Aerosols, Monsoon Rainfall Variability, and Climate Change

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EHP induced heating and moistening along 80 o E Temperature (shading, K) & SW Heating Rate (K/day) May Specific Humidity (shading, g/Kg) & SW Heating Rate (K/day) May
Effect of absorbing aerosols on snow melt over the Tibetan Plateau (EHP Effect) (GEOS4‐fvGCM with Slab Ocean Model) Aerosol Optical Depth 1. Slow melting phase (I) in April is initiated by sensible heat transfer from warmer atmosphere to land. 2. Rapid melting phase (IIA) is due to an evaporation-snow-land feedback coupled to an increase in moisture over TP 3. Melting is slowed down by increasing surface evaporation in Phase IIB. 4. Partial recovery (Phase III) Surface Skin Temp (AA-NA) Lau, K. M., M. K. Kim, K. M. Kim, and W. S. Lee, 2010: Enhanced surface warming and accelerated snow melt in the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau induced by absorbing aerosols. Environ. Res. Lett.
Page 1 and 2: Aerosol, Asian Monsoon and Climate
Page 4 and 5: Global Warming ≠ Climate Change C
Page 6 and 7: Energy demands by types in China co
Page 8 and 9: “……human influences are signi
Page 10 and 11: Definition of aerosol An aerosol is
Page 12 and 13: Microphysics (indirect) effects of
Page 14 and 15: Aerosols have done a lot more than
Page 16 and 17: NASA’s Satellites Taking the Puls
Page 18 and 19: Aerosol-induced anomalies of surfac
Page 20 and 21: Characteristic EHP large scale patt
Page 22 and 23: Climate Change is “a clear and pr
Page 24 and 25: Accelerated melting of Himalaya-Tib
Page 28 and 29: “Snow Darkening Effect”: Black
Page 30 and 31: Estimated “lower limit” of BC d
Page 32 and 33: Building up the case for importance
Page 34 and 35: Back Up
Page 36 and 37: Absorbing aerosols (dust and BC) re
Page 38 and 39: Interannual Variation of Snow Water
Page 40 and 41: Relative percentage change of surfa
Page 42 and 43: Enhanced surface warming and accele
Page 44 and 45: AOT of total GOCART aerosols May Ar
Page 46 and 47: The Elevated Heat Pump Hypothesis (
Page 48 and 49: Seasonal mean of snow cover fractio
Page 50 and 51: Generalized glacier Equilibrium Lin
Page 52 and 53: Possible major causes of accelerate
Page 54 and 55: State of Gujar at Western India Wha
Page 56 and 57: MODIS Terra true-color composite Th
Page 58 and 59: EHP associated teleconnection (1987
Page 60 and 61: May/June Difference between 2004 an

Aerosols, Monsoon Rainfall Variability, and Climate Change

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