book setup 2069 nijamati.indd

%= Should not have side impact M Pp6f ljifoj:t'df ul/Psf] lg0f{on] csf{] kIfnfO{ gsf/fTds
k|efj kfg{'x'Fb}g . /fi6«sf] ;+ljwfgdf plNnlvt gLlt tyf lgb{ ]zs l;4fGtx?, kl/kq, cbfntL
ghL/ tyf cfb]zx?, k/Dk/fut cEof;x?, cfjlws tyf jflif{s of]hgf tyf ljleGg If]qut
:jLs[t gLlt / lgodx?nfO{ klg k|efj kfg'{x'Fb}g .
^= Time frame M lg0f{o x'g] cjlwsf] PsLg x'g'kb{5 . / ;f] ;dofjlwleq lg0f{o eO{;s]/
sfof{Gjogsf] k|lqmof cufl8 a9fO{;Sg'kb{5 .
&=
Monitoring and Evaluation M lg0f{osf] sfof{Gjog ul/Pkl5 ck]lIft p2]Zo xfl;n eP gePsf]
af/]df k/LIf0f ug{ cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sgsf nflu k|efjsf/L ;+oGqsf] ljsf; ug{'kb{5 .
o;af6 eljiodf ;f]xL k|s[ltsf ljifox?df lg0f{o ubf{ cfjZos dfu{bz{g cyjf k[i7kf]if0f
(Feedback) k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 . o;af6 ljutdf ePsf uNtLx? ;'wf/ u/L eljiodf ;sf/fTds
lbzfdf cufl8 a9\g k| ]/0ff ;d]t k|fKt x'G5 .
*= Rational M lg0f{o o'lQm;+ut x'g'kb{5 .
g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{
g]kfndf ;fj{hlgs gLlt tyf sfo{qmd lgwf{/0f ubf{ lg0f{o k|lqmofsf ljleGg l;4fGtx? cjnDjg
ul/Psf] kfO{G5 . lg0f{o ug{ ] k|lqmofdf ;'wf/ ug{ ljleGg ;dodf ul7t ;ldlt tyf cfof]ux?n]
ljleGg ;'emfjx? k]z u/]sf] eP tfklg g]kfnsf] lg0f{o k|lqmofdf ;/sf/L k|zf;g clxn] klg
k/Dk/fut kl/kf6Ldf g} cfwfl/t /x]sf] b]lvG5 . ljz]if u/L k|hftGqsf] :yfkgfkl5 ljleGg P]g /
lgodx?sf] th'{df ul/Psf] 5 t/ sfof{Gjogsf] cefjn] ubf{ pQm sfg'gL Joj:yfx? s]jn sfuhL
jf3 (paper tiger) sf ?kdf dfq l;ldt /x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnsf] ;fj{hlgs k|zf;g Ao"/f]Kofyf]nf]hL /
Ao"/f]l;;af6 u|l;t 5 . 1 lg0f{o k|lqmof klg o;af6 d'Qm 5}g .
g]kfndf lg0f{o s;/L x'G5 <
• gLltut lg0f{ox? ;+;bn] ug{],
• sfo{sf/L lg0f{ox? d+qLkl/ifbn] ug{],
• tf]s cfb]zaf6 lg0f{o ug{],
• sd dxTjsf ljifox?df klg l6Kk0fL p7fg u/L lg0f{o ug{],
• 5nkmnaf6 ;xdtLsf] ;fd"lxs lg0f{o (collective decision making) ug{] .
• a}7s, ;ef, ;Dd]ng / jftf{af6 lg0f{o ug{], cflb .
1 uf]kLgfy d}gfnL M ;fj{hlgs k|zf;g–cjwff/0ffb]lv cfnf]rgf;Dd, ;f]kfg @)^% h]7
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