Economic Models - Convex Optimization

124 Nikitas Spiros Koutsoukis
GRAI laboratories of France and includes modeling IDEF0, and group
technology to model the decision making processes of the enterprise.
The combination is called GRAI integrated methodology (GIM).
(3) Computer integrated manufacturing open system architecture
(CIM-OSA): CIMOSA has been developed to assist enterprises adapt to
internal and external environmental changes so as to face global competition
and improve themselves regarding product prices, product quality,
and product delivery time. It provides four different types of views
of the enterprise: modeling function view, information view, resource
view, and organization view (Beeckman 1993; Vernadat, 1996).
(4) Purdue enterprise reference architecture (PERA): It is a methodology
developed at Purdue University in 1989 which focuses on separating
the human-based functions of an enterprise from the manufacturing
and information functions (Williams, 1994).
(5) Generalized enterprise reference architecture and methodology
(GERAM): It is a generalization of CIMOSA, GIM, and PERA. The
general concepts, identified and defined in this reference methodology,
consist of methodological guidelines for enterprise engineering (from
PERA and GIM), life-cycle guidelines (from PERA), and model views
modeling (e.g., CIMOSA constructs).
Modeling method relies upon a specific purpose defining its finality, i.e.,
the goal of the modeler. This finality has a direct influence on the definition
of modeling method. We adopt the position that any enterprise is made of a
large collection of concurrent business processes, executed by an open set
of functional entities (or agents) to achieve business objectives (as set by
management). Enterprise modeling and integration is essentially a matter
of modeling and integrating these process and agents (Kosanke and Nell,
1997; Ladet and Vernadat, 1995).
The prime goal of an EM approach is to support analysis of an enterprise
rather than to model the entire enterprise, even though this is theoretically
possible. In addition, another goal is to model relevant business process and
enterprise objects concerned with business integration.
According to Vernadat (1996), the aim of EM is to provide:
• a better perspective of the enterprise structure and operations;
• reference methods for enterprise engineering of existing or new parts of
the enterprise both in terms of analysis, simulation, and decision-making
and
• a model in order to manage efficiently the enterprise operations.