Writing in English as an Additional Language at Key Stage 2

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Writing in English as an Additional Language at Key Stage 2 81 8 Writing a radio advertisement In this chapter, we report on the writing of radio advertisements as required by the shorter task (Appendix 2). Forty scripts by pupils achieving levels 3 and 5 were randomly selected from the full set for detailed analysis. We were particularly interested in how pupils tackled the genre requirements of this task (see explanation of genre in section 2.6) . How far can young writers, particularly those using English as an additional language, capture the format, style and voice typical of radio adverts? 8.1 The writing task The overall task is to write an advert that will persuade people to buy a new toy. In the preparation phase of the task, pupils were asked to make notes on what the toy was and who it was for, and to list three main features. They had to choose a name for the toy. They were then given a single page with 23 lines on which to write the advertisement, and a time of 20 minutes. Using the Framework for Writing (Figure 5), at the whole text level, the child has the task of conveying information about the toy and persuading the reader / listener to buy one. The form of the whole text is expected to follow the (sub) genre of the local radio advertisement. Within the text, the writer has to make use of language to describe features of the toy, and to appeal to the reader / listener. 8.2 The genre of the local radio advertisement Listening to radio adverts suggests that they work as conventionalised genres in the following ways: • they follow a predictable 3 or 4 stage format, each with a specific purpose • they include certain types of information • the language style and voice vary with the stage in the format. Table 14 shows these stages and what a full task response might include. Sample scripts are included in Appendix 3 for each of the children whose stories have been used as examples in previous chapters. We should note that the NC test task instructions ask the children to “write the words … to persuade”, and the marking scheme rates for use of a spoken, informal style, rather than the in-depth genre knowledge that we have looked at in our analysis. We assume, however, that if writers had that knowledge they would have used it in their test answers.
Writing in English as an Additional Language at Key Stage 2 82 Format Purpose Stage 1 Attract Attention The purpose of this stage is to ‘hook’ the listener into paying attention to the advert. Could be • a little drama • a story • a problem in need of a solution Information Style – language use Voice Key point e.g. there is an amazing new toy If dramatised, varies to make characters seem realistic. Could be a direct question that identifies the problem: e.g. “Having a boring journey?” People the listener might identify with. Often direct address to listener. Stage 2 The Information This is the longest stage and gives the listener all the key information about the product. Name Market: Who it is designed for Description: colour, texture Features: components, what it does Purchasing info: where, how much Informational + Persuasive. Spoken Relevant detail e.g. • adjectives • adverbs • sub-ordination A person to be trusted – serious Rhetorical features: • parallelism • 3-part phrases • varied sentence types • hyperbole Stage 3 The Slogan Very short stage that links back to stage 1 with a phrase for the listener to remember Minimal Punchy memorable Exciting, excited (Optional) Stage 4 The Small Print Further information to protect the seller from claims of misleading listeners. Technical, legal, precise Precise Full sentences Use of passives and other distancing features. Very fast. Calm, flat intonation. Table 13 Genre features of a local radio advertisement
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