Shalom! Shalom! Talmidim! (Hello! Hello! Students!) - Heart of Wisdom

Shalom! Shalom! Talmidim! (Hello! Hello! Students!)
Wording is reprinted with permission of Eerdman’s Publishers, Grand Rapids, Michigan
from the book Our Father Abraham by Dr. Marvin Wilson (2001). The book may be
purchased at any Christian bookstore or any of HaY’Did Learning Center’s associates in
ministry. Its ordering number from a bookstore is ISBN 0-8028-0423-3. Our website
http://www.haydid.org has other teaching information available. There are also teaching
links to other sources of interest. Materials contained within this workbook are
copyrighted, and may not be duplicated, distributed or copied in any form without express
written permission of Cheryle or Tom Holeman. A laborer is worthy of his hire. Materials
are excerpted from Dr. Marvin R. Wilson’s book Our Father Abraham are also
copyrighted and may not be duplicated without Dr. Wilson’s and also Eerdman’s
permission. All rights reserved. Please honor the legal requirements of this text.
We wish to express our thanks to Dr. Marvin Wilson for his friendship and guidance in the
development of this teaching tool. TODAH RABBAH!
We wish to thank those volunteers that have helped with this workbook through their various
efforts of editing and suggestions of content. We render this workbook unto the Most High as
a tool for His Kingdom without glory to the individual, but may it be counted in the World to
Come as a good work. Thank you for your prayers of support and love, and may the
boundaries of your territory be widen for the purpose of His Kingdom.
HaY’Did’s website contains an extensive teaching base for the student. Links have been
established to other websites that also teaching the background of the Bible of the First
Century. We invite you to visit and to duplicate materials that will supplement this workbook.
All that we ask in payment is an email telling us what you have selected, and how you plan on
using it. A Statement of Faith and Tolerance may be found on our website for your
information about this ministry. These Statements are there to guide the student in knowing
our hearts.
Mission Statement of HaY’Did Learning Center: To train, educate and equip for study both
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the Jew and the Non-Jew in the rich Biblical Heritage.
May We Recommend ....
We get emails and letters all the time wanting to know what
step is next in the studying of the things taught in Our Father
Abraham. Groups enjoy the book so much that they want to
continue studying in this line of studying. One of the greatest
resources that we can recommend is a video series titled That
the World May Know published by Focus on the Family. We
sell this excellent 32 lesson series and highly recommend it to
you and your study mates.
In all the sets you will go on site to Israel or Turkey with a Christian historical teacher,
Dr. Ray Vander Lann, to learn about the geography, culture, history, language and
archaeology. By studying these things you will enhance your walk as a Christian, and
deepen your relationship with The Lord Jesus Christ.
This video series comes to you in a plastic case that contains two video tapes of 5-7
lessons, Leader’s Guide, and fantastic colored overheads. Why overheads? Because
they can be used inside of plastic sleeves for small group viewing, and, also on an
overhead projector. These overheads are drawings, illustrations, maps, and photo
graphs that enhance the student’s learning experience. The Leader’s Guide expands
each of the lessons from the average running time of 20-30 minutes, to as much as
three hours of teaching on that particular topic. The video lessons are designed to be
independent of the other lessons, so you may view them in any order. An indepth
description of each video lesson is on our website http://www.haydid.org/focus.htm
The cost is from $70-120 per set plus shipping. Entire set is available! Free shipping
if you order at least four of the five sets at one time (USA ONLY).
The first two sets are about Old Testament topics that bring Jesus to life within that
particular lesson. Sets 3 and 4 are New Testament lessons about Jesus as the
Messiah. Set 5 is The Early Church in Asia Minor. You will see those early Christians
within the light of their culture and better understand what Paul and John were
speaking about. An enhancement of the Book of Revelation is brought to the
student’s mind while traveling on site to see just how pagan these pagan believer’s
were, and the challenges that they had to overcome within the pagan society. Set 5
does not contain the overheads, but it is an excellent place to start your studies for
only $70 plus shipping.
We have seen this series used in Sunday schools, Vacation Bible Schools, Daycares,
homeschool groups, families, and even on Sunday or Wednesday nights of church
meetings.
If you would like to order a set, please call our office. 1-918-486-4666, or drop us an
email at shalom@haydid.org Do ask about availability of the lessons as these sets
are in limited supply. IF you wish to speak to one of us directly, please call after 6
pm. I am a college student and my husband is an engineer. Email is the best first
contact with us, and we do respond as soon as we return home.
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Shalom in Messiah Yeshua/Jesus,
Cheryle and Tom Holeman
Preface Review Worksheets: pp. xv-xxi
Our Father Abraham Workbook
May we suggest that if more than one person will be using this book, that you may wish
to write your answers on separate sheets of paper. We have included the answer key in
the back of this workbook. We also encourage you to do further exploration of this
topic, and that learning to use the bibliography at the end of the book would help you
expand your own home library. Many of the books may even be at your local public library or can be
found through an inter-library loan system.
Part I: True or False
1. The roots of Christianity run deep into Hebrew soil.
2. The Christian seminaries, colleges and other educational institutions have not produced
professional clergy, teachers, and lay leaders with a well-rounded, balanced education.
3. Study of the Hebrew world of the Mediterranean has been neglected, or deemed optional.
4. It is time for the Church to have a renewed biblical vision.
5. "Heritage" means to convey or hand down from generation to generation.
6. There has been a notable lack of study materials for classroom use on these topics.
7. Our Father Abraham (OFA) is an introduction to the world of Hebrew thought.
8. Our Father Abraham (OFA) was written only to the Jews.
9. Our Father Abraham (OFA) was written as a fairy tale.
10. Our Father Abraham (OFA) is a work about history, biblical, and cultural study and learning
how to think in Hebraic thought.
Part II: Fill in the Blank:
1. This quest for Jewish roots may be to some.
2. These pages have a contemporary application: they are a call for Christians to reexamine their
Jewish roots so as to effect a more authentically
lifestyle.
3. Our Father Abraham (OFA)'s title describes the main thrust of this book: an exposition on what it
means for today's Church to be part of Abraham's
family.
4. The overall aim of the author, Dr. Marvin Wilson, is to challenge all readers to a deeper appreciation
of our
heritage.
5. There are five main sections to this book. They are: Part 1 deals with what it means for Gentiles to
be spiritual. Gentiles are grafted into and supported by Israel. Part 2 focuses on
-Jewish relations throughout two thousand years of history. Part 3 seeks to establish the importance of
the Testament and other backgrounds and teachings of the New Testament. Part 4 contains
several
studies where Hebrew heritage heavily influences the Church. Part 5 is a
chapter.
6. There are study questions at the of each chapter. They also appear in this workbook.
Please be prepared to write the answer to only 1-2 of these questions as your teacher directs.
7. In the back of the book, you will find these 8 sections: 1.
2. 3. 4.
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5. 6. 7.
8. .
OPTIONAL ACTIVITY
Part III: Check it our for yourself! Biblical Studies: We ask you to do this exercise to (1) reinforce
that what is being taught in this book IS biblical, and (2) to let those of you that may be unfamiliar
with the Bible, to learn to use it as a study tool. These scriptures do not appear in the answer key.
You may use additional paper for your answers if we have not left enough room for you to write. A
review of Romans 9-11 is encouraged at this time. Please be sure to read Romans 11 especially!
These 3 chapters of Romans are the most neglected chapters in our Bible today.
Question: Which Bible translation is the best? Answer: The one that you will read! Please write here what translation
of the Bible you will be quoting from:
You may want to explore who, what,
when, where and how your translation of the Bible came about. Usually that information is contained in the Bible itself.
The preface may contain this information. Often times we forget that our English Bible is the result of men who have
translated it from the original Hebrew/Greek. It is their opinion that is reflected in that translation. Many translations
did not use the oldest manuscripts for their interpretation. Sometimes they translated with another purpose in mind. You
will want to explore the topic of Canonization of the Bible in encyclopedias. I would suggest that your public library
may have more information on the subject of the history of different Bible translations.. General Topic to explore: Canon
of the Bible and translation. history.
1. Write Luke 1:73 here:
2. Write John 8:53 here:
3. Write Acts 7:2 here:
4. Write Romans 11:17-24 here:
5. Write Galatians 3:7 here:
6. Write Galatians 3:29 here:
7. Write Romans 4:16 here:
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Our Father Abraham Workbook
If you wish to learn Hebrew please contact HaKesher Ministries at 9939 South 71 st East Avenue,
Tulsa, OK 74133-5338
918-298-2515.And you can find them on the web at http://www.HaKesher.org.
Part I "A New People: Abraham's Spiritual Children”
Chapter One: The Root and Branches pgs 3-17
Please write Romans 11:8 (a & b) here: (If you haven't read Romans 11, now is the time to do it.)
Matching:
1. Israel's faith is deeply imbedded in A. history
2. Knowledge of beginnings is central to B. in the beginning
3. The book of Genesis means what in Hebrew? C. Abraham
4. Both Genesis and the New Testament begin with D. biblical thought
5. Jesus' genealogy is traced back to E. genealogy
6. Abram (Abraham) was a descendent of F. Shem
7. Shem was the son of G. Hebrew
8. Abraham was the first person in the Bible to be called a H. Hebrew nation
9. All Jews trace their ancestry to Abraham as the father of the I. Noah
10. God told Abraham that he would inherit the land of J. Canaan
Fill in the Blank:
1. Look at the bottom of page 4. You will notice a separate section in a smaller print. This
is called a "footnote" and is put there for further clarification of what you are reading.
Now read that section and answer this question: Hebrew and Hebraic will be used in this
book to refer to the linguistic (language) and cultural dimensions of the _______ people.
In other words, the term "Hebrew" will refer to their language or their___________.
2. (See page 4) What did God promise Abraham? List the 3 sections of Abraham's call:
a.
b.
c.
3. (See page 4) Look at Acts 3:25 and Acts 3:12. Tell how the Gentiles share in the
Abrahamic kinship.
4. Many Christians seem to have little knowledge about their _____________ roots.
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5. (See page 4) What question should Christians be asking?
6. How does one "work out" their salvation (Phil. 2:12)? We must examine the framework
of the Bible. We must enter their _________and become conversant with their _______.
7. Hellenism is defined on page 5 as:_______________________. The eyes of Judaism
would be reflected in __________________ thought and culture.
8. The background to the Gospels and the life and teachings of Jesus are ______________.
9. W. D. Davies argues that ___________must be understood as one who belonged to the
mainstream of first-century Rabbinic ____________. W. D. Davies also believed that
Paul was primarily governed both in life and thought by ____________concepts." In other
words, Paul was a Pharisee.
10. Scholars have different opinions on a wide variety of discussion points. We see on pages 6-7
that Dr. Wilson shows us one of these discussions. We see that Barr expresses that culture has
no direct bearing on the language of people. Dr. Wilson disagrees. What is Dr. Wilson's
opinion on why Barr is wrong on this issue? (See page 7) This may be orally expressed if you
choose not to write this answer. Note: Books are listed in the text of OFA that you may wish
to order at some future date. Please! Check out the things that are discussed here for yourself!
You are responsible for checking out what people tell you. Do NOT accept everything that is
discussed without checking. Pray for a spirit of discernment.
Since this book was published, Dr. Brad Young has written Paul the Jewish Theologian that is available from his
ministry, Gospel Research Foundation, P.O. Box 703101, Tulsa, OK 74170, or from any bookstore. He has
published other books that you may wish to study. C. H.
11. "In sum, contemporary Christians have strong reasons to question any approach to
__________which finds the primary roots of his theology in Hellenism, Gnosticism, or
mystery religions."
12. As you study the Jewish roots of your faith through Jewish glasses, you will be able to
recognize just how Jewish Paul was in his teachings. "Paul upheld the goodness of the Jewish
tradition of __________." Only through an in-depth study of Paul as a Hebrew can we see him
as a rabbi. "Paul's theology was essentially ___________ , albeit in his letters dressed in Greek
words."
13. "If we are to interpret the Bible correctly, we must become attuned to this __________ setting
in the ancient Near East. Thus we must look primarily not to Athens but to ___________for
the biblical view of reality."
14. Who are our tutors to Christ? ______________Who are not our tutors______________?.
15. What language did Israel speak and write?
16. What did the Hebrews have in common with the world around them? (One sentence answer.)
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17. practiced circumcision before the Hebrews practiced this rite.
18. The wisdom literature of the Old Testament seems similar to the poetry of Egypt and
________.
19. The book of Deuteronomy reflects the direct influence of the suzerain ____________formulas
of the______________.
20.The ____________ offered animal sacrifices before the Hebrews arrived in the promised land.
21. A Phoenician architect named ________________of Tyre designed the Temple of Solomon.
22. Paul knew extra biblical sources. In Acts 17: 16-33, Paul is in what town? ___________What
topic did these Greeks not accept that Paul discussed with them? ____________________.
23. Paul also discusses in Titus 1:12 a pagan Cretan poet named_________________________.
24. The Hebrews differed in one way from their neighbors when it came to borrowing. What was that
one way_______________________________________________________________.
25. The Hebrews rubbed shoulders with other cultures. Name 4 other cultures that had contact
with the Hebrews that are mentioned on page 11: a. ______________ b. _________________,
c. _____________________________ d. ______________________________.
26. Give 4 ways that the Hebrews were to be different than the people around them: a__________,
b._________________, c.______________________ , d. ____________________________ .
27. What added to the uniqueness of the Israelite faith and helped it to be maintained for all this time?
28. The early Church would have thought _________________________ .
29.Hebrew culture and language gave birth to and nourished
_________________________.
30. IF you haven't read Romans 11, then its time to get that Bible out and start reading! Here's a few
questions for over Romans 11.
a. Did Paul tell the Gentiles that the Jew was forever written out of God's plan? Yes or No
b. What did Paul warn the Gentile NOT to do (Romans 11:18-20)
c. Who are the wild branches? Israel or Gentiles?
d. We are to be grafted into the olive tree. Are we to destroy the olive tree?
e. We are to share in the nourishing ___________ of the olive tree.
f. Who is the olive tree?
g. Who are the in-grafted branches?
h. Is our fate bound with Israel?
i. What should Israel provide to us?
j. What should we provide for Israel?
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k. Is the Jew permanently put aside by God?
l. What are we to do to the Jew?
m. Why would Paul use an olive tree as an illustration to these Romans? (See page 13)
31. The olive tree is very important to the understanding of Paul's metaphor when comparing this work
of
God and how we fit together with the Jew. By comparing us to wild olive branches, Paul is
explaining
God's
towards the Gentile. The Gentiles receive value by being connected to
the
Jews. (In other words without the Jews we are not properly nourished. C.)
32. See page 15 "In Paul's view any church which exists independently of
_________________ceases
therein to be the church as a part of God's salvation plan and becomes simply another
____________.
33. See page 15 _________________ is the root that supports you (verse 18).
34 "One may say that for a Gentile to have a right relation to God he must humbly accept and
appreciate a
____________book (the Bible), believe in a Jewish Lord (Jesus), and be grafted into a people.
35. Page 16 Abraham Heschel said: "The vital issue for the __________________ is to decide whether
to
look for roots in Judaism and consider itself an extension of Judaism, or to look for roots in pagan
_____________And consider itself as an antithesis to Judaism."
OPTIONAL ACTIVITY
Part III: Check it out for yourself! Biblical Studies: We ask you to do this exercise to (1) reinforce
that what is being taught in this book IS Biblical, and (2) to let those of you that may be unfamiliar
with the Bible, to learn to use it as a study tool. These scriptures do not appear in the answer key.
You may use additional paper for your answers if we have not left enough room for you to write. If
your leader prefers that you read the scriptures aloud instead of writing them out, that is permitted.
Book Suggestion: An excellent resource to have on hand for your studies of the Old Testament is Old
Testament Survey ($30 approximately) by Dr William LaSor. It may be purchased from any bookstore
or you may contact Hay’Did ministries for a copy. This excellent textbook will bring insight into your
studies of the Old Testament through Hebrew eyes. C. H.
1. Please write Genesis 14:13 here:
2. Please write Isaiah 51:1-2 here:
3. Please write Genesis 12:7 here:
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4. Please write Genesis 13:15 here:
5. Please write Genesis 17:8 here:
6. Please write Acts 3:25 here:
7. Please write Acts 3:12 here:
8. Please write Genesis 12:3 here:
9. Please write Genesis 13:16 here:
10. Please write Genesis 15:5 here:
11. Please write Genesis 12:3 here:
12. Please write Galatians 3:8-9 here:
13. Please write Galatians 3:29 here:
14. Please write John 8:52 here:
15. Please write Acts 7:2 here:
16. Please write James 2:23 here:
17. Please write James 2:23-23 here:
18. Please write 2 Chronicles 20:7 here:
19. Please write Romans 4:9-12 here:
20. Please write Hebrews 11:8 here:
21. Please write Hebrews 12:1 here:
22. Please write Romans 12:2 here:
23. Please write Philippians 2:12 here:
24. Please write Romans 11:13 here:
25. Please write Romans 11:16-20 here:
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Our Father Abraham Workbook
Chapter Two: Gentiles, Jews and Jewish Heritage pp 19-35
Fill in the Blanks:
1. You are no longer foreigners and aliens, but _____________ citizens __________ God’s
people and members of God’s household. Ephesians 2:19
2. It is impossible to be anti-Semitic or anti-____________ and take the Bible seriously;
otherwise one engages in a form of ___________________. For the Christian, the Old and
the New Testaments are simply ________________________________.
3. Spiritually melded into Israel, the _____________ was built upon a ______________
foundation of __________________ apostles and prophets, with a _____________ Lord
as its chief ____________________________ (see Eph. 2:20).
4. Indeed, as one Christian scholar explains, “to the extent that we propagate this view in our
preaching and our teaching, we are guilty of __________________________.”
5. Paul emphasizes that the ______________ sign of belonging to the seed of Abraham is
not physical but _____________________ (Romans 2:28-29). It involves circumcision of
the ______________ rather than earning one’s way into the family by
_________________________ achievement.
6. This teaching of Paul is nothing new, however; _______________ and the prophets taught
the same thing. (If you haven’t read Deut. 10: 16; or Jer. 4:4 then we suggest that you read
them now.)
7. Judaism does not teach that participation in the olam ha-ba,
________________________” is achieved by ________________, but through the
gratuitous _________________ of God.
8. The term “goyim” means _____________. They are described as those who
_____________________ to demons (I Cor. 10:19,20), those who worship
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_____________, and those of a pagan _______________ ethic (Acts 15: 23-29).
9. But once they no longer stand on the side of those whose lives revolve around heathen
_________________ practices.
10. Proselyte baptism was a graphic reminder of this fact. The candidate, fully naked,
_______________________ himself in the waters, symbolically ______________ himself
from antecedent ________________________. His past behind him, he emerged to take
his stand ______________ the people of ________________.
11. As noted in the chapter (page 22) Peter refers to his readers (who are largely non-Jewish)
as ____________________, ________________, ______________,
_____________________________, ___________________
12. Those “called out” is another term for the word ________________________.
13. What is the corresponding term for the Hebrew term of ma’aminim? ___________.
14. “It is unfortunate, however, that modern Christianity has too often laid claim to a vast
heritage from the past about which it has remained largely _________________.”
True or False
15. _____ It is easy for Christians living in the USA, Canada and the British Isles to get into
the Hebrew mind.
16. _____ The homeland for the Hebrew people is in the ancient near east.
17. _____ Westerners have been greatly influenced by the Greek philosophers and culture.
18. _____ Plato was a Hebrew philosopher.
19. _____ A colossal cultural curtain has not separated the West from the East.
20. _____ The Bible is a Hebrew book, telling the story of the Hebrew people.
21. _____ We need not develop Hebrew attitudes towards life.
22. _____ Seeing things through eastern eyes does not help us understand the Bible.
23. _____ The Bible will make more sense if we read it the way it was written.
24. _____ We need not know about eastern cultural context or Near Eastern settings.
25. _____ The Bible is a Jewish book. It cannot be read and understood and expounded unless
we are prepared to become Jews with the Jews.
Fill in the blanks:
26. In Biblical times, Judaizers were ________ converts who followed the religious practices
and customs of ________________.
27. Paul refutes in the Book of Romans that the notion that once a person comes to a right
standing with God by _________ he no longer has an ______________ to the Law but is
free to live as he pleases.
28. Other gentile converts held to the moral code of Judaism but were not bound by the
_________________ laws. These believers were most likely influenced by the Greekspeaking
_________________ Jews from the Diaspora who were of a more
____________ spirit.
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29. The Jerusalem church group appears to have upheld the whole teaching of the Law except
for _________________________.
30. The strictest group of gentile converts in the upholding of Jewish Law was the so-called
______________________. These gentiles were greatly influenced by the
____________________ and submitted to the entire Law, including
____________________ (Acts 15:5).
31. The _______________, a Jewish-Christian sect which flourished for several centuries
after A. D. 70, are most likely a continuing reflection of the _______________ movement.
32. An ascetic group, committed to ______________ as a life-style, the Ebionites upheld the
whole Jewish Law but ____________ Paul’s letters on the grounds that he was an apostate
from the Law.
33. The early Church never imposed any of these Jewish _____________ practices on non-
Jews. Thus if a non-Jew does feel compelled to observe certain Jewish practices, that
compulsion may be interpreted as _________________.
34. When a non-Jew adopts moral and ethical values, social and spiritual ideals, and an
overall orientation toward life and the world that is Hebraic, this is not ______________.
(Personal note from the author: My husband and I adopted an older boy many years ago.
He’s grown up to be a fine adult, but we had to start at the ground floor with everything.
We adopted him at age 8 so much of his character had been molded long before we got
him. The first day that we had him, we had to discuss our lives with him. He looked us in
the face and asked, “Okay, so we don’t steal? What else don’t we do?” I often think that
this kind of conversation was one that the early gentile believers had to have with their
Jewish teachers. “Okay, so we don’t steal …what else don’t we do?” A great set of videos
that teach about “how pagan were these pagans?” is a set known as That the World May
Know. They are produced by Focus on the Family and Dr. James Dobson. The best set of
videos is titled “The Early Church” (Set V). I would encourage you to see our website at
http://www.haydid.org/focus.htm for more information on ordering these sets.
35. A non-Jew may choose ______________________ to conform to certain observances,
celebrations, or customs, which are both Jewish and rooted in Scripture. Such practice is
___________ necessarily ___________________. Following a meaningful biblical
custom is far different from being bound by a ____________ practice.
If you haven’t answered these questions as you read the questions presented on page 26,
please answer them now for yourself.
36. Is it Judaizing to seek to reconstruct certain aspects of the first-century Jewish context of
the New Testament and early Church?
37. Is it Judaizing to find personal fulfillment by adopting a perspective on God and one’s
neighbor that emerges from the teaching of the Hebrew prophets?
38. Is it Judaizing to resonate positively to a Jewish pattern of worship, music, and celebration
of special events in life?
39. Is it Judaizing to find in modern Israel ---within its people and the historic land itself---that
which you deeply care, a veritable laboratory filled with spiritual and historic meaning?
40. Paul rebuked Peter in Antioch because Peter was practicing social ______________. Peter
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was basically saying in effect to these non-Jewish believers, “Unless you conform to
___________ dietary laws and a Jewish life-style, we ______________ maintain
fellowship with you.” By Peter’s withdrawal, Peter, a ______________, was compelling
these Gentiles to _________________--that is, to follow Jewish customs.
41. Paul was against imposing a strict _________________ dietary code on non-Jews. Such a
requirement might have implied that the belief of non-Jews was ________________ in
comparison with that of ____________ believers that something else had to be added to
their commitment to faith.
42. Thus Paul was ______________ to Judaizing, for it had the potential of distorting
_____________ by ____________ alone and of being an argument for developing
______________ separate assemblies—one for Jews and one for non-Jews.
43. Furthermore, in the coming of Jesus of Nazareth and through the new covenant set in
motion by his death, the ritual and ceremonial aspects of Mosaic Law were no longer
__________ binding.
44. Yet they could have been of ______________ value to the gentile believers. That is,
although they were _______ mandatory for a _________ relationship with God, they
could have helped the ________________ to understand their ____________ properly.
45. But again, it is important to stress that these laws were ___________ prescriptive of
obligatory. Rather they were but shadows of the things to come. Thus Christians were now
___________ from the responsibility of Jewish ceremonial ordinations (Acts 15:10; Gal.
4:3, 5:1).
True or False
46.___ Galatians 4:4 says that Jesus was born under the Law.
47.___ Jesus did not recognize the authority of the Law over His life.
48. ___ Romans 3:31 says that we should uphold the law.
49.___ Paul quotes from the Law some 80 times to establish the authority of his arguments.
50.___ Paul says that he delights in God’s Law in Romans 7:22.
51.___ Paul recognized the Law as “good” in 1Tim. 1:8.
52.___ Paul builds his theology by drawing heavily on the Old Testament Decalogue in
Romans 13: 8-10.
53. ___Walter Kaiser points out that the problem is not with the Law, but with people.
54. ___Kaiser points out that it’s the context of those who tried to use conformity to the Law
as a basis for self-righteousness. In other words, people take things out of context to
prove their own point instead of reading things within the context of what is being said.
55. ___To Paul, Christ alone was God’s gift of righteousness to the sinner.
56. ___To Paul, all other gifts are considered worthless.
Fill in the Blanks:
57. Did this mean that Paul threw out his Jewishness and became as those from the non-
Jewish world who had become believers in Jesus of Nazareth? _________
58. Paul felt at ______________ to adhere to the regulations of the _________ Law in
matters such as _______________, the ____________ Vow, and ________________
ritual.
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59. Towards the end of Paul’s third missionary journey, Paul, still faithful to _____________,
wanted to get to ___________________ by __________________.
60. Paul seems to have no objection in his writings to Jewish Christians _________________
to keep various ceremonies of the Law, since this was a way of demonstrating their
__________________ with their kinsmen in the _____________ community at large.
61. In any case, ____________ was not unconditionally bound, except to
______________________________. For, like Moses, the prophets, and ___________,
right standing before ______________ was not something mechanically achieved by
__________________ effort.
62. Rather, it was _________________ with God by __________, in obedience and love.
Jewish Heritage and Today’s Church
Fill in the Blanks:
63. The writers were _____________, the culture is _____________, the religion is
_____________, and the _______________ are Hebrew.
When you start studying the Bible you need to understand that it is a conceptual language and
that the Jews painted vivid pictures in many layers. When they would hear one verse, they
would automatically connect that verse to another verse, and so forth, much like weaving a
garment. We have not been taught how to weave the things that Paul was addressing properly
into a garment that gives an accurate picture of what the people of Paul’s day would have
seen. Its much like a teenager today listening to their great grandparents talk about the
Depression. They can’t imagine it being that bad! But when you give them a book or videos of
that time period and educate them about it, then they begin to understand what it might have
been like. Many Bible teachers skip Romans 9-11 entirely. This is like leaving out a major
piece of the fabric! We must understand what the people of that time would have understood
was being said! If we go from Romans 8 to Chapter 12, we have woven the garment
incorrectly. Let us now examine what Paul was saying to the believers in Rome. Paul weaves
the fabric by using the Hebrew Bible to support his points.
Open your Bible to Romans 9-11. Take a moment to read Romans 9:1-5. What word ends
Romans 9:5 and Romans 11:36? ________. Paul has just said a prayer over this section! This
must be very important if Paul is praying over this section!!
Please fill in the blanks from your Bible:
Part I: Romans 11:1: I say then, Hath God cast away his people? (a) ______ For I also am an
(b)________________, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin. 2 God hath
(c)______ cast away his people, which he foreknew.
Know ye not what the scripture saith of Elijah? [Paul is quoting the Old Testament to
believers in Rome!) How he maketh intercession to God against Israel, saying, 3 Lord, they
have killed thy prophets, and digged down thine altars; and I am left alone, and they seek my
life. 4 But what saith the answer of God unto him? I have reserved to (d) ____________ seven
thousand men, who have not bowed the knee to the image of Baal. 5 Even so then at this
14

present time also there is a (e) ______________ according to the election of (f)_________. 6
And if by (g) ____________, then is it (h) _____ ______ of works: otherwise (i) is no more
(j) ____________. But if it be of works, then is it no more (k) ________: otherwise work is no
more work. 7 What then? Israel hath not obtained that which he seeketh for; but the (l)
___________ hath obtained it, and the rest were (m) ___________ 8 (According as it is
written, God hath given them the spirit of slumber, eyes that they should not see, and ears that
they should not hear; [See Deuteronomy 29: 4 and Isaiah 29: 10 in the Hebrew Bible. Israel
was told that this would someday happen!!) unto this day.
9 And David saith (Paul is referring to Psalm 69:22, 23 in the Hebrew Bible), Let their table
be made a snare, and a trap, and a stumbling block, and a recompense unto them: 10 Let their
eyes be darkened, that they may not see, and bow down their back always.
Romans 11:11: I say then, Have they stumbled that they should fall? (n) ______ _______!:
but rather through their fall (o) _____________ is come unto the (p) _______________, for
to provoke them to (q) ____________. Them be the riches of the world, and the diminishing
of them the riches of the Gentiles; how much more their (r ) ___________________? 13 For I
speak to you Gentiles, inasmuch as I am the apostle of the Gentiles, I magnify mine office: 14
If by any means I may provoke to emulation them which are my flesh, and might save (s)
______________ of them. 15 For if the casting away of them be the reconciling of the world,
what shall the (t) _____________ of them be, but life from the dead? 16 For if the firstfruit be
holy, the lump is also holy: and if the root be holy, so are the (u) ______________. 17 And if
some of the branches be broken off, and thou, being a wild olive tree, wert (v) ___________
in among them, and with them partakest of the root and fatness of the olive tree; 18 (w)
_______________ not against the branches. But if thou boast, thou bearest not the root, but
the root thee.
Part II: Romans
11:19 Thou wilt say then, The branches were broken off, that I might be grafted in. 20 Well;
because of (a) _____________ they were (b) _____________ ________, and thou standest by
(c) __________. Be not (d) _________________, but fear: 21 For if God spared (e) _______
the (f) __________________ branches, take heed lest he also spare not (g) ______. 22 Behold
therefore the goodness and severity of God: on them, which fell, (h) ___________ ; but
toward thee, (I ) ______________, if thou (j) ______________ in his goodness: otherwise
thou also shalt be (k) __________ ______. 23 And they also, if they abide not still in (l)
__________, (m) _____________ be grafted in: for God is (n) __________ to graft them in
again. 24 For if thou wert cut out of the olive tree which is wild by nature, and wert grafted
contrary to nature into a good olive tree: how much more shall these, which be the natural
branches, be grafted into their (o) __________ olive tree? 25 For I would not, brethren, that
ye should be ignorant of this mystery, lest ye should be wise in your own (p) _________; that
(q)_____________ in (r ) ________ is happened to Israel, until the (s) ___________ of the (t)
___________ be come in. 26 And so (u) _____ Israel shall be saved: as it is written, There
shall come out of Zion the Deliverer, and shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob: 27 For this
is (v) ____ covenant unto them, when I shall take away their sins. 28 As concerning the
gospel, they are enemies for your sakes: but as (w) __________ the election, they are (x)
15

_____________ for the fathers' sakes. 29 For the gifts and calling of God are (y)
_____________ repentance. 30 For as ye in times past have not believed God, yet have now
obtained (z) __________ through (aa) _______ unbelief: 31 Even so have these also now not
believed, that through your (bb) __________ they also may obtain mercy. 32 For God hath
concluded them all in unbelief, that he might have mercy upon all. 33 O the depth of the
riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! how unsearchable are (cc)__________
judgments, and his (dd) _________ past finding out! 34 For who hath known the mind of the
Lord? or who hath been his counselor? 35 Or who hath first given to him, and it shall be
recompensed unto him again? 36 For of him, and through him, and to him, are all things: to
whom be glory for ever. Amen.
Multiple Choice:
____1. Most important single source for understanding the New Testament is
(a) Apocrypha;
(b) Josephus;
(c) Jewish Scriptures known as the Old Testament;
(d) Greek Philosophers.
____2. The Greek translation of the Bible is known as
(a) The New King James Version;
(b) Septuagint;
(c) Jewish Apocrypha
(d) Christology.
____3. Jewish writings that were produced between 200 B. C. and A. D. 100 that are a
valuable source of study is known as
(a) Greek Philosophy;
(b) Josephus;
(c) Jewish apocalyptic literature;
(d) Mishnah.
____4. Documents known as the Manual of Discipline, The War of the Sons of Light Against
the Sons of Darkness, and the Temple Scroll are known as
(a) The Dead Sea Scrolls;
(b) Greek Philosophy;
(c) Jewish apocalyptic literature;
(d) Septuagint.
____5. Valuable intertestamental sources that shed historical and religious light on the
Judaism of New Testament times, is known as
(a) the Apocrypha;
(b) Mishnah;
(c) Josephus;
16

(d) Septuagint.
____6. Aramaic paraphrases of books or passages of the Hebrew Bible produced from about
the third century B. C. to the third century A. D. are known as
(a) the Apocrypha;
(b) Targums;
(c) Mishnah;
(d) Septuagint.
____7. A major collection of Jewish sources useful to New Testament research is known as
(a) rabbinic literature;
(b) Greek Philosophy;
(c) Septuagint;
(d) Christology.
____8. The Mishnah is also known as
(a) Greek Philosophy;
(b) Jewish Oral Law;
(c) writings of Josephus;
(d) Septuagint.
____9. The Talmud is comprised of
(a) the Mishnah and Gemara;
(b) Josephus’ writing;
(c) Septuagint and Greek Philosophers;
(d) Dead Sea Scrolls.
____10. The Gemara was compiled about A. D. 500 and is the
(a) Dead Sea Scrolls;
(b) Septuagint;
(c) Targums;
(d) a commentary on the Mishnah.
____11. The Midrashim is a Jewish source that are
(a) homiletical commentaries;
(b) Greek Philosophers;
(c) another name for the Talmud;
(d) Aramaic paraphrases.
____12. Examples of Midrashim are:
(a) practical exposition;
(b) parables;
(c) allegories;
(d) didactic stories;
17

(e) a, b, c, and d.
____13. Christianity embraces
(a) only one authoritative source;
(b) many sources;
(c) Jewish sources on a daily basis;
(d) The Apocrypha and the Jewish sources.
____14. Judaism embraces
(a) many sources;
(b) only one authoritative source;
(c) Christian sources;
(d) Western Greek Philosophers.
____15. The bedrock of Judaism is
(a) The New Testament;
(b) The Torah;
(c) Apocrypha;
(d) Midrash.
____16. The heritage of Christianity is
(a) Judaism;
(b) Greek Philosophy;
(c) the Apocrypha;
(d) Mishnah
.
____17. A good definition for Judaism is
(a) the religion and culture of Greece;
(b) the religion and culture of the Jewish people;
(c) the religion and culture of Rome;
(d) the religion and culture of the USA.
____18. Jewish civilization includes
(a) the history, political, and social culture of the Jews;
(b) Greek philosophers;
(c) a and b;
(d) neither a or b.
____19. Today’s Judaism is
(a) the same as it was 2000 years ago;
(b) rabbinic Judaism;
(c) a and b;
(d) neither a or b.
18

____20. The four pillars on which Judaism rests today are
(a) Greek philosophy,
(b) God;
(c) Torah;
(d) people of Israel;
(e) land of Israel;
(f) b, c, d and e;
(g) none of these.
Our Father Abraham Workbook
Part II- Church and Synagogue in the Light of History
Chapter Three: The Earliest Church and Judaism pp 39-51
Fill in the Blank
1. Did Jesus have a Jewish upbringing? Yes ____ NO __ Give scriptural references to
prove or disprove your answers ______________________________________.
2. It is believed that Jesus most closely followed the ______________ Jewish sect
during his ministry.
3. Jesus taught not in synagogue classrooms, but on 1)_____________, in
2)__________, and in 3) _________ __________.
4. Jesus taught in the manner of a typical first century _______ __________ of
19

_________.
5. The content of Jesus teaching was from the _______ _________, and from ______
_________.
6. Jesus most commonly taught ________, on his _______ ___________.
7. The term "the _________ of the _________________" is used in the book of Acts
(Acts 24:5) for the first church, showing it was viewed as a sect within Judaism. They
were ________ as “______the _______ of the _________.
8. The Hebrew expression Notzrim designating "Christians" literally means _________
(plural), and the Hebrew expression and Notzri, "a Christian" literally means
:________ (singular). (SEE FOOTNOTE)
9. Before Pentecost (Acts 2) the Church had begun it embryonic form with the ______.
10. Shabuot (Shavu 'ot) literally means _____, and is also known as the _______
________of _____, or _______ of ________ in biblical literature.
11. The special offering of two_______ of ___________, _______ ______, was made on
Shabuot, and related to the agricultural season by using ____________ __________
grain.
12. Peter's sermon on Shabuot was formed the basis of the Hebrew prophet
________(Acts 2:17- 21).
13. The Hebrew verb shub translated repent has the concrete meaning of "_________,
___________, _____________ _________________”.
14. Maimonides the greatest medieval Jewish philosopher-theologian gives four steps to
shub 1)_______________ or acknowledgment of 2)_______ or ________ ______
and ______ 3) strong _________, not to ________ ______ again 4)
_________with______________, whereby alienation has been overcome and
fellowship restored.
15. The word teshubah (repentance) has been translated into English as conversion, but
would be better rendered as becoming ____________ and ________in God’s
________and ______within the _____________.
16. The apostle Paul was of the tribe of ________, a member of the _________ sect Phil.
3:5), was trained by the Jewish sage ________ (Acts 22:3).
17. Paul addressed the crowd in his own ethnic tongue of ______________ (Acts 21:40).
18. In the first part of the book of Acts two diverse groups of Jewish Christians appear in
20

the Jerusalem Church. One group was the _______, or “___________”, (Hebrewand/or
Aramaic-speaking Jews); the other were ___________or _______ ________.
19. Stephen was one of the leaders of the ___________ group in the Jerusalem church.
20. Stephen spoke to the _________ and proved threatening to the Jewish leaders, who
venerated the ______ as the ultimate and final expression of true religion, for Stephen
emphasized that God does not dwell in a structure.
21. Stephen accused his Jewish brothers of ______________ the “_________ _______”
(____) whose coming the prophets had predicted (Acts 7:52). In essence he announced
that a new order had already arrived with the Messiah who is more important than all
ancestral religions.
22. Stephen was seized and stoned to death, triggering a great ___________ , directed at
the ____________church.
23. The persecutions were directed mainly toward the __________ of the Jerusalem
church, so from this point on the Jerusalem church appears to have been made up
almost exclusively of _________.
24. __________, one of the Hellenist leaders in the Jerusalem church, was the first Jew to
take the gospel outside of Jerusalem. (Acts 6:5)
25. Because of his Hellenist background he was able to move with greater ease in the
broader cultural setting of _________, __________, _____________.______.
26. The ________ and __________ _______ shown to the Hellenists by the Hebraists
regarding their widows being overlooked brought greater unity to the Jerusalem
fellowship.
27. The term "a call" is preferable when describing Paul's conversion experience on the
Damascus road, because he did not convert from one religion to another but rather, he
understood his_________ to the ____________ ___________as the full
____________ of his_________ _________.
28. Paul's contact with the Jerusalem church prior to his Damascus road experience was to
____ ___ any believers he had driven out of the Jerusalem church.
29. The "___-_______," in New Testament times were the ________ who followed
certain Jewish religious practices but stopped short of the circumcision required of all
full proselytes.
30. Because the God-fearers were sensitive and open to Jewish teaching they served as a
natural bridge to link both _______ and ___________ elements within the church.
21

31. God fearers are important for they provide a line of evidence that churches founded in
major cities of the gentile world were not necessarily prone to __-___________ from
the very start.
32. The God-fearers were the ____________ ____ for many of the churches visited by
Paul.
33. _____ encountered opposition from the Jerusalem church concerning his visit to the
house of Cornelius because it underscored some of the _________ that the Jerusalem
church had to face if Gentiles were to be brought into the Church.
34. This controversy was resolved, temporarily, by accepting non-Jewish believers,
primarily on ____________ _______ - God had done it.
35. ____ and ________ set sail from _______, located in _____ on the first major
westward penetration of the Christian message into the gentile world.
36. The apostolic council in Jerusalem convened in about the year of _____, and presided
over by James, the brother of the Lord.
37. The Council of Jerusalem was called together regarding the question arising that
____________ was an essential element in the salvation of Gentile believers.
38. The council handed down its decision that four questionable areas or practices should
be avoided by Gentiles.1) Non-Jews entering the Church should not have the Jewish
rite of circumcision imposed on them. They ruled out any “______ _______ of
_________ for _______" 2) Gentiles were to know that to stand in the liberty of Christ
meant no ___________ or ________ ________ ________.3) Gentiles should be clear
on this point: ________ was a _______ of ________;one could not procure or obtain it
by mere conformity to any ceremonial ritual.4) That they respect and ________ the
____________ of their ________ ______ and _______.
39. The four areas specified that Gentiles should avoid were:1)
______________________,2)
_________________3)
________________________________ and 4) ________________.
40. This list of prohibitions appears to be an early formulation of what is known today in
Judaism as the __________ _____________ _______________.
41. The rabbis defined the Noachian commandments as seven commandments binding on
the descendants of ______ (______), that is, on all mankind.
42. These seven laws found in Genesis Rabbah 16:6) are incumbent upon all non-Jews
(footnote)
1)___________________________,
22

2)________________,
3) _______________,
4)__________,
5)_______and__________,
6)_______,and
7) ________________________.
43. This watershed decision of the Jerusalem council has been described by one scholar
as "one of the __________ and _______ in the __________ of __________
________.
Our Father Abraham Workbook
Chapter Four Theological Conflict and Persecution pp.52-63
Matching:
The Church at the mid-century juncture was comprised of essentially three main groups. Match the group with
its description:
1. Traditionalist from the A. The thinking of the council and presumably the
circumcision party
circumcision party majority of the Jerusalem church. This
group sought to be open to Gentiles and yet sensitive to
Jews.
23

2. Free-thinking Hellenistic B. Conservative Jewish believers, closely tied to
Party Temple worship and Jewish law.
3. Middle or main stream C. Had one foot planted in Judaism and the other firmly set
in Greek soil.
Matching:
Match the city where Paul was persecuted with the offence he was accused of committing:
4. Thessalonica (Acts 17:1-10) A. Broke the law
5. Jerusalem [Temple] (Acts 21:27-36) B. Incited a riot
6. Corinth (Acts 18:12-17) C. Teaching against the law
True or False:
7. Both Jew and Gentile in the Church had in common Israel's sacred writings (the Old Testament
scriptures).
8. Not all of the Church believed in the messiahship of Jesus.
9. The process that brought the Church and Synagogue to a parting of ways was sudden.
10. The key theological issue which has divided Christian and Jews for nearly two millennia is Jesus.
11. Jesus abandoned his ancestral faith and taught a new thing.
12. The early Jewish followers of Jesus saw him as both God and man.
Fill in the blanks:
In questions 13-16 below you will find that Jesus subordinated many of the central symbols of Judaism to
himself.
13. In John 2:19 Jesus becomes the .
14. In John 1:29 Jesus becomes the sacrifice ("the Lamb of God, who takes away the sins of the
world").
15. At Passover, the matzah, "unleavened bread", represented his . (Mark 14:22)
16. In I Cor. 5:7 Jesus is the that has been sacrificed.
17. Jesus' actions often proved radical and scandalous to the religious community of his day in that his
and
knew no bounds.
18. He did not come merely to maintain and reinforce the religious traditions; rather his mission was to
those traditions.
19. For Jesus to call God was a revelation of his sonship.
24

20. In first-century Jewish thought messianic expectation was mainly focused on a .
21. Jesus likely opted to keep his messiahship secret in order to avoid a .
22. The heart of the early church's message was two fold. First, confession of the mouth that
"___________ is " and second, that God raised him from the .
23. The high priest had accused Jesus of being a political troublemaker by not ( _____ ______)
to Caesar and by claiming to be of the .
24. Jesus warned his followers that they also would be persecuted through and
in their synagogues.
25. Christianity did not support the , who opposed Roman dominion.
26. The first martyr was .
27. the son of Zebedee is the second martyr recorded in the book of Acts.
28. The Sadducees had the arrested and put in prison for preaching the
of Jesus.
29. was one of the chief opponents of the early church.
30. Saul had a revolutionary change on the road to .
31. Saul, later called , carried letters from the high , authorizing persecutions of the believers.
Our Father Abraham Workbook
Chapter Five: Church and Synagogue in the Light of History pp. 64-73
For Direction:
Sometimes we have to realize that we as Christians have not been taught church history. This chapter deals with
a phase of history that few pastors have explored, let alone laypersons or school children. Please read the
chapter slowly straight through and you might want to read over the “Conclusion” several times to fully
understand Dr. Wilson. The section at the end of the chapter called “Understanding Chapter Five” is a good
25

eview of the material discussed. We have endeavored to simplify that discussion into a set of true/false and
matching. You may need to reread the chapter to answer the questions. We feel that basically we as Christians
need to know that the phrase “to put out of the synagogue” is being discussed in this chapter. The question is,
did this practice occur in Jesus’ day or was it something that was added after the destruction of the Temple? Dr.
Wilson’s viewpoint is very well put in the Conclusion.
“Thus, we conclude tentatively that the Fourth Gospel may refer to a kind of ad hoc, spontaneous community
disapproval to the preaching that “Jesus was the Christ.” This action would amount to removing someone from
the synagogue more by group outrage than by formal ban. It is probable that only later, when Synagogue and
Church had come close to the brink of final separation, were any formal bans imposed.” By Dr. Wilson
If you keep this summary at the front of your discussion and activities that we present, you should come away
with a positive experience. Too often we tend to read something in pieces or picking and choosing what we want
from a reading. It is most important that you know WHERE Dr. Wilson is headed in this chapter so you will
understand the different aspects of the discussion. This is an excellent scholastic discussion, and if you have high
schoolers or adults that are involved in this discussion, I would encourage you to do “Understanding Chapter
Five” activities that are provided within the text. Cheryle Holeman
Matching: You may use some answers more than once.
_____1. Sadducees
A. The Book of John
_____2. Essenes
B. Banishment
_____3. Nazarenes
C. 18 Benedictions
_____4. Shemoneh Esreh
D. Professor at HebrewUniversity
_____5.Notzrim
E. Twelfth Benedction
_____6. Yavneh
F. Oral Law
_____7. Flusser
G. minim
_____8. Mishnah
H. Place where the Mishnah was
written after the destruction of the Temple
_____9. heretics
I. Believed that Jesus was the Messiah
_____10. Birkat ha-Minim
J. Lived at Qumran and waited
apart from the Temple
_____11.excommunication
K. Controlled the Temple
_____12. Fourth Gospel
L. Christians
Multiple Choice:
___1. The Shemoneh Esreh is the prayer that is prayed how many times a day by the Jewish
people?
(a) once;
(b) twice;
(c) three times,
26

(d) only when you want to kick someone out of the synagogue.
___2. What does the Hebrew Expression Birkat ha-Minim mean in English?
(a) Prayer of the synagogue for the heretic;
(b) Prayer for good things to happen to people;
(c) Prayer for healing;
(d) Social ostracism only.
___3. Who was a heretic back then in the eyes of the Jewish synagogue?
(a) Only Christians;
(b) pagans;
(c) dissidents, apostates and traitors,
(d) cowboys.
___4. How many parts of contained within the Shemoneh Esreh today?
(a) 18;
(b) 20;
(c) 17;
(d) 19.
___5. When was the Birkat ha-Minim written?
(a) 40 AD,
(b) 90 AD,
(c) 400 AD,
(d) 70 AD.
True or False?
___1. Jesus would have prayed the Birkat ha-Minim in his lifetime?
___2. Paul would have prayed the Birkat ha-Minim in his lifetime?
___3. Sometimes Christians persecuted Jews in the past.
___4. Sometimes Jews persecuted Christians in the past.
___5. Persecution is good and Jesus wanted us to be divided and hurt.
Our Father Abraham Workbook
Chapter Six: The Jewish Revolts and the Parting of the Way pp. 74-86
27

This is perhaps the most important chapter in the book. We are approaching this information
in a different way. Instead of choosing only exercises, we choose to do some actual teaching.
Dr. Wilson uses excellent scholarship and I would like to show you how to “check him out” to
verify what he has said. You can also check other writers out, too. Often times you wonder,
“Now where did they find that information?” I started digging around in bibliographies and
footnotes long ago, and hopefully you will “check things out yourself. Look at the writer’s
sources. If they don’t give you sources, then be cautious. This “checking things out” is a sign
of maturity. The Internet allows us to find materials much easier today, so use it whenever
possible, OR go to the public library. Remember that not everything published on the Internet
is true. Many times we need to use 2-3 sources before accepting what is written. We must ask
ourselves if the writer has an agenda or bias, too. And always verify it with Scripture. Let’s
begin:
Dr. Wilson refers you to SUETONIUS (77-144CE) on page 74. You should have asked
yourself, “Who was Suetonius? How can I find out more about this information?” This event
is mentioned in the New Testament in Acts 18:2: “After these things Paul departed from
Athens and went to Corinth. And he found a certain Jew named Aquila, born in Pontus, who
had recently come from Italy with his wife Priscilla (because Claudius had commanded all
Jews to depart from Rome); and he came to them.”
The second-century Roman historian, Suetonius,wrote: "Since the Jews constantly made
disturbances at the instigation of Chrestus, he expelled them from Rome" (Life of
Claudius, XXv.4). This passage was written about 112 A. D. . His work survives almost
totally intact today. Note that Suetonius called them “Jews”. The event happened in 49 A. D.
while the Temple was still standing. At this time, Christians and Jews were seen as the same
group of troublemakers.
David Stern writes in The Jewish New Testament Commentary on page 289: “Claudius had
issued a decree expelling all the Jews from Rome… The expulsion is usually connected with
the remark by Suetonius, ‘Since the Jews were continually making disturbances at the
instigation of Chrestus, he [Claudius’ expelled them from Rome” (Claudius 25:4).; and it is
presumed that the pagan Suetonius was speaking not of some otherwise unknown Chrestus
but of Christos (“Christ”) and misspelled the word. If so, Suetonius (75-160 CE) is one of the
earliest writers outside the New Testament to mention Yeshua the Messiah/Jesus the Messiah,
and his expression, “instigation of Christos,” Would refer to disputes between Messianic and
non-Messianic Jews. However, the possibility remains that “Chrestus” was someone else
altogether.”
(Much information about the Roman Emperors is on the Internet. You can use a search engine
to find it. Suetonius wrote about the Emperors. Josephus, a Jewish historian, wrote about the
Jews. I would encourage you to read ancient historians to verify this information. Use the
bibliography in the back of Our Father Abraham to begin building a library. I have also
included one in this work. You don’t need to buy all the books. You just need to go to the
public library or Internet when you have questions.)
The second footnote says “Tacitus, Annals 15.38.” This is what I found
28

when I read Tacitus for myself on the Internet at a college library:
Yet no human effort, no princely largess nor offerings to the gods could make that infamous
rumor disappear that Nero had somehow ordered the fire. Therefore, in order to abolish that
rumor, Nero falsely accused and executed with the most exquisite punishments those people
called Christians, who were infamous for their abominations. The originator of the name,
Christ, was executed as a criminal by the procurator Pontius Pilate during the reign of
Tiberius; and though repressed, this destructive superstition erupted again, not only through
Judea, which was the origin of this evil, but also through the city of Rome, to which all that is
horrible and shameful floods together and is celebrated. Therefore, first those were seized who
admitted their faith, and then, using the information they provided, a vast multitude were
convicted, not so much for the crime of burning the city, but for hatred of the human race.
And perishing they were additionally made into sports: they were killed by dogs by having the
hides of beasts attached to them, or they were nailed to crosses or set aflame, and, when the
daylight passed away, they were used as nighttime lamps. Nero gave his own gardens for this
spectacle and performed a Circus game, in the habit of a charioteer mixing with the plebs or
driving about the race-course. Even though they were clearly guilty and merited being made
the most recent example of the consequences of crime, people began to pity these sufferers,
because they were consumed not for the public good but on account of the fierceness of one
man.”
We can also see that Pontius Pilate also existed and was known to a Roman historian, too.
The Bible is supported in many areas of history by the ancient Roman Empire’s own
documents. The Bible is not just “a nice book” about imaginary things as some people would
have you believe. History is written between its pages. Sometimes we need to examine a time
line of Roman history to see how things played out. Perhaps you should draw one for this
chapter.
Fill in the Blanks:
1. In ______B. C., Pompey took the city of Jerusalem by storm and established Roman rule
over the land. This happened BEFORE Christ. Pontius Pilate ruled A. D. _____ to _____
in Jerusalem for the Emperor.
2. In ____A. D. , a dispute between Jews and Jewish Christians developed in Rome. In an
effort to restore order, Emperor Claudius expelled both groups from Rome, apparently
making _____ distinction between them.
3. By A. D. 64, however, during the reign of Nero, Christians were distinguished from
___________.
4. Tradition asserts that the apostle Paul was imprisoned in Rome, where he later
___________a martyr in about A. D. 64, the time of the great fire.
5. The Roman historian Tacitus states that Nero was suspected of setting the ____________
and then, to avert suspicion, blamed the _________________ for it.
6. (Subtraction question: 64 A. D. minus 49 A. D. = ________ how many years between the
two events? f. Jesus was resurrected in approximately 30 A. D. . How many years between
His Resurrection and the first expulsion from Rome? _______
29

7. How many years after His Resurrection did the second expulsion and persecution of the
Christians happen? ____________ .
8. The First Jewish Revolt happened in A. D. ______ to ______. This was led by the group
known as the ______________________ . The Zealots were committed to end Roman
Rule and to bring _______ of God’s elected people.
9. Eleazar the priest was also apparently Captain of the _______________ in 66 A. D. . He
stopped offering the daily sacrifice in behalf of the __________________ health. War
became a reality.
10. Give 4 names of places where this war was fought: ___________________,
_____________________, ______________________, _______________________.
11. _________________________ had begun the Roman conquest in the north.
12. In Galilee he was met by _______________________, who had organized the Jewish
revolt.
13. Vespasian fought for three years until he was recalled to _____________ to become
______________________. His son, _________________, took over.
14. In _____ A. D. Jerusalem was destroyed in just a few months. The _________ was
destroyed. _____________ of thousands of Jews were put to the _____________, died of
__________________, or were enslaved. The famous Arch of Titus gives
________________ witness to this event. History records the victory for Rome. Defeated
people do not write history; only the victors have the time to write.
15. The Jews held out for three more years. The last stronghold was ______________.
16. Masada was taken by General _________ when he constructed a huge man-made
__________ on the west side of Masada.
17. __________ Jewish Zealots had committed suicide rather than be taken captive by the
Romans.
18. Sometime between A. D. ____ and 68 A. D. ---the Jewish Christians fled to Pella in Perea
(Jordon). This is about _____ miles from Jerusalem. ____________ told them that they
should flee in Luke 21: 20-21.
19. The _________________ of Jewish Christians at this time to support the nationalist
movement against Rome did not endear them to the general population. The Jewish
Christians were branded as disloyal and _____________.
20. Furthermore, the geographical removal of Jewish Christians from Jerusalem and its
___________ area affected the growing schism by loosening their __________ religious
connection to Judaism, the strongest potential _______________ force the Jewish people
had.
21. We know from Eusebius, later known as the father of _____________ history, a
succession of fifteen __________ Christian bishops served in Jerusalem until the start of
the Second Jewish Revolt.
22. Jesus’ brother, ____________, is mentioned in Acts 15 as being in charge of the
Jerusalem Council. He was followed by _______ Jewish Christians bishops that served in
Jerusalem.
23. Open your Bible to Acts 15 and read verse 19. “Therefore I judge that we should not
trouble those from among the Gentiles who are turning to God…” Who is the “I” that is
30

speaking? __________________ This sentence then shows that ___________ was leading
the new church.
24. Open your Bible to Acts 21:21 and read the verses. Verse 21: “And when they heard it,
they glorified the Lord. And they said to him, ‘You see, brother, how many myriad of
______ there are who have believed, and they are zealous for the law…” Who is listed as
the leader? _____________ Where are they meeting? __________________
25. This happened in 49 A. D. which is _________ years after the resurrection of Jesus.
James and the other apostles were still considered part of the Jews because the majority of
the believers at this time were _____________.
26. James also asked ___________ to prove that he was still observant by observing sacrifices
within the Temple. (Continue reading Acts 21.) This sacrifice is very well described in the
scriptures. Paul could not have participated in the sacrifices if he was not a man of his
word and had honor. If he was starting a new religion, he could have very easily turned his
back on James and the apostles and walked away. He didn’t. He observed the ruling and
submitted to their authority. Acts 21 describes what happened. The Romans took Paul
captive before he could complete the required sacrifices. Read Acts 21: 40. What language
did Paul speak to the crowd in? ____________________ What language did the crowd
understand? ____________-
The Flight To Pella
I include this for your consideration: In his Ecclesiastical History, Eusebius tells us that
"the church at Jerusalem, at first formed of the circumcision, came later to be formed of
Gentile Christians, and the whole church under them, consisted of faithful Hebrews who
continued from the time of the apostles, until the siege of Jerusalem." Isaac Boyle, trans.,
Eusebius' Ecclesiastical History, H.E. 5 (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, l974), pp. 4-6.
According to the Roman Historian Hegesippus, the Hebrew Christians chose Simeon, who
was a cousin of the Lord, to succeed, James, the brother of Jesus. Eusebius’ Ecclesiastical
History, H. E.: 3, 32,6. Epiphanius lists the remaining thirteen Jewish pastors of the
Jerusalem Church as Justus, Zaccheus, Tobias, Benjamin, John, Mathias, Philip, Seneca,
Justus, Levi, Ephrem, Joseph, and Jude, completing the historical record all the way up to
the Bar Kochba Revolt (A.D. 132-135). Ibid, H.E.IV.5.
Often times, we need to “check things out for ourselves from the historical sources. I would
encourage you to get a copy of Eusebius’ Ecclesiastical History, where he talks of
Hegesippus’ writing. Read these facts for yourself. The public library may have a copy and
you can also read it online at many libraries. See http://www.haydid.org/resource.htm for
links to some sights.
Fill in the Blanks:
27. The Jewish Christians fled to _________ because ___________ had warned them to go in
Luke 21:20-21.
28. The flight to Pella marks an important juncture in the ______________ break between
Synagogue and Church.
31

29. The failure of Jewish Christians at this time to support the nationalist movement against
_______________ did not endear them to the general (Jewish) population.
30. At the same time, however, the _________________ Christians used the fall of Jerusalem
in their polemic against the Synagogue. After the First Jewish Revolt, however, we know
that some from the _______________________ church returned to _______________.
31. “The early Church up to 70 C. E. was a daughter of __________________: only after that
did they leave the _____________.” AS WE HAVE STRESSED, however, the leaving
was a ____________________. It would not be finalized until well into the ___________
century.
32. The date A. D. 70 marked the end of what three sects of Judaism?
____________________________________________________________________.
33. Only the __________________ and the struggling ___________________________
remained as parties in major ________________________________.
Between Revolts: The Academy at Yavneh
34. The Pharisees were left to restructure Judaism after the destruction of Israel. They had no
idea how long it would be before the nation and the Temple would be restored, so they
had disputes over questions of ______________, and they transferred the rituals to the
_______________________. Sacrifices were replaced with acts of _________________
and _______________________.
35. Yavneh was west of ___________________________. The Court known as The
____________________ was transferred to Yavneh. This court was composed of the
leading _______________________.
36. Rabbi _______________________ ben Zakkai was a student of the famous Rabbi
_________________. Rabbi Johanan served until around the year ___________ or
_________ A.D.
37. He was succeeded by _______________, who was mentioned in Chapter 5 in regard to his
request at Yavneh for the composition of the ___________________________.
38. Johanan reformulated Judaism on a new basis ---a spiritual instead of a ___________ one.
This reformulating assured the millennial _________________ of the people and its
_____________________.
39. Johanan sought to preserve Jewish _________________ and to enhance _____________
among various divisions of Judaism.
40. Two schools of thought among the Pharisees were _______________ and Shammai.
Johanan sought to effect a greater _______________ in the interpretation of the Law.
41. The ___________________ within Jewry prior to the fall of Jerusalem was no longer
possible.
42. The Oral Law became known as the _________________. It would not be codified until
the next century. It was compiled under the direction of Rabbi ____________________.
The Mishnah had only been transmitted verbally until this time. Now we can read the Oral
Law that existed at the time of Jesus/Yeshua because of the codification of it by this group
at Yavneh.
43. The rabbis reworked the ____________ ritual into the ______________ of the synagogue
service. We can read this ritual today in the Jewish prayer book known as they siddur and
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The Mishnah (Oral Law). The Mishnah is a book that tells you “how to do” the various
aspects of the Law. There are six books of the Mishnah called Tractates.
44. The ___________________ was clearly distinguished from ____________ __________.
The official text of the Hebrew Bible is also known as the __________________. There
were three divisions of the Old Testament. They are: _____________________,
___________________, and _____________________.
45. The emergence of __________________ Judaism may be traced to Yavneh. Yavneh
marks the setting in motion of a succession of sages or _____________ through formal
ordination. In the New Testament the informal term of ______________ for the term
“rabbi” is that of a learned _________________________.
46. The Yavneh scholars sought to ______________ and preseve Judaism from all its foes
composed the Heretic Benediction. But this attitude did not mean that Yavneh established
any official policy against _____________________. Its purpose was to awaken the
collective consciousness of ______________ to the existence of ___________________,
detractors and ______________________.
47. Gentiles did not have to deal with the barrier of adult ________________ and other
regulations of ________________ Law. Hence many potential proselytes found it more
attractive to join the _________________ rather than the Synagogue.
48. The Church had begun within Judaism as an all- __________________ sect, but by the
early part of the second century its adherents---especially in the Diaspora---were
predominantly ________________.
From Sabbath to Lord’s Day
There are some excellent books listed in the footnotes of this chapter. I have also written a
book Sabbath: The Light is Messiah which appears on my website
http://www.haydid.org/sabbath.htm that you will want to read. In it I give you the spirit of the
Sabbath, and tell you how to do a Sabbath service with our family. You are welcome to print
the booklet off but do drop me a note to tell me that you have visited the website. Other
articles and entire books can be found on our website with links to other teaching websites
that will supplement your knowledge. We also maintain a calendar of seminars and
conferences for many of the Jewish roots teachers. Its worth the visit.
49. When Christianity rejected the Sabbath and much of the rest of the Mosaic Law, it sent out
a clear message that it had _________________ Israel.
50. Though the early Church ________________ the Sabbath, in time it came to worship on
______________. Sunday was seen as the day of ________________ resurrection. Both
Jew and ______________________ recognized that ___________________ was also a
Roman holy day tied to _________-worship.
51. _______________________, bishop of Antioch, indicates that the change had taken place
as early as 115 A.D. He wrote to the Magnesians, telling them to “no longer live for the
_______________ but for the Lord’s Day, on which day our life arose.”
52. The ____________________, a manual of church instruction written around
____________ A.D., also directs Christians To come together on the Lord’s Day to
worship. Many Christians do not know that there are early church documents, like the
33

Didache, that exist for you to read today. Scholars continue to study these document. You
can find a copy of the Didache on the Internet or at the public library.
53. Over the centuries the Jewish community has interpreted the Church’s decision to worship
on ______________ as a ___________________ of the very heart of Jewish experience---
-rejection of the _____________.
54. The Council of ____________ in 49 A.D. made no such teaching that would require that
the Old Testament Sabbath laws concerning ritual rest be carefully observed on
_____________ to be observed by __________________. During the Reformation, both
________________ and Calvin steered clear of the __________________ position
because it contained ____________________ pitfalls.
55. Rather, the ______________ was to be a body _________ divided over _____________
regulations, but _________________ as a people among whom there is neither
________________ nor _______________, but all one in _______________________
(Galatians 3:28).
One of the reasons that the early church changed their day of worship could have been that
many of its members were slaves, and that was the day that the pagans worshiped the sungod,
so they could more freely move around a community without notice. Just as its easier
today to do something on Saturday and Sunday today, rather than take Friday and Saturday
off from our jobs. Traditions die hard. In Israel everything stops around 3 p.m. on Friday and
nothing starts back up until Saturday evening after sundown. It is not required of a non-Jew to
keep Sabbath, but it is provided as an opportunity to enrich your family’s life, if you choose.
The Second Jewish Revolt (A.D. 132-135)
56. Some possible reasons for the Second Jewish Revolt might have been Emperor Hadrian
rumored to be rebuilding the __________________; severe rule of the Roman Governor
of Judea, _________________; or the prohibition against _________________, and other
acts of ___________________ enforced on the __________.
57. Bar Kokhba means “_________________________________” and was the name given to
a man known as Simon. Bar Kokhba was declared ___________________ by Rabbi
Akiba.
58. Worship now ___________________ at the ___________________, and Jews throughout
the land followed Bar Kokhba. History has preserved _________________ bearing the
signature of Bar Kokhba telling of his vast territorial rule and his mobilization of
___________ and supplies for the war.
A Defeated Jewish Nation
59. The Romans under Hadrian and Julius Severus, crushed the Jews. More than half a million
____________ perished and nearly all of Judea lay in ruin.
60. Hadrian destroyed _________________ completely; every __________ was leveled and
the city was __________________.
34

61. Hadrian then built a new city which he called “__________________________”. He
constructed a ________________ to ___________________ on the site of the Temple. He
populated the new city with Greek-speaking ____________ and he forbade
__________________ to come near the city on pain of ________________.
Jewish Christians and the War
62. The _____________ Christians refused to fight in the First and Second Jewish Wars. The
Jewish Christians had but one ___________________, the risen ___________ of
Nazareth, who commanded their allegiance. Their loyalty could not be directed to both
_________ and Simon. They would not deny the Messiahship of ____________.
63. The Jews followed ______________________________ thus denying the Messiahship of
___________________.
64. The Jews who believed in Jesus sought to remain within the ___________________, at
least under the umbrella of ___________________. But the Second Jewish Revolt under
_________________________________ made it no longer possible to remain.
The Parting of the Way
65. A few ______________ Christians attended synagogue in ________ A.D. when church
historian, _____________ lived. The parting of the way seems to have been largely
finalized by around the middle of the ________________ century.
66. A new attitude of appropriating the title of “_____________” prevailed in the Church
according to church historian, __________________ who lived around _________ A.D.
67. Until this time, the Church had defined itself more in terms of continuity with the
_______________ people, or as an ______________ of Israel. The Synagogue was firm
in its stance that ___________ was not the Messiah. The Church then defined itself in
terms of discontinuity with and replacement of ________________.
68. To this point not only had Jewish _________________ considered themselves part of the
national body of ________________, but so too had _____________ believers. They saw
themselves as _________________ into Israel., as part of a ____________ remnant
within __________________. They did not see themselves as a people that had
___________________ Israel. They did not see themselves as a _________________
people independent of Israel.
69. As long as the Church had a reasonable balance of ______________ and _____________
in the same body, there was no tendency to take over the term _____________________.
But by 400 A.D. when _________________ lived, the balance had been
___________________.
70. The struggle was far from over. The Church became arrogant with its largely gentile
makeup of and now became more and more _________________ severed from its
___________________ roots. This de-Judaizing developed into a history of _________-
35

Judaism, a travesty which has extended from the second century to the
________________________ day.
The early church historians and Roman historians are good reading for you to expand upon.
We must become informed Christians but not alienate others around us as we study.
Sometimes we get very angry at those church fathers for the lack of heritage that they have
handed down to us. Most of us have spent time stomping around screaming, “I’ve been
cheated” or things like that. That is a normal reaction to this information.
Most pastors have studied this church history if they attended seminary. They may not have
thought that lay persons would benefit from this knowledge of church history, so a gentle
suggestion may be all that they need.
If they haven’t attended seminary, then gently ask your pastor if he has studied church history
and if he could recommend some books or historians to read.
When confronted with congregational members, who are angry at this information, a very
wise and mature pastor that I know decided to start teaching church history to his elders once
a week at a Friday luncheon. Instead of an angry church, he had an educated leadership whom
started teaching in their Sunday school, Vacation Bible School, and at other church functions.
The leadership started sharing the richness of the Biblical Feasts at every opportunity, and the
church started growing. A congregation that is being fed the truth WILL grow.
A good beginning program that a church could invest in is produced by Focus on the Family.
It is a video series called That the World May Know. An audience goes onsite to Israel and
Turkey to view archaeological digs while a Christian historian, Ray Vander Laan, teaches a
lesson about various aspects of Christianity at that particular dig. You can see more
information and pricing on our website at http://www.haydid.org/focus.htm
I would encourage all of you to not divide a congregation, but to come along side each other
in a spirit of unity to study these things. Each member of the Body has giftings that need to be
developed in order for the Body to be fed. The walls that divide need to come down so we can
nurture and encourage each other. How many have been asked what they have been called to
do in the Kingdom of God? Very few have actually sat down with their pastor to discuss their
callings, and to seek guidance from others. People from a church could even establish a
dialogue with people from another church or synagogue. But the main thing is to be tolerant
of each other, and to not step into legalism. We need to be aware that we are looking for fruit
in people’s lives and not rules and regulations. The people with the fruit of the Spirit of God,
will grow and multiply…
You have learned names of many people in this reading that did affect the Church today.
Please make a list of those names and do further research at your public library or online.
There are books and videos listed in our bibliography that will enrich your studies.
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Our Father Abraham Workbook
Chapter Seven A History of Contempt Anti-Semitism and the Church p.p.: 87-103
True or False
____1. Jewish Christians refused to support the Jewish community in their fight against Rome.
____2. Paul never anticipated that the church would separate from Judaism
____3. In tearing itself away from the Jewish roots, the church defined itself in largely Greek
terminology.
____4. By the middle of the second century the writings of the Church Fathers reveal
considerable antagonism between gentile Christians and Jews.
____5. The Jews were labeled Christ killers already in the second century.
____6. Marcion, one of the early Church fathers wanted to totally do away with the Old
Testament.
____7. Martin Luther was Jew hater from the onset of his ministry.
____8. The holocaust was the outcome of 2000 years of Anti-Semitism
____9. Today Anti-Semitism is no longer existent.
Multiple Choice:
10. Jesus presented himself as:
a. the King
b. the Savior
c. the new Torah
d. the Messiah
e. all of the above
11. Jesus’ purpose in life met the expectations of:
a. the Jews
b. the Romans
c. the masses
d. none of the above
37

12. The Jerusalem Council was the result of:
a. A disagreement between the disciples
b. The gospel going the gentiles
c. What to do with Jewish customs
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
13. Heretics mentioned in this chapter were:
a. Orthodox Jews
b. Pharisees
c. Christians
d. Sadducees
e. None of the above
14. The gentile church claimed to have replaced:
a. Judea
b. Israel
c. Rome
d. Babylon
15. The rift between the church and the Jews ultimately resulted in:
a. Anti-Semitism
b. Anti-Judaism
c. Both
d. Neither
16. The rift between the church and the synagogue widened because:
a. The Jews continued to cling to their ancestral faith
b. The Christians claimed that Judaism was a dead and legalistic faith
c. The Jews and the Christians lived in their own separate communities
d. All of the above
17. Pax Romana stands for:
a. a pact between the Romans and Christians to do away with Jews
b. a pact between Jews and Christians for peaceful coexistence
c. a period of enforced peace by the Romans
d. all of the above
18. The early church fathers taught that:
a. the suffering of the Jewish people was a result of rejecting Jesus
b. unfaithfulness of the Jewish people resulted in a collective guilt
c. the Jewish people are subject to an eternal curse of God
d. the church is now the recipient of all blessings ascribed to Israel
e. all of the above
19. Under Constantine the Jews:
a. fared better
b. lost all legal rights
c. could return the Jerusalem
d. could seek converts
20. Allegory speaking, the early church fathers stated that:
a. sacrifices of the old testament became bread and wine
b. the 12 bells of the robe of the priest signifies the 12 disciples
c. the scarlet cord of Rahab stood for the salvation through the blood of Christ
38

d. all of the above
21. During the “Middle Ages” Jews were:
a. treated as outcasts
b. murdered if refused baptism
c. blamed for causing the “Black Plague”
d. all of the above
22. The true meaning of scripture is compromised or entirely lost when it is made to be:
a. mystical
b. figurative
c. with hidden meaning
d. all of the above
Fill in the Blanks:
23. All who ___________ from the Pharisaic norms were no longer welcomed to the Jewish
community.
24. What had begun as an inner-Jewish dispute became a rivalry between the religions of the ___________ and
of the ________________.
25. By the fourth century the church reasoned that there was no more need for the support of the
_____________.
26. Gentiles were described as those who do or do not know God. (Circle one)
27. The proof that God had rejected his chosen people is evidenced by the fall of
_________ and the destruction of the ____________.
28. To understand the plain meaning of words in their context, attention has to be given to the specific
________________ and _________________ setting.
29. “The very idea of ‘Hebraic’ was commonly equated with ‘________’.”
30. The Church needed to save the ____ ___________ from total destruction because of the prophetic claims
that Jesus is the Messiah.
39

Our Father Abraham Workbook
Part III Understanding Hebrew Thought
Chapter Eight The Old Testament: Hebraic Foundation of the Church pp.107-134
May we suggest that if more than one person will be using this book, that you may wish to write your
answers on separate sheets of paper. We have included the answer key in the back of this workbook.
We also encourage you to do further exploration of this topic, and that learning to use the bibliography
at the end of the book would help you expand your own home library. Many of the books that are
mentioned in the bibliography of this book may even be at your local public library or can be found
through an inter-library loan system.
True or False
__1. The bedrock upon which the New Testament faith rests securely is the Hebrew Bible.
__2. Jesus and the Apostles declared the first thirty-nine books of scripture as being dead and/ or done
away with..
__3. Through knowledge of the Old Testament is imperative if one is to grasp the Hebraic foundation
which underpins the theology and life of the earliest Church.
__4. Many Christians have come to believe that the Old Testament is, for the most part, boring and
irrelevant.
__5. Churches have conveyed the attitude that thorough understanding of the Old Testament and its
history concerning the Jewish people is, more or less, optional for today’s Christian.
__6. Many Christian colleges and theological seminaries require more Old Testament courses than
New Testament ones, and they also require the study of Hebrew as well as the Greek language.
__7. Marcion was an early church father who argued that the Old and New Testaments were equally
important as authoritative revelation to the Christian Church.
__8. Marcion held to a belief that a Demiurge created the world, with its appalling evils. (A Demiurge,
in Gnosticism, is a deity subordinate to the supreme deity, sometimes considered the creator of evil.)
40

__9. Marcion contended firmly that the Church was wise in attempting to combine the gospel with
Judaism.
__10. Justin Martyr considered Marcionism to be the most dangerous heresy of his day.
Fill in the Blanks
1. Though often cunningly concealed, in today’s Church rather strong vestiges of _____________
have survived.
2. In our concerted effort to be ______ ___________ believers, we have often unconsciously
_________ the place and importance of the Old Testament and the Church’s _________ roots.
3. ________________ continues to plague today’s Church and is often found in those theological
circles where the _______________ or _______________ theory is taught concerning Israel.
4. There are four factors that have contributed to the Christian Church’s attitude of apathy, deemphasis,
and avoidance of the Old Testament. They are: (1.) The ______ of the Old Testament has
_________ many Christians. (2.) The _______ and __________ of the Old Testament era seem
_______ and _________ to modern Christians. (3.) Some Christians _________ over the so-called
______________ contents of the Old Testament. (4.) The Church has been _________ of
__________________ the dissimilarities of the Testaments.
5. Jesus and the Apostles knew no ___________ but the ______ ___________, for the New Testament
writings were not widely circulated until many years after the death of Jesus.
6. Both Philip and Apollos led people to faith in Jesus as Messiah “by the _____ __________
scriptures.”
7. The Bible is an ___________ book, of _______ ______ without _____ Testaments.
8. Each __________ is fully the _____ of ____; authority resides ________ in both parts.
9. The theology of the early Church was _______ to its very heart; it was Old Testament theology now
raised to its ultimate _________ ____________ in the coming of Jesus.
10. Every text of _________ is there not simply to take up _____, but because it is ____ by the ______
of God and ________ some ____________ concern which prompted it to be taken, by _____
providence, into the canon.
Matching:
___1. Restoring the Old Testament to its proper place centers on
___2. We must carefully distinguish what the Bible reports from
___3. Tefillin
___4. Tassels
A. Prayer Shaw
B. Shema
C. Feast of Tabernacles
D. recovering the
Jewishness of Jesus.
41

___5. Tallit
___6. Sukkot
___7. Pesach
___8. The Feast of Dedication
___9. A prayer which sanctifies God’s name in the presence of death
___10. Hear, O Israel
E. Phylacteries
F. Kaddish
G. Hanukkah
H. Tzitzit
I. what it teaches
J. Feast of Passover
True or False
__1. Numerous common links have been established between rabbinic literature and the New
Testament text.
__2. The Qumran writings or Dead Sea Scrolls illumine a number of obscure New Testament
expressions.
__3. When Jesus said, “…if your eye is good…. But if your eye is bad….” he was speaking of a
physical condition of eyesight.
__4. The “Shema” is one of the most crucial Old Testament texts for the foundational teachings of
both Jesus and Judaism.
__5. During the talmudic period the rabbis taught that every Jew, without exception, was to recite the
Shema twice daily.
__6. Methods of biblical interpretation, the form and order of worship, the church altar, the use of the
pulpit, the titles of church offices, and the vocabulary of prayer all have been taken over and adopted
from Judaism.
__7. The idea of sin as “falling short” or as “missing the mark” was established with Christianity.
__8. Christianity stands fully on its own and can be completely understood without the need to
understand any concept of Judaism or the Old Testament.
__9. The seeds of religious liberty for the American Church come from the Hebrews themselves,
whose sacred Writings inspired the Puritans.
__10. Early American educators, placing a strong emphasis upon Old Testament and Hebraic studies,
insisted that Hebrew be center stage in the realm of higher education.
Fill in the Blank:
1. An important figure in the development of _______ studies at Harvard was _____ _____ _____. In
the summer of 1722, Harvard College appointed ______ instructor of _______, a post that he held for
forty years.
2. ______ stated in a letter to the President of Harvard, “I think the more acquainted the __________
of the _______ are with the ______ ______, and so with the Old Testament, the ______ able they will
be to __________ the New Testament and so to preach….”
42

3. In the year ____, immediately after the establishment of this nation, ____ ______, President of Yale,
declared that the study of the Hebrew language was “_________ to a gentleman’s __________.”
4. With the ______________ of higher education, schools which originally had close ties to the
_______ now found themselves suddenly _______ from their biblical Hebraic roots. Hebrew and Old
Testament studies became _________ or were entirely ________ from the ___________.
5. Instead, the Church has _________ ______ to support itself by a variety of __________ roots.
Consequently, its growth has been _______, its fruitfulness ________.
6. The Old Testament is ____________, not ________, for it is the history of our “own heritage and
faith.”
7. “For __________ that was written in the past was written to _____ us, so that through _________
and the _____________ of the Scriptures we might have ____.”
8. Thus the Old Testament must hold a _______ place in the life of today’s ______. Can we ______
to ____ the Old Testament with any less ______ than did Jesus, Paul, and the early Church?
Part VI: Check it out for yourself! Biblical Studies: We ask you to do this exercise to (1) reinforce
that what is being taught in this book IS biblical, and (2) to let those of you that may be unfamiliar
with the Bible, to learn to use the Bible as a study tool. These scriptures do not appear in the
answer key. You may use additional paper for your answers if we have not left enough room for you
to write
1. Write Matthew 5: 17-20 here:
2. Write Matthew 7: 15 here:
3. Write Romans 11: 25, 26 here:
4. Write Acts 8: 28-35 here:
5. Write Acts 18: 24-28 here:
6. Write Deuteronomy 6: 4-9 here:
7. Write 2 Timothy 3: 16 here:
43

Our Father Abraham Workbook
Chapter 9 The Contour of Hebrew Thought Review Worksheets: p.135-165
Memory Verse: -But his delight is in the law of the LORD, and on His law he meditates day
and night
Psalm 1:2
True or False
___1. The Hebrew Bible is 50 percent poetry.
___2. Hebrew is a precise, analytical language.
___3. Greeks used a tightly contained sequence of arguments that led from premises to a
conclusion. This is known as “step logic”.
___4. It’s easy for Westerners, who’s thought patterns have been influenced by Greeks and
Romans to piece together the block logic of scripture.
___5. Meditation means to articulate, in a low tone, thoughts of worship, wonder, and praise.
___6. Hippocampus is a Hebrew term for “to be alone”, “to seclude oneself” for purposes of
meditation.
44

___7. The Hebrews make no distinction between the sacred and the secular areas of life.
___8. Prayer is the means by which Jews – both ancient and modern – have stayed attuned to
the concept that all of life is sacred.
___9. The concept of “the way” is also found in other religious literature outside the Bible.
___10. Other ancient civilizations produced histories intended primarily to glorify God.
Fill in the Blank
1. The leitmotif (leading motive) of biblical theology states: The gives direction
to on how to relate to the Creator, His people, and His world. _________ ruptures that
relationship. Repentance brings
and restoration to that relationship.
2. Psalm 1:3 uses a simile to describe a righteous man: “He is like a planted by
streams of water, which yields its in season and whose does not wither.”
3. Sometimes the emotional excitement and rapid heartbeat of the poetry is conveyed by the
of the meter and the
of the vowels.
4. The Semites of the Bible did not simply about truth, they ______________
truth.
5. Jews are more interested in discovering what God wants than they are
in describing God’s essence…full reconciliation of seeming contradictions are possible
..
6. Several texts clearly support that meditation was normally , that is, expressed in
words. Psalm 49:3 states, “My mouth shall wisdom; the meditation of my heart shall
be understanding.” The Hebrew parallelism indicates that what is with the
is the same as “meditation.”
7. Each day it is customary for an observant Hasid to make time ______ _________ .
(hitboddadut) for a while so he can meditate by
aloud with God.
8. Jewish prayers tend to be because the entire working day of an observant Jew is
punctuated with
prayers.
9. A Hebrew understood his daily life of faith in terms of a or
. His religion was tantamount to the way in which he chose to . ..
10. The Hebrews did not hold to a concept of history tied closely to the cycles
of . Rather their view of time and history was essentially , durative, and
progressive. In short, it was en route to a , a glorious at the end of this
age.
45

Matching:
__1. Concepts expressed in self-contained units of thought are .
__ 2. An argument that goes from premises to a conclusion in a tightly
linked coherent fashion is considered what type of logic?
__ 3. The Hebrew people lived close to . .
__ 4. The word translated “crimson” is . .
__ 5. One method of painting verbal pictures is through . . .
__ 6. A blind force that dictates what will happen to men is called . . .
__ 7. Hebrews viewed God functionally, not . .
Match the following Hebraisms:
a. Storytelling
b. Fate
c. Nature
d. tola
e. Philosophically
f. Block Logic
g. Step Logic
_ 8. Be angry
h. Gird up the loins
_ 9. Disclose something to another
i. Burn in one’s nostrils
10. Brace oneself j. Unstop one’s ears
Extra Credit Match the Hebrew transliteration to the appropriate organ
_ 11. Leb or Lebab
k. Liver
12. Me’eh l. Heart
___13. Kabed
m. Kidneys
14. Kelayot n. Intestines
Check It out for Yourself
We ask you to do this exercise to (1) reinforce that what is being taught in this book IS
biblical, and (2) to let those of you that may be unfamiliar with the Bible, to learn to use the
Bible as a study tool. We have made one exception in that we have included a example of
“Check It out for Yourself” #1, based on Psalm 1:1&2.
1. In Hebrew thought, to arrive at an answer is not as important as formulating a good
question. Review the following scriptures and formulate a question that is applicable: (be
prepared to answer your own question!)
Leviticus 26:12
2 Samuel 7:24
Jeremiah 31:33
Hebrews 8:8-12
2. Our Western culture portrays a warrior/King as strong and stoic. Based on the following
scripture passages, how does David, a Hebrew warrior/King differ from this concept?
2 Samuel 6:14-16
46

2 Samuel 12:15-23
3. Look up the following Biblical passages on meditation. Briefly state how they support the
concept that meditation was normally verbal and scriptures were intended to be read aloud.
Psalm 49:3
Psalm 19:14
Joshua 1:8
Psalm 1:2
Matthew 18:3-4
4. Everyone who walks through this life chooses a road or way for his journey. Look up the
following versus to see how God’s Word confirms this:
Proverbs 15:9
Psalm 1:6
Job 23:10
Deuteronomy 11:22
Psalm 17:5
Psalm 119:35
Our Father Abraham Workbook
Chapter Ten: Gentiles, Jews and Jewish Heritage pp 166-192
True False
____1. “When Christianity severed itself from Judaism, the Christian faith itself became distorted.”
John Shelby Spong.
____2. Platonism holds that there are 2 worlds: the visible, material world and the invisible spiritual
world.
____3. The father of Christian theology, Origen, was a Platonic philosopher at the school of
Mesopotamia.
____4. Hebrews taught celibacy.
____5. The Old Testament view of man is that he is an animated body rather than an incarnated soul.
____6. Man’s “soul” (nephesh) is primarily his vitality, his life- never a separate “part” of man.
____7. The “Jewish” apocalyptic meaning of resurrections hopes for the complete redemption of man,
body, and soul.
____8. Salvation means the total transformation of the whole person in the new creation that God has
47

promised.
____9. Humans were created to be social and God has constituted His people to function within a
body.
____10. Central to the Hebraic concept of community is the idea of corporate personality.
Matching
__1. The belief of obtaining Salvation by escaping the body through
esoteric knowledge
__2. nephesh
__3. Human beings live as
__4. Ruah
__5. The Hebrews did not treat the human body and it’s functions as
__6. The enjoyment of the physical is rejected in favor of the general
mortification of the flesh.
__7. the Hebrew verb that mans to save or to deliver
__8. Stressed seclusion from the world and society by withdrawal to a
private life of faith.
__9. Yeshu’ah
__10. The Greek term for knowledge is
a. Gnosis
b. evil, shameful., indecent
c. monasticism
d. souls they do not “have souls
e. Gnosticism
f. asceticism
g. salvation (noun)
h. soul
i. Yasha
j. spirit
Fill in the blank
1. Though Timothy’s father Greek, Timothy was reared by his Godly __________ mother
Eunice.
2. We must view ourselves and our world not dualistically but in terms of ________ _______
and oneness.
3. To the Hebrew mind a human being was dynamic ____/____ unity, called to serve God, his
creator passionately, with his whole being, within the ______ world.
4. Genesis 1 gives humanity a cultural mandate; it is a directive not to _______ but to _________
civilization.
5. To the Hebrews, a person is not a ______ or _______ which now inhabits and will at death
desert a body.
6. ___________ membership is never figured on individual basis but rather according to the
number of family units.
7. Jews have taken seriously the __________ teaching that everyone is his brothers keeper thus
each senses a responsibility for his neighbors shortcomings and needs.
8. No one lives in total isolation from his ____________.
9. The church is a community of faith, _______and living just as a synagogue serves as a house
of worship, study and assembly.
10. One who is full of himself has no room for _________.
Multiple Choice
1. Dualism brought in it’s wake an emphasis upon _______.
a. Epicureanism
48

. Asceticism
c. Heresy
d. None of the above
2. In the Rabbi’s view, not to enjoy every legitimate _______ was in essence to be an ingrate
before the Master of the Universe.
a. Pleasure
b. Holiday
c. Commandment
d. Tradition
3. Both nephesh (soul) and ruah (spirit) carry the idea of
a. Pleasure, learning, praise
b. Life, praise, healing
c. Virtue, nourishment and pleasure
d. Animation, vivaciousness and vigor
4. To know the Lord (as expression which the prophet Ezekiel uses in various combinations
about 70 times) was not to __________about Him.
a. Speculate
b. Theorize
c. Intellectualize
d. None of the above
5. The verb _______ is not used in the sense of escape to heaven.
a. Yasha
b. Rapture
c. Ascension
d. All of the above.
Our Father Abraham Workbook
Chapter Eleven: Marriage and the Family Through Hebrew Eyes pp 195-236
Fill in the Blank:
1.In this study of Marriage and the Family through Hebrew eyes, it is essential that the reader have a
realistic perspective on the relation between ______ _________ and ______.
2.Another important factor to remember is although the Jewish traditions and values have been
preserved from generation to generation, history reveals that there is often a gap between how
_______________ live and the ideals of their ______.
49

3.A study of marriage and the family particularly reveals that all people are a mix of ________ and
________, _______ and _______, ____________ and __________.
4.Jewish tradition and secular culture have confronted each other head-on. There are several ways the
modern Jew responds to this confrontation.
__ at all cost.
a. Some Jews are very observant; their aim is to preserve Jewish _________ and
b. Some Jews may be ___________ of their traditions because they have not had the opportunity to
be informed about their traditions.
c. Some Jews may affirm a background or upbringing in the Jewish faith but choose to
_____________ to modern culture.
d. Judaism is _______________, one will find varying shades of opinion among the Jewish people
in defining what is a “good” or a “faithful” Jew. Jewish people may interpret their collective
traditions differently from one another.
5.How does the above relate to the Christian Community?
a. It is important that Christians become informed about Jewish ____________ and
_______________.
b. It is equally important, however, that Christians maintain a realistic understanding of the great
______________ with which the Jewish community has understood and responded these
teachings.
True or False:
1._____ Today’s Christian is not often caught in the web of working overtime or taking a
second job.
2._____ Because of today’s attitude towards material betterment, the family is becoming
fragmented.
3._____ The majority of American wives now work outside the home.
4._____ Because of this materialistic pursuit, marriage and family have been
depreciated through neglect.
5._____ Changing attitudes toward marriage are reflected in those Christians who have
succumbed to a way of thinking called “the “Doonsberry Syndrome.”
6._____ Because of the changing attitudes towards the God-pronounced goodness of
the institution of marriage, many people now see a marriage without children,
or a life of singleness or celibacy, as a more viable option.
50

7._____ Scripture indicates that celibacy is a special gift or vocation from God.
8._____ Marriage is a God given institution.
9._____ It is alright for someone who is single to have a platonic relationship with
someone of the opposite sex.
10._____ A platonic relationship is a deep spiritual comradeship between a man and a
woman, free from sensual desire and the pursuit of sexual ends.
Biblical Foundations: Genesis and Marriage
1.The first reference to marriage in the scripture is found in Genesis 1:27. Look up this
verse and read through verse 31, see what God pronounced upon what He created.
2.In Genesis 2: 22-24, we read a more detailed account of the first marriage. Look up
this passage and see the relationship between man and woman that God intended. Is
this the attitude found in most marriages today? How has the union of man and
woman been distorted in today’s society?
3.Hebrew wisdom literature builds on this foundational teaching. Read Proverbs 18:22.
4.Children are a gift from God and are an expression of his blessing. Re-read
Genesis 1:27 and see what God told Adam and Eve to do.
5.The psalmist celebrates the goodness of family. Read Psalm 127:3, and 128: 2-4,
and put into your own words what is being reflected.
6.Read the Song of Songs 2:16. This verse is frequently inscribed inside the wedding
rings of Jewish couples. How can this apply to the Christian marriage? Read Matthew 19:5-6 and see
what the New Testament says about the uniting of a man and woman in marriage.
7.Man and woman are symbolically matched to one another in a mutually dependent
relationship. Re-read Genesis 2:24. How would you describe the term “one flesh?”
8.For the Hebrew people of Bible times, marriages were arranged. Often the couple did
not meet until the marriage ceremony. In short love came after the marriage. In the modern West
however, the emphasis is more on falling in love first and then marrying rather than learning to love
the one you marry. Read the story of Isaac and Rebekah in Genesis 24.
Fill in the Blank:
Marriage and Sinai: Two Covenants Compared
1.The rabbis regarded the Jewish marriage service as reflecting the main features of
51

God’s _____________ with Israel at Mount Sinai. (203)
2.The covenant ceremony of marriage was seen as a replica or ______________ of
what happened at Sinai. (203)
3.The Bible likens God to a ____________ and the Hebrew people to his bride
(Isa. 54:5, 6; 62:5). (203)
4The “marriage contract” is read to the bride before she is asked to make her final
commitment to the _______________. The rabbis point out that this act is biblically depicted when
God, on Sinai, declared to Israel, “Now if you obey me fully and keep my ______________, then out
of all nations you will be my _________________ possession” (Exodus. 19:5). (204)
5.Jewish tradition teaches that the joining of a man and woman in the covenant of
marriage is a re-enactment or replica of God’s eternal ____________ relation to his chosen. (205)
6.One must prepare for marriage by giving it a serious commitment of ______ and
forethought. (206)
7.One must always keep in mind, despite the current trends, that marriage is a
________________ covenant. It has eternal quality, regardless of the
circumstances. God’s covenant with Israel is ______________ (Gen. 17:7) (206)
8.Marriage is exclusive, this commitment rules out all potential __________ who might
compete for the attention of a marriage partner. (207)
9.The concept of ___________ also teaches us that in marriage one must be a person
of one’s word. (207)
10.As the covenant at Sinai was a renewal and extension of the earlier Abrahamic
covenant, so also the covenant of marriage must be ___________. (207)
Jewish Insights into Marriage and the Family
1.With the possible exception of _________, all the authors of Scripture are Jews. (208)
2.These authors write from the heritage of their own ________ family background. To
gain insight into today’s Christian family one must first understand the Jewish family.
3.Modern American marriages are often based on emotionalism and feelings. But traditional Jewish
marriages seek to be based on yihus, that is, “________________,” “________,” or
“______________.” In other words, these marriages were arranged by a _______________
(shadkhan). (208)
4.Contemporary Christians must take to heart this time-tested Jewish family value.
They must seek to build ___________ which can eventually lead to solid marriages.
5.Judaism places such importance upon the need of ________ for a mate that it begins
52

at birth. Therefore the Christian parents should _________ that God will guide their child in the
selection of a mate. (209)
6.From the biblical era to present times, Judaism has emphasized that marriage is not
simply an individual or __________ matter. Rather, it is an institution in which the whole
______________ has a stake. (210)
7.This support of the group is further underscored by the Hebrew word for “________,"
(mishpahah). Mishpahah does not include only the nuclear _________ but the extended ________ or
clan. (210)
8.The strength and encouragement provided by the mishpahah and larger community is
an important concept for the ____________ to consider today. (210)
9.The joint partaking of a _______________ in the modern Jewish marriage ceremony
is a symbolic act on the part of the couple. It is a reminder that two individual lives have now, in some
new way, become ______. (211)
10.Though marriage is a high and holy calling, when a spouse fails to fulfill the
_____________ to edify and support his or her partner, marriage can easily degenerate to one of the
__________ levels of existence. (213)
Values within the Home
1.All families undergo pressures and challenges, no family Jewish or Christian family, is
immune to __________. Over the centuries the Jewish family has probably experienced more
hardship and adversity than any other group but the Jewish home has remained a___________ ___
__________. (213)
2.After the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem and the scattering of the Jewish nation, the rabbis
began to refer to the home as a miqdash me’at, that is a “______ _________” or “__________
____________.” (214)
3.As a small sanctuary, the rabbis taught that the home, like the Temple was to be set aside for special
purposes. These included the worship of _______ (a house of worship), the learning of ______ (a
house of study), and the serving of _________ ______(a house of assembly). (215)
4.By studying the Jewish concept of miqdash me’at, today’s Christian family will gain greater insight
into the holiness of the marriage relationship, and how each Christian home can become its own
__________ in miniature. (216)
5.Many homes today are marked by internal _______, ________, and ________. A “shalom bayit” is
a home marked by the absence of strife. (217)
6.Hospitality is a fundamental function of the Jewish home. This practice is also central to the Hebraic
heritage of the Church. The Christian community must never consider the concept of hospitality to be
optional. List five rabbinic insights into the practice of hospitality.
53

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Learning about the Family through Fiddler
If at all possible, rent the movie Fiddler on the Roof, it offers fantastic insight into Jewish Tradition.
Note how tradition is an integrated way of life for the people of Anatevka and how this world of
tradition begins to fall apart.
Older and Better: Aging through Hebrew Eyes
1.Our society places a decisive accent on youth and evokes a corresponding fear of ____ ____. (226)
2.Our society also says that people reach their most desired or peak phase in life either in their late teens
or at that coveted milestone, ____ ______ ____. By contrast, the Jewish Scriptures assert that the
pinnacle of a person’s life is in____ ____. (226)
3.The biblical emphasis, however, is not on one reaching his prime physically in old age, but rather
__________, ______________, and __________. Thus aging was a cause for celebration: indeed, to
be ________ was better. (227)
4.There are several biblical concerns that are essential to our understanding those who are advanced in
years, list them below:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Our Father Abraham Workbook
Chapter Twelve Passover and Last Supper pp.237-255
True or False
54

____1. The Synoptic Gospels indicate that the Last Supper was a traditional Jewish Passover meal
____2. The Passover celebration retold the story of freedom after more than four hundred years of
Egyptian bondage.
____3. The celebration of Passover is not found in any of the books of the Apocrypha.
____4. Each Jew slaughtered his own lamb.
____5. The legs of the sacrificial lamb were broken
____6. The mood of the Passover celebration is joyous and festive.
____7. Jesus consumed the fourth cup of wine with his disciples.
____8. The New Testament compares Jesus to the Passover Lamb.
____9. The Samaritans do not continue to observe annually the blood sacrifice of the Passover Lamb.
____10. The promise of Passover is stated in Exod. 12:13 "When I see the blood, I will pass over you."
Fill in the Blank
1. Passover is the oldest of Jewish festivals; it originated over _________ _______ years ago.
2. Another festival held immediately following Passover is the _______________ of
___________ ____________.
3. Passover was to be at the full moon on "the first month" of spring. The month was called
___________.
4. The _____________________ (not a substitute) was obliged to explain the meaning of the
ceremony to his children.
5. A key point of instruction came with the ceremonial question of _____ ________ _____ ______
_____ _________ ______ _________ _________?
6. Four cups of wine were consumed. The third cup was known as the ________ _______
_________ ________.
7. In Jewish belief, messianic hope is kindled more strongly during ______________ than at any other
season.
8. All future generations of Israelites were to celebrate Passover as a _________ _______
____________________.
9. The Passover feast has centered upon the family in the home for more than
___________ ___________ _________________.
10. After the ceremony, many feasters spent the night in ____________ and ______________.
Terminology
(Write in the definition of the following Hebrew words)
1. Pesah
2. Haggadah
3. Magnalia
4. Matzot
5. Hametz
6. Seder
7. Omer
55

8. Shabuot
9. Galut
Our Father Abraham Workbook
56

Chapter Thirteen Jews, Christians, and the Land pp. 256-277
True or False
____1. There was never a time when all Jews left the land.
____2. The election of the patriarch Abraham and the election of the land came at different times.
____3. The Hebrew Bible describes this promised land as an actual piece of earthly real estate with specific
geographical boundaries.
____4. The Bible does not emphasize precisely defined borders, but rather simply the land of Canaan.
Matching
1. "Go, walk through the length and breadth of the land, a. Amos 9:15
for I am giving it to you."
2. God's "everlasting covenant" with Israel b. Ezek 38:12
3. In exile, the Jews found it difficult to sing the songs of c. Gen 13:17
the LORD in a foreign land.
4. "I will plant Israel in their own land, never again to be d Ps 137:4
uprooted…."
5. The land of Israel was considered to be the "center of e. Gen 17:19
the earth".
Fill in the Blank
1. Year after year, the Passover Seder concludes with the phrase, __________________
________________________________!
2. The concept of chosen ness surrounding Abraham was a matter of pure _____________.
3. One of the obstacles for Arab recognition of Israel concerns the _________________
__________________________.
Terminology
(Write in the definition of the following Hebrew words)
1. Hesed
2. Berit
3. Ya'al
4. Eretz Israel
5. Ha-Tiqvah
6. Shalom
Dates
(Match the event with its date.)
1. U.N. adopted the Partition Plan a. 1897
2. Balfour Declaration b. 1917
3. State of Israel was officially founded c. 1922
4. The first Zionist Congress d. Nov. 29, 1947
5. Britain was granted a mandate over Palestine e. May 14, 1948
Mini-Essay
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1. What was the primary reason for God not abandoning Israel in spite of their rebellious spirit?
2. In the Tenakh, God's covenant faithfulness with his people guarantees their what?
3. Who is stressed repeatedly in the Hebrew Scriptures as being the true owner of the land?
4. What are the two main perspectives, or approaches, to understanding the State of Israel by contemporary
Christians?
5. A third option to understanding the right of the Jewish people to a secure homeland is based primarily on
what issues?
58

Our Father Abraham Workbook
Chapter Fourteen A Life of learning: The Heart of Jewish Heritage pp 278-313
Part 1: True or False
____1. From early in Israel’s history the center of education was the synagogue.
____2. Adhad Ha-Am said “Jewish learning has always been the root and fountainhead
of Jewish life…without Jewish learning we cannot be Jews.”*
____3. Jews know that they and their religious heritage would perish from the earth if
they neglected to pass its teachings on to their children.*
____4. The center of education was the home.
____5. Education rests primarily with the Rabbi.
____6. The most common function of the sage was to give wisdom or counsel to people
needing practical advise for living.
____7. God was concerned with the whole human being and the whole of life.
____8. In the presence of wisdom, folly begins to vanish.
____9. Today the Church must not loose sight of the emphasis upon clothing truth in loving
deeds.
___10. The greek approach to knowledge is found in the New Testament.
Part 2: Matching
__1. The Torah was given (scripture)
a. school children
__2. The secret of Jewish survival is ____ ____ __ b. Deut 4:9
__3. Teach them to your children and to their children after them (scripture) c. Ps 119:105
__4. Three educational authorities that influence society other than family d. David
members are _____, ______, and _______.
__5. The patron of the law was ______.
e. learning, learning,
learning
__6. The world exists by the breath of _____ ______
f. Solomon
__7. The path to the good life was intellect.
g. Priest, prophet,
Wiseman
__8. Patron of psalms and music
h. Hebrew.
__9. Who maintains that wisdom is practical?
i. greek knowledge
__10. patron of wisdom literature
j. Moses
Part 3: Fill in the Blank
1. Jews have long been called “ _________ _______ _______ __________ ___________!
2. It is the _______ of the teacher which is the _____pupils read.
3. The wisdom literature of ancient Israel is mainly found in the books of ________, _______, ____,
______ of ________ and certain _________.
4.________ _____ might be called the handmaids of wisdom.
5. Wisdom is the _____ _______ to function successfully, to the best possible advantage, in one’s
______ area of _______.
6. ______ wisdom properly meant to have ___________ ________, ________ or ________
_________.
7. The term __________ is descriptive of an attitude, _______ of ________ or direction in life which
59

needs __________.
8. In Hebrew thought to “_______” something was to ________ it.
9. The verb ______ denotes “an act involving ______, _____ ______, _______ or attachment to a
person.
It also means to have _______, _______ or ___________for someone.
10. The _______ of God is the beginning of ________.
Part 4: Terminology
(Write in the definition of the following words)
1. Koheleth or (Qohelet)
2. Hokhmah
3. peti (pethi)
4. kesil and ewil
5. letz
6. yada
7. hanakh
8. ra’ah
9. shanan
10. yarah
11. lamad
12. oxgoad
13. close of OT. Talmid
14. Rabbinic period Talmid
15. Talmud
16. Bet Midrash
17. Bet Sepher
18. heder
19. Mishneh
20. Karat Berit
21. maror
22. aron qodesh
23. yadah
24. abodah
25. ahodenu
Matching:
__1. One who is teachable
__2.Self-confident dullard
__3. rejects instruction, babbles thoughtlessly
__4. objectionable to both men and God
__5. says that there is no God
__6. knowledge of God
__7. know thyself
__8. taught to be different, holy
__9. taught holiness of life was not tied to
education
__10. Greek idea of physical work
a. kesil – hardened fool
b. letz
c. ewil
d. peti
e. nabal
f. Greek system of knowledge
g. Jewish education
h. only appropriate for slaves
i. Greek education
j. Hebrew system of knowledge
60

Fill in the Blank
1. In the Hebrew system…man can never know himself, what he is and what is his
relation to the world, unless first he learn of ______ and be ________ to God’s
sovereign will.
2. The greek system starts from the knowledge of _________, and seeks to rise to an
understanding of the _______ and ______ of ________ through the knowledge of what is
called “man’s higher nature.”
3. Greek teaching did not usually concern itself with the ______ of the student’s _______
_______ and his education in the deepest sense.
4. Jewish education was for ________ people and concerned the ______ person.
5. Greeks learned to _________.
6. Hebrews learned to _________.
7. The parent must _______observe each child and seek to _______ ______ for each child’s
__________ self-_________.
8. Parents need to see that their responsibility is to primarily ________, to teach the child to
choose the ________ _________, only then will the child be enabled to “______ ______
______”.
Part 6: Mini-Essay
6. List the two verses and the one other sentence shown to a child on the first day of school.
7. What is the method of examination Heschel suggests?
8. What occupations were Hillel, Shammai, Joshua, Ishmael, Hura and Paul involved in? Why?
9. Which scriptures teach about receiving payment for religious teaching?
Fill in the Blanks:
1. In the N.T the office of pastor is literally that of ________ and embraces two roles in
one _____-_____.
2. Like ________, teachers must spend _______ time _________ and sustaining the learner.
3. The teacher has the ability to _________ and explain issues and to solve problems.
4. For the teacher God’s word is to be an instrument which “_____” or “________” as he drills
his points home to his pupils.
5. An __________ inscription from the _________ period records the words of a teacher in
Egypt. “the _____ of the _____ is on his back, and he ________ when he is __________.
6. The ___________ gradually became the center for study in the community, however, and
following N.T. , it became known as the “____ of _____”.
7. The _______ _______ credits the synagogue with establishing the first district school system
61

for youths.
8. The earliest years (of school children) were spent in the _______ ________ where reading of
the ________ _______ was taught.
9. By age 10 study of the _______ _______ began in the _______ _______.
10. Around age ____, gifted and diligent pupils might continue their studies in their spare time at a
_______ ________.
11. The _______ states that no one should use the Torah as “_______” for the digging of wealth.
12. “He who studies the ________ and does not _________ is like one who _______ and does not
_______.
13. The most important quality for being a good scholar was a _______ and _________ memory.
14. About ___ of the Hebrew bible is _______.
15. The primary purpose of prayer is to _______ to _______to ________.
16. The Hebrews learned much of their knowledge of theology and history from reciting in song
the ______ ________ acts of ________.
17. The Hebrew word ________ has a double meaning, embracing two action that are normally
viewed as mutually exclusive or contradictory to each other: _______ and _______.
18. The ________ have long taught that a person _________ and ________ God not simply from
the depths of his ___________ or soul but with his _______ and _________ as well.
19. Learning is ________ and life is for _________.
20. The only viable option is to _________ oneself to learning, a ________-_________ adventure
in worship.
62

Our Father Abraham Workbook
Part V Toward Restoring Jewish Roots
Chapter 15- If Not Now…When….pp 319-337
Part 1: True or False
__1. Throughout this volume we have stressed that the essence of Biblical faith is worship.
__2. The popular use of “religion” distorts how the Jewish Biblical writers define a godly life.
__3. One can approach in a purely academic manner.
__4. One’s deepest spiritual identity is with a Jewish Lord and that one’s salvation is from the Jews.
__5. To be grafted into Israel is to be grafted into a Jewish people.
__6. Christians should live the truth is a convincing manner.
__7. Theology is a human and fallible discipline
__8. The Church is the “New Israel”.
__9. Dialog must be viewed as an opportunity to over come the “opposition”.
__10. Conversion is the work of God, not of human beings.
Fill in the Blanks:
1. Religion is commonly thought to be a state of life to which one is bound by certain
____, _____, _______ or _________.
2. __________ or _____________ on the part of Christians have probably proved over
the centuries to be the greatest __________ to positive relations with the Jewish
community.
3. The overall stance of the Church toward the Jews has been _____________.
4. Three avenues and resources are available and useful in fostering Christian
appreciation of Jewish roots: __________ __________ through interfaith dialog,
_____________ ___________ and _________ _________.
5. Dialog is a means for ____________ personal ________and __________ through a
mutual search for truth.
6. Whenever the Jewish faith is ________, or it’s people wronged by the ________ of
Christians, the very integrity of the Christian message is ____________.
7. Knowledge that has been acquired should be ________, built into the ________ of
_________.
8. The Biblical __________ to indifference , alienation, and hostility is ________.
9. The only love that is ________ of the name “____________” is free, spontaneous, and
accepting of others, with ___ ____________ attached.
10. The _______ of anti-Judaism and anti-Semitism is virtually as ______ as the
_________ of the Church.
63

Multiple Choice:
1. Hebrews viewed life as a
a. Personal relationship renewed each day with the living God
b. Holy and whole
c. Response of one’s whole person in love and total obedience with the creator
d. All of the above
2. The process of restoring the Jewish roots of the Christian faith involves
a. Learning Jewish values
b. History
c. Culture
d. Restoring relationships
e. All of the above
3. Change involves
a. A process and normally comes slowly
b. Expecting instantaneous results.
c. Comes easy and at no price
d. Is not necessary
4. Dialog is not a
a. Stage for blaming others for sins of the past
b. Platform to exploit one’s neighbor
c. Platform to promote one’s own program
d. Place to seek greatness for yourself
e. All of the above.
Part 6: Mini-Essay
1. What are three areas where there are differences between Jews and Christians in
dialog.
2. List three common Jewish misunderstandings of Protestant Christian.
3. List two ways Christians can deepen their knowledge of Jews and Judaism.
64

4. What must a Christian do when seeking knowledge of Jews and Judaism?
5. What are seven ways that may open communication and relationships with the Jewish
community?
Answer Key for Our Father Abraham Study Guide
1 st Revision
A Note to the Teacher/Student::
I have tried to choose the most important points of each chapter. Please be
flexible in what is required of each student according to his or her own
personal skills of reading and writing. Some may not be able to handle written
essay questions and answers, so we ask that when working with beginners to
these studies that the teacher be flexible in the amount of essay work that is
done. You may choose the exercises!
Nothing in this workbook is intended to be frustrating to the student! The
ability to verbalize information is just as valuable as written answers. Some may
need to have their materials read to them, and then give the teacher verbal
answers on audio tape instead of in writing. I ask that teachers take these
lessons as SUGGESTIONS only. If someone cannot handwrite the answers, then
please see what method best suits them as students engaged in a POSITIVE
ACTIVITY. If you are not willing to check the assignments, then don’t assign the
work. By not evaluating the assignments, you loose an intimacy that the student
needs with you. It becomes just busy work and has no value to the student as a
result. Intimate relationships do cost something between teacher and student ----
time! Hebraic concepts of education are VERY flexible and designed to move the
student forward and not backwards! A stumbling block halts the progress of the
student. Praise and reward are necessary to keep everyone happy in these
studies.
I am including a chart on the next page that I want you to look over and discuss
with your family and friends. Many of the things that are pointed out in this
chart are not available even in today’s Jewish Roots Movement. We need to
realize that the most important thing in our lives as believers is an intimate
relationship with the LORD Jesus/Yeshua. Balance and intimacy with HIM is
65

conveyed through our daily walk in our family and in our communities. If we
present legalistic inflexible models of people, then we do not convey the proper
image of HIM. Many of us need to be gentler and kinder and softer around our
families, and in our communities. We’re into tearing down walls, and not
building them up. Let HIM shine forth instead of your flesh. Become that gentle
New Creature that we read about in the New Testament.
HaY’Did Learning Center
10737 Meadow Crest Drive
Broken Arrow, OK 74014
* shalom@haydid.org *http://www.haydid.org
Hebraic Practices of the Early Church
By the third century many anti-Semitic writings and practices had entered the Church through
the teachings and philosophical influences of converted Greek philosophers. Their attempts to
reconcile Plato and Christianity replaced the Hebraic foundations that had strengthened the
Early Church. Mike and Sue Dowgiewicz cover (this transition and its effects more fully in
Reclaiming the Early Church. The following short comparison illustrates the differences
between the Hebraic and Greek approaches to living out the Word of God.)
Hebraic
Active B appeals to the heart
Process Oriented
β Emphasizes direct participation
β Emphasizes age and wisdom
Role modeling, mentoring, and discipleship
β Leadership by personal example
β Character of leader essential
β Personal relationships essential
Biblical Application
β Doers of the Word
β Bible - reality that must be confronted
β Goal - to develop Christlikeness
Ministry Activity
β Small intimate groups
β Leader is a facilitator
β Cooperative, participatory planning
β Spiritual gifts shared
β Frequent scheduled and unscheduled gatherings
Fruit
β
β
Love, acceptance, forgiveness
Transparency encouraged
66

β
β
β
β
Active participation
A How to Serve is vital
Each believer is trained to serve
Produces mature believers
This is an excerpt from Restoration Ministries brochure.
Orders for materials: 1-888-229-3041
Excellent materials!!!
Greek
Cognitive B appeals to the intellect
Program Oriented
; Heavy program emphasis
; Emphasizes education
; Relies on speaking skills, oratory, programmed materials, information conveyance
; Leader’s personal life immature
; Personal relationships optional
Biblical Application
; Belief without cost to self
; Bible - data that must be taught
; Focus on rules –do’s & don’ts
; Emphasis distinct denominations
Ministry Activity
; Large impersonal groups
; Leader-directed and controlled
; Organizational roles important
; Acquisition of knowledge emphasized
; Reliance on scheduled gatherings
Fruit
; Mutual tolerance
; Transparency discouraged
; Passivity and lethargy
; A What you know is vital
; Trained professional utilized
; Produces spectators
Restoration Ministries
4343 East Soliere, Apt 1010,
Flagstaff, AZ 86004
Mike and Sue Dowgiewicz MikeDowg@aol.com
67

Preface
True or False
1. True; 2. True; 3. True; 4. True; 5. True; 6. True; 7. False; 8. False; 9. False; 10. True
Fill in the Blanks:
1. unsettling; 2. Biblical; 3. Spiritual 4. Hebrew; 5. Semites, grafted, Christian, Old, Selected;
practical. 6. End 7. A Selective Bibliography, Index of Biblical Texts, Index of Rabinic
Literature, Indes of Other Early Exrabiblical Literature, Index of Authors, Index of Subjects,
Index of Hebrew Words, Index of Greek Words.
(NOTE: See What Does Torah Mean? by
Cheryle Holeman for a workbook over this
word study of the word Torah. . Excellent for
beginners.)
Chapter One:
Matching:
1.a; 2. d; 3. b; 4. e; 5. c; 6. f; 7. I; 8. g;
9. h; 10. j
Fill in the Blanks:
1. Israelite, culture;
2. (These do not have to be in this order) a. God told him that his offspring would inherit the land of
Canaan; b. God also promised Abraham, all peoples will be blessed through you; c. Abraham would
have many descendants.
3. (Does not have to be these exact words, but the paragraph needs to reflect these thoughts)
Peter explained to his fellows Jews that Gentile believers are not spiritual rather than lineal
descendants of Abraham and that they CAN share in this Abrahamic kinship. All Christians find their
origins in Abraham, the Hebrew, for as Paul states, AIl you belong to Christ, then you are Abraham’s
seed. (Galatians 3:29). A blood line need not be sought after to belong to Christ, in other words. We
are grafted in by our faith in Jesus.
4. biblical roots;
5. A What does it mean to claim spiritual kinship with Abraham and the Jewish people?
6. world, culture;
7. A Greek thought and culture; Hebrew.
8. Jewish.
9. Pharisaic.
10. Dr. Wilson’s viewpoint is that sometimes a word is thought of differently when thought of in a
different culture. (Your words may be different for this answer as long as you have the concept
correct.) He gives the example of Torah meaning a teaching to a Jew and a law or rules and
regulations to a Hellenist or Greek thinking person.
11. Paul.
12. Torah; Hebraic. 13. Hebraic; Jerusalem.
14. Moses and the Prophets; Plato and the Academies.
15. Hebrew
68

16. They lived, moved about, and participated within the same East Mediterranean cultural continuum
as their neighbors.
17. Egyptians
18. Mesopotamia.
19. Treaty formulas; Hittites.
20. Canaanites.
21. Huram or Hiram .
22. Athens; resurrection.
23. Epimenides.
24. The origin of their religion was rooted in divine revelation and not in pagan sources.
25. Greek, Roman, Canaanite, Mesopotamia, Egyptian
26. Style of dress; eating habits, manner of worship, ethics and morals.
27. Their understand of God and His Relationship to their lives.
28. Hebraically.
29. Christianity.
30. a. No (Romans 11:1) b. not to be arrogant or to boast. c. Gentiles d. NO! e. sap f. Israel g. Gentiles
h. YES! I. Nourishment and support in our relationship with them. j. Nourishment and support. k. NO!
They are only blinded for a season l. We are to provoke them to jealousy. m. Rome’s economy centers
on the olive oil economy. They could understand his illustration.
(This is a very Jewish concept of using things that people are familiar with as illustrations. c)
31. Mercy.
32. Israel; religious society. OUCH!
33. Israel.
34. Jewish, Jewish
35. Church; Hellenism.
Chapter Two:
Fill in the Blanks:
1. fellow, with; 2. Judaic, self-hatred, divisions of the same Book; 3. Church, Jewish, Jewish,
cornerstone. 4. Bearing false witness; 5. True, spiritual, heart, personal; 6. Moses; 7. Coming world,
works, mercy. 8. Gentiles, sacrifice, idols, sexual; 9. Idolatrous; 10. Immersed, cleansing, defilement;
11. Chosen people, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people belonging to God, Diaspora, saints,
disciples, heirs, fellow-partakers, ekklesia, called out, Church, believers, 12. Believers or Church, 13.
Fellow believers. 14. Ignorant.
True or False:
True Answers: 16, 17, 20, 23, and 25.
Fill in the Blanks:
26. gentile, Judaism; 27. Faith, obligation; 28. Ceremonial, Hellenistic, liberal; 29. Circumcision; 30.
Judaizers, Pharisees, circumcision; 31. Ebionites, Judaizing; 32. Poverty, rejected.
33. ritual; 34. Judaizing; 35. Voluntarily, not, Judaizing, practice; 36. – 39. A resounding NO!!
40.Judaizing in Bible Times 40. separation, Jewish, cannot, Jew, Judaize; 41. Jewish, defective,
Jewish; 42. opposed, salvation, grace; 43. Technically; 44. Spiritual, not, right, Gentiles, faith; 45. Not,
free.
69

Paul and the Law (46-56)
True or False:
Only 56 is false.
Romans 11
Fill in the Blanks:
Part I: (a) God forbid; (b) Israelite; (c) not; (d) myself; (e) remnant; (f) grace; (g) grace; (h) no more;
(i) grace; (j) grace; (k) grace; (l) election; (m) blinded; (n) God forbid!; (0) salvation; (p) Gentiles; (q)
jealousy; (r ) fullness; (s) some; (t) receiving; (u) branches; (v) grafted; (w) boast.
Part II: (a) unbelief; (b) broken off; (c) faith; (d) high-minded; (e) not; (f) natural; (g) thee; (h)
severity; (i ) goodness; (j) continue; (k) cut off; (l) unbelief; (m) shall; (n) able; (o) own; (p) conceits;
(q) blindness; (r ) part; (s) fullness; (t) Gentiles; (u) all; (v) my; (w) touching; (x) beloved; (y) without;
(z) mercy; (aa) their; (bb) your; (cc) his; (dd) ways.
Multiple Choice
1. C; 2. B; 3. C; 4. A; 5. C; 6. B; 7. A; 8. B; 9. A; 10. D; 11. A; 12. E; 13. A; 14. A; 15. B; 16. A; 17.
B; 18. A; 19. B; 20. F.
Chapter Three
Fill in the Blanks:
1. Matt. 1:16, Luke 2:21, Luke 2:44-43, Luke 2:46-47, Luke 4:16. because it has been estimated
that one can find parallels in rabbinical literature to perhaps as much as 90% of Jesus'
teachings
2. Pharisaic
3. 1) hillsides, 2) fields, 3) remote locations
4. itinerant teacher, Judaism
5. Hebrew Scriptures, rabbinical traditions
6. directly, own authority
7. "sect Nazarene", described, enjoying, favor, people. (2:47)8. Nazarenes Nazarene
9. Twelve
10. weeks, Jewish Feast Weeks, Feast Harvest
11. loaves leavened, salted bread, freshly ripened grain
12. Joel
13. "turn around, return, renounce."
14. 1) confession of guilt 2) regret, expressing shame, sorrow 3) resolution commit the sin 4)
reconciliation God
15. renewed restored forgiveness love community
16. Benjamin, Pharisees, Gamaliel
17. Hebrew
18. Hebraists or Hebrews, Hellenists or Grecian Jews
19. Hellenistic
20. Sanhedrin, Temple
21. rejecting Righteous One (Jesus)
22. persecution, Jerusalem
70

23. Hellenists, Hebraists
24. Philip
25. Samaria, Gaza, and Caesarea, Ashdod
26. gracious, cooperative spirit
27. relationship, Messiah, blooming, Jewish faith
28. root out
29. God-fearers, Gentiles
30. Hebraic, Hellenistic
31. de-Judaization
32. foundational core
33. Peter, obstacles
34. experiential grounds
35. Paul and Barnabas, Antioch , Syria
36. AD 49
37. circumcision
38. 1) theological necessity circumcision righteousness 2) preconditions potentially entangling
qualifications 3) Salvation gift, God 4) honor conscience Jewish brothers
sisters
39. 1) food polluted idols 2) eating blood or meat from which the blood had not been drained in a
kosher manner3) the meat of strangled animals (a guideline similar to the preceding)4) fornication
- that is, pagan standards concerning sex
40. seven Noachian (Noachide) commandments
41. Noah (Gentiles)
42. 1) prohibition of the worship of other gods 2) blaspheming the name of God 3) cursing
judges 4) murder 5) incest and
adultery 6) robbery, and 7) the
prohibition of eating flesh with
the blood of life in it
43. boldest, magnanimous, annals, church history
Chapter Four:
Matching:
1. B; 2. C; 3. A; 4. B; 5. C; 6. A.
True or False
7. T; 8. F; 9. F; 10. T; 11. F; 12. T.
Fill in the Blanks:
13. Temple 14. Atoning; 15. Body; 16. Lamb; 17. Love; compassion; 18. Rework; 19. Abba; 20.
Redeemer; 21 revolution; 22 Jesus, Lord; dead; 23. Paying taxes; King, Jews; 24.arrest; flogging; 25.
Zealots; 26. Stephen; 27. James; 28. Apostles; resurrection; 29. Saul; 30. Damascus; 31. Paul; Priest.
Chapter Five
71

Matching Answers:
1.K, 2. J, 3. I or L, 4. C. 5. L or I, 6. H, 7. D, 8. F, 9. G, 10. C. 11. B, 12. A.
Multiple Choice Answers:
1. C, 2. A, 3. C, 4. D, 5. B.
True or False:
3 & 4 are the only true answers.
Chapter Six:
Fill in the Blanks:
1. 63, 26, 37; 2. 49, no; 3. Jews; 4. Died; 5. Fire, Christians; 6. 15, 19; 7. 34; 8. 66, 73, Zealots.
salvation; 9. Temple, emperor’s; 10. Jerusalem, Judea, Idumea, Perea, Galilee (does not need to be in
this order to be correct); 11. Vespasian; 12. Josephus; 13. Rome, emperor, Titus; 14. 70, Temple,
Tens, sword(s), starvation, graphic; 15. Masada; 16. Silva, ramps; 17. 967.
18. 66, 60, Jesus/Yeshua; 19. Failure, traitors; 20. Temple, close, unifying; 21. Church; Jewish; 22.
James, 14 or 15; 23. James, James; 24. Jews, James, Temple or Jerusalem; 25. 19; Jews; 26. Paul,
Hebrew, Hebrew; 27. Pella, Jesus/Yeshua; 28. Gradual; 29. Rome; 30. Jewish, Jewish, synagogue; 31.
Judaism, synagogue, process, second; 32. Zealots, Sadducees, Essene (not necessarily in that order to
be correct); 33.
Pharisee, Nazarenes, contention. 34. Ritual, home, kindness; charity; 35. Jerusalem, Sanhedrin,
scribes; 36. Johanan, Hillel, 80, 85; 37. Gamaliel II, Birat ha-Minim; 38. Territorial, survival, faith; 39.
Traditions, unity; 40. Hillel, unification; 41. pluralism; 42. Mishnah, Judah the Prince; 43.Temple,
liturgy; 44. Book of the Aprocypha, Holy Writ, Masorah, Law, Prophets, Writings; 45. Rabbinic,
rabbis, honor, rabbi; 46. Protect, Christians or Christianity, Jewry, sectarians, defectors; 47.
Circumcision, Jewish, Church; 48. Jewish, gentile. 49. rejected; 50. Observed, Sunday, Jesus’ or
Lord’s, Christian, Sunday; 51. Ignatius, Sabbath; 52. Didache, 120; 53. Sunday rejection, Law; 54.
Jerusalem, believing non-Jews, Luther, Sabbatarian, legalistic or legalism; 55. Church, NOT, Jew,
Greek, Christ Jesus/ Yeshua the Messiah.
56. Temple, Tinneius Rufus, circumcision, Hellenization; 57. Son of a star, messiah; 58. Resumed,
Temple, writings, men.
59. Jews; 60. Jerusalem, wall, plowed; 61. Aelia Capitolina, temple, Jupiter, pagans, Jews, death.
62. Jewish, messiah, Jesus/Yeshua, Jesus/Yeshua, Jesus/Yeshua; 63.Simon/BarKokhba, Jesus/Yeshua;
64. Synagogue, Judaism, Simon/BarKokhba.
65. Jewish, 400, Jerome, second; 66. Israel, Justin the Martyr, 160; 67. Jewish, extension.
Jesus/Yeshua, Israel; 68. Christians, Israel, gentile, grafted, believing, Israel, replaced (or taken the
place of), separate; 69. Jews, Gentiles, Israel, Justin the Martyr, lost; 70. de-Judaized, Jewish, anti-,
present.
Chapter Seven:
True or False:
The only False statements were 3, 6 and 8.
Mulitiple Choice:
10. C; 11. D; 12. D; 13. C; 14. B; 15. C; 16. D; 17. C; 18. E; 19. B; 20. D; 21. D; 22. D.
72

Fill in the Blank:
23. deviate; 24. synagogue & church; 25. root (Israel); 26. do not; 27. Jerusalem & Temple; 28.
historical & cultural; 29. evil; 30. Old Testament
Chapter Eight:
True or False
1. T; 2. F; 3. T; 4. T; 5. T; 6. F; 7. F; 8. T; 9. F; 10. T
Fill in the Blanks:
1. Marcionism; 2. New, Testament, minimized, Hebraic; 3. Neo-Marcion, displacement,
supersession; 4. (1.) size, intimidated, (2.) time, language, remote, strange, (3.) stumble, sub-Christian,
(4.) guilt, overemphasizing; 5. Bible, Hebrew, Scriptures; 6. Old, Testament; 7. Incomplete, limited,
value, both; 8. Testament, Word, God, equally; 9. Hebraic, spiritual, significance; 10. Scripture,
space, given, Spirit, contains, theological, God’s
Matching:
1. D; 2. I; 3. E; 4. H; 5. A; 6. C; 7. J; 8. G; 9. F; 10. B
True or False
1. T; 2. T; 3. F; 4. T ; 5. F; 6. T ; 7. F; 8. F; 9. T; 10. T
Fill in the Blank:
1. Hebrew, Rabbi, Judah, Monis, Hebrew; 2. Monis, Ministers, Gospel, Hebrew, tongue, better,
understand; 3. 1777, Ezra, Stiles, essential, education; 4. secularization, Church, severed, optional,
removed, curriculum; 5. struggled, vainly, artificial, stunted, impaired; 6. foundational, optional; 7.
everything, teach, endurance, encouragement, hope; 8. central, Church, afford, view, esteem
Chapter Nine
True or False
1. F; 2. F; 3. T; 4. F; 5. T; 6. F;
7. T; 8. T; 9. T; 10. F
Fill in the Blank:
1. Torah, Israel, Sin, forgiveness; 2. tree, fruit, leaf; 3. quickness, shortness; 4. think,
experienced;
5. man to do, only in God; 6. verbal, spoken, speak, spoken, mouth; 7. to be alone, talking;
8. short, sentence; 9. journey, pilgrimage, walk; 10. circular, nature, linear, goal, climax
Matching:
1. (f); 2. (g); 3. (c); 4. (d); 5. (a); 6. (b); 7. (e); 8. (i); 9. (j); 10. (h); 11. (l); 12. (n); 13.
(k); 14. (m)
73

Part IV: Check It out for Yourself
1. Example: Based on Psalm 1:1&2
Q. How can a person be happy and prosperous?
A. Do not listen to the advice of a person who does not delight themselves in the instructions and
teaching of God’s word.
Chapter Ten:
True or False
1.T- 2.T- 3.F- 4.F 5.T- 6.T- 7.T- 8.T- 9.T- 10.T
Matching:
1. e, 2.h, 3.d, 4.j, 5.b, 6.f, 7.i, 8.c, 9.g, 10.a
Multiple Choice
1.b, 2.a, 3.d, 4.c, 5.a
Fill in the Blank
1. Jewish
2. Dynamic unity
3. body/soul, physical
4. escape, establish
5. soul, spirit
6. Synagogue
7. biblical
8. neighbor
9. learning
10. God
Chapter Eleven:
1. Jewish tradition, life
2. individuals, faith
3. strength and weakness, good and evil, faithfulness and failure
4a. tradition and teaching
4b. ignorant
4c. assimilate
4d. polychromatic
5a. ideals and traditions
5b. diversity
True or False
1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T 5. F 6. T 7. T 8. T 9. T 10. T
Fill in the Blank:
74

1. covenant 2. reenactment 3. bridegroom 4. bridegroom, covenant,
treasured 5. covenant 6. time 7. permanent, everlasting 8. rivals 9.
covenant 10. renewed
Fill in the Blank:
1. Luke 2.Jewish 3.family background, stock, pedigree, matchmaker
4.friendships 5.prayer, pray 6.private, community 7.family, family,
family 8.Church 9.common cup, one 10.responsibility, lowest
Fill in the Blank:
1. stress, bastion of strength 2.small sanctuary, miniature temple 3.God, Torah, community
needs 4.Temple 5.Strife, conflict, and tension
6a. The rabbis considered hospitality one of the most important
functions of the home.
6b. One was not to discriminate in the showing of hospitality.
6c. Children were taught to be hospitable.
6d. Guests were to be received graciously and cheerfully.
6e. Guests had a responsibility to the host.
Chapter Twelve
Fill in the Blank:
1. old age 2.age twenty-one, old age 3.spiritually, psychologically,
mentally, older 4a. We must help the elderly face physical
decline.
4b. We are to honor those who are older than we.
4c. We must care for the elderly.
4d. We are to seek out our elders for the wisdom of their years.
4e. We should seek to keep elderly people active to the end.
4f. The elderly need to be reassured of the hope they possess
beyond this life.
True or False:
1. T; 2. T; 3. F; 4. T; 5.F; 6.T; 7. F; 8. T 9. F; 10. T
Fill in the Blanks
1. three thousand; 2. Feast of Unleavened Bread; 3.Abib; 4. father; 5. "Why is this night different
from all other nights?" 6. "cup of redemption"; 7. Passover; 8. lasting ordinance; 9. nineteen
centuries; 10. worship prayer.
Terminology
1. Passover; 2. Explaining, telling; 3. Great redemptive events of Biblical faith; 4. Bread without yeast;
5. Leaven; 6. Set "order of sequence"; 7. Sheaf; 8. Weeks; 9.Exile
Chapter Thirteen
True or False
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1. T; 2. F; 3. T (Gen15:18-21; Num 34:2-12; Josh 15:1-12; Ezek 47:13-20); 4.T
Matching:
1. c; 2. e; 3. d; 4. a; 5. .b
Fill in the Blank:
1. "Next year in Jerusalem";
2. grace;
3. Holy City of Jerusalem
Terminology:
1. loyal love; 2. covenant; 3. Let him go up; 4. The land of Israel; 5. The Hope; 6.Peace
Dates:
1. d; 2. b; 3. e; 4. a; 5. c.
Mini-Essay:
His reputation and honor among the nations
Security, validity, and permanent existence (2 Sam. 7:24)
God
Replacement and Divine Right
Justice, morality and history
Chapter Fourteen
True or False
1. F 2. F 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.T 7.T 8.T 9.T 10.F
Matching
1. c, 2.e, 3.b, 4.g, 5.j, 6.a, 7.i, 8.d 9.h 10. f
Fill in the Blanks:
1. The People of the Book 2.Personality, text 3.Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Job, Song Song, Psalms.
4.adroitness, wisdom 5.practical ability, area, service 6.hokhmah, good sense, aptitude, technical
skill 7.fool, bent, mind, correction 8.know, experience 9.yada, concern, inner engagement,
dedication, sympathy, pity, affection 10.fear, wisdom
Terminology
1. wise teacher 2.wisdom 3.simple 4.thickness or fatness 5.scoffer or scorner 6.to know 7.train
8.to tend or feed the flock 9.sharpen-whet 10.to cast, throw, shoot 11.get accustomed to, exercise
in, train 12. malmad 13.scholar, pupil, student 14.teacher of the law 15.learning or study 16
house of study 17.house of the book 18.Hebrew elementary school 19. repetition, review 20.cut a
covenant 21.bitter herb 22. holy ark 23.to praise. 24.work and worship, service of the altar
25.in song.
Matching:
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1.d, 2.a, 3.c, 4.b, 5.e 6.j 7.f 8.g 9.i 10.h
Fill in the Blanks
1. God, submissive
2. man, ways, nature, God
3. development, whole personality
4. all, whole
5. comprehend
6. revere
7. carefully, provide opportunities, creative, fulfillment
8. facilitate, right path, fulfill his destiny
Mini Essay:
1. (Lev 1:1; Deut. 33:4 and “The Law will be my calling”
2. One in which the answers are given and the questions are supplied by the student.
3. woodchopper, surveyor, blacksmith, tanner, water carrier, leather worker (Acts 18:3).
Because no one should use the Torah to accumulate wealth.
4. Acts 20:34, 2 Cor 11:7-8; 1 Thess 2:9 2 Thess 3:8
Fill in the Blanks:
1. shepherd, pastor-teacher
2. shepherds, more, feeding
3. separate
4. cuts, pierces
5. Egyptian, Biblical, ear, boy, listens, better
6. synagogue house of study
7. Jerusalem Talmud
8. bet sepher, written law
9. oral law, bet talmid
10. 13, bet Midrash
11. Mishnah, spade
12. torah, review, plants harvest
13. trained , retentive
14. poetry
15. praise, sing, chant
16. great, redemptive, God
17. abodah, work, worship
18. Hasidim, worships, serves, spirit, body, mind
19. life, learning
20. dedicate, life-sustaining
Chapter Fifteen
True or False
1.T 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.T 6.T 7.T 8.F 9.F 10.T
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Fill in the Blank:
1.vows, duties, rights, obligations 2.pride, arrogance, barriers 3.advasarial 4.personal
understanding, educational activities, social action
5.enhancing, growth, understanding 6.distorted, wronged, words, jeopardized 7.used, lives
8.antidote, love 9.worthy, Christian, no preconditions 10.history, long, history
Multiple choice:
1.d, 2.e 3.a 4.e
Short Essay
1.often use the same words with different meanings, inaccurate assumptions that one group holds of
the other, Jesus of Nazareth and the perception each group has of him.
2.worship 3 gods, New Testament is anti-Semitic, Christianity is a religion of faith with good deeds
secondary or optional.
3.formal courses, study on their own.
4.emphasize Jewish sources
5.visity synagogues, participation in a community Passover, take courses, visit a Jewish funeral
establishment, visit a Jewish Day school, engage in teaching and lecturing exchanges, have Christian
women’s group contact Jewish women’s groups on mutual topics.
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