Evidence on the Adequacy of First Nations Consultation - BC Hydro ...

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Figure 11. Approximate boundaries of Ktunaxa traditional territory, according to Smith 44 Page 188 of 200
6. Randy Bouchard and Dorothy Kennedy Their Ethnography and Ethnohistory in British Columbia’s Lower Kootenay/Columbia Hydropower Region, 2000 appears to be an exhaustive synthesis of available documentation and ethnography relating to the Lower Kootenay / Columbia Hydropower Region. It has close to 70 pages of bibliography alone, indicating that a very wide range of material has been reviewed. Bouchard and Kennedy, who also contributed a chapter on the Okanagan Indians in Volume 12 of the Handbook of North American Indians, believe that the traditional boundary line of the western portion of Ktunaxa territory runs relatively straight north as an extension of the Washington – Idaho state border until it reaches Golden [Figure 7]. Following Teit’s practice as they have in other studies, 81 Bouchard and Kennedy cite “Lakes place names” as evidence that the Columbia River and adjacent areas from Revelstoke to below the U.S. border were Sinixt lands and lay outside Ktunaxa territory. In this, their analysis falls prey to the same weakness as Teit’s, especially in that it does not appear to account for Ktunaxa names for such places [see pp 26-27, above]. 82 However, the net result is that they essentially agree with Allan Smith in a delineation of Ktunaxa territory that includes the study area. 81 Consistent with their usual approach, Bouchard and Kennedy’s register much of their work under the name “The B.C. Indian Languages Project.” 82 It should also be pointed out that, although the historical research in their report is extensive, their selective interpretation and use of documentation can be unfortunate. For example, in their enthusiasm to reconstruct the history of a once extensive and powerful Sinixt nation, they slough off Ross’s account of meeting of people expressly identified as Ktunaxa living in the Arrow Lakes in the 1820s as mistaken. Another concerns the 1861 report of Colonial Gold Commissioner William Cox, implying in their reference that he only met with the Sinixt concerning troubles with the miners. In fact, Cox not only met separately with the Lower Ktunaxa and acknowledged their presence at the mouth of the Pend d’Oreille River, he marked out a reserve for them at the confluence of the Kootenay and Columbia Rivers. 45 Page 189 of 200
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Janet L. Fraser Director, Regulator
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DRAFT REPORT: Rights and Title Inte
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KTUNAXA NATION COUNCIL BCTC RESPONS
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KTUNAXA NATION COUNCIL BCTC RESPONS
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Page 161 and 162: 3, 4 & 5 Just north of the Frances
Page 163 and 164: Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat 1 The
Page 165 and 166: THE KTUNAXA NATION AND THE UPPER CO
Page 167 and 168: THE KTUNAXA NATION AND THE UPPER CO
Page 169 and 170: 3. APPROACH OF THIS STUDY The main
Page 171 and 172: BEC: ICH only; wet and cool Wildlif
Page 173 and 174: Figure 2. Traditional territory of
Page 175 and 176: The Inissimi Complex was defined fo
Page 177 and 178: Another group of Ktunaxa, the Qatmu
Page 179 and 180: Perhaps the greatest of these impac
Page 181 and 182: The first trading post in Ktunaxa t
Page 183 and 184: the Tobacco Plains area for three m
Page 185 and 186: Callesauilk [Upper Kootenays] 91 12
Page 187 and 188: Kinbaskit, the Chief, who is nearly
Page 189 and 190: little in the way of fresh insights
Page 191 and 192: three of their children including F
Page 193 and 194: Although these accounts confirm tha
Page 195 and 196: Fig. 4 - From Flanagan’s Indian T
Page 197 and 198: 12. ETHNOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENTS OF TER
Page 199 and 200: 2. James Teit Around the turn of th
Page 201 and 202: Another example comes from a map as
Page 203 and 204: The Columbia Lakes moved down the C
Page 205 and 206: 9. Ktunaxa Territory, according to
Page 207 and 208: Salmon played an important part in
Page 209: 6. Allan Smith In 1984, on behalf o
Page 213 and 214: BIBLIOGRAPHY for KTUNAXA AIUS -THE
Page 215 and 216: California: The Arthur H. Clarke Co
Page 217 and 218: Page 195 of 200
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