trends-2011-vol1-enrolment-e
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trends-2011-vol1-enrolment-e
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Income difference relative to high school g<br />
Master’s degree<br />
Bachelor’s<br />
degree<br />
of specialization. Total college or In 2005, the average income for a bachelor’s<br />
CEGEP<br />
graduate in the visual and performing Earned arts was outside approximately<br />
Canada<br />
$45,000, Registered while average income for bachelor’s Earned in Canada graduates in<br />
apprenticeship<br />
engineering certificate and applied sciences was a little more than $90,000.<br />
Similar Trades differences certificate exist across disciplines for college and CEGEP<br />
or diploma<br />
graduates. The lowest earnings for college or CEGEP graduates<br />
in visual -25% and performing 0% 25% arts, education 50% and 75% social 100% sciences 125% were<br />
Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census<br />
around $40,000. The highest average earnings were close to $60,000,<br />
and were in engineering and related technologies. At the same time,<br />
while lower paying disciplines are still higher than the incomes of<br />
high school graduates, it is important to note that income is not the<br />
ultimate motivation for all students. Many are motivated by intrinsic<br />
values, such as the love for music or the arts.<br />
Average earnings<br />
$40,000<br />
$20,000<br />
16%<br />
14%<br />
12%<br />
Registered<br />
Trades cert<br />
10%<br />
High schoo<br />
$0<br />
25-to-34 years 35-to-44 years 45-to-54 years<br />
8%<br />
55-to-64 years<br />
6%<br />
Master's degree<br />
Registered Apprenticeship 4%<br />
certificate<br />
Total College or<br />
Bachelor's degree 2%<br />
CEGEP<br />
0%<br />
Trades certificate<br />
Earned doctorate 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998<br />
or diploma<br />
High school certificate<br />
Some secondary<br />
or equivalent<br />
University degree –<br />
Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census<br />
bachelor’s<br />
University graduates are far less likely than individuals with less<br />
education to experience any period of low income. From 2002 to<br />
2007, 89 percent of university graduates had not had any years with<br />
low income. This compares to fewer than 80 percent of individuals<br />
who had not completed any postsecondary studies and 83 percent<br />
of those who had competed college or trade certificates. Five percent<br />
of people who had gone beyond high school had persistent low<br />
income levels, while two percent of college or trade graduates and<br />
just 1.1 percent of university graduates had persistently low income<br />
levels lasting over a period of five or six years.<br />
University graduates are also less likely to confront labour<br />
disruptions. They have lower unemployment rates both in strong<br />
Unemployment rates by educ<br />
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Su<br />
FIGURE XX: University gradu<br />
large share a income taxes an<br />
government transfers<br />
Average earnings full-time, full-year work<br />
$120,000<br />
$100,000<br />
$80,000<br />
$60,000<br />
$40,000<br />
$20,000<br />
$0<br />
FIGURE 40: The earning premium for a university graduate<br />
educated in Canada increases with age and work experience<br />
25-to-34 years<br />
Master's degree<br />
Total College or<br />
CEGEP<br />
Trades certificate<br />
or diploma<br />
35-to-44 years<br />
High school certificate<br />
or equivalent<br />
45-to-54 years<br />
Bachelor's degree<br />
Earned doctorate<br />
55-to-64 years<br />
Registered Apprenticeship<br />
certificate<br />
Average income full-time, full year work, 2005<br />
$100,000<br />
Earned doctorate<br />
Master's degree<br />
$80,000<br />
Bachelor's degree<br />
$60,000<br />
Total College or CEGEP<br />
Registered Apprenticeship $40,000 certificate<br />
Trades certificate or diploma<br />
$20,000<br />
High school certificate or equivalent<br />
$0<br />
FIGURE 41: Average income varies widely by area of specialization for<br />
graduates from Canadian postsecondary institutions<br />
% of income tax<br />
Total – Major field of study<br />
Bachelor’s income<br />
College CEGEP income<br />
Education<br />
Visual and performing arts, and<br />
communications technologies<br />
Humanities<br />
Social and behavioural<br />
sciences and law<br />
Business, management and<br />
public administration<br />
% of government transfers<br />
Physical and life sciences and<br />
technologies<br />
Mathematics, computer and<br />
information sciences<br />
% of earnings<br />
% of persons<br />
Architecture, engineering,<br />
and related technologies<br />
Agriculture, natural resources<br />
and conservation<br />
Health, parks, recreation<br />
and fitness<br />
Personal, protective and<br />
transportation services<br />
0% 10% 20<br />
Less than high schoo<br />
Some postsecondary<br />
Trades , vocatioanl, a<br />
Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census<br />
Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census<br />
AUCC<br />
Trends in Higher Education | Volume 1. Enrolment | 43