book setup 2069 nijamati.indd
book setup 2069 nijamati.indd book setup 2069 nijamati.indd
3.2 Public policy and service innovation At present, public policy makers have started to emphasize the potential for promoting service innovations as a part of their economic development strategies. It has been driven by the growing contribution of services, programs and activities which make particular country's economics. Various studies have shown that their traditional policy measures are not proved appropriate, technology transfer supports have been desirable and have been developed from a manufacturing perspective of the innovation process. Such corrective measures in public policies have been seriously taken in the European Commission Expert Group's Report on the field of service innovation, titled as "Fostering Innovation in Services" as well as various trendchart studies. This emerging thought in policy action has been translated to launch a number of knowledge intensive service platforms designed to act as laboratories for new public policies to design services innovation. This effort has been an integral part of Finland, Germany, Canada, Norway including other refracted societies of the globe. The allocation of new innovation of service delivery in the process of designing public policy has been appropriate and highly essential, especially in developing world. 3.3 Proper identification of people's demand Due to the dissatisfaction of the people about the quality and process of the public service, innovation-based reform has been highly inevitable both in the developed and developing nations. Growing disbelief and distrust against government, people in developing countries, especially the ordinary people have been alienated from governments. Such situation has led to weaken achievements of democratic government. In many societies mass demonstration for transparency, accountability and demand-based planning has existed. This raises the loss of trust and institutional instability from the society. Such deplorable condition need to be improved by respecting the rule of law, human rights and proper identification of the ordinary people. Majority segment of the world population agrees with democratic principles that the will of the people should be the basis for the authority of government. But in many parts failure of innovation in public service delivery has been main cause of democratic failure. To address the heightened expectation of ordinary people governments need try to raise the basic services resulting mismatch to realize capacity building required to deliver. So every society has a need to regain its own ethnographic people to design their own system to deliver in the best possible manner. To obtain the ownership from the people, governments should understand what actually they need otherwise governments will run without the trust and confidence of ordinary citizens which is entirely futile and counterproductive for the concerned government. 226
3.4 Narrowing gulf between rich and poor In most countries growing gulf between rich and poor is leading to extreme marginalization to meet their normal life. In the United States, one in eight Americans is fighting heavily to feed themselves. According to the Development Report of the World Bank three out of four of the total population reside in rural areas and are dependent on agriculture. While this sector needs to be promoted to achieve the Millennium Development Goal of halving poverty by 2015, services would be drastically changed to newer arrangements which is expected to bring accountability, transparency, cost effectiveness, speed, quality along with the ability to materialize and continue the newly innovated service arrangements in future. Situation needs to be furnished to advance social justice, equality, equity and community solidarity including the realization of the potentiality of the individuals. 4 . Best practices on service delivery While talking about PSD poor and vulnerable class of people who, often fail to have easy access to service delivery, must be kept in mind. Although in most of the developing nation, the state of majority people is not improved in the desired extent. However, in some countries, collaborative efforts of people and governments are doing better by putting ultra-poor at the centre of service provisions, by empowering them for the purpose of participative planning, implementation and monitoring of the whole processes of their development, paying due respect to the voice of the people in public policy making and by enhancing the capacity of the service providers, especially focusing the poor . Typically, reforms in service delivery are based on the capacity enhancements of the supply-side, such a top-down approach is not sufficient; voice to capacitate the demand-side has been significant, trend to emphasize demand component makes compatible with the supply-side has highly been essential. Special attention is given to the demand of the service-seekers everywhere. To meet tremendous demands, different programs/schemes, and projects are being materialized as cited below: 4.1 India 4.1.1 Rural Employment Guarantee Programs With the purpose of addressing the lives of the poor and promoting inclusive growth, the Government of India is materializing National Rural Employment Guarantee Act. since 2006 in a phased manner. Its basic features include wage payment and time-bound employment guarantee within 15 days, 90 percent of the total cost of employment is borne by the centre; rest amount for unemployment allowance is the liabilities of the State. Emphasis is 227
- Page 183 and 184: • :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno cGtu{t ul/j
- Page 185 and 186: • sltko sfo{qmdx?sf] ;Gbe{df j}b]
- Page 187 and 188: • :yfgLo :t/sf ;/sf/ Pj+ lgsfox?s
- Page 189 and 190: ug]{, ;xsf/L jhf/sf] ljsf; ug] { nu
- Page 191 and 192: lg0f{o ug{] k|lqmof M l;4fGt / Jojx
- Page 193 and 194: ;do / kl/l:ylt ;d]tnfO{ dWogh/ /flv
- Page 195 and 196: • nIod'vL sfo{ • ljsNkx?sf] ;d"
- Page 197 and 198: lg0f{o k|lqmofsf r/0fx? ;+u7gsf] ;k
- Page 199 and 200: lg0f{o k|lqmofdf k|efj kfg{ ] tTjx?
- Page 201 and 202: ‣ gjLg k|zf;lso cjwf/0ffx? cjnDjg
- Page 203 and 204: lg0f{o k|lqmofnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg]
- Page 205 and 206: • Never ending memo -tNnf] txaf6
- Page 207 and 208: lgisif{ 'Administrative decision ma
- Page 209 and 210: ;fj{hlgs k|zf;gdf ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] ;d
- Page 211 and 212: lIf0f clk|msfdf uf]/f hfltsf dflg;x
- Page 213 and 214: cd]l/sL :jtGqtfsf] 3f]if0ff, !&&^ (
- Page 215 and 216: • dfgj dfqnfO{ hft, j0f{ jf hftLo
- Page 217 and 218: ;fj{hlgs k|zf;gdf kx' Frsf nfuL @))
- Page 219 and 220: ;+lawfgn] g} /fHo ;+/rgfnfO{ ;dfj]z
- Page 221 and 222: #= g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -P=df=Nf]_
- Page 223 and 224: ^= ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] kIf-lakIfdf p7]sf
- Page 225 and 226: • ;fj{hlgs k|zf;gdf ;dfj]zLs/0fsf
- Page 227 and 228: • blnt ;d'bfosf JolStx?nfO{ sfof{
- Page 229 and 230: • ;/sf/L / cGo ;a} kIfx?sf] ;xefl
- Page 231 and 232: 1. Concept of Public Service Delive
- Page 233: Service innovation denotes quite a
- Page 237 and 238: Application of CRCs produced effici
- Page 239 and 240: Act, (LSGA), 2055 (1999)' LSGA is a
- Page 241 and 242: was formally introduced into the ac
- Page 243 and 244: local communities and strengthening
- Page 245 and 246: The analysis of the IMR and U5MR fo
- Page 247 and 248: As outlined in the Nepal Health Sec
- Page 249 and 250: Table 1: Quota for excluded caste,
- Page 251 and 252: of various castes and ethnic groups
- Page 253 and 254: • In the same vain citizens shoul
- Page 255 and 256: At present, local bodies have been
- Page 257 and 258: Introduction Overview on Conflict M
- Page 259 and 260: Managerial actions that minimize co
- Page 261 and 262: It is commonplace for organizations
- Page 263 and 264: Dual concern model of conflict reso
- Page 265 and 266: team members. One reason for this m
- Page 267 and 268: such techniques can help to prevent
- Page 269 and 270: strive to eliminate the source of t
- Page 271 and 272: Resolve remaining differences: Defi
- Page 273 and 274: Cottringer, William. (1997, Aug). C
- Page 275 and 276: ;Dkfbs d08nsf] cg'/f]w lghfdtL ;]jf
3.4 Narrowing gulf between rich and poor<br />
In most countries growing gulf between rich and poor is leading to extreme<br />
marginalization to meet their normal life. In the United States, one in eight Americans<br />
is fighting heavily to feed themselves. According to the Development Report of<br />
the World Bank three out of four of the total population reside in rural areas and<br />
are dependent on agriculture. While this sector needs to be promoted to achieve<br />
the Millennium Development Goal of halving poverty by 2015, services would be<br />
drastically changed to newer arrangements which is expected to bring accountability,<br />
transparency, cost effectiveness, speed, quality along with the ability to materialize<br />
and continue the newly innovated service arrangements in future. Situation needs<br />
to be furnished to advance social justice, equality, equity and community solidarity<br />
including the realization of the potentiality of the individuals.<br />
4 . Best practices on service delivery<br />
While talking about PSD poor and vulnerable class of people who, often fail to<br />
have easy access to service delivery, must be kept in mind. Although in most of the<br />
developing nation, the state of majority people is not improved in the desired extent.<br />
However, in some countries, collaborative efforts of people and governments are<br />
doing better by putting ultra-poor at the centre of service provisions, by empowering<br />
them for the purpose of participative planning, implementation and monitoring of the<br />
whole processes of their development, paying due respect to the voice of the people<br />
in public policy making and by enhancing the capacity of the service providers,<br />
especially focusing the poor . Typically, reforms in service delivery are based on the<br />
capacity enhancements of the supply-side, such a top-down approach is not sufficient;<br />
voice to capacitate the demand-side has been significant, trend to emphasize demand<br />
component makes compatible with the supply-side has highly been essential. Special<br />
attention is given to the demand of the service-seekers everywhere. To meet tremendous<br />
demands, different programs/schemes, and projects are being materialized as cited<br />
below:<br />
4.1 India<br />
4.1.1 Rural Employment Guarantee Programs<br />
With the purpose of addressing the lives of the poor and promoting inclusive<br />
growth, the Government of India is materializing National Rural Employment<br />
Guarantee Act. since 2006 in a phased manner. Its basic features include<br />
wage payment and time-bound employment guarantee within 15 days, 90<br />
percent of the total cost of employment is borne by the centre; rest amount<br />
for unemployment allowance is the liabilities of the State. Emphasis is<br />
227
Change language