Biosafety Manual PDF - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

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Biosafety Manual IBC-approved version (May 18, 2010) or appropriate for the work, respirators may be needed to provide respiratory protection (e.g., potential exposure to airborne transmissible disease agents during patient care). Respirators or face masks are occasionally worn by workers while conducting work with biological materials. There are important differences in design, purpose, and requirements between types of respirators and face masks that may be used for biological materials: • A respirator is a device designed and certified to protect the wearer from the inhalation of harmful atmospheres. A respirator may be a required respiratory control or worn voluntarily by the worker. A respirator might also provide face or product protection. Types and examples of some respirators: o A negative-pressure, air-purifying respirator is a tight-fitting respirator in which the air pressure inside the facepiece is negative during inhalation with respect to the ambient air pressure outside the respirator, and an air-purifying filter or cartridge removes specific air contaminants. Examples include the following types of cartridge and filtering facepiece respirators: ‣ A negative-pressure, air-purifying, cartridge respirator is a respirator that uses a filter, sorbent, or catalyst housed inside a cartridge to remove contaminants from the air. Examples are respirators using an N95 or P100 cartridge particulate filter that is 95% and 100% efficient, respectively. ‣ A filtering facepiece respirator is a negative pressure, air-purifying respirator with a particulate filter as an integral part of the facepiece or with the entire facepiece composed of the filtering medium. A filtering facepiece respirator is sometimes incorrectly referred to as a dust mask or an N95 respirator. The term “dust mask” is an inaccurate term because a filtering facepiece respirator is a respirator, not a face mask. In addition, filtering facepiece respirators are not to be confused with N95 respirators, because only cartridge-type respirators use N95 filters. o A positive-pressure respirator is a respirator designed to maintain positive pressure inside the facepiece during exhalation and inhalation. Examples include a powered air-purifying respirator or a supplied-air respirator, which are not normally used at LBNL for biosafety purposes. • A face mask is a loose-fitting, disposable device that covers the worker’s nose and mouth and is not a respirator. Examples of face masks include products labeled as surgical, medical, dental, or isolation masks. A face mask might be worn in combination with eye protection to protect the nose and mouth from splatters or sprays, or the face mask might prevent the wearer from contaminating a product, patient, lab animal, or surface from particles (e.g., droplets) expelled from the nose or mouth. Face masks are not intended to protect the wearer from inhalation of airborne agents and must not be used for respiratory protection. Filtering facepiece respirator. Face mask Source: CDC courtesy of Moldex Metric Inc. (April 2009). Source: CDC (April 2009) Printed copies are not official versions of this manual. Before using the printed copy, verify that it is the most current version. 48
Biosafety Manual IBC-approved version (May 18, 2010) The following requirements are applicable to respirator uses, regardless of why the respirator is worn: • The respirator must be issued and worn in accordance with PUB-3000, Section 4.13, which includes the LBNL Respiratory Protection Program document. See these polices for additional information and consult your EH&S Industrial Hygienist. Voluntary use of a filtering facepiece that is not a required respiratory control requires a hazard evaluation and training before use, but unlike other required respirator uses, does not require a medical evaluation or fit-testing. • A risk assessment for the respirator must be documented in the Biosafety Work Authorization if the respirator use is related to the handling of biological materials. 5.5 Labels and Signs Biological materials, agents, waste, potentially contaminated items, and laboratory rooms must be properly identified with labels, signs, or colors. Identification is needed so that responsibilities, material identities, hazards, or controls are communicated to workers, visitors, and others. These labels, signs, and colors must be displayed in accordance with LBNL policies and applicable requirements in the biosafety standards as summarized in this section. A biohazard label or red color is typically required to provide warning when a biohazardous condition may be present. A biohazard label is a sign that is predominantly fluorescent orange or orange-red. It also contains a biohazard symbol and the word “Biohazard” in a contrasting color. The label shown below displays the required biohazard legend: Biohazard label. Source: 29 CFR 1910.1030(g)(1) The following are biosafety criteria for labels, signs, and colors: • Information or labels should be visible on containers of biological materials or agents so that their content can be identified. • A biohazard label should be posted as a best management practice on primary equipment that uses, stores, or may be contaminated with RG2 agents or materials. • Work with BBP materials requires: o Biohazard labels, red containers, or red bags for waste containers, refrigerators, freezers, or other containers used to store, transport, or ship BBP materials o Biohazard labels, red containers, or red bags for containers or bags used for laundry that may be contaminated with BBP materials o Biohazard labels used to indicate which equipment parts remain contaminated with BBP materials Printed copies are not official versions of this manual. Before using the printed copy, verify that it is the most current version. 49
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