The Mexico Agreement - Public International Law & Policy Group
The Mexico Agreement - Public International Law & Policy Group
The Mexico Agreement - Public International Law & Policy Group
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UNITED<br />
NATIONS<br />
A S<br />
General Assembly<br />
Security Council<br />
Distr.<br />
GENERAL<br />
A/45/1007<br />
_S/22563<br />
i May Í991<br />
ENGLISH<br />
ORIGINAL: SPANISH<br />
GENERAL ASSEMBLY<br />
Forty-fifth session<br />
Agenda item 28<br />
THE SITUATION IN CENTRAL AMERICA:<br />
THREATS TO INTERNATIONAL PEACE<br />
AND SECURITY AND PEACE INITIATIVES<br />
SECURITY COUNCIL<br />
Forty-sixth year<br />
Letter dated 2 May 1991 from the Permanent Representative<br />
of Guatemala to the United Nations addressed to the<br />
Secretary-General<br />
On instructions from my Government, I have the honour to transmit<br />
herewith the text of the "<strong>Agreement</strong> on the procedure for the search for peace<br />
by political means", signed at <strong>Mexico</strong> City on 26 April 1991 following talks<br />
held by the delegations of the Government of Guatemala and the Ur-.Idad<br />
Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca (URNG) in the presence of C atemala's<br />
National Reconciliation Commission and the Observer appointed by you.<br />
<strong>The</strong> aforesaid <strong>Agreement</strong> was signed as a result of the Government's<br />
commitment to put an end to the internal armed conflict and bring about<br />
reconciliation among all Guatemalans.<br />
I should be grateful if you would have this letter and its annex<br />
circulated as a document of the General Assembly» under agenda item 28, and of<br />
the Security Council.<br />
(Signed) Francisco VILLAGRAN DE LEON<br />
Ambassador<br />
Permanent Representative<br />
91-14540 2957a (E)
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Paqe 2<br />
annex<br />
«JlQc .the jBAxciv.tor<br />
by-£0-l¿.ti.GAl-rneaati...aisu\«s3L_ftt. Manlçg çjjty on<br />
In order to achieve theo b j e c t i v e s aeto u tintheE s q u i p u l a a II <strong>Agreement</strong><br />
of 7 August 1087a n dt op u tane n dt oth«i n t e r n a l armed conflict andb r i n g<br />
about reconciliation among allG u a t e m a l a n s , in accordance with theO s l o<br />
<strong>Agreement</strong> of 30M a r c h 1990, thed e l e g a t i o n s of theG o v e r n m e n t of Guatemalaa n d<br />
of thtU n i d a d Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca (URNG) hereby agree to hold<br />
talks inthep r e s e n c e of theC h a i r m a n of Guatemala's National Reconciliation<br />
Commission, Monaignor Rodolfo Quesada Toruno, acting as C o n c i l i a t or pursuant<br />
to theO s l o <strong>Agreement</strong>, ando f thor e p r e s e n t a t i v e of theS e c r e t a r y - G e n e r a l of<br />
the United Nations, Mr.F r a n c e s c Vendrell, acting an Observer.<br />
1. <strong>The</strong>G o v e r n m e n t of Guatemala andtheU n i d a d Revolucionarla Nacional<br />
Guatemalteca (URNG) undertake to conduct a process of negotiation that will<br />
permit, inthes h o r t e s t possible time, thes i g n i n g of an agreement fora firm<br />
and lasting peace which sets outp o l i t i c a l agreements, howthey aret ob e<br />
implemented ande x e c u t e d by thep a r t i e s , andh o wt h e i r fulfilment istob e<br />
verified by theN a t i o n a l Reconciliation Commission, theU n i t e d Nationsa n d<br />
such other international bodies asthep a r t i e s mayd e s i g n a t e by mutual<br />
agreement.<br />
2. <strong>The</strong>p a r t i c i p a n t s inthen e g o t i a t i o n s shall be theC o n c i l i a t o r ,<br />
Momignor Rodolfo Queiada Toruno; ther e p r e s e n t a t i v e of the S e c r e t a r y - G e n e r a l<br />
of theU n i t e d Nations, Mr.P r a n c e s c Vandrell, acting as Observer» the advisers<br />
to theC o n c i l i a t o r andt h eO b s e r v e r ; andthed e l e g a t i o n s of theG o v e r n m e n t of<br />
the Republic of Guatemala ando f URNG. Members of theN a t i o n a l Reconciliation<br />
Commission shall also participate in meeting s fort h ep u r p o s e of notinga n d<br />
verifying thef u l f i l m e n t of agreements.<br />
<strong>The</strong> Government of Guatemala andU R N G mayb e assisted by advisers,w h o<br />
must be Guatemalan ands h a ll first present their credentials tot h e<br />
Conciliator.<br />
3. In order to accelerate thep r o c e s s ande n s u r e itss u c c e s s , theG o v e r n m e n t ,<br />
and URNG agree to hold negotiations through direct meetinqs betweent h e<br />
parties, with thea c t i v e participation of theC o n c i l i a t o r andinthep r e a w n c e<br />
of theO b s e r v e r . Indirect meetings mayalso be held between thep a r l i e s ,<br />
through theC o n c i l i a t o r andinthep r e s e n c e of theO b s e r v e r , with their<br />
respective advisers, If they deem it appropriate.<br />
4. <strong>The</strong>G o v e r n m e n t andU R N G undertake tobe duly represented in tho<br />
negotiations by high-level delegates, in ordor to negotiate and conduelo<br />
political agreements in accordance with thee x i s t i n g constituéionnl frctnutwork<br />
and with theEl Escorial agreements.
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5. <strong>The</strong> Conciliator, In hit capacity aa Chairman of the National<br />
Reconciliation Commission, may if ht thinks fit call together the various<br />
sectors that participated in the meetings with URNO held during 1990 under the<br />
Oslo <strong>Agreement</strong>, so as to inform them of the progress of the negotiations In<br />
the search for a firm and lasting peace and a solution to the nation's<br />
problems.<br />
6. <strong>The</strong> Government of the Republic of Guatemala and URNG agree not to abandon<br />
the negotiating process unilaterally and to pursue it without interruption, in<br />
accordance with these procedural rules, until the negotiating agenda is<br />
exhausted. <strong>The</strong>y undertake to act in good faith In an atmosphere of complete<br />
mutual respect and reiterate their express determination to reach political<br />
agreements for achieving a firm and lasting peace that will bring the internal<br />
armed conflict in Guatemala to an early, definitive end.<br />
7. Meetings shall be announced publicly and discussions shall be conducted<br />
privately, without publicity. <strong>The</strong> media shall have access to the meetings<br />
during such periods aa the delegations ahall determine by mutual consent.<br />
Neither the parties nor the participants shall unilaterally give out any<br />
information on the phase of the negotiations, unless it is agreed otherwise.<br />
If the parties reach any significant agreements, the Conciliator shall mod<br />
out the official communiqués drafted for the Information of the public. <strong>The</strong><br />
Observer for his part, shall keep the Secretary-General of the United Nations<br />
informed of the progress of the negotiations.<br />
8. <strong>The</strong> Conciliator, Monsignor Rodolfo Quesada Toruno, in his capacity AS<br />
Chairman of the National Reconciliation Commission, shall conduct meetings in<br />
accordance with the usual standards of debate. No recordings shall b» made of<br />
the meetings, nor shall minutes be taken. Any agreements reached shall ha<br />
formalised In documents discussed and approved by the parties and shall be<br />
signed by the Conciliator, the Observer, the delegates of the parties, and the<br />
members of the National Reconciliation Commission.<br />
9. Under the Oslo <strong>Agreement</strong>, it is the function of the Conciliator to<br />
propone initiatives to the parties and to facilitate and sustain dialogue And<br />
negotiation, imparting momentum to that process and summarising points of<br />
agreement And disagreement between the parties. To that end, he has the power<br />
to propose initiatives and solutions fur discussion and agreement and may do<br />
whatever else is necessary to the proper fultllment of his mission, In<br />
addition to any other powers conferred on him in other sections of this<br />
document, the Conciliator shalli (a) convene the agreed meetings; (b) act as<br />
depositary for any documents that may result from the negotiation and provide<br />
certified copies theruof to the parties; (c) designate his advisers; and<br />
(d) order adjournments of the meetings.
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FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF GUATEMALA:<br />
(Signed) Manuel E. CONDE ORELLANA<br />
General Secretary of the<br />
Presidency of the Republic<br />
(Signed) Brigadier General Edgar<br />
Augusto GODOY GAITAN<br />
Deputy Chief of Staff of National<br />
Defence<br />
(Signed) Manolo BENDFELDT ALEJOS<br />
Minister for Development<br />
(Signed) Brigadier General José D,<br />
GARCIA SAMAYOA<br />
Commander of the Guard of Honour<br />
Military Brigade<br />
(Signed) Brigadier General Mario René (Signed) Julio A. BALCONI TURCIOS<br />
ENRIQUEZ M.<br />
Commander of the Mariscal Zavala<br />
Commander of Military Zone 22,<br />
Military Brigade<br />
Playa Grande, Quiche<br />
(Signed) Colonel Marco A. GONZALEZ T.<br />
Commander of the Mobile Military<br />
Police<br />
(Signed) Rubén Amilcar BURGOS SOLIS<br />
Special Adviser to the Presidency<br />
of the Republic<br />
(Signed) Ernesto VITERI ECHEVERRÍA<br />
Special Adviser to the Presidency<br />
of the Republic<br />
(Signed) José Luis ASENSIO AGUIRRE<br />
Adviser to the President of the<br />
Republic<br />
FOR THE UNIDAD REVOLUCIONARIA NACIONAL GUATEMALTECA (URNG):<br />
General Command<br />
(Signed) Commander Gaspar ILOM<br />
(Signed) Commander Rolando MORAN<br />
(Signed) Commander Pablo MONSANTO<br />
(Signed) Carlos GONZALEZ<br />
Secretary of the Central Committee<br />
of the Partido Guatemalteco de<br />
Trabajadores (PGT)<br />
Political and Diplomatic Commission<br />
(Signed) Francisco VILLAGRAN MUÑOZ<br />
(Signed) Miguel Angel SANDOVAL<br />
(Signed) Luis Becker GUZMAN<br />
(Signed) Luz MÉNDEZ
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TOR THE NATIONAL RECONCILIATION COMMISSION!<br />
(Sigma) Tereia SOLANOS DE ZARCO<br />
Mario PERMUTH LISTWA<br />
(SlflUld) Oliverio GARCIA RODAS<br />
(SUAt4) Luit MORALES CHUA<br />
Advlier<br />
(Sloatd) Momlgnor Rodolfo QUKZADA TORUNO<br />
Conciliator<br />
Chairman of th« National RooonclUation Commiiiion<br />
FOR THB UNITED NATIONSl<br />
FranccBO VENDRELL<br />
Raprtiantativ» of th« S«crtt«ry-O«n«ral of the<br />
United Nationi