Computer Graphics for Large-Scale Immersive Theaters Computer ...
Computer Graphics for Large-Scale Immersive Theaters Computer ... Computer Graphics for Large-Scale Immersive Theaters Computer ...
Computer Graphics for Large-Scale Immersive Theaters Course #31 8:30 am - 5:00 pm Course Organizer Ed Lantz - Spitz, Inc.
- Page 2 and 3: Computer Graphics for Large- Scale
- Page 4 and 5: Computer Graphics for Large- Scale
- Page 6 and 7: Visual Communication was used by pr
- Page 8 and 9: Renaissance Artists Created Ornate
- Page 10 and 11: Daguerre and Others Created Diorama
- Page 12 and 13: Film Evolves into Widescreen and mo
- Page 14 and 15: …Culminating in the Ultimate Imme
- Page 16 and 17: Large Scale Immersive Theaters Part
- Page 18 and 19: Large Scale Immersive Theaters Prim
- Page 20 and 21: Simulator Rides • Applications
- Page 22 and 23: Planetarium Facts* Planetarium Worl
- Page 24 and 25: Omni Film Theaters • Hemispheric
- Page 26 and 27: Digital Dome Manufacturers • Evan
- Page 28 and 29: Compelling Spherical Icons... Volks
- Page 30 and 31: Engaging Content...
- Page 32: Immersing the World Special Thanks
<strong>Computer</strong> <strong>Graphics</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Large</strong>-<strong>Scale</strong><br />
<strong>Immersive</strong> <strong>Theaters</strong><br />
Course #31 8:30 am -<br />
5:00 pm<br />
Course Organizer<br />
Ed Lantz - Spitz, Inc.
<strong>Computer</strong> <strong>Graphics</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Large</strong>-<br />
<strong>Scale</strong> <strong>Immersive</strong> <strong>Theaters</strong><br />
Presentors:<br />
Ed Lantz - Spitz, Inc.<br />
Ben Shedd - Princeton University, Shedd Productions<br />
Brad Thompson - Spitz, Inc.<br />
Carter Emmart - American Museum of Natural<br />
History<br />
Martin Ratcliffe - Exploration Place
Syllabus - Course #31<br />
a.m.<br />
p.m.<br />
8:30 Introduction (Lantz)<br />
9:15 Principles of <strong>Immersive</strong> Imagery (Shedd)<br />
10:00 Break<br />
10:15 Spherical Image Gen. and Projection (Lantz)<br />
11:00 <strong>Immersive</strong> Rendering Basics I (Thompson)<br />
12:00 Lunch<br />
1:30 <strong>Immersive</strong> Rendering Basics II (Thompson)<br />
2:00 New York’s Hayden Planetarium (Emmart)<br />
3:00 Break<br />
3:15 Boeing Cyber Dome (Ratcliffe)<br />
4:00 <strong>Immersive</strong> Rendering Demonstrations
<strong>Computer</strong> <strong>Graphics</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Large</strong>-<br />
<strong>Scale</strong> <strong>Immersive</strong> <strong>Theaters</strong><br />
Introduction<br />
Ed Lantz<br />
Product Development Manager<br />
Spitz, Inc.<br />
elantz@spitzinc.com
The Quest <strong>for</strong> Visual Immersion<br />
A Brief History...<br />
30,000 B.C.E. 2001 A.D.
Visual Communication was used by<br />
prehistoric humans over 30,0000 years ago as<br />
evidenced by cave paintings Chauvet,<br />
Verona and others...<br />
These caves were immersive environments...<br />
…Were they perhaps prehistoric “cathedrals”<br />
designed to invoke a sense of awe?
Ancient Architects created Massive<br />
<strong>Immersive</strong> Environments...<br />
Temple of Amon, Egypt<br />
Photos Courtesy Prof. Hugh Lester, Tulane University 1500 B.C.
Renaissance Artists Created Ornate<br />
<strong>Immersive</strong> Spaces in the 16th Century...<br />
Sistine Chapel St. Peter’s<br />
Photos Courtesy Prof. Hugh Lester, Tulane University<br />
Cathedral
Scottish Painter Robert Barker Exhibited 18 m<br />
Diameter Panoramic Paintings in Edinburgh in<br />
1788. <strong>Large</strong>r Panoramas followed...<br />
Robert Mitchell, Barkers Panorama at Leicester Square, courtesy The British Museum, London
Daguerre and Others Created Diorama<br />
<strong>Theaters</strong> Using <strong>Large</strong> Paintings in the Early<br />
19th Century...<br />
Arrowsmith’s Diorama<br />
Patent<br />
L. J. M. Daguerre, , 1826<br />
Images © copyright R. Derek Wood, 2000 - used with permission
Early 20th Century... Film Emerges as<br />
Powerful, Dynamic Storytelling Medium<br />
Lumière Cinématographe et. al 1895<br />
Images Courtesy Stephen Herbert, PROJECTION BOX : http://easyweb.easynet.co.uk/~s-herbert/ProjectionBox.htm
Film Evolves into Widescreen and more<br />
<strong>Immersive</strong> Formats...<br />
1897 Raoul Brimion-Sanson’s “Cineorama” - France<br />
10 Projectors on 30m Diameter Screen...<br />
1939 Fred Waller’s “Cinerama” - NY World’s Fair<br />
11 Synchronized Projectors - reduced to 3 in 1952<br />
1953 20th Century Fox’s Cinemascope<br />
2.35:1 Anamorphic with Surround Sound<br />
1955 Mike Todd’s Todd-AO<br />
5-perf, 70mm, 30fps <strong>for</strong>mat<br />
1970 Imax Corp’s IMAX<br />
15-perf 70-mm horizontal film <strong>for</strong>mat<br />
See MEGASYSTEMS <strong>Large</strong> Format Film History - www.870.com/lfhis.htm<br />
American Widescreen Museum http://www.widescreenmuseum.com/widescreen/intro.htm
<strong>Immersive</strong> Spherical Formats Also Evolve...<br />
1926 Carl Zeiss’s “Model 1” Planetarium - Munich<br />
World’s first modern planetarium<br />
1946 Armand Spitz’s “Model A” Planetarium - Philadelphia<br />
Planetaria <strong>for</strong> the Masses<br />
1962 World’s Fair introduces “Spacarium” - Seattle, WA<br />
35mm fisheye cinema<br />
1972 Imax’s IMAX Dome (Omnimax) - San Diego<br />
5-perf, 70mm, 30fps <strong>for</strong>mat<br />
1983 Evan’s & Sutherland’s Digistar<br />
Hemispheric vector graphics video projector<br />
<strong>Graphics</strong> Design and Production <strong>for</strong> Hemispheric Projection, SIGGRAPH 95
…Culminating in the Ultimate<br />
<strong>Immersive</strong> Experience...
Spherorama<br />
Truncated<br />
icosahedron<br />
with B&W<br />
photographic<br />
prints from<br />
custom pinhole<br />
camera...<br />
Courtesy Michael Miranda, Spherorama, 1991
<strong>Large</strong> <strong>Scale</strong> <strong>Immersive</strong> <strong>Theaters</strong><br />
Partial Dome Theater<br />
Full Dome Theater
Visual Immersion<br />
Walk-In <strong>Immersive</strong> Display - Visual Display<br />
with Simultaneous High Resolution and<br />
Wide Field-of- View<br />
• Creates a Sense of Presence within a Virtual<br />
Environment<br />
• Invokes Opto-Vestibular Response in Brain<br />
•Thrill-ride or cybersickness possible<br />
• Horizontal FOV >140º, Vertical FOV >40º
<strong>Large</strong> <strong>Scale</strong> <strong>Immersive</strong> <strong>Theaters</strong><br />
Primary<br />
Applications<br />
Simulator<br />
Rides<br />
Omni <strong>Large</strong>-Format<br />
Film Theatres<br />
Planetaria
Simulator Rides<br />
• Partial and Full-Dome Systems<br />
• Specialty Film <strong>for</strong> Maximum Realism<br />
•<strong>Large</strong>-<strong>for</strong>mat film<br />
•High frame rates<br />
•3D Stereoscopic Systems<br />
• Motion Plat<strong>for</strong>m<br />
• Spatial Sound<br />
• Multi-Sensory Effects<br />
•Wind, rain, snow, fog, vibration
Simulator Rides<br />
• Applications<br />
•Theme parks & LBE<br />
•Museums, science centers<br />
•Micro-attractions, arcades<br />
• Example Installations<br />
•Race <strong>for</strong> Atlantis - Caesars, Las Vegas<br />
•Star Trek the Experience - Hilton, Las Vegas<br />
•Back to the Future - Universal Studios<br />
•Cali<strong>for</strong>nia Dreaming - Disneyland
Planetaria<br />
• Hemispheric Projection Screen<br />
• Starfield Projector<br />
•High-resolution astronomical simulation<br />
• Hemispheric Slide Projection<br />
• Narrow Field Video<br />
• Laser <strong>Graphics</strong><br />
• Combination <strong>Large</strong>-Format Film, Planetarium<br />
• Total Annual Attendance Worldwide: 87,400,000
Planetarium Facts*<br />
Planetarium Worldwide % of<br />
Classification # of <strong>Theaters</strong> Total<br />
School/District 999 36%<br />
University/College 397 14%<br />
Museum/Science Center 375 14%<br />
Observatory/Other 201 7%<br />
Unclassified 782 28%<br />
TOTAL 2754<br />
* Courtesy The LNP Planetarium Compendium, Loch Ness Productions, 2000
Planetarium Facts*<br />
Dome Size (m) # of <strong>Theaters</strong> # Tilted Domes<br />
3 - 6 766 2<br />
6 - 9 696 3<br />
9 - 12 463 9<br />
12 - 15 191 23<br />
15 - 18 98 17<br />
18 - 21 102 34<br />
21 - 27 80 40<br />
Portable 774<br />
* Courtesy The LNP Planetarium Compendium, Loch Ness Productions, 2000
Omni Film <strong>Theaters</strong><br />
• Hemispheric Projection Screen<br />
•Tilted 30º typically<br />
• <strong>Large</strong>-Format Film<br />
•15-perf, 70mm (original IMAX® <strong>for</strong>mat)<br />
•8-perf, 70mm<br />
• Dome Diameters from 15m to 28m+<br />
• 254 LF <strong>Theaters</strong> Worldwide - Half are Domes*<br />
• 175 <strong>Large</strong>-Format Films Released*<br />
* From White Oak Associates, Inc. Inventory of <strong>Large</strong> Format <strong>Theaters</strong>, 1998 edition
<strong>Large</strong> <strong>Scale</strong> “Digital Dome” <strong>Theaters</strong><br />
• Full Dome or Partial Dome Video Projection<br />
• Multiple Edge-Blended Projectors<br />
• 26 Existing/Planned <strong>Theaters</strong> by 5 Manufacturers<br />
• Most Use Pre-Rendered, Pre-Recorded Shows<br />
•Digital video server technologies<br />
•Hi-resolution systems emerging<br />
• Several <strong>Theaters</strong> Pioneering Realtime Interactivity<br />
• Most are Planetaria - Others Include Corporate<br />
<strong>Theaters</strong>, Visitor Centers, and Theme Parks
Digital Dome Manufacturers<br />
• Evans & Sutherland - Salt Lake City, UT<br />
• GOTO Optical - Japan<br />
• Spitz, Inc. - Chadds Ford, PA<br />
• Sky-Skan - Nashua, NH<br />
• Trimension, Inc. - Burgess Hill, UK<br />
Digital planetarium system also announced by:<br />
• Silicon <strong>Graphics</strong>/Zeiss/Schneider
Digital Dome <strong>Theaters</strong>...<br />
• AMNH/Hayden Planetarium - New York City<br />
• Bibliotheca Alexandria - Alexandria, Egypt<br />
• Burke Baker Planetarium - Houston, Texas<br />
• Exploration Place - Wichita, Kansas<br />
• National Space Centre - Leicester, UK<br />
• LodeStar Planetarium - Albuquerque, NM<br />
• Madame Tussaud’s - New York City<br />
• Northern Lights Centre - Watson Lake, Yukon<br />
• Volkswagen’s Autostadt - Wolfsburg, Germany
Compelling Spherical Icons...<br />
Volkswagen Autostadt<br />
Wolfsburg, Germany<br />
Bibliotheca Alexandria<br />
Alexandria, Egypt
Powerful <strong>Immersive</strong> Environments...<br />
LodeStar Planetarium<br />
Albuquerque, NM<br />
Volkswagen Autostadt<br />
Wolfsburg, Germany
Engaging Content...
The Birth of a New Medium...
Immersing the World<br />
Special Thanks to:<br />
Spitz, Inc.<br />
Evans & Sutherland<br />
National Space Centre, Leicester, UK
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