Mechanical APDL Basic Analysis Guide - Ansys

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Copyright and Trademark Information © 2010 SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. Unauthorized use, distribution or duplication is prohibited. ANSYS, ANSYS Workbench, Ansoft, AUTODYN, EKM, Engineering Knowledge Manager, CFX, FLUENT, HFSS and any and all ANSYS, Inc. brand, product, service and feature names, logos and slogans are registered trademarks or trademarks of ANSYS, Inc. or its subsidiaries in the United States or other countries. ICEM CFD is a trademark used by ANSYS, Inc. under license. CFX is a trademark of Sony Corporation in Japan. All other brand, product, service and feature names or trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Disclaimer Notice THIS ANSYS SOFTWARE PRODUCT AND PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION INCLUDE TRADE SECRETS AND ARE CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY PRODUCTS OF ANSYS, INC., ITS SUBSIDIARIES, OR LICENSORS. The software products and documentation are furnished by ANSYS, Inc., its subsidiaries, or affiliates under a software license agreement that contains provisions concerning non-disclosure, copying, length and nature of use, compliance with exporting laws, warranties, disclaimers, limitations of liability, and remedies, and other provisions. The software products and documentation may be used, disclosed, transferred, or copied only in accordance with the terms and conditions of that software license agreement. ANSYS, Inc. is certified to ISO 9001:2008. U.S. Government Rights For U.S. Government users, except as specifically granted by the ANSYS, Inc. software license agreement, the use, duplication, or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions stated in the ANSYS, Inc. software license agreement and FAR 12.212 (for non-DOD licenses). Third-Party Software See the legal information in the product help files for the complete Legal Notice for ANSYS proprietary software and third-party software. If you are unable to access the Legal Notice, please contact ANSYS, Inc. Published in the U.S.A.
Table of Contents 1. Getting Started with ANSYS ................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Building the Model ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1. Specifying a Jobname and Analysis Title ................................................................................... 1 1.1.1.1. Defining the Jobname ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1.2. Defining an Analysis Title ................................................................................................. 2 1.1.1.3. Defining Units ................................................................................................................. 2 1.1.2. Defining Element Types ............................................................................................................ 2 1.1.3. Defining Element Real Constants .............................................................................................. 3 1.1.3.1. Creating Cross Sections ................................................................................................... 4 1.1.4. Defining Material Properties ..................................................................................................... 4 1.1.4.1. Linear Material Properties ................................................................................................ 4 1.1.4.2. Nonlinear Material Properties .......................................................................................... 7 1.1.4.3. Anisotropic Elastic Material Properties ............................................................................. 8 1.1.4.4. Material Model Interface .................................................................................................. 8 1.1.4.4.1. Accessing the Interface ........................................................................................... 8 1.1.4.4.2. Choosing Material Behavior .................................................................................... 8 1.1.4.4.3. Entering Material Data ............................................................................................ 9 1.1.4.4.4. Logging/Editing Material Data .............................................................................. 12 1.1.4.4.5. Example: Defining a Single Material Model ............................................................ 12 1.1.4.4.6. Example: Editing Data in a Material Model ............................................................. 13 1.1.4.4.7. Example: Defining a Material Model Combination .................................................. 14 1.1.4.4.8. Material Model Interface - Miscellaneous Items ...................................................... 15 1.1.4.5. Using Material Library Files ............................................................................................ 15 1.1.4.6. Format of Material Library Files ...................................................................................... 15 1.1.4.7. Specifying a Default Read/Write Path for Material Library Files ........................................ 16 1.1.4.8. Creating (Writing) a Material Library File ......................................................................... 16 1.1.4.9. Reading a Material Library File ....................................................................................... 17 1.1.5. Creating the Model Geometry ................................................................................................ 17 1.2. Applying Loads and Obtaining the Solution .................................................................................... 18 1.2.1. Defining the Analysis Type and Analysis Options ..................................................................... 18 1.2.2. Applying Loads ...................................................................................................................... 19 1.2.3. Specifying Load Step Options ................................................................................................. 20 1.2.4. Initiating the Solution ............................................................................................................. 20 1.3. Reviewing the Results ..................................................................................................................... 20 2. Loading ................................................................................................................................................. 21 2.1. What Are Loads? ............................................................................................................................. 21 2.2. Load Steps, Substeps, and Equilibrium Iterations .............................................................................. 22 2.3. The Role of Time in Tracking ............................................................................................................ 24 2.4. Stepped Versus Ramped Loads ........................................................................................................ 25 2.5. Applying Loads ............................................................................................................................... 26 2.5.1. Solid-Model Loads: Advantages and Disadvantages ................................................................ 26 2.5.2. Finite-Element Loads: Advantages and Disadvantages ............................................................. 27 2.5.3. DOF Constraints ..................................................................................................................... 27 2.5.4. Applying Symmetry or Antisymmetry Boundary Conditions .................................................... 28 2.5.5.Transferring Constraints .......................................................................................................... 29 2.5.5.1. Resetting Constraints ..................................................................................................... 30 2.5.5.2. Scaling Constraint Values ............................................................................................... 30 2.5.5.3. Resolution of Conflicting Constraint Specifications ......................................................... 31 2.5.6. Forces (Concentrated Loads) ................................................................................................... 32 2.5.6.1. Repeating a Force .......................................................................................................... 33 Release 13.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates. iii
Page 1: ANSYS Mechanical APDL Basic Analysi
Page 5 and 6: 2.8.4.3. Define Material Properties
Page 7 and 8: 7.2.1.6. Particle Flow and Charged
Page 9 and 10: 10. Getting Started with Graphics .
Page 11 and 12: 13.2.4.1.Turning Load Symbols and C
Page 13 and 14: 20.8. Reviewing Contents of Binary
Page 15 and 16: List of Tables 2.1. DOF Constraints
Page 17 and 18: Chapter 1: Getting Started with ANS
Page 19 and 20: shown below define two element type
Page 21 and 22: You can choose constant, isotropic,
Page 23 and 24: You can save linear material proper
Page 25 and 26: Figure 1.4 Material Model Interface
Page 27 and 28: Figure 1.7 Data Input Dialog Box -
Page 29 and 30: The first example below is intended
Page 31 and 32: 9. Click on OK. The dialog box clos
Page 33 and 34: 1.1.4.9. Reading a Material Library
Page 35 and 36: If you are performing a static or f
Page 37 and 38: Chapter 2: Loading The primary obje
Page 39 and 40: Figure 2.2 Transient Load History C
Page 41 and 42: The arc-length method is an advance
Page 43 and 44: • Transferred solid loads will re
Page 45 and 46: Note If the node rotation angles th
Page 47 and 48: Figure 2.7 Scaling Temperature Cons
Page 49 and 50: Below are examples of some of the G
Page 51 and 52: Utility Menu> List> Loads> Surface>
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Figure 2.9 Example of Surface Load
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the shell, and 270° to 360° for t
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Below are examples of some of the G
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Figure 2.15 Transfers to BFK Loads
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CASE C: At least one BFV, BFA, or B
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A handy way to specify density so t
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For more information, see Initial S
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Boundary Condition Heat Flux Film C
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This problem consists of a thermal-
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2.6. Specifying Load Step Options A
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- All loads changed in later load s
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Main Menu> Preprocessor> Loads> Loa
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Command GUI Menu Paths Main Menu> S
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! Load Step 1: D, ... ! Loads SF, .
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Modeling> Create> Elements> Auto Nu
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Figure 2.22 Pretension Section Samp
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cylind,0.35,1, 0.75,1, 0,180 wpstyl
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11. Select Utility Menu> PlotCtrls>
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24. Select Utility Menu> Plot> Comp
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Chapter 3: Using the Function Tool
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Hint: A common error is a divide-by
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3.3. Using the Function Loader When
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2. Define the convection boundary c
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7. Optional: Enter comments for thi
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3.6.1. Graphing a Function From the
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Chapter 4: Initial State The term i
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inis,defi,,,1,,100,200,150 inis,def
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applies an equal stress of SX = 100
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4.7.2. Example: Initial Stress Prob
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inis,defi,all,all,all,all,0.1,,, in
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Chapter 5: Solution In the solution
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Solver Typical Applications * In to
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used. Running the distributed spars
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With all iterative solvers, be part
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5.3.3. Disk Space (I/O) and Postpro
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If your analysis is either static o
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Note Whether you make changes to on
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Figure 5.2 PGR File Options From th
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GUI: Main Menu> Solution> Current L
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Figure 5.3 Examples of Time-Varying
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Requirements for Performing an Anal
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*dim,temtbl,table,4,1,,time ! Defin
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5.9.1.1.1. Multiframe Restart Limit
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prnsol finish 5.9.2. VT Accelerator
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5.12. Stopping Solution After Matri
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Chapter 6: An Overview of Postproce
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each element. Derived data are also
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Chapter 7: The General Postprocesso
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Although not required for postproce
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The ETABLE command documentation li
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• Path plots • Reaction force d
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The PLETAB command contours data st
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PLDISP,1 ! Deformed shape superimpo
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7.2.1.6. Particle Flow and Charged
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• Particle flow traces occasional
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The surfaces you create fall into t
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You can opt to archive all defined
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19 41.811 51.777 .00000E+00 -66.760
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Sample PRETAB and SSUM Output *****
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7.2.5. Mapping Results onto a Path
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Command(s): PDEF GUI: Main Menu> Ge
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To retrieve path information from a
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7.2.6. Estimating Solution Error On
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Write Results - You can use the dat
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NOTE: When you append data to your
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EMF - Windows Enhanced Metafile For
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Figure 7.20 The PGR File Options Di
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7.4.8. Comparing Nodal Solutions Fr
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the effect of the rigid body rotati
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The SADD command (Main Menu> Genera
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To view correct mid-surface results
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To get usable results combine the r
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7.4.4. Mapping Results onto a Diffe
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• EMF (Main Menu> General Postpro
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7.4.8.1. Matching the Nodes The Mec
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7.4.8. Comparing Nodal Solutions Fr
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Chapter 8: The Time-History Postpro
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enables the alternate selections sh
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1. Click on the Add Data button. Re
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APPEND Appends data to previously s
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!derivative of variable 2 with resp
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The above command assumes that you
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When plotting complex data such as
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Sample Output from EXTREM time-hist
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5. Select the variables to be opera
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RESP requires two previously define
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Chapter 9: Selecting and Components
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Note Crossover commands for selecti
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would put UX and UZ constraints on
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The Command Reference describes the
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Chapter 10: Getting Started with Gr
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Remote Network Access Hidden Line R
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10.4.1. Adjusting Input Focus To en
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• If the environment variable SB_
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10.5.5. Erasing the Current Display
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Chapter 11: General Graphics Specif
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11.3.1. Changing the Viewing Direct
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11.4. Controlling Miscellaneous Tex
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11.4.3. Controlling the Location of
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Chapter 12: PowerGraphics Two metho
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The subgrid approach affects both t
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Chapter 13: Creating Geometry Displ
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Figure 13.1 Element Plot of SOLID65
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13.2.1.12. Vector Versus Raster Mod
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Figure 13.2 Create Best Quality Ima
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13.2.3.2. Choosing a Format for the
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Chapter 14: Creating Geometric Resu
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Figure 14.2 A Typical ANSYS Results
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• Changing the contour interval.
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14.5. Isosurface Techniques Isosurf
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Chapter 15: Creating Graphs If you
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Establishing separate Y-axis scales
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15.2.3.5. Defining the TIME (or, Fo
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Chapter 16: Annotation A common ste
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16.3. 3-D Annotation 3-D text and g
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Chapter 17: Animation Animation is
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• ANMODE (Utility Menu> PlotCtrls
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Figure 17.2 The Animation Controlle
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Note If you are doing animation fro
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Chapter 18: External Graphics Besid
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18.1.4. Exporting Graphics in UNIX
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Note The commands discussed in this
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18.3.6. Editing the Neutral Graphic
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Chapter 19: The Report Generator Th
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2. Specify a caption for the captur
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19.4.1.1. Creating a Custom Table I
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Table ID 46 47 48 Description Compo
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Button or Field DYNAMIC DATA REPORT
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The HTML tag to begin JavaScript co
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listingName A unique listing name a
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Chapter 20: File Management and Fil
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20.4. Text Versus Binary Files Depe
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Identifier ELEM EMAT ERR ESAV FATG
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20.4.3. File Compression Many file
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You can also redirect graphics outp
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Chapter 21: Memory Management and C
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21.3.3. Changing Database Space Fro
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Figure 21.4 Dividing Work Space ANS
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NUM_BUFR is the number of buffers p
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een chosen for efficient running of
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Index Symbols 3-D graphics devices,
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path plots, 142 POST26 graphs, 200
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fatigue graphs, 257 files, 277 focu
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material model interface, 8 materia
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multiframe, 117 restarting an analy
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WINDOW command, 227 Windows graphic
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