Behavioural Surveillance Surveys - The Wisdom of Whores

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BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE SURVEYS BSS GUIDELINES FOR REPEATED BEHAVIORAL SURVEYS IN POPULATIONS AT RISK OF HIV Contributors (presented in alphabetical order) : Joseph Amon Tim Brown Jan Hogle Joan MacNeil Robert Magnani Stephen Mills Elizabeth Pisani Thomas Rehle Tobi Saidel Christine Kolars Sow Funded by <strong>The</strong> United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through the IMPACT Project implemented by Family Health International. Cooperative Agreement HRN-A-00-97-00017-00 DFID Contract Number CNTR 973095 A c 2000 Family Health International
Family Health International (FHI) HIV / AIDS Prevention and Care Department 2101 Wilson Blvd Suite 700 Arlington, VA 22201 USA Phone (703) 516-9779 Fax (703) 516-9781 URL : www.fhi.org
Page 1: BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE SURVEYS GUI
Page 5 and 6: Chapter 7 Analysis and interpretati
Page 7 and 8: 3. Choosing populations for behavio
Page 9 and 10: G UIDELINES FOR REPEATED BEHAVIORAL
Page 11 and 12: Recognizing that HIV surveillance d
Page 13 and 14: Different approaches to collecting
Page 15 and 16: The principal rationale for focusin
Page 17 and 18: It is not possible to validate data
Page 19 and 20: GUIDELINES FOR REPEATED BEHAVIORAL
Page 21 and 22: The process of building partnership
Page 23 and 24: Funders of HIV prevention activitie
Page 25 and 26: What is to be measured ? Indicators
Page 27 and 28: Step 7 : Constructing a sampling fr
Page 29 and 30: Step 12 : Data collection and super
Page 31 and 32: choosing population groups GUIDELIN
Page 33 and 34: the spread of HIV. For this reason,
Page 35 and 36: In some circumstances, public healt
Page 37 and 38: GUIDELINES FOR REPEATED BEHAVIORAL
Page 39 and 40: The majority of sub-populations of
Page 41 and 42: In the end, the issue boils down to
Page 43 and 44: In looking at behaviors of hard-to-
Page 45 and 46: Maps derived from program planning
Page 47 and 48: Selecting primary sampling units (c
Page 49 and 50: ...when measures of size are not av
Page 51 and 52: If there is no reason to believe th
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Figure 3 : Decision tree for first-
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Implications of alternative samplin
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Table 5 : Values of Z 1-α and Z 1-
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Table 6 : Sample size requirements
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equired. In this case, the pros and
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Should one- or two-tailed z-score v
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Other measurement issues for BSS Th
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A “low-tech” solution to the pr
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5 Weighting in multi-stage sampling
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Figure 6 : Procedures for calculati
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Calculating weights from sampling p
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Calculating standard errors with mu
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6 Adapting and using questionnaires
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Some attempts have in the past been
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Informed consent Confidentiality an
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GUIDELINES FOR REPEATED BEHAVIORAL
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Recommended Methods of Statistical
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where n is the sample size in the d
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Table 2 : Reported number of non-re
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False conclusions: the danger of co
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Analysis of trends in behavior over
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Changes in sampling methodology ove
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8 Using the data collected to impro
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Improving prevention programs As a
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Finally, information about HIV and
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Figure 9 : HIV and STD prevalence,
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9 Indicators This guide identifies
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The standard questionnaires are acc
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INDICATORS Page INDICATORS FOR YOUT
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INDICATORS Page INDICATORS FOR MEN
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KEY INDICATORS What follows is a fu
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The indicator uses promoted data. O
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To be counted the numerator for thi
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Strengths and limitations Some meas
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Adult Indicator 5 Consistent condom
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Adult Indicator 7 (men only) Number
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Adult Indicator 9 Consistent condom
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Adult Indicator 11 Population seeki
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Adult Indicator 12 Exposure to inte
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Youth Indicator 2 No incorrect beli
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Youth Indicator 4 Youth sexually ac
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Youth Indicator 6 Number of sexual
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Youth Indicator 8 Consistent condom
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Youth Indicator 10 Commercial sex a
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Youth Indicator 14 Exposure to inte
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Female Sex Worker Indicator 2 No in
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Female Sex Worker Indicator 5 Sex w
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Indicators for men who have sex wit
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Men Who Have Sex With Men Indicator
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Men who have sex with men Indicator
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Indicators for injecting drug users
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Injecting Drug User Indicator 3 Inj
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Injecting Drug User Indicator 8 Dru
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Injecting Drug User Indicator 10 Dr
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Suggested Reading Brown T, Sittitra
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QUESTIONNAIRE For Adult Target Grou
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The ADULT questionnaire includes th
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FHI 1999 HIV/AIDS/STD BEHAVIORAL SU
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POSSIBLE ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS Commu
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STD Treatment seeking behaviors No.
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STD Treatment seeking behaviors (co
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QUESTIONNAIRE For Unmarried Male An
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The YOUTH questionnaire includes th
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No. Questions and filters Coding ca
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Stigma and Discrimination No. Quest
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FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL (FHI) H
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STD Treatment seeking behaviors No.
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STD Treatment seeking behaviors (co
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QUESTIONNAIRE For Men Who Have Sex
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The MSM questionnaire includes the
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STD Treatment seeking behaviours No
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No. Questions and filters Coding ca
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QUESTIONNAIRE For Injecting Drug Us
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This questionnaire includes the fol
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EXAMPLE OF SUPERVISORS’ AND INTER
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A “take-all” approach is to be
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• To probe for additional informa
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Part B: How to use the Long Distanc
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An example of a question for which
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Part C: Section-by-section review o
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Q109. If the respondent says he/she
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it is asking if the respondent has
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Section 5 : Non-regular partners Q5
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Q706 : This question determines the
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Q910 - Q912 : Knowledge of maternal
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in riskier behavior (i.e., not usin
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Section 5 : Non-paying partners Que
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3 APPENDIX WORKING EXAMPLES OF SAMP
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For the purposes of the BSS, the ke
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The second stage sampling procedure
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Notes: 1. It may not always be poss
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The information from the mapping ex
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In Figure 3, clusters were chosen b
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Fieldwork assignments when the “t
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Figure 4 : Example of targeted snow
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In some settings it may not be acce
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Figure 6 : Steps in using the segme
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Figure 9 : Map of hypothetical samp
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In-class sampling of school youth T
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Alternative to “in-class” sampl
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found at the various locations at d
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What should be done if, even after
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FIELDWORK FORMS The following set o
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Form I Cluster Selection Sheet (Pro
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Form 2 Cluster Selection Sheet (Equ
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Form 3 Assignment Information Sheet
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Form 4 Cluster Information Sheet Su
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TABLE OF CHI-SQUARE STATISTICS AND
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Step 2 : Calculate the expected num
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