trends-2011-vol1-enrolment-e
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g more<br />
ns<br />
rowing demand for<br />
arket<br />
The report also found that most of the occupations that faced<br />
25-to-29 years<br />
shortages in 2005 were those that required a university degree.<br />
These included occupations in the natural and applied sciences, as<br />
well as several health, education and management occupations.<br />
45-to-54 years<br />
40% 50% 60%<br />
2005<br />
25-to-29 years<br />
Community College,<br />
CEGEP<br />
Trade certificate<br />
45-to-54 years<br />
There is increased recognition by governments that the key to<br />
sustained competitiveness, growth and prosperity is the ability of<br />
firms to innovate and adapt in a rapidly changing and highly<br />
globalized business environment. To thrive in such an environment,<br />
all sectors depend on high quality human capital as an essential<br />
source of skills, knowledge and ideas. Because universities are<br />
uniquely positioned to drive the formation of this type of human<br />
capital, the continued evolution towards a more innovative,<br />
knowledge-based economy will increase labour market demand<br />
for university-educated graduates.<br />
The growing recognition of the role of small- and medium-size<br />
enterprises in national economies also has the potential to drive<br />
growth in labour-market demand. Small, young, innovation-focused<br />
enterprises have the potential to grow rapidly, and university<br />
graduates are key contributors to the success of these enterprises.<br />
The OECD has recently highlighted how governments can facilitate<br />
Community College, CEGEP<br />
growth 2010 among SMEs by linking them with university knowledge<br />
and research flows, and ensuring they have access to highly skilled<br />
human capital. 25 A recent U.K. study shows that SMEs that attracted<br />
university graduates have been growing much more quickly than<br />
those which did not hire graduates. As governments in Canada<br />
continue to encourage innovation and growth among SMEs, labourmarket<br />
demand for the linkages, skills, and knowledge that graduates<br />
can offer will continue to grow. This situation is not unique to<br />
SMEs. In public and private enterprises of all sizes, taking innovative<br />
approaches to organizing the workplace and developing products<br />
and services is increasingly recognized as vital to improving<br />
productivity and staying competitive.<br />
Competitiveness will increasingly become a preoccupation of<br />
Total<br />
both the private and public sector in the years to come, as Canada<br />
Trades<br />
prepares for a demographic shift Proportion that of will employees see with baby a boomers retire<br />
university degree 2010<br />
from the workplace. From 2010 to 2030, the population over the<br />
Employment change 1990 to 2010<br />
age<br />
Services<br />
of 65 will double, resulting in greater demand for services–<br />
Clerical and<br />
financial, Secretaries social and health – to support this aging population. During<br />
that time, population growth alone will not generate signi ficant<br />
labour force increases, especially in the latter half of the period,<br />
to meet the demand created by this demographic shift. 26 Under<br />
Statistics Canada’s medium population growth scenario, there would be<br />
only eight percent more adults aged 25-to-64 over the next 20 years<br />
compared<br />
Professions<br />
to a 30 percent increase in this working age population<br />
in professors the past 20 years. For the Canadian economy to grow, the labour<br />
force -30% will need 0% to grow 30% in both 60% size and 90% productivity. 120% 150%<br />
Primary – Forestry,<br />
Agriculture, etc.<br />
Manufacturing<br />
Other Sales and<br />
Technical, administrative<br />
and health support<br />
Management<br />
Business and Finance<br />
Professionals<br />
Art, Culture and<br />
Recreation professionals<br />
Health Professionals<br />
Engineers and<br />
Applied Scientists<br />
Social and Legal<br />
Teachers and<br />
While the number of retirements overall will increase, the outlook<br />
for Canada’s economy is further exacerbated by the rapid increase<br />
in the number of highly experienced and productive graduates who<br />
Thousands employed aged 50 or older<br />
400<br />
300<br />
200<br />
100<br />
0<br />
FIGURE 30: The demand for knowledge workers is being<br />
driven by employment growth in occupations that typically<br />
require university education<br />
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey<br />
FIGURE 31: Looking ahead, labour demands will grow further<br />
given the need to replace the number of people expected to retire<br />
800<br />
In 1990, just 270,000 of all<br />
working university graduates<br />
Graduate degrees<br />
700 were age 50 or older<br />
Bachelor's<br />
600<br />
By 2009, 1.13 million were<br />
50 plus – a 4.2-fold increase<br />
over 1990<br />
500<br />
1990<br />
1992<br />
1994<br />
1996<br />
1998<br />
2000<br />
2002<br />
2004<br />
Source: AUCC using Statistics Canada Labour Force Survey data<br />
Bachelor’s<br />
Graduate degrees<br />
2006<br />
2008<br />
By 2009, 1.13 million we<br />
- a 4.2-fold increase ove<br />
In 1990 just 270,000<br />
of all working university<br />
were age 50 or older<br />
AUCC<br />
Trends in Higher Education | Volume 1. Enrolment | 35