trends-2011-vol1-enrolment-e
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trends-2011-vol1-enrolment-e
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Education<br />
FIGURE 10: Women represent the majority of students<br />
in most disciplines<br />
Female percentage of full-time <strong>enrolment</strong><br />
(63 percent). Women also represented the majority of full-time<br />
doctoral students in the social sciences (61 percent), visual and<br />
performing arts, and communications technologies (55 percent)<br />
and humanities (52 percent).<br />
Health, Parks, Recreation<br />
and Fitness<br />
Visual and Performing Arts, and<br />
Communications Technologies<br />
Social and Behavioural<br />
Sciences, and Law<br />
Agriculture, Natural Resources<br />
and Conservation<br />
Physical and Life Sciences, and<br />
Technologies<br />
Business, Management and<br />
Public Administration<br />
Mathematics, Computer and<br />
Information Sciences<br />
Architecture, Engineering and<br />
Related Technologies<br />
AUCC<br />
Humanities<br />
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%<br />
Undergraduates<br />
Masters<br />
Source: Statistics Canada data and AUCC estimates<br />
master’s level, women FIGURE 11: have Recruitment the highest activities have representation helped triple international in education<br />
(76 percent) and<br />
student<br />
in health,<br />
<strong>enrolment</strong><br />
parks,<br />
numbers<br />
recreation<br />
since 1998<br />
and fitness (76 percent).<br />
At the PhD level, the majority of full-time students continue to be<br />
90,000<br />
men, though women are gaining ground. In 1980, women accounted<br />
80,000<br />
for 30 percent<br />
70,000<br />
of doctoral students. The percentage of female<br />
doctoral students 60,000 grew to 46 percent by 2000, and has increased<br />
only marginally 50,000 since then. In the United States, women’s <strong>enrolment</strong><br />
numbers surpassed 40,000 men at the doctoral level for the first time in<br />
2008. Canada 30,000 may not be far behind. 8<br />
Full-time <strong>enrolment</strong><br />
100,000<br />
20,000<br />
10,000<br />
In 1992 women represented 18 percent students in mathematics,<br />
0<br />
computer, and 1980 information 1985 sciences 1990 and 11 1995percent 2000 of the 2005 architecture, 2010e<br />
engineering and related technologies. By 2008 women represented<br />
Total<br />
Undergraduate and other<br />
25 percent and 21 percent of students in these programs disciplines, levels respectively.<br />
Graduate<br />
Women represented the majority of students (69 percent) enrolled<br />
in education at the doctoral level, as well as in the health disciplines<br />
Source: Statistics Canada data and AUCC estimates<br />
PhD<br />
International students – the global picture<br />
Canadian universities are becoming increasingly internationalized.<br />
Over the last 30 years, the proportion of visible minorities,<br />
international students and even faculty from other countries has<br />
grown significantly. More universities are engaging in international<br />
research collaborations; more international students are coming<br />
from a larger number of countries; and more Canadian students<br />
are taking advantage of international learning and research<br />
opportunities abroad.<br />
Between 1980 and 1995, the number of full-time international<br />
students fluctuated widely. Strong increases at the beginning and<br />
end of the 1980s were followed by periods of similarly strong<br />
declines so that <strong>enrolment</strong> in 1995 was almost the same as in 1980.<br />
But since 1995, international <strong>enrolment</strong> has grown rapidly. In 2010,<br />
there are 3.5 times more international students enrolled at Canadian<br />
universities than in 1995, or 90,000 in 2010 compared to 25,500<br />
in 1995. An additional 13,000 international students were studying<br />
part-time in 2010.<br />
In 2010, international students represented approximately eight<br />
percent of full-time undergraduate students in Canada, approximately<br />
18 percent of full-time master’s students and 23 percent of full-time<br />
PhD students. Greater representation of international students at<br />
the graduate level is not unique to Canada. For example, in the U.S.,<br />
visa students represent about two percent of full-time undergraduate<br />
students in four-year public universities and about 23 percent<br />
of full-time graduate students. In the U.K., international students<br />
represent 55 percent of the graduate student body.<br />
Trends in Higher Education | Volume 1. Enrolment | 15