Unix Tutorial

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UID Expands to the numeric user ID of the current user, initialized at shell startup. Following is the sample example showing few environment variables: $ echo $HOME /root ]$ echo $DISPLAY $ echo $TERM xterm $ echo $PATH /usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/home/amrood/bin:/usr/local/bin $ TUTORIALS POINT Simply Easy Learning
CHAPTER 6 Java Basic Utilities So far you must have got some idea about <strong>Unix</strong> OS and nature of its basic commands. This tutorial would cover few very basic but important <strong>Unix</strong> utilities which you would use in your day to day life. Printing Files: Before you print a file on a UNIX system, you may want to reformat it to adjust the margins, highlight some words, and so on. Most files can also be printed without reformatting, but the raw printout may not look quite as nice. Many versions of UNIX include two powerful text formatters, nroff and troff. They are not covered in this tutorial but you would quit a lot material on the net for these utilities. The pr Command: The pr command does minor formatting of files on the terminal screen or for a printer. For example, if you have a long list of names in a file, you can format it onscreen into two or more columns. Here is the syntax of pr command: pr option(s) filename(s) The pr changes the format of the file only on the screen or on the printed copy; it doesn't modify the original file. Following table lists some pr options: Option Description -k Produces k columns of output -d Double-spaces the output (not on all pr versions). -h "header" Takes the next item as a report header. -t Eliminates printing of header and top/bottom margins. -l PAGE_LENGTH Set the page length to PAGE_LENGTH (66) lines. Default number of lines of text 56. -o MARGIN Offset each line with MARGIN (zero) spaces. TUTORIALS POINT Simply Easy Learning
Page 1 and 2: Unix Tutorial
Page 3 and 4: ABOUT THE TUTORIAL Unix Tutorial UN
Page 5 and 6: Renaming Directories: .............
Page 7 and 8: Extended Shell Scripts: ...........
Page 9 and 10: Example: ..........................
Page 11 and 12: Trapping Signals: .................
Page 13 and 14: The main concept that unites all ve
Page 15 and 16: New UNIX password:******* Retype ne
Page 17 and 18: CHAPTER 2 Unix File Management All
Page 19 and 20: Displays all the files whose name s
Page 21 and 22: 4. Fourth Column: represents file n
Page 23 and 24: CHAPTER 3 Unix Directories Adirecto
Page 25 and 26: Creates the directories docs and pu
Page 27 and 28: CHAPTER 4 Unix File Permission Setu
Page 29 and 30: $ls -l testfile -rw-rwxrwx 1 amrood
Page 31 and 32: The SUID and SGID bits will appear
Page 33 and 34: Note - The shell initialization pro
Page 35: The default secondary prompt is > (
Page 39 and 40: laserp-574 grace 82744 Nov 7 11:28
Page 41 and 42: CHAPTER 7 Unix Pipes and Filters Yo
Page 43 and 44: This pipe sorts all files in your d
Page 45 and 46: The process runs in the foreground,
Page 47 and 48: $kill -9 6738 Terminated Parent and
Page 49 and 50: CHAPTER 9 Unix Communication When y
Page 51 and 52: prompt on Turns prompt on. Dir List
Page 53 and 54: No Plan. Check all the logged in us
Page 55 and 56: ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ "testfile" [New Fil
Page 57 and 58: Command CTRL+d CTRL+d CTRL+f CTRL+u
Page 59 and 60: ^G U U J Press CNTRL and G keys at
Page 61 and 62: IMPORTANT: Here are the key points
Page 63 and 64: POSIX shell ( sh) The different C-t
Page 65 and 66: CHAPTER 12 Unix- Using Variables Av
Page 67 and 68: NAME="Zara Ali" unset NAME echo $NA
Page 69 and 70: Command-Line Arguments: The command
Page 71 and 72: CHAPTER 14 Unix - Using Arrays Ashe
Page 73 and 74: CHAPTER 15 Unix - Basic Operators T
Page 75 and 76: val=`expr $b / $a` echo "b / a : $v
Page 77 and 78: else echo "$a -ge $b: a is not grea
Page 79 and 80: != Checks if the value of two opera
Page 81 and 82: ] is true. -x file Check if file is
Page 83 and 84: Right shift == String comparison fo
Page 85 and 86: -r file Checks if file is readable
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Example: #!/bin/sh a=10 b=20 if [ $
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There is only one form of case...es
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CHAPTER 17 Unix - Shell Loops Loops
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done This will produce following re
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4) juice 5) appe 6) all 7) none #?
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CHAPTER 18 Unix - Loop Control So f
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1 0 1 5 The continue statement: The
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\n new line \r carriage return \t h
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CHAPTER 20 Unix - Quoting Mechanism
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The Double Quotes: Try to execute t
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CHAPTER 21 Unix - IO Redirections M
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EOF 3 $ This is a simple lookup pro
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CHAPTER 22 Unix - Shell Functions F
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echo "Return value is $ret" This wo
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CHAPTER 23 Unix - Manpage Help All
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CHAPTER 24 Unix - Regular Expressio
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Try out the following address range
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sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/bin/sh sync:x:4
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[0-9] Matches a single number [a-zA
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(555)555-1213 (555)555-1214 (666)55
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dev /etc /lib /boot /home /mnt /pro
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$du -h /etc 5k /etc/cron.d 63k /etc
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CHAPTER 26 Unix - User Administrati
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$ groupdel developer This removes o
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CHAPTER 27 Unix - System Performanc
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CHAPTER 28 Unix - System Logging Un
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The combination of facilities and l
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Unix - Signals and Traps CHAPTER 29
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Trapping these signals is quite eas
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CHAPTER 30 Unix - Useful Commands T
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Ispell Emacs ex, edit Emacs Emacs C
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Command Dbx Gdb Make Nm Size Strip
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Reset Reset terminal mode Script Ke
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