book setup 2069 nijamati.indd
book setup 2069 nijamati.indd book setup 2069 nijamati.indd
s] < h;n] ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ yk sfuhftsf] em~em6 / ;]jfk|bfos ;+:yfn] klg s] ug]{ eGg] ljifodf cndlnPsf] cj:yf kfOPsf] 5 h:n] tNnf] txsf ;]jfk|bfos lgsfo÷kbflwsf/L l4ljwfdf kg]{ / ;]jfu|fxLn] cgfjZos em~em6 Joxf]g'{ kg]{ cj:yf /x]sf] kfOG5 . • ;/sf/ / ;]jfk|jfxk|ltsf] b[li6sf]0f nfdf] ;dob]lv ;fj{hlgs k|zf;gk|lt hgtfsf] ;sf/fTds ljZjf; u'Db} hfFbf cGttM /fd|f s'/fsf] jf/]df jsfnt ubf{ klg ;]jfk|jfx ug] { clwsf/L÷lgsfon] cgfjZos bM'v lbg] lgotaf6 ul/Psf] eGg] efjgfaf6 sd{rf/Ldf x]g]{ b[li6sf]0f ;sf/fTds x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . unt b[li6sf]0fsf] sf/0f /fd|f /fi6«;]js÷sd{rf/L klg lg?T;flxt x'b} ;]jfk|jfxsf] k|efjsf/Ltfdf cj?4 x'g] u/]sf] lttf] oyfy{ :jLsf/ ug'{kg]{ cj:yf /x]sf] 5 . • pko'Qm k|0ffnL, k"jf{wf/ / ;f|]t;fwgsf] cefj xfdL;+u s]Gb| b]lv :yfgLo :t/ ;Dd ljleGg k|sf/sf ;+oGqx?sf] :yfkgf u/L sfof{Gjog /x]sf 5g t/ To;sf] nflu pko'Qm k|0ffnL, sfof{Gjogsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ k"jf{wf/ / ;+rfng vr{ kof{Kt dfqfdf x'g g;Sbf :yfgLo lgsfox?af6 hgtfn] rfx] cg'?ksf] ;]jf kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg . o:tf ;+oGqsf] cf}lrTo dfly klg k|zg p7]sf] kfOG5 . h:tf] s[lif, kz', :jf:Yo / jg h:tf lgsfosf :yfgLo OsfO{x?sf] cf}lrTo dfly g} k|Zg p7g] u/]sf 5g . • s]Gb|Lo tx / :yfgLo :t/sf] sfof{nox?aLr ;dGjo / bf]xf]/f] ;~rf/sf] cefj s]Gb|Lo txn] gLltut, cg'udg / ;dGjosf] sfo{ ug]{ / :yfgLo lgsfoaf6 hgtf;+u k|ToIf ;DaGw /fvL ;]jf k|jfx ug]{ If]qflwsf/ ePsf]df :yfgLo txaf6 ;]jf k|jfx ubf{ cfpg] ;d:of / l4ljwfx? s]Gb|Lo txaf6 ;dodf lgsf; / cfjZos ;dGjo / ;xof]usf] cefjsf] sf/0f k|efjsf/L ;]jf k|jfxdf afwf k'Ug] u/]sf] kfOG5 . • sfo{If]q / clwsf/df cgfjZos x:tIf]k /fHon] s'g} klg sfo{ ubf{ lglZrt P]g÷sfg"g, gLlt, lgb] {lzsfsf] cfwf/df ;fj{ef}d;Qf hgtfnfO{ ;]jf k|jfx ug'{kg]{ / ;f]cg'?k sd{rf/L÷/fi6«;]jsn] klg sfo{ ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . t/ ljleGg k|sf/sf] x:tIf]ksf] sf/0f ;fdfGo ljifon] klg cgfjZos bjfj, ljjfb / ;+u7gdfly g} k|Zg p7g] u/L jftfj/0f l;h{gf u/L cGtt bjfj;d"x, ;]jfu|fxL, ;]jfk|jfx clwsf/L÷lgsfoaLr c;xh jftfj/0f l;h{gf x'g] u/]sf] 36gfx? klg kfOPsf] 5 . 72
• /fi6«;]jsdf hgtfk|ltsf] lhDd]jf/L / bfloTj efjgfsf] sdL clwsf+z /fi6«;]js sd{rf/Ldf ;]jf efj eGbf b}lgsL hLjg cyf{t ;do s;/L Joltt ug]{, s'g} sf/0fn] ck7\of/f] kl/G5 ls egL hf]lvd glng] h:tf sf/0fn] ubf{ hgtfn] ;/n / l56f] ;]jf kfpg ;s]sf] 5}g eg] pgLx?df ;sf/fTds wf/0ff, aGg ;s]sf] 5}g . cfd sd{rf/Ldf ;Lh{gzLntfsf] cefjsf ;fy} cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L / bfloTjsf] jf/]df ;+j]bgzLn gx'bf klg ;]jf k|jfx ;xh x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . • sd{rf/Lsf] ;xL d"NofÍg / b08 k'/:sf/sf] sdL /fd|f sfd ubf{ ;Ddfg, kbf]Gglt / /fd|f cj;/ -tfnLd cfGtl/s / jfXo_ j}b]lzs cWoog tyf e|d0f cflb k|fKt x'G5 / unt / lhDd]jf/L k"/f gu/]df sf/jfxLsf] efuL x'g'kb{5 eGg] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . /fd|f sfd ubf{ unt sfo{ ug]{x?sf] sfo{df cj/f]w k'Ug] hfg] x'bf tL ;d"xn] /fd|f sfd ug] { lj?4 nlaË ug] { jftfj/0fsf sf/0f /fd|f sfd ug]{ sd{rf/Lx? klg xtf]T;fxL x'g'kg]{ cj:yf ;d]t klg b]lvPsf] 5 . • /fd|f sfo{sf] ahf/Ls/0f tyf k|jw{g / g/fd|f sfo{sf] lgoGq0f / lg?T;flxt gx'g' sltko /fi6«;]jsx?af6 l;h{gzLn / Pro-active eO{ sfo{ u/]klg ;f] cg'?ksf] ;Daf]wg (Highlight) /fHoaf6 x'g;s]sf] 5}g . /fd|f sfd ug]{ JolQm tyf ;+:yfsf] ahf/Ls/0f / k|jw{g x'g g;Sg' / g/fd|f sfo{sf] lgoGq0f / lg?T;flxt gx'Fbf /fi6«;]jsx?df l;h{gzLntf / nugzLntf 36bf] cj:yf /x]sf] 5 . /fHon] jflif{s ?kdf /fd|f sfd u/]sf /fi6«;]jsnfO{ ;Ddfg / k'/:sf/ cflb k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] ePklg sltko cj:yfdf kfpg' kg]{n] gkfpg] / gkfpg' kg]{n] kfPsf] sf/0f /fHoaf6 ePsf] d"NofÍgk|lt g} k|Zg klg p7g] u/]sf] kfOG5 . • /fHoaf6 cfjZstfsf] ;xL klxrfg / ;Daf]wg x'g g;Sg' ljut nfdf] ;dob]lv ;fwf/0f vr{ sd ug] { gfddf s]jn ;fwf/0f vr{ 36fpg] Psf]xf]/f] gLlt lnOb} cfPsf] 5 t/ d'n'sdf a9bf] hg;+Vof / hgtfsf] cfjZostfnfO{ Wofg} glbO{ sd{rf/Lsf] ;+Vof s6f}tL u/L vr{ 36fpg] ;f]r dfq l;h{gf ul/of] hals /fHodf hg;+Vof j[l4 / hgtfsf] dfu lbgfg'lbg a9bf] /x]sf] 5 . o:tf] cj:yfnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ yk hgzlQm, ;+u7g / ;|f]t;fwgsf] cfjZostf kb{5 To;tkm{ ;/sf/n] ;sf/fTds / ;xL ?kdf b[li6 k'¥ofpg g;Sbf ;a} txdf /fHosf] ;sf/fTds pkl:ylt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . 73
- Page 29 and 30: !)= k|f/lDes vfnsf Aoj;fox? 10.5 12
- Page 31 and 32: gjzf:qLo d"No pTk|]/0ff 9frfn] k"hL
- Page 33 and 34: x'g] lgdf{0f tyf >dd"ns sfo{df jif{
- Page 35 and 36: ljljwtfsf] Joj:yfkg M g]kfn ;Gbe{ z
- Page 37 and 38: dflg;x?df ;lxi0f'tf, nrstf / Ps cfk
- Page 39 and 40: d]6fpbf c;Gt'i6 ;d'xsf] hGd x'g] eP
- Page 41 and 42: k|hftflGqs Joj:yf cufn]sf] d'n'sdf
- Page 43 and 44: s'n hg;+Vofdf k|ltzt lhNnfut ?kdf j
- Page 45 and 46: ;Gbe{ ;fdfu|Lx? != g]kfnsf] cGtl/d
- Page 47 and 48: != pTk|]/0ff sd{rf/LnfO{ cfˆgf] sf
- Page 49 and 50: • >d÷sfo{sf] :t/ / k'/:sf/aLr tf
- Page 51 and 52: • g]kfn ;/sf/sf] sfd sf/afxLnfO{
- Page 53 and 54: k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd x'g] . o:tf] s
- Page 55 and 56: • cfk"m axfn /x]sf] ljefu jf ;f]
- Page 57 and 58: @=!=^ clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg] s'
- Page 59 and 60: • ;]jf k|jfxsf] k|fyldstf, • If
- Page 61 and 62: ^= ;]jf ;'ljwf k|rlnt sfg"gdf Joj:y
- Page 63 and 64: hnjfo' kl/jt{g Joj:yfkgsf ;Gbe{df h
- Page 65 and 66: lqmofsnfk k[YjLsf] rf]vf]kg ljufg{d
- Page 67 and 68: tyf ljsf;f]Gd'v b'j} ;d"xsf d'n'sx?
- Page 69 and 70: • hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf ;Gbe{df x'g] k
- Page 71 and 72: • to ul/Psf] pQm ;+s]t -!, @ jf #
- Page 73 and 74: j[xt g]kfnL zAbsf]z cg';f/ ;'zf;gsf
- Page 75 and 76: cf=j= @)^^÷)^& sf] ah]6 jQmJo •
- Page 77 and 78: ;'zf;gsf] lhDd]jf/ kIfdf s]jn sfo{k
- Page 79: nfO{ k|f]T;fxg glbg', pQ/bfloTjsf]
- Page 83 and 84: ^= ;'zf;gsf] k|efjsfl/tf clej[l4sf
- Page 85 and 86: plQs} dxTj /fVb5 . :sfg8]leog d'n's
- Page 87 and 88: s"n ;/sf/L vr{sf] 4 k|ltzt /x]sf] %
- Page 89 and 90: sdhf]/ /x]sf] % eg] csf{lt/ cfkm"x?
- Page 91 and 92: • g]kfn]sf] ;+ljwfgdf ;+:yfg lgod
- Page 93 and 94: lgisif{ ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgx? ;/sf/sf ;
- Page 95 and 96: ToxfF sfg"gsf] zf;g x' Fb}g . hxfF
- Page 97 and 98: k|zf;sLo sfg"g /fHo ;~rfngsf] cfwf/
- Page 99 and 100: ;/sf/L gf]s/Lsf] ljleGg cof]Uo g7xl
- Page 101 and 102: clwsf/L jf lgsfonfO{ cfTdlgi7 thljh
- Page 103 and 104: l/6 lgj]bgdf JofVof ub}{ elgPsf] 5-
- Page 105 and 106: dfwj s'df/ a:g]t lj?4 k|wfgdGqL ;d]
- Page 107 and 108: Goflos dgsf] k|of]u u/L 5fgljg u/]/
- Page 109 and 110: dfGo x'g g;Sg] eGb} ;jf] {Rr cbfntn
- Page 111 and 112: agfPaf6 ;'g'jfO{sf] df}sf lbg'kg]{
- Page 113 and 114: sf/jfxLx? cfkm}df Jojl:yt / dof{lbt
- Page 115 and 116: kb v'Nnf k|ltof]lutf4f/f sfo{Ifdtfs
- Page 117 and 118: @=! lghfdtL ;]jf P]g cGtu{tsf kbx?
- Page 119 and 120: dfly pNn]v eP cg';f/ k|ltzt lgwf{/0
- Page 121 and 122: @=@=! P3f/f} / gjf} tx clws[t P3f/f
- Page 123 and 124: 5 5 X 80 = 4.00 100 4 5 X 20 = 1.00
- Page 125 and 126: $= ;dfj]zLtkm{sf ljleGg ;d"xsf] nfl
- Page 127 and 128: { &= k|ltzt lgwf{/0f ;DjGwdf ePsf c
- Page 129 and 130: !@_ k|ltzt lgwf{/0f ug]{ ldltdf Ps?
• /fi6«;]jsdf hgtfk|ltsf] lhDd]jf/L / bfloTj efjgfsf] sdL<br />
clwsf+z /fi6«;]js sd{rf/Ldf ;]jf efj eGbf b}lgsL hLjg cyf{t ;do s;/L Joltt<br />
ug]{, s'g} sf/0fn] ck7\of/f] kl/G5 ls egL hf]lvd glng] h:tf sf/0fn] ubf{ hgtfn] ;/n<br />
/ l56f] ;]jf kfpg ;s]sf] 5}g eg] pgLx?df ;sf/fTds wf/0ff, aGg ;s]sf] 5}g . cfd<br />
sd{rf/Ldf ;Lh{gzLntfsf] cefjsf ;fy} cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L / bfloTjsf] jf/]df ;+j]bgzLn<br />
gx'bf klg ;]jf k|jfx ;xh x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .<br />
• sd{rf/Lsf] ;xL d"NofÍg / b08 k'/:sf/sf] sdL<br />
/fd|f sfd ubf{ ;Ddfg, kbf]Gglt / /fd|f cj;/ -tfnLd cfGtl/s / jfXo_ j}b]lzs cWoog<br />
tyf e|d0f cflb k|fKt x'G5 / unt / lhDd]jf/L k"/f gu/]df sf/jfxLsf] efuL x'g'kb{5 eGg]<br />
jftfj/0f lgdf{0f x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . /fd|f sfd ubf{ unt sfo{ ug]{x?sf] sfo{df cj/f]w k'Ug]<br />
hfg] x'bf tL ;d"xn] /fd|f sfd ug] { lj?4 nlaË ug] { jftfj/0fsf sf/0f /fd|f sfd ug]{<br />
sd{rf/Lx? klg xtf]T;fxL x'g'kg]{ cj:yf ;d]t klg b]lvPsf] 5 .<br />
• /fd|f sfo{sf] ahf/Ls/0f tyf k|jw{g / g/fd|f sfo{sf] lgoGq0f / lg?T;flxt gx'g'<br />
sltko /fi6«;]jsx?af6 l;h{gzLn / Pro-active eO{ sfo{ u/]klg ;f] cg'?ksf] ;Daf]wg<br />
(Highlight) /fHoaf6 x'g;s]sf] 5}g . /fd|f sfd ug]{ JolQm tyf ;+:yfsf] ahf/Ls/0f /<br />
k|jw{g x'g g;Sg' / g/fd|f sfo{sf] lgoGq0f / lg?T;flxt gx'Fbf /fi6«;]jsx?df l;h{gzLntf<br />
/ nugzLntf 36bf] cj:yf /x]sf] 5 . /fHon] jflif{s ?kdf /fd|f sfd u/]sf /fi6«;]jsnfO{<br />
;Ddfg / k'/:sf/ cflb k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] ePklg sltko cj:yfdf kfpg' kg]{n] gkfpg] /<br />
gkfpg' kg]{n] kfPsf] sf/0f /fHoaf6 ePsf] d"NofÍgk|lt g} k|Zg klg p7g] u/]sf] kfOG5 .<br />
• /fHoaf6 cfjZstfsf] ;xL klxrfg / ;Daf]wg x'g g;Sg'<br />
ljut nfdf] ;dob]lv ;fwf/0f vr{ sd ug] { gfddf s]jn ;fwf/0f vr{ 36fpg] Psf]xf]/f]<br />
gLlt lnOb} cfPsf] 5 t/ d'n'sdf a9bf] hg;+Vof / hgtfsf] cfjZostfnfO{ Wofg} glbO{<br />
sd{rf/Lsf] ;+Vof s6f}tL u/L vr{ 36fpg] ;f]r dfq l;h{gf ul/of] hals /fHodf hg;+Vof<br />
j[l4 / hgtfsf] dfu lbgfg'lbg a9bf] /x]sf] 5 . o:tf] cj:yfnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ cfjZos<br />
kg]{ yk hgzlQm, ;+u7g / ;|f]t;fwgsf] cfjZostf kb{5 To;tkm{ ;/sf/n] ;sf/fTds /<br />
;xL ?kdf b[li6 k'¥ofpg g;Sbf ;a} txdf /fHosf] ;sf/fTds pkl:ylt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .<br />
73