA Renewable Information 2005<br />
9,971 243<br />
32 59<br />
261 232<br />
587 396<br />
348 11<br />
338 6<br />
59.2 2.7<br />
57.5 1.5<br />
553 540<br />
( Figures of Year 2003)<br />
4
Introduction<br />
Ratio<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
TPES<br />
(toe/capita)<br />
Electricity<br />
Consumption<br />
(kWh/capita)<br />
CO 2<br />
Emission<br />
(t CO2/capita)<br />
* Source:<br />
Statistic Bureau, M<strong>in</strong>istry of Internal Affairs and Communications, <strong>Japan</strong><br />
IEA Renewable Information 2005<br />
5<br />
Introduction<br />
<strong>Hydro</strong> Potential Classified by Output<br />
Nos. of <strong>Hydro</strong> Site<br />
<br />
Output (MW)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Possible Annual Power Production<br />
• Developed & Under Const. 67 %<br />
• Yet Exploited 33 %<br />
* Source: Agency for Natural Resources and Energy, METI, <strong>Japan</strong> (2005)<br />
6
Challenges & <strong>Facilitation</strong><br />
of<br />
<strong>Small</strong>-<strong>Micro</strong> <strong>Hydro</strong><br />
7<br />
Challenges of <strong>Hydro</strong> Activity <strong>in</strong> <strong>Japan</strong><br />
3. Time-Consum<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Licens<strong>in</strong>g Procedure<br />
1. Loss of Feasible Sites<br />
2. High Construction Cost<br />
4. Environmental<br />
Conservation<br />
5. Public Acceptance<br />
Uncompetitive <strong>Hydro</strong> Generation Cost<br />
Stagnation of <strong>Hydro</strong> Activities<br />
8
Policies to Facilitate <strong>Hydro</strong> Development<br />
<strong>Hydro</strong>-Valley Develop. Programmes<br />
Survey of non-used hydro potential<br />
F/S for specific hydro-sites<br />
To Enhance Public<br />
Awareness<br />
Enhance Public Relation<br />
<br />
<br />
To Specify<br />
Promis<strong>in</strong>g Sites<br />
Challenges<br />
To Urge <strong>Innovative</strong><br />
<strong>Technologies</strong> lead<strong>in</strong>g<br />
to Cost Down<br />
Tech. Research for SHP<br />
F/S for water quality<br />
improvement <strong>in</strong> reservoirs<br />
<br />
To Reduce Primal<br />
Generation Cost<br />
Grant for Construction Cost<br />
<br />
<br />
To Encourage Local<br />
Developers (Municipalities)<br />
Grant for SHS developer<br />
<br />
<br />
9<br />
<strong>Hydro</strong> Valley Development Programmes<br />
Various Water<br />
Resources<br />
Mounta<strong>in</strong> Streams<br />
Irrigation Water Water<br />
Sand-guard Dam Dam Water Water<br />
Fresh Fresh Water Water Supply<br />
Sewage Dra<strong>in</strong> Dra<strong>in</strong> Water Water<br />
<strong>Small</strong>-<strong>Micro</strong><br />
<strong>Hydro</strong><br />
Vitalization of Local<br />
Communities<br />
Local Local Infrastructures<br />
Services & Bus<strong>in</strong>esses<br />
Farm<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Fishery<br />
Tourist Spots Spots<br />
Employment<br />
10
<strong>Hydro</strong> Valley Development Programmes<br />
11<br />
<strong>Innovative</strong> <strong>Technologies</strong><br />
12
<strong>Innovative</strong> <strong>Technologies</strong><br />
1. Siphon-Intake <strong>Micro</strong>-Tubular Turb<strong>in</strong>e<br />
(Tokyo Electric Generation Co., Ltd.)<br />
2. VLH <strong>Micro</strong> <strong>Hydro</strong> Set-<strong>in</strong> Farmland Irrigation Channel<br />
(Electric Power Development Co., Ltd : EPDC)<br />
3. In-l<strong>in</strong>e Hydraulic Turb<strong>in</strong>e Generator<br />
(Kubota Corporation)<br />
13<br />
Siphon-Intake Axial Propeller Turb<strong>in</strong>e<br />
<br />
Jo<strong>in</strong>t Research Program by Bureau of Sewerage, Tokyo<br />
& Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
• <br />
<br />
• <br />
<br />
• <br />
• <br />
<br />
14
Siphon-Intake Axial Propeller Turb<strong>in</strong>e<br />
NURUKAWA <strong>Micro</strong> <strong>Hydro</strong> Power Plant<br />
<br />
<br />
Site- Specific Concept<br />
• Install<strong>in</strong>g Turb<strong>in</strong>e above<br />
Intake Water Level<br />
• M<strong>in</strong>imiz<strong>in</strong>g Site Works<br />
• Output<br />
37 kW<br />
• Max. Water Flow 1.1 m3/s<br />
• Max. Effective Head 4.49 m<br />
• Pipel<strong>in</strong>e<br />
• Dia.<br />
800 mm<br />
• Pressure -0.03 MPa<br />
• Turb<strong>in</strong>e<br />
• Horizontal Axis Propeller<br />
15<br />
1.<br />
Siphon-Intake Axial Propeller Turb<strong>in</strong>e<br />
3.<br />
<br />
<br />
2. 4.<br />
16
VLH <strong>Micro</strong> <strong>Hydro</strong> Set-up <strong>in</strong> Farmland Irrigation Channel<br />
By Electric Power Development Co., Ltd.<br />
(EPDC)<br />
Proto-Type Field Demonstration (2004.4 ~ 2005.9)<br />
❖ Output 30 kW<br />
❖ Effective Head 2.0 m<br />
❖ Max. Water Flow 2.4 m3/s<br />
❖ Channel Width 2.05 m<br />
17<br />
VLH <strong>Micro</strong> <strong>Hydro</strong> Set-up <strong>in</strong> Farmland Irrigation Channel<br />
By Electric Power Development Co., Ltd.<br />
(EPDC)<br />
1. Orig<strong>in</strong>al Flow 2. Cradle Installation 3. Turb<strong>in</strong>e Installation<br />
18
VLH <strong>Micro</strong> <strong>Hydro</strong> Set-up <strong>in</strong> Farmland Irrigation Channel<br />
By Electric Power Development Co., Ltd.<br />
(EPDC)<br />
Characteristic<br />
“<strong>Hydro</strong>-Agri R “<br />
• To Utilize Hydraulic Energy Dissipater<br />
<strong>in</strong> Exist<strong>in</strong>g Channel<br />
H > 1.5 m<br />
• To M<strong>in</strong>imize Site Work and Install<br />
Factory Product <strong>in</strong> a Short Time<br />
• To Simplify Operation and<br />
Regular Ma<strong>in</strong>tenance<br />
19<br />
In-L<strong>in</strong>e Hydraulic Turb<strong>in</strong>e Generator<br />
By KUBOTA Corporation, <strong>Japan</strong><br />
Pressure Reduc<strong>in</strong>g Valve<br />
<br />
<br />
Reservoir, etc<br />
Distribut<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Reservoir<br />
Distribut<strong>in</strong>g <br />
Reservoir<br />
Water<br />
Purification Plant<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Pipel<strong>in</strong>e <br />
<br />
Reserved Tank<br />
<br />
Distribut<strong>in</strong>g <br />
Reservoir<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Pump<br />
Distribut<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<br />
Reservoir<br />
20
In-L<strong>in</strong>e Hydraulic Turb<strong>in</strong>e Generator<br />
By KUBOTA Corporation, <strong>Japan</strong><br />
<br />
<br />
• Simple & Compact Structure<br />
• Easy Installation <strong>in</strong> Straight L<strong>in</strong>e<br />
• Output > 20 kW<br />
Mechanical Seal<br />
• Water Lubrication<br />
• Oil-Free<br />
Water Flow<br />
Turb<strong>in</strong>e Runner<br />
Water Flow<br />
Built-<strong>in</strong> Generator<br />
21<br />
In-L<strong>in</strong>e Hydraulic Turb<strong>in</strong>e Generator<br />
Summary of Field Demonstration<br />
By KUBOTA Corporation, <strong>Japan</strong><br />
• Specification<br />
Nom<strong>in</strong>al Bore 250 mm<br />
Length 1,440 mm<br />
Weight 1,250 kg<br />
Water Flow 0.222 m3/sec<br />
Effective Heads 20.0 m<br />
Output 35 kW<br />
Rotation 1,010 rpm<br />
• Monitor<strong>in</strong>g Period<br />
Feb.22, 2003 ~ March 31, 2005<br />
• Electricity Generation<br />
• Rate of Operation<br />
535 MWh<br />
92.6 %<br />
• Cost sav<strong>in</strong>g (Electric Charge)<br />
¥ 2.55 M p.a. ($ 22,000 p.a.)<br />
• Reduction of CO2 Emission<br />
186 t-CO2 p.a.<br />
( 0.742-0.011= 0.731 kg-CO2/kWh)<br />
< Equivalent of 50 hectare Reforestation ><br />
22
In-L<strong>in</strong>e Hydraulic Turb<strong>in</strong>e Generator<br />
By KUBOTA Corporation, <strong>Japan</strong><br />
Field Demonstration<br />
2003.2 ~ 2005.3<br />
Generator Performance Data<br />
• Generated Electricity<br />
• Voltage<br />
• Current<br />
• Frequency<br />
• Runner Revolution<br />
• Power Factor<br />
• Water Flow<br />
• Effective Heads<br />
Water Quality Data<br />
• Water Pressure<br />
• Water Temperature<br />
• pH<br />
• Turbidity<br />
• Residual Chlor<strong>in</strong>e<br />
23<br />
Inquiry<br />
• Siphon-Intake <strong>Micro</strong>-Tubular Turb<strong>in</strong>e<br />
(Tokyo Electric Generation Co., Ltd.)<br />
<strong>in</strong>fo@touhatu.tgn.ne.jp<br />
• VLH <strong>Micro</strong> <strong>Hydro</strong> Set-<strong>in</strong> Farmland Irrigation Channel<br />
(Electric Power Development Co., Ltd : EPDC)<br />
Refer to http://www.jpower/english/<strong>in</strong>dex.html<br />
• In-l<strong>in</strong>e Hydraulic Turb<strong>in</strong>e Generator<br />
(Kubota Corporation)<br />
m-hattor@kubota.co.jp<br />
OR<br />
• New Energy Foundation, <strong>Japan</strong><br />
hydropower@nef.or.jp<br />
24
Thank you for your k<strong>in</strong>d Attention<br />
25
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