Final report on link level and system level channel models - Winner

WINNER D5.4 v. 1.4
4.3.2 Sum-of-Sinusoids......................................................................................................... 54
4.3.3 Problem details ............................................................................................................ 54
4.3.4 Comparison ................................................................................................................. 55
4.3.5 Kronecker correlation................................................................................................... 55
5. Measurements and Literature Review ..................................................... 56
5.1 Measurement systems .......................................................................................................... 56
5.1.1 Principle of channel sounding....................................................................................... 56
5.1.2 Channel sounders employed ......................................................................................... 56
5.2 Measurement campaigns ...................................................................................................... 61
5.2.1 Scenario A1................................................................................................................. 61
5.2.2 Scenario B1 ................................................................................................................. 62
5.2.3 Scenario B3 ................................................................................................................. 62
5.2.4 Scenario C1 ................................................................................................................. 63
5.2.5 Scenario C2 ................................................................................................................. 63
5.2.6 Scenario D1................................................................................................................. 64
5.2.7 Measurement summary ................................................................................................ 65
5.3 Description of key references ............................................................................................... 67
5.4 Results of analysis items ...................................................................................................... 67
5.4.1 Path-loss and shadow fading ........................................................................................ 67
5.4.2 LOS probability ........................................................................................................... 73
5.4.3 DS and maximum excess-delay distribution.................................................................. 74
5.4.4 Azimuth AS at BS and MS........................................................................................... 79
5.4.5 Distribution of the azimuth angles of the multipath components.................................... 83
5.4.6 Angle proportionality factor ......................................................................................... 85
5.4.7 Modelling of PDP ........................................................................................................ 87
5.4.8 Number of ZDSC......................................................................................................... 91
5.4.9 Distribution of ZDSC delays ........................................................................................ 93
5.4.10 Delay proportionality factor ......................................................................................... 96
5.4.11 Ricean K-factor............................................................................................................ 98
5.4.12 Cross-polarization ratio (XPR) ................................................................................... 101
5.4.13 Large-scale parameter analysis item ........................................................................... 105
5.5 Literature review................................................................................................................ 111
5.5.1 Scenario A1............................................................................................................... 111
5.5.2 Scenario B3 ............................................................................................................... 115
5.5.3 Scenario B5 ............................................................................................................... 116
5.5.4 Scenario C1 ............................................................................................................... 120
5.5.5 Scenario C2 ............................................................................................................... 122
5.5.6 Scenario D1............................................................................................................... 125
5.6 Interpretation of results ...................................................................................................... 127
5.6.1 Path-loss.................................................................................................................... 127
5.6.2 Power-delay profile.................................................................................................... 131
5.6.3 Delay spread.............................................................................................................. 131
5.6.4 K-factor ..................................................................................................................... 132
5.6.5 Cross-polarization discrimination (XPR) .................................................................... 132
5.6.6 Doppler ..................................................................................................................... 132
5.6.7 Angle-spread.............................................................................................................. 132
Page 7 (167)