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Management of Childhood Illness (CB-IMCI), the Community-Based Newborn
Care Package (CB-NCP), and the National Immunization Programme (NIP).
The CB-IMCI package has recently been expanded to all 75 districts.
Based on the National Neonatal Strategy 2004, the government is piloting
the CB-NCP in 11 districts. This programme promotes the use of skilled
birth attendants during delivery, and provides Community-Based counseling,
treatment and referral of sick neonatals. It encourages clean delivery, newborn
resuscitation, prevention of hypothermia, kangaroo care, use of antibiotics for
infection, tetanus toxin vaccination, breast-feeding education, hygiene education
and antenatal interventions. And initial assessment of four UNICEF-supported
pilot districts (Kavre, Chitwan, Palpa and Dang) suggests that neonatal mortality
has fallen to 18 deaths per 1,000 live births compared to the national average
of 33 and the IMR to 24 deaths per 1,000 live births (UNICEF, 2009). Neonatal
health has also been made an integral part of Safe Motherhood Programme,
and provisions have been made to deliver appropriate neonatal care through
all health facilities where basic and/or comprehensive emergency obstetric care
(BEOC/CEOC) services for pregnant women are available.
Figure 3: Maternal mortality ratio (MMR)
Figure 4: Percentage of births attended by skill birth attendant
The NIP, including vaccination against measles, is a high-priority government
programme, and covers the entire country free of cost. It delivers services through
routine and supplemental immunization programmes. Following the National
Measles Campaign in 2005, both measles-like our-breaks and laboratoryconfirmed
measles cases have decreased significantly. The Multi-Year Plan
for Immunization (2007-2011) outlines activities aimed at achieving measles
elimination by 2011. To sustain achievements made so far, the government
conducted a national measles follow-up campaign in 2008.
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