Digestive Sys. Review.pdf - Mrs Stovel

What are the roles of the LI? (bacterial decomposition of undigested food
absorption of water, solidification of material that will become feces, transfer of waste material
to the rectum)
What is a sphincter? What is its job? What are the names of all 5 sphincters?
What is the pH of the stomach? What is the pH of the SI. Why are they different? Why is it
important that they are different? What is Hl and what is Sodium Bicarbonate?
How do the bacteria that live in our large intestine help us?
What is bile and what does it do? Where is it made and where is it produced? Where is bile used
and how does it get there? What is emulsification?
What 3 secretions are present in the SI?
Know the digestive disorders from your disorders assignment.. .gingivitis, hepatitis, etc... Also
add to the list irritable bowel syndrome (the bowel - LI/rectum is over-reactive to certain
chemicals in food and certain stressors and causes cramping pain and diarrhea) and lactose
intolerance (milk and milk products cause irritable bowel syndrome due to the fact that the body
does not produce enough of the enzyme lactase).
We need fibre as a part of a healthy diet yet we can't digest it. Why can't we digest it? Why do
we need fibre?
What is the role of mucus in the mouth? In the stomach? In the SI?
Be able to list the components of saliva, gastric juice, pancreatic juice, intestinal juice (you
completed a chart on this). Know what each component is responsible for.
Control of Digestion is by a combination of nerves and hormones.... know your charts.
Blood sugar levels are maintained by the opposing affects of insulin and glucagon. Be able to
explain exactly how they control the BSL.
Know the names of enzymes which digest each type of food - amylase for starch, lipase for
lipids, nucleases for nucleic acids, peptidases (any name with "pep" or "pro" in it) for proteins.
Also know that sugar enzyme names match the names of sugars (maltase for maltose)
What are peptones and proteoses?
Why are pepsinogen and chymotrypsinogen secreted as inactive enzymes? What activates them?
What are the functions of the liver?(storage of glycogen, detoxification of harmful chemicals like
alcohol, formation of bile salts, secretion of bile)