Evidence on the Adequacy of First Nations Consultation - BC Hydro ...

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DRAFT REPORT: Rights and Title Interests in the Columbia Valley Transmission Project Area 1819]. 140 At the time of the meeting, Morigeau was practicing a nomadic lifestyle and living in his “portable palace,” as De Smet described the man’s lodging. 141 Morigeau had travelled from some unknown place “in haste” to intercept the priest at the headwaters of the Columbia to have his family baptized. De Smet said that Morigeau was with some “Shooswap” [Shuswap] hunting companions when he met him on this occasion in 1845. 142 He did not identify these men, their chief, or indicate where they lived. Thus, this letter does not say anything about an Aboriginal presence being documented in 1819, or that De Smet concluded anything about the tenure of the Canadian trapper’s Shuswap hunting companions in 1845. What the 1845 De Smet does provide, however, is direct evidence that Shuswap men were hunting near the Columbia Lakes area in 1845. An interview with Chief Martin Morigeau (b. 1885) by CBC broadcaster Imbert Orchard in November 1964 confirms the itinerant nature of this man’s ancestor, the Canadian trapper who travelled in haste to meet Father P.J. DeSmet. The earlier Morigeau was also a farmer and, according to Chief Morigeau, first settled in Oroville, Washington: Imbert: Tell me about, was that, was this the yoursame grandfather ranch that first settled on? Martin: No, I don't think so. I don't think he ever did settle down. My dad had one, two, three places that I know of. He sold two of them and then this last one and then we moved into Alberta, you know. We moved in where my great-grandfather come from, Rocky Mountain House? Right on, over the mountain, you know. After David Thompson, you know. The second man in the valley, you know. As far as I know, you know. 143 140 The Shuswap Indian Band studies (2008 and 2009) rely upon excerpts of this letter that are summarized and appear in an article by Rev. Robert J. McGuinness (1941-1942). CCHA, Report, Vol, 9. Available online: http://www.umanitoba.ca/colleges/st_pauls/ccha/Back%20Issues/CCHA1941-42/McGuinness.html; accessed 5 November 2009. It was Rev. McGuinness’ own statement, not one by DeSmet, that asserted, “[Morigeau] left then [NWC] and migrated with the Shuswaps from around Fort Thompson on Shuswap Lake in the year 1819 and with a few of them settled in the Columbia Valley.” The 2007 Robertson study prepared for the Ktunaxa Nation cites a 1932 article written upon the death of Morigeau’s son, Baptiste Morigeau, stating that his father came to the East Kootenays in 1819 (p.22). Robertson suggests that Morigeau’s wife was not from the Kinbasket band, as some people may have assumed. The precision of the date suggests that it was informed by one of the secondary accounts about the migration, such as the one compiled by Rev. McGuinness. 141 Chittenden and Richardson 1905, Vol. 2, page 498. 142 Chittenden and Richardson 1905, Vol. 2, page 500. 143 Available online: http://dspace.cc.uregina.ca/dspace/handle/10294/898. The present authors have not cross-checked the transcript of the interview with the original tape recording. Bouchard & Kennedy Research Consultants Page 29 Page 32 of 200
DRAFT REPORT: Rights and Title Interests in the Columbia Valley Transmission Project Area There was some confusion in the interview whether Francois Morigeau was Chief Martin Morigeau’s grandfather or great-grandfather. Regardless, Chief Morigeau had heard about his ancestor’s encounter with Father DeSmet, and he discussed it in this November 1964 interview, which is excerpted here as it appears online: Imbert: Tell me about him. What have you heard about him? You know, that's been passed down in tradition? Martin: Oh, just that he was in the valley, you know, when the first priests come along. Father Desmets(?), and married him and the wife he was travelling with. Supposed to have eight children -- baptized all the children and everything, you know. That's what I heard. Of course I heard that, you know, years afterwards. Of course I don't know nothing about it, you know. Martin: Well, he was working for the Hudson's Bay. He come out from the east, you know, worked for the Hudson's Bay and he wouldn't, he didn't like the way they were dealing with the Indians, you know. They paid for a muzzle loader gun as much as you are paying for a cannon now, you know. They'd stand the gun up and pile the fur up to the top of the muzzle; the longer the better, you know. There was black fox and everything else you know. So we figured they were paying about as much as you would for a cannon nowadays. (laughs) So he didn't like that and he quit them and come over into this country, you know. And he was the first, he went on west, you know, around... I forgot the name of that place. Imbert: Martin: Imbert: Out of the valley or in the...? Over in the west. Over to the Okanagan? Martin: Yeah, yeah. It's along the border where you see lots of apple trees, you know. Old apple trees, maybe you've seen it. Big fields, you know. Imbert: Martin: Imbert : Martin: Imbert: Down at Osoyoos? It's a little further. Down into the States? Yeah, more in the States. I forget the name of the place. Yeah, Auraville [Oroville, Washington]? Bouchard & Kennedy Research Consultants Page 30 Page 33 of 200
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Janet L. Fraser Director, Regulator
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KTUNAXA NATION COUNCIL BCTC RESPONS
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3 Section 4.4.2.1 Canyon Creek- Rep
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Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat 1 The
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THE KTUNAXA NATION AND THE UPPER CO
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THE KTUNAXA NATION AND THE UPPER CO
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3. APPROACH OF THIS STUDY The main
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BEC: ICH only; wet and cool Wildlif
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Figure 2. Traditional territory of
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The Inissimi Complex was defined fo
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Another group of Ktunaxa, the Qatmu
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Perhaps the greatest of these impac
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The first trading post in Ktunaxa t
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Callesauilk [Upper Kootenays] 91 12
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Kinbaskit, the Chief, who is nearly
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little in the way of fresh insights
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three of their children including F
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Although these accounts confirm tha
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12. ETHNOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENTS OF TER
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2. James Teit Around the turn of th
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Another example comes from a map as
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The Columbia Lakes moved down the C
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9. Ktunaxa Territory, according to
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Salmon played an important part in
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6. Allan Smith In 1984, on behalf o
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6. Randy Bouchard and Dorothy Kenne
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BIBLIOGRAPHY for KTUNAXA AIUS -THE
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California: The Arthur H. Clarke Co
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