Geography
Geography
Geography
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<strong>Geography</strong>
Geographers use imaginary lines to divide the<br />
earth into different sections<br />
Equator<br />
circles the middle of the earth<br />
divides earth in half creating:<br />
Northern Hemisphere<br />
Southern Hemisphere<br />
Prime Meridian<br />
runs north to south<br />
Divides earth in half creating:<br />
Eastern Hemisphere<br />
Western Hemisphere
Lines on globes and<br />
maps that cross<br />
each other to form<br />
a grid system<br />
Helps to easily<br />
locate places<br />
Provides Absolute<br />
Location<br />
Uses degrees (°) and<br />
minutes (‘)<br />
Pinpoints a precise<br />
spot.<br />
Latitude:<br />
Parallel to Equator<br />
Equator is at 0°<br />
Measures distance<br />
north or south of<br />
Equator<br />
Longitude:<br />
Circle the earth from<br />
pole to pole<br />
Measures east or west<br />
of 0° - Prime Meridian<br />
Prime Meridian: Royal<br />
Observatory,<br />
Greenwich, England
A round scale model of the earth<br />
Gives a true picture of the continents and<br />
bodies of water<br />
Accurately represent distance and direction
Flat drawing of all<br />
or part of the<br />
earth’s surface<br />
Can show small<br />
areas in great detail<br />
Can also display:<br />
Political boundaries<br />
Population densities<br />
Voting returns<br />
Technology:<br />
Geographic<br />
Information Systems<br />
(GIS)<br />
Software layers map<br />
data from satellite<br />
images<br />
Global Positioning<br />
System (GPS)<br />
Helps consumers and<br />
mapmakers locate<br />
places based on<br />
coordinates via<br />
satellites.
Projection: way of showing the earth on a<br />
flat piece of paper<br />
Common Projections:<br />
Goode’s<br />
Robinson<br />
Winkel Tripel<br />
Mercator
Map Key:<br />
Explains lines, symbols, and colors used on a map<br />
Scale:<br />
A measuring line<br />
Helps you figure distance on a map<br />
Compass Rose:<br />
Symbol that tells the cardinal directions:<br />
north, south, east, west
General Purpose<br />
Map<br />
Shows a wide range<br />
of general<br />
information about<br />
an area<br />
Two most common<br />
Physical<br />
Political<br />
Physical Map:<br />
Shows landforms<br />
(green/brown) and<br />
water features<br />
(blue)<br />
Mountains<br />
Rivers<br />
Deserts<br />
Shows elevation<br />
Key explains color and<br />
symbols
Political Map<br />
Names and<br />
boundaries of<br />
countries<br />
Location of cities<br />
Man-made features<br />
Identifies major<br />
physical features<br />
Special Purpose<br />
Map/Thematic<br />
Emphasizes on<br />
subject or theme<br />
Climate<br />
Natural resources<br />
Historical information<br />
Battles<br />
Territorial changes<br />
Population density
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