नेपाली - Support to Participatory Constitution Building in Nepal ...
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नेपाली - Support to Participatory Constitution Building in Nepal ...
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The Interim<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong> ion of<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong>, 2063 (2007)<br />
AS AMENDED BY THE FIRST<br />
TO EIGHTH AMENDMENTS<br />
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WITH THE ENGLISH AND NEPALI SIDE-BY-SIDE<br />
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AND INTRODUCTORY MATERIAL IN BOTH LANGUAGES<br />
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UNDP NEPAL<br />
JULY 2010<br />
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© United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) 2010<br />
UN House, Pulchowk<br />
G.P.O Box 107, Kathmandu, <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
Tel: + (977-1) 5523200<br />
Fax: + (977-1) 5523991, 5523986<br />
www.undp.org.np<br />
First Edition : (First <strong>to</strong> Third Amendments) 2008<br />
Second Edition : (First <strong>to</strong> Sixth Amendments) 2009<br />
Third Edition : (First <strong>to</strong> Seventh Amendments) 2010<br />
Fourth Edition: (First <strong>to</strong> Eighth Amendments) 2010<br />
DESIGNED AND PROCESSED BY<br />
Creative Press Pvt. Ltd<br />
Pr<strong>in</strong>ted <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> by<br />
Simon Pr<strong>in</strong>ters & Traders<br />
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CONTENTS<br />
PART I<br />
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About this Publication 4<br />
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The Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> 6<br />
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&<br />
A Simple Guide <strong>to</strong> the Interim<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong> 12<br />
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Some Comments on the Translation 36<br />
PART II<br />
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The Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong>,<br />
2063 (2007) as amended by the first <strong>to</strong><br />
eighth Amendments 38<br />
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Contents pages (article by article) 40<br />
List of Schedules (<strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Comprehensive Peace Agreement) 52<br />
Text of <strong>Constitution</strong> 54<br />
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Text of Schedules 260<br />
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Note: the English version of each<br />
document appears on the left hand page<br />
fac<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>Nepal</strong>i version.<br />
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THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
ABOUT THIS PUBLICATION<br />
The Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> as published here <strong>in</strong>cludes the changes made by the eight<br />
amend<strong>in</strong>g Acts –the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (First Amendment), 2063 Chaitra 30<br />
(April 13, 2007), and the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Second Amendment), 2064<br />
Jestha 30 (June 13, 2007) the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Third Amendment) 13<br />
Poush 2064 (28 December 2007), the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment)<br />
2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008), the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fifth Amendment)<br />
2065 Ashar 29 (July 13, 2008), the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Sixth Amendment)<br />
2065 Mangsir 26 (December 11, 2008), the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Seventh<br />
Amendment) 2066 Magh 17 (January 31, 2010) and the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
(Eighth Amendment) 2067 Jestha 14 (May 28, 2010). We have <strong>in</strong>dicated what the changes<br />
were (by means of footnotes, and by embolden<strong>in</strong>g changes made <strong>in</strong> the first amendment,<br />
and embolden<strong>in</strong>g and underl<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g those made by the second amendment and us<strong>in</strong>g<br />
italics when <strong>in</strong>sert<strong>in</strong>g the changes made by the third amendment). The changes made<br />
by the fourth amendment are <strong>in</strong>dicated <strong>in</strong> bold italics, the changes made <strong>in</strong> the fifth<br />
amendment are <strong>in</strong>dicated by bold, italics, underl<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g the changes made <strong>in</strong> the sixth<br />
Amendment are <strong>in</strong>dicated by t<strong>in</strong>ted and italics and the changes made <strong>in</strong> the seventh<br />
ammendment are <strong>in</strong>dicated by t<strong>in</strong>ted, embolden<strong>in</strong>g, italics and underl<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g while<br />
the change made <strong>in</strong> the eighth amendment has been <strong>in</strong>dicated by underl<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g only.<br />
Integration of the amendments was done by the translation unit at SPCBN/UNDP.<br />
Another dist<strong>in</strong>ctive feature is that we have <strong>in</strong>cluded a detailed table of contents: it is<br />
possible <strong>to</strong> see which article of the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> appears on which page.<br />
The English translation is based on that which was <strong>in</strong>itially done by Mr. Uday <strong>Nepal</strong>i<br />
and his team from the <strong>Nepal</strong> Law Society. The revised version was prepared by staff of<br />
then <strong>Constitution</strong> Advisory <strong>Support</strong> Unit, a unit with<strong>in</strong> UNDP Kathmandu. We have<br />
made some changes which we believe make the mean<strong>in</strong>g clearer. This <strong>in</strong>volved many<br />
hours of careful study of the <strong>Nepal</strong>i orig<strong>in</strong>al by the team of transla<strong>to</strong>rs work<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the<br />
then <strong>Constitution</strong> Advisory <strong>Support</strong> Unit office, UNDP, Kathmandu - Kedar Bhattarai,<br />
and Basant Subba – and by Surya Dhungel, and of discussion with Jill Cottrell. Useful<br />
comments were received from the UNMIN translation team headed by Dr. Mark Tur<strong>in</strong>.<br />
We sent the translation <strong>to</strong> various other people, both <strong>Nepal</strong>ese and foreigners for their<br />
comments, and they have all stated that they believe this is a useful venture. We are very<br />
grateful <strong>to</strong> all these people for hav<strong>in</strong>g taken the time and trouble.<br />
We have produced it <strong>in</strong> the form of a bil<strong>in</strong>gual version: <strong>in</strong> book form the <strong>Nepal</strong>i<br />
appears on the right and the English on the left hand page. This will help readers of<br />
the English who also understand <strong>Nepal</strong>i <strong>to</strong> be sure of the mean<strong>in</strong>g. We hope it will<br />
also be helpful <strong>to</strong> transla<strong>to</strong>rs of future constitutional documents.<br />
The text of the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> is preceded <strong>in</strong> this book by a brief <strong>in</strong>troduction <strong>to</strong> the<br />
Interim <strong>Constitution</strong>, and also by a “Simple Guide <strong>to</strong> the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong>", <strong>in</strong>tended<br />
for members of the public who want <strong>to</strong> understand someth<strong>in</strong>g about the document, but<br />
for whom the orig<strong>in</strong>al text is <strong>to</strong>o time-consum<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> read. Maybe some people will feel<br />
able <strong>to</strong> tackle the full document after read<strong>in</strong>g the “Simple Guide".<br />
4<br />
The content of this volume is also available on the Centre for <strong>Constitution</strong>al<br />
Dialogue website (http://www.ccd.org.np).
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5
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL<br />
In 1990 <strong>Nepal</strong> adopted its fifth – and first fully democratic – constitution. Although<br />
there were many good features about that constitution, it failed <strong>to</strong> satisfy the demands<br />
of many <strong>Nepal</strong>i people. There was also a sense that the 1990 <strong>Constitution</strong> had limited<br />
<strong>in</strong>volvement of the people <strong>in</strong> its mak<strong>in</strong>g, and that it came formally <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> be<strong>in</strong>g not as<br />
an act of the people's sovereignty but as a gift of the K<strong>in</strong>g. Among the shortcom<strong>in</strong>gs<br />
of the <strong>Constitution</strong> <strong>in</strong> the eyes of many were the <strong>in</strong>sistence that <strong>Nepal</strong> is a H<strong>in</strong>du<br />
k<strong>in</strong>gdom; the <strong>in</strong>clusion of many important economic and social rights as “directive<br />
pr<strong>in</strong>ciples" only, which means they were not able <strong>to</strong> be used as the basis for legal<br />
claims; <strong>in</strong>adequate provisions for civilian control of the army; excessive power given<br />
<strong>to</strong> the K<strong>in</strong>g; and provisions that were not clear enough about the K<strong>in</strong>g's powers,<br />
thus mak<strong>in</strong>g it possible for those powers <strong>to</strong> be abused. Unfortunately, over the years<br />
no attempt was made <strong>to</strong> remedy the deficiencies of that constitution by amendment.<br />
To the faults of the constitution itself, and <strong>in</strong>sufficient royal commitment <strong>to</strong><br />
democracy, must be added grave failures of leadership, failure of political parties <strong>to</strong><br />
make any serious effort <strong>to</strong> be representative of the nation as a whole, excessive<br />
dom<strong>in</strong>ation of many sec<strong>to</strong>rs of national life by a certa<strong>in</strong> dom<strong>in</strong>ance of the community,<br />
and excessive concentration of powers <strong>in</strong> the hands of the Kathmandu authorities.<br />
All these were compounded by the ten-year Maoist <strong>in</strong>surgency. Matters were brought<br />
<strong>to</strong> a head by the K<strong>in</strong>g's seizure of all power <strong>in</strong> 2005.<br />
The actions of the K<strong>in</strong>g f<strong>in</strong>ally led <strong>to</strong> a people's movement, jana andolan, <strong>in</strong> April<br />
2006, and the K<strong>in</strong>g ultimately recalled the parliament orig<strong>in</strong>ally elected <strong>in</strong> 1999. By<br />
then the Maoists had begun negotiations with the major political parties, <strong>in</strong> which<br />
the Maoists' ma<strong>in</strong> demands were republicanism and the conven<strong>in</strong>g of a Constituent<br />
Assembly <strong>to</strong> draft a new constitution. But the hundred of thousands who came out<br />
on the streets were demand<strong>in</strong>g more than a res<strong>to</strong>ration of democracy; they demanded<br />
greater <strong>in</strong>clusion of the various sec<strong>to</strong>rs of society marg<strong>in</strong>alized <strong>in</strong> the past, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Dalits, Janajatis (ethnic groups), Madhesis (from the terai) and women. So the<br />
<strong>in</strong>sistence was on break<strong>in</strong>g the monopoly of power by the certa<strong>in</strong> privileged groups,<br />
<strong>in</strong>clusion of all groups <strong>in</strong> decision mak<strong>in</strong>g, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the Constituent Assembly,<br />
and rights for all. The Maoists <strong>in</strong> particular <strong>in</strong>sisted that the 1990 <strong>Constitution</strong> could<br />
not cont<strong>in</strong>ue <strong>to</strong> be the legal basis for governance, even for a transitional period. A<br />
decision was made <strong>to</strong> have an Interim <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
6
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u7g /x]sf lyP . ;8sdf pq]sf nfvf}F hgtfsf dfu eg] nf]stGqsf] :yfkgfdf dfq ;Lldt lyPg,<br />
pgLx¿n] blnt, hghflt -hftLo ;d'bfox¿_, dw]zL -t/fO{df_ / dlxnfnufot ;dfhsf ljleGg If]qdf<br />
ljutdf ;LdfGts[t ju{x¿sf] Jofks ;dfj]lztf dfu u/]sf lyP . To;}n] vf; ;'ljwf;DkGg ju{åf/f<br />
clwsf/dfly ul//x]sf] /hfOF tf]8\g], ;+ljwfg;efnufotsf lg0f{o k|lqmofdf ;a} ju{nfO{ ;dfj]z ug{] /<br />
;a}sf nflu clwsf/ Joj:yf ug{] s'/fdf hf]8 lbOPsf] lyof] . dfcf]jfbLn] ;ª\qmd0fsfnsf nflu klg<br />
zf;g ;~rfngsf] sfg'gL cfwf/ @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg x'g g;Sg] ljz]if c8fg lnPsf] lyof] . To;kl5<br />
cGtl/d ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ lg0f{o ul/Psf] lyof] .<br />
7
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
An Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> Draft<strong>in</strong>g Committee was formed <strong>in</strong> June 2006, chaired by<br />
retired Supreme Court Justice Laxman Aryal. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally it comprised 7 prom<strong>in</strong>ent<br />
lawyers, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g former presidents of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Bar Association. When it was<br />
realized that 5 of these were male Brahm<strong>in</strong>s, the Committee was expanded <strong>to</strong> br<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>in</strong> a few women, and members put forward by the various parties <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
Maoists. It clearly found its work very difficult. The first draft that was made conta<strong>in</strong>ed<br />
many <strong>in</strong>complete provisions, or provisions with alternatives, many of them show<strong>in</strong>g<br />
clear signs of Maoist conceptions of government – <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g severe underm<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g of<br />
the <strong>in</strong>dependence of the judiciary, and the plac<strong>in</strong>g of excessive powers <strong>in</strong> the hands<br />
of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters. Maoist contributions <strong>to</strong> the draft <strong>in</strong>cluded the stress on<br />
land reform, which survives <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> the f<strong>in</strong>al version. Another sign of the difficulty of<br />
the task was the considerable extent <strong>to</strong> which the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> Draft<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Committee had recourse <strong>to</strong> the 1990 <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
Although about 5000 submissions were made <strong>to</strong> the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> Draft<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Committee from various civil society groups, it is not known whether they were even<br />
read. The changes that were made from the 1990 <strong>Constitution</strong> did however reflect<br />
the concerns of those call<strong>in</strong>g for <strong>in</strong>clusion, most notably <strong>in</strong> some new directive<br />
pr<strong>in</strong>ciples, and <strong>in</strong> the provisions for the Constituent Assembly. Also some new<br />
fundamental rights are <strong>to</strong> be found, some of which were formerly <strong>in</strong> the directive<br />
pr<strong>in</strong>ciples chapter. And the state is <strong>to</strong> be secular, no longer a H<strong>in</strong>du k<strong>in</strong>gdom. The<br />
position of the monarchy was placed on ice, as it were. Previously k<strong>in</strong>gly functions<br />
were given <strong>to</strong> the Speaker or <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister for sometime. It rema<strong>in</strong> suspended<br />
until the first sitt<strong>in</strong>g of the Constituent Assembly. But the third amendment <strong>to</strong> the<br />
Interim <strong>Constitution</strong>, <strong>in</strong> December 2007, <strong>to</strong>ok the further step of say<strong>in</strong>g that <strong>Nepal</strong> is<br />
<strong>to</strong> be a republic, and this is <strong>to</strong> be implemented by the first sitt<strong>in</strong>g of the Constituent<br />
Assembly. The fourth amendment declared <strong>Nepal</strong> <strong>to</strong> be a federal democratic republic,<br />
created the post of president as head of state, a vice-president and a national trust <strong>to</strong><br />
which royal property is <strong>to</strong> be transferred. The fifth amendment <strong>in</strong>troduces the<br />
requirements of political consensus for the election of president, a 2/3 majority <strong>to</strong><br />
amend the <strong>in</strong>terim constitution, recognition of the aspirations of <strong>in</strong>digenous and<br />
backward communities for au<strong>to</strong>nomous regions, local self govern<strong>in</strong>g bodies and for<br />
social <strong>in</strong>clusion <strong>in</strong> the army.<br />
8<br />
The basics of the exist<strong>in</strong>g governmental, parliamentary, system rema<strong>in</strong>. However,<br />
there is no longer a second house of parliament, but most of its members (other than<br />
royal nom<strong>in</strong>ees) are merged <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> the House of Representatives. While the Interim<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong> was be<strong>in</strong>g drafted, negotiations with the Maoists were proceed<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
and a Comprehensive Peace Agreement was signed <strong>in</strong> November 2006. This<br />
agreement meant that there had <strong>to</strong> be provision for nom<strong>in</strong>ated Maoist members of<br />
the house. At the same time 48 other new members were <strong>to</strong> be nom<strong>in</strong>ated, ostensibly<br />
<strong>to</strong> broaden the membership, though <strong>in</strong> the end the parties mostly brought <strong>in</strong> people<br />
of the old rather than a new mould. The <strong>in</strong>terim nature of the arrangements is also<br />
signified by the <strong>in</strong>sistence that decision mak<strong>in</strong>g is <strong>to</strong> be by consensus, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
selection of the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister. This was carried <strong>to</strong> the extent that there was no<br />
provision for a vote of no confidence <strong>in</strong> the government. This was changed <strong>in</strong> the<br />
second amendment <strong>in</strong> June 2007. The same amendment <strong>in</strong>troduced a recognition of<br />
the opposition – another change that perhaps h<strong>in</strong>ts at a weaken<strong>in</strong>g consensus.
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
;jf]{Rr cbfntsf k"j{ GofofwLz nId0f cof{nsf] ;+of]hsTjdf @)^# ;fn c;f/df cGtl/d ;+ljwfg<br />
d;f}bf ;ldlt u7g eof] . z'?df o;df g]kfn af/ P;f]l;P;gsf cWoIfnufot ;ft hgf k|a'4 sfg'g<br />
Joj;foLx¿ /xg'ePsf] lyof] . pxfFx¿dWo] kfFr hgf k'¿if afx'g /x]sf] b]lvPkl5 s]xL dlxnf tyf<br />
dfcf]jfbLnufot ljleGg bnn] k|:tfj u/]sf ;b:ox¿ ykL pQm ;ldltnfO{ lj:tf/ ul/of] . ;ldltsf]<br />
sfd Hofb} sl7g lyof] . klxnf] d;f}bfdf /flvPsf sltko k|fjwfgx¿ ck"0f{ lyP jf ljsNk;lxtsf<br />
k|fjwfgx¿ To;df /flvPsf lyP . Gofokflnsfsf] :jtGqtfnfO{ uDeL/ ¿kdf sdhf]/ kfg{ ], dlGqkl/ifb\nfO{<br />
lgs} w]/} clwsf/ k|bfg ug{] h:tf ;/sf/;DaGwL dfcf]jfbLsf] cjwf/0ff emNsfpg] vfnsf sltko<br />
k|fjwfg To;df /flvPsf lyP . d;f}bf <strong>to</strong>f/ ubf{ e"ld;'wf/df hf]8 lbOg'kg{] k|:tfj dfcf]jfbLn] u/]sf]<br />
lyof], pQm s'/f clGtd d;f}bfdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . cGtl/d ;+ljwfg d;f}bf ;ldltn] @)$& ;fnsf]<br />
;+ljwfgsf] ;xfotf pNn]Vo dfqfdf lng'k/]af6 klg ;+ljwfg d;f}bf sfo{ slt sl7g lyof] eGg] s'/fsf]<br />
;Í]t kfOG5 .<br />
cGtl/d ;+ljwfg d;f}bf ;ldltnfO{ ljleGg gful/s ;dfhaf6 sl/a kfFr xhf/ ;'emfj k|fKt ePsf] eP<br />
klg ;ldltn] tL ;'emfj k9\g klg Eofof] jf EofPg eGg] s'/f yfxf ePg . @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgsf]<br />
t'ngfdf ul/Psf leGg Joj:yfx¿df eg] ;dfj]lztfsf] dfu ug]{x¿sf rf;f]x¿ k|ltljlDat ul/Psf<br />
5g\ . of] s'/f s]xL gofF lgb]{zs l;4fGtx¿df / ;+ljwfg;ef;DaGwL k|fjwfgx¿df pNn]Vo ¿kdf<br />
b]lvPsf] 5 . klxn] lgb]{zs l;4fGtsf ¿kdf /flvPsf s]xL clwsf/nfO{ o;df gofF df}lns clwsf/sf<br />
¿kdf /flvPsf] 5 . /fHonfO{ wd{lg/k]If agfOof], ca of] lxGb" clw/fHo /x]g . /fhtGqsf] cj:yf<br />
lgnlDat /Xof] . klxn] /fhfaf6 x' Fb} cfPsf sfdx¿ s]xL ;do ;efd'v jf k|wfgdGqLnfO{ lbOPsf lyP .<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf] klxnf] j}7s ;Dd lgnDaLt /x\of] / To;kl5 u0ftGq 3f]if0f ul/of] . @)^$ ;fn k'; !#<br />
ut] ul/Psf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] t];|f] ;+zf]wg g]kfn u0ftGqfTds d'n's ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ cem cufl8<br />
a9\of] . rf}yf] ;+zf]wgn] g]kfn ;‹Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq ePsf] 3f]if0ff ug'{sf ;fy} /fi6«k|d'vsf ¿kdf<br />
/fi6«klt / pk/fi6«kltsf] kb l;h{gf u¥of] . ;fy}, To;n] /fhkl/jf/sf] ;DklQ dftxtdf Nofpg 6«i6sf]<br />
Joj:yf klg u¥of] . kfFrf} F ;+zf]wgn] /fi6«kltsf] lgjf{rgsf nflu /fhg}lts ;xdlt / ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf<br />
nflu b'O{ ltxfO{ dt cfjZos kg] {, :jfoQ If]q, :yfgLo :jfoQ lgsfo Pj+ ;]gfdf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fsf<br />
nflu cflbjf;L hghflt Pj+ lk5l8Psf ;d'bfox¿sf rfxgfnfO{ dfGotf lbg] Joj:yf u¥of] .<br />
ljBdfg ;/sf/L tyf ;+;bLo k|0ffnLsf cfwf/ sfod} /x] . ;+;b\sf] dflyNnf] ;bg eg] /x]g / o;sf<br />
clwsf+z ;b:o -/fhfåf/f dgf]gLt afx]s_nfO{ k|ltlglw;efdf NofOof] . cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] d;f}bf<br />
eO/xFbf dfcf]jfbL;Fusf] jftf{ hf/L lyof] / @)^# ;fn dª\l;/df lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/<br />
eof] . pQm ;Demf}tfdf ;+;b\df dfcf]jfbLsf ;b:ox¿ dgf]gLt ug]{ k|fjwfg x'g'kg]{ cfzo lyof] .<br />
To;}u/L, k|ToIf ¿kdf ;b:o lj:tf/sf nflu yk $* hgf ;b:o dgf]gLt ul/g'kg] { lyof] t/ cGTodf<br />
bnx¿n] gofF ljrf/sf JolQmx¿ gNofO{ k'/fg} JolQmx¿nfO{ NofP . k|wfgdGqLsf] lgo'lQmnufotsf lg0f{o<br />
ljifox¿df ;j{;Ddltaf6 lnOg'kg{] s'/fdf lbOPsf] hf]8sf sf/0f klg Joj:yfkgsf] cGtl/d k|s[lt<br />
dxTjk"0f{ ag]sf] lyof] . ;/sf/lj?4 cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj;DaGwL s'g} Joj:yf g/fVg] xb;Dd o;nfO{<br />
cufl8 a9fOPsf] lyof] . @)^$ ;fn h]7df ul/Psf] bf];|f] ;+zf]wgaf6 o;df kl/jt{g ul/of] . pQm<br />
;+zf]wgn] ljkIfnfO{ dfGotf lbg] Joj:yf u¥of] – ;DejtM ;j{;Ddlt sdhf]/ x'Fb} uPsf] ;Í]t lbg] of]<br />
csf]{ ;Í]t lyof] .<br />
9
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
An important aspect of the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> –which gives it its <strong>in</strong>terim nature –<br />
is that which provides for the sett<strong>in</strong>g up of the Constituent Assembly and the<br />
preparation of the new <strong>Constitution</strong>. The provisions are not very detailed. The<br />
provisions for membership of the Constituent Assembly, though superficially<br />
appear<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>clusive, proved on closer exam<strong>in</strong>ation <strong>to</strong> guarantee little. After agitation<br />
<strong>in</strong> the Terai, and talks with Madhesi groups, the government agreed <strong>to</strong> amend the<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong> <strong>to</strong> provide for some redraw<strong>in</strong>g of the boundaries of the geographical<br />
constituencies, <strong>to</strong> ensure greater terai representation. This was done <strong>in</strong> June 2007.<br />
More detail about <strong>in</strong>clusion <strong>in</strong> the Constituent Assembly through proportional<br />
representation lists, under the second election <strong>in</strong> the mixed system, was left <strong>to</strong> the<br />
Constituent Assembly Election Act.<br />
There is little detail <strong>in</strong> the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> about how the Constituent Assembly<br />
will operate, other than for some rules about adoption of the f<strong>in</strong>al new <strong>Constitution</strong>,<br />
and about achiev<strong>in</strong>g consensus, if possible, on the content of the constitution, and an<br />
imprecise provision about possible reference <strong>to</strong> the people through a referendum<br />
“on any matters of national importance". It seem unlikely that there will now be an<br />
Act on the Constituent Assembly before the elections, so details are left <strong>to</strong> be fleshed<br />
out by the Constituent Assembly itself which will adopt its own procedural rules.<br />
The Constituent Assembly will act as the Legislature-Parliament as well (though it<br />
can delegate a lot of the legislative work <strong>to</strong> a committee).<br />
The <strong>in</strong>clusion of provisions about the Human Rights Commission <strong>in</strong> the <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
is new. And there are some new provisions about the army, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g about<br />
democratization.<br />
The purpose of this volume is not <strong>to</strong> analyze the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong>, but just <strong>to</strong><br />
make it available <strong>in</strong> a user friendly form. You can f<strong>in</strong>d some further comments on the<br />
Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> on Centre for <strong>Constitution</strong>al Dialogue website –<br />
www.ccd.org.np<br />
This version is based on the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> as amended on eight occasions -<br />
<strong>in</strong> other words it is up-<strong>to</strong>-date as of the end of May, 2010.<br />
10
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] cGtl/d k|s[lt bzf{pg] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ kIf ;+ljwfg;efsf] u7g / gofF ;+ljwfgsf]<br />
lgdf{0f;DaGwL k|fjwfg xf] . tL k|fjwfgx¿ Hofb} lj:t[t 5}gg\ . ;txL ¿kdf ;dfj]zL b]lvP klg<br />
;+ljwfg;efsf] ;b:otf;DaGwL k|fjwfgx¿nfO{ glhsaf6 x]bf{ logLx¿n] ;dfj]lztfsf] k|Tofe"lt lgs}<br />
sd dfq ug]{ b]lvG5 . t/fO{df ePsf] cfGbf]ng / dw]zL ;d'bfo;Fusf] jftf{kl5 t/fO{sf] Jofks<br />
k|ltlglwTj ;'lglZrt ug{ s]xL ef}uf]lns If]qx¿sf ;Ldf k'gMlgwf{/0fsf nflu ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg ug{<br />
;/sf/ ;xdt eof] . of] sfd @)^$ ;fn h]7df ul/of] . ldl>t k|0ffnLdf ul/g] bf];|f] lgjf{rg<br />
cGtu{tsf] ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj ;"rLsf cfwf/dfkm{t\ ;+ljwfg;efdf ;dfj]lztf;DaGwL lj:t[t Joj:yf<br />
;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg P]gdf ug]{ u/L 5fl8of] .<br />
;+ljwfg;ef s;/L ;~rfng x'g]5 eGg] ljifodf cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf yf]/} dfq pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . gofF<br />
;+ljwfg kfl/t ug] { / ;+ljwfgsf ljifoj:t'df ;Dej eP;Dd ;xdlt h'6fpg];DaGwL s]xL lgodx¿ tyf<br />
…/fli6«o dxTjsf s'g} klg ljifodfÚ hgdt ;ª\u|xdfkm{t\ hgtfsf] cledt lng] ;Defjgf;DaGwL c:ki6<br />
Joj:yf eg] o;df ul/Psf] 5 . lgjf{rgk"j{ ;+ljwfg;ef;DaGwL P]g aGg] s'/f c;Dej h:t} b]lvG5,<br />
To;}n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] sfo{ Joj:yf;DaGwL lj:t[t sfo{ljlw ;+ljwfg;ef cfkm}n] <strong>to</strong> ug]{ u/L 5fl8Psf]<br />
5 .<br />
;+ljwfg;efn] Joj:yflksf–;+;b\sf ¿kdf klg sfd ug] {5 -o;n] y'k| } ljwflosL sfo{x¿ Pp6f ;ldltnfO{<br />
k|Tofof]hg eg] ug{ ;Sg]5_ .<br />
/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u;DaGwL k|fjwfg ;+ljwfgdf ;dfj]z u/]af6 gofF sfd ePsf] 5 . ;]gf /<br />
o;sf] nf]stfGqLs/0f;DaGwL s]xL gofF k|fjwfgx¿ klg o;df /flvPsf 5g\ .<br />
of] k':tssf] p2]Zo cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] ljZn]if0f ug' { geO{ o;nfO{ k|of]u ug{ ;lhnf] x'g] ¿kdf pknAw<br />
u/fpg' dfq xf] . cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf ;DaGwdf yk s]xL l6Kk0fLx? ;+j}wflgs ;+jfb s]Gb|sf] j]a;fO6<br />
(www.ccd.org.np) df kfpg ;Sg'x'G5 .<br />
of] ;+:s/0f cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] cf7f} F ;+zf]wgdf cfwfl/t 5 . csf] { zAbdf eGg] xf] eg] of] k':ts @)^&<br />
;fn h]7 !$ ;Ddsf nflu cBfjlws 5 .<br />
11
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
A SIMPLE GUIDE TO THE INTERIM<br />
CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL 2007<br />
What is a <strong>Constitution</strong>? It is a set of rules about how government is formed and how<br />
it works and what the rights of the people are. In most countries these rules are<br />
found <strong>in</strong> one large document. In <strong>Nepal</strong> now the document is “The Interim <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
of <strong>Nepal</strong>" and it became a law on January 15, 2007.<br />
It is the “Interim" <strong>Constitution</strong> because it is <strong>in</strong>tended <strong>to</strong> exist only until a new<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong> has been made by the people of <strong>Nepal</strong> through the Constituent<br />
Assembly. An agreement <strong>to</strong> have a Constituent Assembly and a new <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
was one of the results of the jana andolan II <strong>in</strong> 2006. Some changes have already been<br />
made <strong>in</strong> the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong>, as we shall see.<br />
When the Constituent Assembly prepares a new <strong>Constitution</strong> it does not have <strong>to</strong> use<br />
any of the rules <strong>in</strong> the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong>. But it may decide that some of those<br />
rules are still useful. The purpose of this Simple Guide is <strong>to</strong> give readers some idea<br />
of what a <strong>Constitution</strong> can <strong>in</strong>clude. As you read, you can th<strong>in</strong>k about whether you<br />
would like <strong>to</strong> see the same rule <strong>in</strong> the new, f<strong>in</strong>al <strong>Constitution</strong>, or whether you would<br />
want <strong>to</strong> see someth<strong>in</strong>g different. And some <strong>to</strong>pics that might be <strong>in</strong> a <strong>Constitution</strong> are<br />
not <strong>in</strong>cluded <strong>in</strong> the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> at all.<br />
At the beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g is the “Preamble" – this expla<strong>in</strong>s why the <strong>Constitution</strong> has been<br />
prepared, mention<strong>in</strong>g the people's movement, and the need for democracy and for a<br />
new <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
The Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> is then divided <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> Parts on different <strong>to</strong>pics. The first Part<br />
states some basic th<strong>in</strong>gs about the <strong>Constitution</strong> and about <strong>Nepal</strong>. It says that the<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong> is such an important law that no other laws must contradict it, and<br />
everyone, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g the government, must obey it. It says that <strong>Nepal</strong> is a “secular"<br />
state – which means that the state is not attached <strong>to</strong> one particular religion – unlike<br />
the 1990 <strong>Constitution</strong> which said that <strong>Nepal</strong> was a H<strong>in</strong>du K<strong>in</strong>gdom. This does not<br />
mean that it is aga<strong>in</strong>st religion – just that religion is a personal not a government<br />
matter. It says that <strong>Nepal</strong>i is the official language, but all other languages spoken <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>Nepal</strong> are national languages and they can be used <strong>in</strong> local offices. Exactly what it<br />
means <strong>to</strong> say a language is an “official language" varies from country <strong>to</strong> country.<br />
Chapter I also says what the national flag is, as well as the national animal, flower<br />
and bird.<br />
12
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# sf]<br />
;/n dfu{bz{g<br />
;+ljwfg s] xf] < ;/sf/sf] u7g s;/L x'G5 / o;n] s;/L sfd u5{ tyf hgtfsf clwsf/x¿ s] s] x'g\<br />
eGg];DaGwL k|fjwfgx¿sf] ;Fufnf] g} ;+ljwfg xf] . sltko b]zdf o:tf Joj:yfx¿ Pp6} k':tsdf<br />
;dfj]z ul/Psf] x'G5 . g]kfnsf] jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf ¿kdf …g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg–@)^#Ú lqmofzLn<br />
5 . of] b:tfa]h @)^# ;fn df3 ! ut] nfu" ePsf] lyof] .<br />
of] …cGtl/dÚ ;+ljwfg xf] lsgeg] …g]kfnsf hgtfn]Ú ;+ljwfg;efdfkm{t\ gofF ;+ljwfg gagfP;Ddsf nflu<br />
dfq o;sf] cl:tTj /xg]5 . @)^@÷^# ;fndf ePsf] bf];|f] hg–cfGbf]ngsf] pknlAw:j¿k b]zdf<br />
;+ljwfg;ef u7g ug{] / gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ ;xdlt ePsf] xf] . cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf s]xL ;+zf]wg<br />
eO;s]sf 5g\ .<br />
;+ljwfg;efn] gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ubf{ cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf s'g} klg Joj:yfx¿ ;dfj]z ug{ 'kb{5 eGg]<br />
5}g . cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf s]xL Joj:yf cem} klg pkof]uL 5g\ eGg] lg0f{o eg] o;n] ug{;Sb5 .<br />
;+ljwfgdf s] s:tf s'/f ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsG5 eGg]af/] kf7sju{nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' g} o; ;/n<br />
dfu{bz{gsf] p2]Zo xf] . gofF ;+ljwfgdf clxn]s} k|fjwfgx¿ ePsf] b]Vg rfxg'x'G5 jf leGg s'/fx¿<br />
ePsf] b]Vg rfxg'x'G5 eGg]af/] tkfO{F of] k':ts cWoog ug{] qmddf ;f]Rg ;Sg'x'G5 . clGtd ;+ljwfgdf<br />
x'g;Sg] s]xL ljifoj:t' cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf laNs'n} ;dfj]z gePsf klg 5g\ .<br />
cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] k|f/Dedf …k|:tfjgfÚ /flvPsf] 5 . bf];|f] hg–cfGbf]ngsf ;fy} nf]stGq / gofF<br />
;+ljwfgsf] cfjZostfaf/] pNn]v ub{} ;+ljwfg lsg lgdf{0f ul/Psf] xf] eGg] s'/fsf] JofVof o;n] u/]sf]<br />
5 .<br />
To;kl5 cGtl/d ;+ljwfgnfO{ ljljw ljifo cg';f/ ljleGg efudf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf] klxnf]<br />
efudf g]kfn / ;+ljwfgaf/] s]xL cfwf/e"t s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . ;+ljwfg b]zsf] dxTjk"0f{ sfg'g<br />
ePsf] / cGo s'g} sfg'g of];Fu aflemg gx'g] tyf ;/sf/;lxt ;a}n] o;sf] kfngf ug}{kg{] s'/f o;df<br />
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . o;df g]kfnnfO{ …wd{lg/k]IfÚ /fHosf ¿kdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf] cy{ /fHon]<br />
s'g} ljz]if wd{;Fu ;DaGw /fVb}g eGg] xf] . @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgn] eg] g]kfnnfO{ lxGb" clw/fHo egL<br />
pNn]v u/]sf] lyof] . o;sf] cy{ of] wd{lj/f]wL 5 eGg] geO{ wd{ ;/sf/L geO{ JolQmut dfldnf xf] eGg]<br />
xf] . ;+ljwfgsf cg';f/ b]zsf] ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiff g]kfnL xf] t/ g]kfndf af]lng] ;a} efiff /fi6«<br />
efiff x'g\ / logLx¿nfO{ :yfgLo sfof{nox¿df k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 . …;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiffÚ eg]/<br />
7\ofSs} s] eGg vf]lhPsf] xf] eGg] s'/f b]z cg';f/ km/s x'G5 . klxnf] efudf /fli6«o em08fnufot<br />
/fli6«o hgfj/, /fli6«o k"mn, /fli6«o /Ë / /fli6«o kIfLaf/] klg pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .<br />
13
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Part 2 is about Citizenship. A citizen is a person who can say “I am a <strong>Nepal</strong>i". Such<br />
a person can get a passport of the country. In many countries citizens are the only<br />
people who can vote <strong>in</strong> elections. They have special rights as citizens, and also<br />
special responsibilities. Chapter 2 says that any person whose father or mother is<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong>i citizen at birth is <strong>Nepal</strong>i citizen, and that other people can become <strong>Nepal</strong>i<br />
citizen (<strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g the wife of a <strong>Nepal</strong>i man). No person who is a <strong>Nepal</strong>i citizen can<br />
at the same time be a citizen of another country (not all countries have a rule like<br />
this).<br />
Part 3 is a very important chapter. It is about human rights. These are the rights<br />
which we all have because we are human. But some of the rights <strong>in</strong> the Interim<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong> apply only <strong>to</strong> citizens; this is acceptable only for some rights, but <strong>in</strong><br />
many constitutions most rights are for all people with<strong>in</strong> the country – because they<br />
are all human. Human rights <strong>in</strong> a constitution <strong>in</strong>dicate <strong>to</strong> the government what<br />
would be the right behaviour and they are also legal rights. A person who has<br />
suffered because the government has violated the rights should have a legal claim<br />
for compensation. Sometimes it is more effective <strong>to</strong> compla<strong>in</strong> <strong>to</strong> a body like the<br />
Human Rights Commission though.<br />
So what are the rights recognised <strong>in</strong> the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong>? They are the right <strong>to</strong> a<br />
dignified life, <strong>to</strong> liberty, freedom of speech, freedom <strong>to</strong> jo<strong>in</strong> with others <strong>in</strong> gather<strong>in</strong>gs<br />
or associations. Everyone is equal, and there must be no discrim<strong>in</strong>ation just because<br />
a person is of a certa<strong>in</strong> sex, or ethnic group or caste, or speaks a certa<strong>in</strong> language or<br />
believes <strong>in</strong> a certa<strong>in</strong> religion. Discrim<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g when provid<strong>in</strong>g goods, services or<br />
facilities aga<strong>in</strong>st someone because of their race or because they are “un<strong>to</strong>uchable"<br />
must be someth<strong>in</strong>g for which a person can be punished under the law. There is a<br />
right <strong>to</strong> a clean environment and a right <strong>to</strong> basic health care. Similarly right <strong>to</strong> free<br />
primary and secondary education has been mentioned. Certa<strong>in</strong> rights are guaranteed<br />
for children and for women. There are rights <strong>to</strong> property, and rights <strong>to</strong> social security<br />
<strong>in</strong> some situations. And there is a right <strong>to</strong> practise one's religion – but this right only<br />
applies <strong>to</strong> the religion <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> which a person was born. There are rights <strong>to</strong> a fair trial<br />
for people accused of a crime, and a right not <strong>to</strong> be <strong>to</strong>rtured. There is a right <strong>to</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong>formation, a right <strong>to</strong> privacy, right not <strong>to</strong> be exploited and a right <strong>to</strong> fair labour<br />
conditions. Before some of these rights can actually be useful a law must be passed.<br />
This is not a complete list of the rights <strong>in</strong> the <strong>Constitution</strong>. And some of the rights are<br />
14
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu @ df gful/stfaf/] pNn]v 5 . æd g]kfnL x'FÆ eGg ;Sg] JolQm g]} g]kfnsf] gful/s xf] . To:tf]<br />
JolQmn] b]zsf] /fxbfgL k|fKt ug{ ;Sb5 . sltko b]zdf ToxfFsf gful/sx¿n] dfq lgjf{rgdf dtbfg<br />
ug{ kfpF5g\ . gful/ssf ¿kdf pgLx¿sf ljz]if clwsf/x¿sf ;fy} ljz]if lhDd]jf/Lx¿ klg x'G5g\ .<br />
o; efudf pNn]v eP cg';f/ g]kfnL gful/stf ePsf afa' jf cfdfaf6 hGd]sf JolQm g]kfnL gful/s<br />
x'g]5 . To;}u/L, g]kfnL gful/s;Fu ljjfx ug]{ ljb]zL dlxnf klg g]kfnL gful/s x'g]5 . g]kfnL<br />
gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf s'g} JolQm Ps} ;do csf]{ b]zsf] klg gful/s aGg ;Sb}g -;a} d'n'sdf o:tf]<br />
lgod 5}g_ .<br />
efu # cToGt} dxTjk"0f{ efu xf] . o;df dfgj clwsf/af/] pNn]v 5 . dflg; ePsf] gftfn] xfdL<br />
;a};Fu oL clwsf/ lglxt x'G5g\ . cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf ePsf s]xL clwsf/ eg] oxfFsf gful/sx¿sf<br />
;Gbe{df dfq nfu" x'G5g\Ù of] s]xL clwsf/sf ;Gbe{df dfq :jLsfo{ x'G5 t/ sltko ;+ljwfgn] clwsf+z<br />
clwsf/ b]zleq /x]sf ;a} dflg;sf nflu x'g] Joj:yf u/]sf 5g\ lsgeg] pgLx¿ ;a} dflg; g} x'g\ .<br />
;+ljwfgdf pNn]v ePsf dfgj clwsf/x¿n] ;/sf/nfO{ gful/sx¿k|lt s;/L Jojxf/ ug'{kb{5 eGg]<br />
s'/fsf] lgb]{z ub{5 / logLx¿ sfg'gL clwsf/ klg x'g\ . ;/sf/af6 o:tf clwsf/ pNn‹g ePsf<br />
sf/0f s'g} JolQm kLl8t eof] eg] To;sf nflu pgn] sfg'gL tj/af6 Ifltk"lt{ bfaL ug{ kfpF5 .<br />
slxn]sfxLF eg] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u h:tf] lgsfodf hfx]/L ug'{ cem k|efjsf/L x'G5 .<br />
cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf s] s] clwsf/nfO{ dfGotf k|bfg ul/Psf 5g\ t < dof{lbt hLjg afFRg kfpg]<br />
clwsf/, :jtGqtfsf] clwsf/, jfs\ :jtGqtf, zflGtk"j{s e]nf x'g] jf ;‹ / ;+:yf;Fu cfj4 x'g kfpg]<br />
:jtGqtf cflbnfO{ cGtl/d ;+ljwfgn] dfGotf k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . ;a} gful/s ;dfg 5g\ / s'g} JolQmsf]<br />
n}+lËs leGgtf, p;sf] hft jf ;d'bfo, efiff jf wd{sf cfwf/df pm k|lt s'g} lsl;dsf] e]befj ul/g'<br />
x'Fb}g . s'g} JolQmnfO{ j:t', ;]jf jf ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpFbf p;sf] hft jf pm …c5'tÚ ePsf cfwf/df<br />
lje]b ul/P To;f] ug{] JolQmnfO{ sfg'gL ¿kdf b08 lbg ;lsg]5 . :jR5 jftfj/0f / cfwf/e"t :jf:Yo<br />
;]jf;DaGwL clwsf/sf] Joj:yf klg ul/Psf] 5 . To;}u/L, lgMz'Ns k|fylds / dfWolds lzIffsf]<br />
clwsf/af/] klg pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . afnaflnsf / dlxnfsf lglDt ljz]if clwsf/x¿ k|Tofe"lt<br />
ul/Psf 5g\ . ;DklQsf] xs / s]xL cj:yfx¿df ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] clwsf/af/] klg o;df Joj:yf<br />
ul/Psf] 5 . ;a}nfO{ cfˆgf] wd{ dfGg kfpg] clwsf/ 5 — t/ of] clwsf/ cfk"m hGdFbfsf] wd{sf<br />
;Gbe{df dfq nfu" x'G5 . ck/fwsf] lglDt bf]ifL 7x¥ofOPsfx¿nfO{ lgikIf Goflos hfFra'emsf] clwsf/sf]<br />
Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 eg] oftgflj¿4sf] clwsf/sf] klg Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . ;"rgfsf] xs, uf]kgLotfsf]<br />
xs, zf]if0flj¿4sf] xs / plrt >d cEof;sf] xs;DaGwL Joj:yf klg ul/Psf 5g\ . oLdWo] sltko<br />
clwsf/ jf:tjd} k|efjsf/L agfpgsf nflu sfg'g kfl/t x'g' cfjZos 5 . ;+ljwfgdf pNn]v ePsf<br />
xsx¿sf] of] k"0f{ ;"rL eg] xf]Og . s]xL clwsf/nfO{ ;+ljwfgn] ;Lldt agfPsf] 5 lsgeg] sltko<br />
kl/l:yltdf ;a}sf] enfOsf lglDt of] cfjZos x'g;Sb5 .<br />
15
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
limited by the <strong>Constitution</strong> – because this may be necessary for the benefit of everyone<br />
<strong>in</strong> some circumstances.<br />
An important po<strong>in</strong>t is: how does one actually protect one's rights? Later <strong>in</strong> the<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong> it says that the Supreme Court can make orders <strong>to</strong> enforce human<br />
rights. The Human Rights Commission also has the responsibility <strong>to</strong> protect human<br />
rights.<br />
Part 4 is called Responsibilities, Directive Pr<strong>in</strong>ciples and Policies of The State. Here<br />
we f<strong>in</strong>d Article 33 which is about the elections <strong>to</strong> the Constituent Assembly (CA).<br />
The CA elections has been successfully held and at the time of publication of this<br />
edition (third), all the Thematic Committees of the CA have submitted their respective<br />
draft Concept Papers <strong>to</strong> the CA. This Article also commits the State <strong>to</strong> various other<br />
th<strong>in</strong>gs that would carry out the demands of the jana andolan II. So the government<br />
must repeal all discrim<strong>in</strong>a<strong>to</strong>ry laws, it must restructure the state <strong>to</strong> do away with<br />
<strong>in</strong>justice, it must set up a Truth and Reconciliation Commission, and <strong>in</strong> various<br />
ways improve society. This is a big agenda for an <strong>in</strong>terim period! After the elections<br />
for the Constituent Assembly a new objective was added, about develop<strong>in</strong>g a culture<br />
of cooperation among all political parties, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g those who are <strong>in</strong> the CA.<br />
This is followed by some Directive Pr<strong>in</strong>ciples and State Policies. These are rather<br />
similar but not so clearly related <strong>to</strong> the <strong>in</strong>terim period. In fact many of them were <strong>in</strong><br />
the 1990 <strong>Constitution</strong>. For example there must be special provision for women's<br />
health and education <strong>to</strong> improve their <strong>in</strong>volvement <strong>in</strong> national life (this was <strong>in</strong> the<br />
1990 <strong>Constitution</strong>, <strong>to</strong>o). And there must be reservations for a certa<strong>in</strong> time for<br />
marg<strong>in</strong>alised and poor communities <strong>in</strong> connection with education, health, hous<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
food sovereignty and employment. Reservations means that special arrangements,<br />
like quotas, must be made. Although lots of hopeful ideas are <strong>in</strong>cluded here, it is<br />
important <strong>to</strong> realise that no-one could take the government <strong>to</strong> court claim<strong>in</strong>g that it<br />
had not done anyth<strong>in</strong>g about these th<strong>in</strong>gs. This is expressly stated – which makes<br />
these pr<strong>in</strong>ciples and policies different from the rights.<br />
A whole new chapter was added after the monarchy was removed by the CA. <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
now has a President (and a Vice-President), and not a K<strong>in</strong>g. Part 4A says that the<br />
President is <strong>to</strong> be elected by the CA, preferably on the basis of consensus, and can be<br />
removed only by vote of two-thirds of the members of the CA who are present, and<br />
only for “gross violation" of the <strong>Constitution</strong>. Various other amendments <strong>to</strong> the<br />
Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> give functions <strong>to</strong> the President. These are all functions that<br />
used <strong>to</strong> be carried out by the K<strong>in</strong>g, but which s<strong>in</strong>ce January 2007 had been carried<br />
out by the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister. They are all rather formal tasks, not <strong>in</strong>volv<strong>in</strong>g any real<br />
exercise of choice by the President.<br />
16
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ k|Zg s] x'g;S5 eg] JolQmn] cfˆgf] clwsf/sf] ;'/Iff s;/L ug{ ;S5 < ;+ljwfgdf kl5<br />
pNn]v ul/P cg';f/ ;jf{]Rr cbfntn] dfgj clwsf/ nfu" ug{ cfb]z lbGf;Sb5 . dfgj clwsf/<br />
;+/If0f ug'{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] klg bfloTj xf] .<br />
efu $ df /fHosf] bfloTj, lgb{]zs l;4fGt tyf gLltx¿ pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f<br />
## df ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgaf/] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg<br />
eO;s]sf] 5 / of] k':ts -t];|f] ;+:s/0f_ k|sflzt ePsf] ;do;Dddf ;+ljwfg;efsf ;a} ljifout<br />
;ldltn] cf–cfˆgf cjwf/0ffkqx¿ ;+ljwfg;ef;dIf a'emfO;s]sf 5g\ . of] wf/fn] bf];|f] hgcfGbf]ngsf<br />
dfux¿ k"/f ug]{ cGo w]/} s'/fk|lt klg /fHonfO{ k|lta4 agfPsf] 5 . t;y{ ;/sf/n] ;a} lje]bsf/L<br />
sfg'g Vff/]h ug{'kb{5, cGofo x'g glbgsf nflu /fHosf] k'g;{+/rgf ug'{kb{5, ;To tyf d]nldnfk<br />
lg?k0f cfof]u u7g ug'{kb{5 / ljleGg lsl;daf6 ;dfhsf] ;'wf/ ug'{kb{5 . ;ª\qmd0fsfnsf nflu of]<br />
7"nf] sfo{;"rL xf] . ;+ljwfg;efdf /x]sf tyf cGo ;a} /fhg}lts bnx¿aLr cfk;L ;xof]usf] ;+:s[lt<br />
ljsf; ug] {;DaGwL gofF p2]Zo ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgkl5 ylkPsf] 5 .<br />
o;kl5 /fHosf s]xL lgb{]zs l;4fGt tyf gLltx¿ pNn]v ul/Psf 5g\ . logLx¿ p:t} 5g\ t/<br />
cGtl/d sfn;Fu logLx¿ :ki6 ¿kdf ;DalGwt 5}gg\ . jf:tjdf oLdWo] sltko s'/fx¿ @)$&<br />
;fnsf] ;+ljwfgdf lyP . pbfx/0fsf nflu, /fli6«o hLjgdf dlxnfx¿sf] ;+nUgtfdf ;'wf/ ug{sf nflu<br />
pgLx¿sf] :jf:Yo / lzIffsf nflu ljz]if k|fjwfgx¿ l;h{gf ul/g'kb{5 -of] s'/f @)$& ;fnsf]<br />
;+ljwfgdf klg pNn]v ul/Psf] lyof]_ . To;}u/L, lzIff, :jf:Yo, cfjf;, vfB ;'/Iff / /f]huf/Lsf<br />
;Gbe{df ;LdfGtLs[t tyf ul/a ;d'bfox¿sf nflu lglZrt ;dosf nflu cf/If0fsf] Joj:yf ul/g'kb{5 .<br />
cf/If0fsf] cy{ sf]6f ;'/If0f h:tf] ljz]if Joj:yf ug{' xf] . o;df w]/} cfzfjfbL s'/fx¿ /flvPsf eP<br />
klg ;+ljwfgdf pNn]lvt oL k|fjwfg cg'¿k ;/sf/n] s]xL u/]sf] 5}g eGg] cfwf/df ;/sf/lj¿4<br />
cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ ug{ gkfpg] oyfy{nfO{ cg'e"t ug'{ oxfFlg/ dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . o;nfO{ :ki6 ¿kdf<br />
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 / o;n] oL l;4fGt / gLltx¿nfO{ clwsf/eGbf k[ys\ agfPsf] 5 .<br />
;+ljwfg;efaf6 /fhtGq x6fOPkl5 Pp6f k"/f gofF efu yk ul/Psf] 5 . clxn] g]kfndf /fhf geO{<br />
/fi6«klt -/ pk/fi6«klt_ /x]sf 5g\ . efu $s n] /fi6«kltsf] lgjf{rg ;+ljwfg;efåf/f ;Dej eP;Dd<br />
;xdltsf cfwf/df ug]{ / ;+ljwfgsf] …uDeL/ pNn‹gÚ ePsf] cj:yfdf dfq ;+ljwfg;efdf tTsfn<br />
sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:ox¿sf] sDtLdf b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dtaf6 dfq} pgnfO{ x6fpg ;lsg] Joj:yf u/]sf]<br />
5 . cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf ul/Psf c? ljleGg ;+zf]wgn] /fi6«kltsf sfo{x¿ lgwf{/0f u/]sf 5g\ .<br />
ljutdf /fhfaf6 / @)^# ;fn df3 otf k|wfgdGqLaf6 x'Fb} cfPsf ;a} sfdx¿nfO{ g} /fi6«kltsf]<br />
sfdsf ¿kdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . tL ;a} sfd cf}krfl/s k|s[ltsf 5g\ / /fi6«kltsf] rfxgfsf]<br />
jf:tljs cEof; x'g] vfnsf 5}gg\ .<br />
17
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Part 5 is about the Executive – the Government. It says the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister – the head<br />
of government – must be chosen through political consensus. If this cannot be<br />
achieved the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister must have the support of majority of the members of the<br />
Legislature-Parliament. Then there must be a Deputy Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister and other<br />
M<strong>in</strong>isters. It goes on <strong>to</strong> say how a M<strong>in</strong>ister resigns. It also says that a person who is<br />
not a member of the Legislature-Parliament could become a M<strong>in</strong>ister. This Part was<br />
changed <strong>in</strong> the second amendment <strong>to</strong> make it possible <strong>to</strong> remove the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister;<br />
this would be done by a “vote of no confidence" which would not be successful<br />
unless it had the support of two-thirds of those members of the Legislature present<br />
and changed aga<strong>in</strong> by the fifth amendment so that a simple majority of the members<br />
present can pass a vote of no confidence.<br />
Part 6 is about the Legislature-Parliament. This used <strong>to</strong> be called just “Parliament".<br />
It is the body that makes law. The <strong>Constitution</strong> said who are the members – it was<br />
unusual because it said that the exist<strong>in</strong>g members (elected <strong>in</strong> 1999) rema<strong>in</strong> members,<br />
and that the parties were <strong>to</strong> choose some extra members, from civil society and the<br />
grassroots. Also the Maoist party members were not <strong>to</strong> be elected but chosen by the<br />
party. It said that bus<strong>in</strong>ess of the house must be conducted on the basis of “political<br />
consensus.<br />
After the CA came <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> existence the old Parliament ceased <strong>to</strong> exist, and the CA is<br />
act<strong>in</strong>g as Parliament, as well as mak<strong>in</strong>g a new <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
18
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu % df sfo{kflnsf cyf{t\ ;/sf/;DaGwL s'/fx¿ pNn]v 5g\ . k|wfgdGqL cyf{t\ ;/sf/ k|d'vsf]<br />
rog /fhg}lts ;xdltsf cfwf/df x'g'kg] { k|fjwfg o;df 5 . o:tf] ;xdlt gePsf] v08df k|wfgdGqLnfO{<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;b\sf] ax'dt ;b:osf] ;dy{g rflxG5 . pkk|wfgdGqL / cGo dGqLx¿sf] lgo'lQm;DaGwL<br />
Joj:yf klg o;df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . o; efudf dGqLn] s;/L /fhLgfdf ug{ ;Sg]5 eGg]af/] klg<br />
pNn]v 5 . Joj:yflksf–;+;b\sf] ;b:o gePsf] JolQm klg dGqL aGg ;Sg]5 eGGf]af/] klg o;df pNn]v<br />
5 . k|wfgdGqLnfO{ x6fpg ;lsg] agfpgsf nflu bf];|f] ;+zf]wgdf of] efu ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] lyof]Ù of] sfo{<br />
…cljZjf;sf] k|:tfjÚsf dfWodaf6 ug{ ;lsG5 t/ ljwflosf–;+;b\df tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{<br />
;b:ox¿sf] sDtLdf b'O{ ltxfO ;b:ox¿sf] ;dy{glagf of] k|:tfj ;kmn x'g ;Sb}g . kfFrf} F ;+zf]wgåf/f<br />
tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] ;fdfGo ax'dtn] cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj kfl/t ug] { u/L o; Joj:yfnfO{<br />
;+zf]wg ul/of] .<br />
efu ^ df Joj:yflksf–;+;b\af/] Joj:yf 5 . Joj:yflksf–;+;b\nfO{ klxn] …;+;b\Ú dfq eGg] ul/GYof] . of]<br />
sfg'g lgdf{0f ug] { lgsfo xf] . ;b:ox¿ sf] sf] x'g]5g\ eGg] s'/f ;+ljwfgdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 – ljBdfg<br />
;b:ox¿ -@)%^ ;fndf lgjf{lrt_ ;b:o g} /xg] / yk s]xL ;b:ox¿ gful/s ;dfh / :yfgLo txaf6<br />
bnx¿n] 5fGg] Joj:yf ul/Psf sf/0f of] Joj:yf c;fwf/0f lyof] . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_sf<br />
;b:ox¿ lgjf{lrt geO{ bnaf6 rog ul/Psf lyP . Joj:yflksf–;+;b\sf] sfdsf/afxL …/fhg}lts<br />
;xdltÚsf cfwf/df ;~rfng ul/g]5 eGg] s'/f o;df pNn]v ul/Psf] lyof] .<br />
;+ljwfg;ef cl:tTjdf cfPkl5 k'/fgf] ;+;b\ eË eof] / ;+ljwfg;efn] gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug' {sf ;fy}<br />
;+;b\sf] ;d]t sfd ul//x]sf] 5 .<br />
19
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Part 7 is about the Constituent Assembly, which has the task of mak<strong>in</strong>g a new<br />
constitution for <strong>Nepal</strong>. It says members will be elected – some from constituencies<br />
with one member, some <strong>in</strong> party lists and some are appo<strong>in</strong>ted. The parties must be<br />
“<strong>in</strong>clusive" <strong>in</strong> choos<strong>in</strong>g candidates for the constituencies, and ensure proportionate<br />
representation of women, Dalits, <strong>in</strong>digenous tribes, people from backward regions,<br />
Madhesi and other groups <strong>in</strong> their lists for the second election. And overall at least<br />
one-third candidates must be women. It says the Constituent Assembly will be <strong>in</strong><br />
existence for 2 years, s<strong>in</strong>ce the day of its first meet<strong>in</strong>g. It says members must have<br />
certa<strong>in</strong> qualifications – same as for the Members of the House. Like Parliament it has<br />
adopted its own rules. For pass<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>Constitution</strong> the aim is for consensus. Every<br />
article of the <strong>Constitution</strong> has <strong>to</strong> be passed unanimously by the meet<strong>in</strong>g of the<br />
Constituent Assembly. But if unanimous decision is not reached over any article the<br />
leaders of political parties represented <strong>in</strong> the CA shall consult each other <strong>to</strong> acheive<br />
consensus If this can't be achieved, an article <strong>in</strong> the new constitution has <strong>to</strong> have<br />
two-thirds support <strong>to</strong> be passed.<br />
Part 8 is called “legislative procedure" and is about how laws (except for the new<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong>) must be passed. Laws must be signed by the President (Laws used <strong>to</strong> be<br />
signed by the K<strong>in</strong>g, and after the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> until the creation of the office<br />
of President they were signed by the Speaker of the Legislature-Parliament). If the<br />
lagislature is not sitt<strong>in</strong>g and there is need for a law, the President on the<br />
recommendation of Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters may pass an "Ord<strong>in</strong>ance"- but it must later<br />
be passed by the legislature.<br />
Part 9 is about tax and f<strong>in</strong>ancial procedure. No taxes can be raised, and no money<br />
borrowed by the Government without a law. All government money must be paid<br />
<strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> a central account, called the “Consolidated Fund", and noth<strong>in</strong>g must be paid<br />
out of it without authority under a law. Most expenditure will be made after<br />
discussion <strong>in</strong> the annual budget. But certa<strong>in</strong> expenses are au<strong>to</strong>matically paid without<br />
such discussion – this is <strong>to</strong> prevent <strong>in</strong>terference with certa<strong>in</strong> offices, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
judges of the Supreme Court. The chapter sets out the normal procedure for present<strong>in</strong>g<br />
an annual budget and hav<strong>in</strong>g it approved by parliament. There are also special<br />
situations – like unexpected expenditure - which are given special procedures.<br />
20
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu & g]kfnsf] lglDt gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{] lhDd]jf/L af]s]sf] ;+ljwfg;ef;Fu ;DalGwt 5 . o;<br />
efudf pNn]v eP cg';f/ k|To]s lgjf{rg If]qaf6 Ps hgfsf b/n] ;+ljwfg;efsf ;b:ox¿ lgjf{lrt<br />
x'g]5g\ eg] s]xL ;b:o /fhg}lts bnx¿sf] ;"rLaf6 lgjf{lrt x'g]5g\ / s]xL ;b:o dgf]gLt x'g]5g\ .<br />
lgjf{rg If]qsf nflu pDd]bjf/x¿ 5gf]6 ubf{ bnx¿ …;dfj]zLÚ x'g}kb{5 / bf];|f] lgjf{rgsf nflu <strong>to</strong>f/<br />
ul/Psf] pgLx¿sf] ;"rLdf dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L–hghflt, lk5l8Psf If]qsf dflg;, dw]zL tyf<br />
cGo ;d"xx¿sf] ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj ;'lglZrt x'g'kb{5 . ;du|df sDtLdf Ps ltxfO{ pDd]bjf/<br />
dlxnf x'g'kb{5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] cjlw o;sf] klxnf] a}7s a;]sf] ldltaf6 b'O{ jif{sf] x'g] pNn]v o;df<br />
ul/Psf] 5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf ;b:ox¿sf nflu o;n] Joj:yflksf–;+;b\sf ;b:ox¿sf] h:t} s]xL<br />
lglb{i6 of]Uotf tf]s]sf] 5 . ;+;b\n] h:t} o;n] cfˆgf] lgodfjnL cfkm} agfPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfg ;xdltsf]<br />
cfwf/df kfl/t u/fpg] nIo o;n] lnPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfgsf k|To]s wf/f ;+ljwfg;efsf] j}7saf6 ;j{;Ddltaf6<br />
kfl/t x'g'kb{5 . s'g} wf/fsf ;DaGwdf ;j{;Ddlt sfod x'g g;s]df ;+ljwfg;efdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{<br />
bnsf g]tfx¿n] ;j{;Ddltsf nflu cfk;df k/fdz{ ug] {5g\ . o:tf] klg x'g g;s]df Tof] wf/f kfl/t ug{<br />
b'O{ ltxfO ;b:ox¿sf] ;dy{g cfjZos kg]{5 .<br />
efu * df …Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlwÚ /flvPsf] 5 . o;df sfg'g -gofF ;+ljwfgafx]s_ s;/L kfl/t ul/g'kb{5<br />
eGg] s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . sfg'gdf /fi6«kltn] x:tfIf/ ug'{kb{5 -sfg'gdf /fhfaf6 x:tfIf/ x'g]<br />
ul/GYof] / cGtl/d ;+ljwfg cfPkl5 /fi6«kltsf] sfof{no :yfkgf gx'~h]n;Dd Joj:yflksf–;+;b\sf<br />
;efd'vaf6 x:tfIf/ x'g] u/]sf] lyof]_ . Joj:yflksf–;+;b\sf] clwj]zg ga;]sf] ;dodf s'g} sfg'g<br />
lgdf{0f ug'{ k/] dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/zdf /fi6«kltdfkm{t\ …cWofb]zÚsf ¿kdf Nofpg ;lsg]5 t/<br />
To;nfO{ kl5 Joj:yflksfaf6 cg'df]bg u/fpg'kb{5 .<br />
Effu ( df s/ tyf cfly{s sfo{k|0ffnLaf/] pNn]v 5 . ;/sf/n] sfg'g adf]lhd afx]s s'g} s/ nufpg<br />
jf C0f lng kfpg] 5}g . ;/sf/sf ;a} /sd …;l~rt sf]ifÚ elgg] s]Gb|Lo sf]ifdf cfDbfgL afFWg''kb{5 /<br />
sfg'gL clwsf/ cGtu{t afx]s of] sf]ifaf6 /sd lemSg ;lsg] 5}g . jflif{s ah]6df 5nkmn eO;s]kl5<br />
clwsf+z vr{ ul/g]5 . ;jf]{RRf cbfntsf GofofwLzx¿nufotsf s'g} ljz]if kbdf x:tIf]k x'g glbg<br />
To:tf] 5nkmn g} gu/L vf; vr{x¿sf] e'QmfgL ul/g]5 . o; efudf cfly{s jif{sf] ah]6 k]z uGf{]<br />
;fdfGo k|lsof / To;nfO{ ;+;b\af6 kfl/t ug{] k|lqmof lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 . ljz]if kl/l:yltdf x'g;Sg]<br />
cfsl:ds vr{sf] lglDt ljz]if sfo{ljlwsf] k|fjwfg klg o;df ul/Psf] 5 .<br />
21
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Part 10 is about the courts: it is called “The Judiciary". It creates the Supreme Court,<br />
the Appellate Courts and the District Courts and says what their basic powers are.<br />
It says who is qualified <strong>to</strong> become a judge. It says that the Chief Justice is appo<strong>in</strong>ted<br />
by the President on the recommendation of the <strong>Constitution</strong>al Council.<br />
(<strong>Constitution</strong>al Council is now made up of the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister, the Chief Justice (or<br />
the M<strong>in</strong>ister of Justice when the Chief Justice is <strong>to</strong> be appo<strong>in</strong>ted) the Speaker and<br />
three other M<strong>in</strong>isters, chosen by the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister and the Leader of the Opposition–<br />
(see Article 149). The other judges are appo<strong>in</strong>ted on the recommendation of the<br />
Judicial Council – which consists of the Chief Justice, the M<strong>in</strong>ister of Justice, another<br />
Supreme Court Judge, an advocate and a scholar of law. It says that Supreme Court<br />
Judges can only be removed if there is a resolution passed by two-thirds of the<br />
Legislature. Other judges can be removed by the Judicial Council for misbehaviour<br />
and other reasons. It says that with a few exceptions judges must not do any other<br />
sort of work except that of a judge.<br />
A very important provision is that about us<strong>in</strong>g the Supreme Court <strong>to</strong> protect rights.<br />
A citizen can apply <strong>to</strong> the Supreme Court for any law <strong>to</strong> be declared contrary <strong>to</strong> the<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong>. The Supreme Court can actually say that the law has no force <strong>in</strong> the<br />
future – but anyth<strong>in</strong>g that has been done under the law before the court decision can<br />
stand. The court also can issue orders <strong>to</strong> enforce fundamental rights – and this is not<br />
restricted <strong>to</strong> citizens.<br />
There is also a Judicial Services Commission <strong>to</strong> deal with the appo<strong>in</strong>tments etc. of<br />
staffs of the judicial service. This body has similar membership <strong>to</strong> the Judicial Council:<br />
Chief Justice, the M<strong>in</strong>ister of Justice, and another Supreme Court Judge but also the<br />
Chair of the Public Service Commission and the At<strong>to</strong>rney General.<br />
Every year the Supreme Court must make a report <strong>to</strong> the President – and this must<br />
<strong>in</strong>clude various facts and figures, and whether any remarks have been made about<br />
judges when cases have gone <strong>to</strong> higher courts on appeal.<br />
A special court is set up <strong>to</strong> deal with compla<strong>in</strong>ts about the elections <strong>to</strong> the Constituent<br />
Assembly.<br />
22
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
Effu !) df cbfntx¿ cyf{t\ …GofokflnsfÚaf/] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . o;n] ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, k'g/fj]bg<br />
cbfnt / lhNNff cbfntsf] l;h{gf ub{} tL cbfntsf cfwf/e"t clwsf/af/] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 .<br />
GofofwLzx¿sf] of]Uotfaf/] oxfF j0f{g ul/Psf] 5 . k|wfg GofofwLzsf] lgo'lQm /fi6«kltaf6 ;+j}wflgs<br />
kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/zdf x'g] pNn]v o;df ul/Psf] 5 . ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\df clxn] k|wfgdGqL, k|wfg<br />
GofofwLz -jf k|wfg GofofwLz lgo'Qm ug{ 'k/] GofodGqL, ;efd'v / k|wfgdGqLåf/f dgf]gLt cGo tLg hgf<br />
dGqL / ljkIfL bnsf] g]tf ;lDdlnt x'g]5g\ -x]g'{xf];\, wf/f !$(_ . k|wfg GofofwLz, GofodGqL, ;jf]{Rr<br />
cbfntsf Ps csf]{ GofofwLz, Ps sfg'gljb\ / Ps clwjQmf /xg] u/L u7g ul/Psf] Gofo kl/ifb\sf]<br />
l;kmfl/zdf cGo GofofwLzx¿ lgo'Qm x'g]5g\ . Joj:yflksf–;+;b\sf] b'O{ ltxfO dtaf6 dxfleof]u kfl/t<br />
ePdf dfq ;jf] {Rr cbfntsf GofofwLzx¿ kbd'Qm x'g]5g\ . cGo GofofwLzx¿nfO{ Gofo kl/ifb\n] v/fa<br />
cfr/0f jf cGo sf/0fsf cfwf/df kbaf6 d'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 . s]xL ckjfbafx]s GofofwLzx¿n] GofofwLzsf<br />
sfdafx]s c¿ sfd ug{' x'Fb}g .<br />
o; efudf Dff}lns xssf] ;+/If0fsf lglDt ;jf] {Rr cbfntnfO{ k|of]u ug{ ];DaGwL lgs} dxTjk"0f{ k|fjwfgaf/]<br />
klg pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . s'g} sfg'gnfO{ ;+ljwfg ljk/Lt /x]sf] 3f]if0ff u/fpg dfu ub}{ s'g} klg<br />
gful/sn] ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf lgj]bg lbg;S5 . ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] To:tf] sfg'g eljiodf nfu" x'g] 5}g<br />
egL eGg ;Sb5 t/ o:tf] cbfntL lg0f{o x'g'k"j{ pQm sfg'g cg';f/ ePsf lg0f{ox¿ eg] oyfjt\<br />
/xg]5g\ . df}lns xsx¿ Nffu" ug{ klg cbfntn] cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 / of] s'/f gful/sdf dfq<br />
;Lldt x'g] 5}g .<br />
Gofo ;]jfsf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] lgo'lQmnufotsf cGo sfo{sf lglDt Gofo ;]jf cfof]usf] u7g;DaGwL<br />
k|fjwfg klg o;df /flvPsf] 5 . o; lgsfodf Gofo kl/ifb\df h:t} k|wfg GofofwLz, GofodGqL tyf<br />
;jf{]Rr cbfntsf Ps csf{] GofofwLz ;b:osf ¿kdf /xg]5g\ t/ o;df nf]s;]jf cfof]usf cWoIf /<br />
dxfGofoflwjQmf klg ;dfj]z x'g]5g\ .<br />
;jf] {Rr cbfntn] k|To]s jif{ cfˆgf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg /fi6«klt;dIf k]z ug{ 'k5{ . k|ltj]bgdf d'2fx¿;DaGwL<br />
ljleGg tYo tYofÍsf ;fy} k'g/fj]bgsf nflu pRr cbfntdf d'2f k7fpFbf GofofwLzaf/] s'g} l6Kk0fL<br />
ul/Psf] 5 jf 5}g eGg] h:tf s'/fx¿ pNn]v ug'{k5{ .<br />
;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg;DaGwL ph'/L x]g{ Pp6f ljz]if cbfnt u7g ul/g] k|fjwfg klg ;+ljwfgsf] of]<br />
efudf Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .<br />
23
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Part 11 is about the Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority. This<br />
important body is designed <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>vestigate people who have been accused of hav<strong>in</strong>g<br />
done someth<strong>in</strong>g wrong or be<strong>in</strong>g corrupt, when they are hold<strong>in</strong>g some public office.<br />
The President appo<strong>in</strong>ts the members of the Commission – but the recommendation<br />
must come from the <strong>Constitution</strong>al Council. Members must be at least 45 years old<br />
and experienced <strong>in</strong> some area of life like eng<strong>in</strong>eer<strong>in</strong>g or law or account<strong>in</strong>g. They must<br />
not be members of a political party, and must have a good character – they must not be<br />
known <strong>to</strong> have done wrong th<strong>in</strong>gs. So that the members can be fearless <strong>in</strong> their<br />
<strong>in</strong>vestigations they cannot be easily dismissed – <strong>in</strong> this they are like Supreme Court<br />
Justices. They only hold the job for 6 years. What could the Commission do if it thought<br />
that someone had done wrong? It can report the person <strong>to</strong> their department, or other<br />
body like the Public Service Commission for discipl<strong>in</strong>ary action. And they can take a<br />
case <strong>to</strong> court. Every year they must report on their activities <strong>to</strong> the President.<br />
Part 12 is about the Audi<strong>to</strong>r General, whose responsibility, like that of the<br />
Commission <strong>in</strong> Part 11, is <strong>to</strong> ensure accountability of government and public officials.<br />
He or she is appo<strong>in</strong>ted rather <strong>in</strong> the same way as Commission members, and it is<br />
hard <strong>to</strong> dismiss him or her. The work of the office is <strong>to</strong> check on the way money has<br />
been spent – was it spent on the purposes that had been approved by the law and by<br />
the relevant m<strong>in</strong>istry? He or she must look at the expenditure by the government, the<br />
legislature, the military, the courts and many other public bodies. As well as see<strong>in</strong>g<br />
whether the law has been obeyed, and proper account<strong>in</strong>g standards applied, the<br />
Audi<strong>to</strong>r-General must decide whether the use of the money has been effective and<br />
efficient. So the idea is <strong>to</strong> see not only whether there has been corruption or illegality<br />
but also whether the public are gett<strong>in</strong>g value for their money.<br />
Part 13 is on the Public Service Commission, which has some important functions <strong>in</strong><br />
connection with the civil service. It conducts the exams for entry <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> the civil service,<br />
and it gives advice about appo<strong>in</strong>tments generally and about <strong>in</strong>dividuals. Half of its<br />
members must have worked <strong>in</strong> the public service for over 20 years and the rest must<br />
be people from other walks of life. Like other commissions its members serve for 6<br />
years, and the Commission must make an annual report.<br />
Part 14 is about the Election Commission, which runs elections – and was <strong>in</strong> charge<br />
of the election for the Constituent Assembly. Its responsibilities <strong>in</strong>clude register<strong>in</strong>g<br />
voters, and political parties, and prepar<strong>in</strong>g laws about the elections, <strong>to</strong> be passed by<br />
the Legislature Parliament. Like other commissions, the members are appo<strong>in</strong>ted by<br />
the President but the names come from the <strong>Constitution</strong>al Council. There must be a<br />
Chief Commissioner and could be as many as four other commissioners.<br />
24
]{<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu !! df clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u;DaGwL Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . s'g} ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f<br />
u/]sf] JolQmdfly cg'lrt sfo{ jf e|i6frf/ u/]sf]] cleof]u nfu] To;af/] 5fglag ug{ of] dxTjk"0f{<br />
lgsfo :yfkgf ul/Psf] xf] . cfof]usf ;b:ox¿sf] lgo'lQm /fi6«kltaf6 x'g]5 t/ To;sf nflu ;+j}wflgs<br />
kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/z cfjZos kb{5 . cfof]usf ;b:ox¿ sDtLdf $% jif{ k'u]sf / Ol~hlgol/Ë jf n]vf<br />
jf sfg'g h:tf s'g} Jofj;flos If]qdf cg'ej xfl;n u/]sf x'g'kb{5 . pgLx¿ s'g} /fhg}lts bnsf]<br />
;b:o gePsf / pRr g}lts rl/q sfod ePsf x'g'kb{5 cyf{t\ pgLx¿ s'g} g/fd|f] sfddf ;+nUg<br />
gePsf x'gkb{5 tfls pgLx¿ ;lhn} kbd'Qm x'g] eo/lxt eP/ 5fglagdf h'6\g ;s"g\ . o; cy{df<br />
pgLx¿ ;jf] {Rr cbfntsf GofofwLzx¿ h:t} x'G5g\ . pgLx¿sf] kbfjlw 5 jif{sf] x'g]5 . s'g} ;b:on]<br />
unt sfd u/]sf] 5 eGg] nfu] cfof]un] s] ug{ ;Sb5 < o:tf] cj:yfdf cfof]un] To:tf JolQmsf<br />
ljefudf cyjf nf]s;]jf cfof]u h:tf cGo lgsfodf cg'zf;gsf] sf/afxLsf lglDt n]vL k7fpg<br />
;S5 . cfof]un] o:tf d'2fnfO{ cbfntdf klg nfg ;S5 . cfof]un] cfk"mn] u/]sf sfdsf] jflif{s<br />
k|ltj]bg /fi6«klt;dIf k]z ug{'kg{]5 .<br />
efu !@ df dxfn]vfk/LIfsaf/] pNn]v 5 . efu !! df pNn]lvt cfof]usf] h:t} dxfn]vfk/LIfssf]<br />
lhDd]jf/L klg ;/sf/ / ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] pQ/bfloTj ;'lglZrt ug'{ xf] .<br />
dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQm klg cfof]usf ;b:ox¿sf] lgo'lQm h:t} u/L x'G5 / dxfn]vfk/LIfsnfO{<br />
kbd'Qm ug'{ sl7g x'G5 . dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] sfof{nosf] sfd lgwf{l/t ah]6 sfg'g;Ddt 9Ëaf6 tyf<br />
;DalGwt dGqfnoaf6 <strong>to</strong> eP cg';f/ vr{ eP gePsf] k/LIf0f ug{' xf] . dxfn]vfk/LIfsaf6 ;/sf/,<br />
Joj:yflksf, g]kfnL ;]gf, cbfntx¿ tyf cGo ;fj{hlgs lgsfox¿sf vr{sf] k/LIf0f x'G5 . To;afx]s,<br />
dxfn]vfk/LIfsn] ljleGGf sfof{nox¿sf] vr{ sfg'g;Ddt eP gePsf], n]vfk/LIf0f;DaGwL pko'Qm<br />
dfgs k|of]u eP gePsf] s'/fnufot /sd k|efjsf/L tyf ;Ifd 9Ëaf6 k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 jf 5}g<br />
eGg]af/] lg0f{o ug{ 'kb{5 . t;y{ o;sf] p2]Zo cj}w sfo{ jf e|i6frf/ eP gePsf] k/LIf0f ug] { dfq geO{<br />
hgtfn] a'emfPsf] /fh:j cg'¿k pgLx¿n] ;]jf k|fKt ul//x]sf 5g\ ls 5}gg\ eGg] s'/f klg x]g]{ xf] .<br />
efu !# df nf]s;]jf cfof]uaf/] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . o;n] lghfdtL ;]jf;DaGwL dxTjk"0f{ sfdx¿<br />
ub{5 . cfof]un] lghfdtL ;]jfdf k|j]z;DaGwL k/LIff ;~rfng ug' {sf ;fy} JolQmx¿sf] lgo'lQmsf nflu<br />
l;kmfl/z ug]{ ub{5 . cfof]usf ;b:ox¿dWo] cfwf @) jif{;Dd ;/sf/L ;]jfdf /x]sf / cfwf /fli6«o<br />
hLjgdf Voflt k|fKt u/]sf JolQmx¿dWo]af6 lgo'Qm x'g]5g\ . cGo cfof]udf h:t} o; cfof]usf<br />
;b:ox¿sf] kbfjlw klg 5 jif{sf] x'g]5 / cfof]un] jlif{s k|ltj]bg <strong>to</strong>f/ ug'{kb{5 .<br />
efu !$ df lgjf{rg cfof]uaf/] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . o;n] ;+ljwfg;efnufot :yfgLo lgsfosf] lgjf{rg<br />
;~rfng ub{5 . o;sf lhDd]jf/Lx¿df dtbftf gfdfjnL ;Íng ug] { / /fhg}lts bnx¿ btf{ ug] { tyf<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;b\n] kfl/t ug]{ u/L lgjf{rg;DaGwL sfg'g <strong>to</strong>f/ ug{] /x]sf 5g\ . cGo cfof]ux¿df<br />
h:t} /fi6«kltaf6 o;sf cfo'Qmx¿sf] lgo'lQm x'G5 t/ To;sf lglDt ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\af6 gfd<br />
k|:tfljt x'g'k5{ . cfof]udf Ps k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / a9Ldf cGo rf/ hgf lgjf{rg cfo'Qmx¿<br />
x'g]5g\ .<br />
25
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Chapter 15 is about the National Human Rights Commission. The Commission has<br />
existed for some time but this is the first time it has been mentioned <strong>in</strong> the <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
There must be a Chairman (who must be a retired Chief Justice or Supreme Court<br />
Judge) and 4 other members. The other members must have experience <strong>in</strong> human<br />
rights work or social work. Members must come from a wide range of backgrounds<br />
– <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g women. They are appo<strong>in</strong>ted by the President – on the recommendation<br />
of the <strong>Constitution</strong>al Council. The work of the Human Rights Commission is <strong>to</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong>vestigate accusations of human rights violations, <strong>to</strong> make recommendations <strong>to</strong><br />
authorities <strong>to</strong> take action, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g punishment of people who have violated human<br />
rights, <strong>to</strong> suggest tak<strong>in</strong>g action <strong>in</strong> court for human rights violations, and <strong>to</strong> publicise<br />
human rights – work<strong>in</strong>g with civil society. It is also supposed <strong>to</strong> study the laws of<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong> <strong>to</strong> see whether they meet human rights standards. They are <strong>to</strong> give advice <strong>to</strong><br />
the country on becom<strong>in</strong>g a party <strong>to</strong> human rights treaties. And they are <strong>to</strong> moni<strong>to</strong>r<br />
how the government complies with human rights treaties and make proposal for<br />
improv<strong>in</strong>g the country's human rights performance. The Commission is given some<br />
special powers <strong>to</strong> do its work. It can call people <strong>to</strong> give it <strong>in</strong>formation. It can enter<br />
premises <strong>to</strong> f<strong>in</strong>d evidence. It can order compensation <strong>to</strong> people who have suffered<br />
because of human rights violations. It is supposed not <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>quire <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> anyth<strong>in</strong>g that<br />
is dealt with the Army Act – which deals with the adm<strong>in</strong>istration and disciple of the<br />
Army. But on the other hand, this does not apply if there is a violation of human<br />
rights (or humanitarian law). It must report annually <strong>to</strong> the President and the<br />
President through the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister shall submit the report <strong>to</strong> the Legislature-<br />
Parliament.<br />
Chapter 16 is about the At<strong>to</strong>rney General who is the legal advisor of the Government.<br />
He or she gives advice <strong>to</strong> the Government itself and <strong>to</strong> other public bodies and can<br />
appear <strong>in</strong> court as the government's lawyer. There are other functions <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>in</strong>vestigat<strong>in</strong>g a compla<strong>in</strong>t that a person who was <strong>in</strong> prison or somehow <strong>in</strong> cus<strong>to</strong>dy<br />
was treated <strong>in</strong> a way that violated human rights. And the At<strong>to</strong>rney General is<br />
supposed <strong>to</strong> watch the work of the Supreme Court and how it <strong>in</strong>terprets and applies<br />
the law (but it does not say what the At<strong>to</strong>rney General is <strong>to</strong> do with this <strong>in</strong>formation).<br />
The At<strong>to</strong>rney General can go <strong>to</strong> the Legislature Parliament and express any views<br />
before it. The At<strong>to</strong>rney General is appo<strong>in</strong>ted by the President on the recommendation<br />
of the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister and can be dismissed <strong>in</strong> the same manner. He or she must have<br />
qualifications that are good enough that he or she could be appo<strong>in</strong>ted as a judge of<br />
the Supreme Court.<br />
26
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu !% df /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u;DaGwL Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . cfof]usf] cl:tTj s]xL ;dootf<br />
/xFb} cfPsf] eP klg o;nfO{ klxnf] k6s of] ;+j}wflgs cËsf ¿kdf :yflkt ul/Psf] 5 . o;df Ps<br />
cWoIf -;]jflgj[Q k|wfg GofofwLz jf ;jf] {Rr cbfntsf GofofwLz_ / c? rf/ hgf ;b:ox¿ x'g]5g\ .<br />
;b:ox¿df dfgj clwsf/ jf ;dfh;]jfsf] cg'ej x'g'kb{5 . ;b:ox¿ dlxnf;lxt cGo ljljw<br />
k[i7e"ldaf6 cfPsf x'g'kg]{5 . ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/zdf /fi6«kltaf6 ;b:ox¿ lgo'Qm x'g]5g\ .<br />
/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf sfdx¿df dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹gsf ph'/Laf/] 5fglag / cg';Gwfg<br />
ug]{, dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹g ug]{ JolQmnfO{ b08 lbg]nufot cGo sf/afxLsf nflu clwsf/Lju{df<br />
l;kmfl/z ug]{, dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹g ug]{nfO{ cbfntdf sf/afxL rnfpg ;'emfj lbg] tyf gful/s<br />
;dfh;Fu ;xsfo{ u/L dfgj clwsf/af/] k|rf/–k|;f/ ug]{ cflb k|d'v 5g\ . g]kfndf k|rlnt sfg'gx¿<br />
dfgj clwsf/sf dfgsx¿;Fu d]n vfG5g\ ls vfFb}gg\ eGg] cWoog cfof]un] ug'{kb{5 . ;fy}, dfgj<br />
clwsf/;DaGwL ;lGw–;Demf}tfsf k|fjwfgx¿ ;/sf/af6 s;/L ckgfOPsf] 5 eGg]af/] cg'udg ug{'sf<br />
;fy} o;n] b]zdf eO/x]sf] dfgj clwsf/sf] kfngfdf ;'wf/ Nofpg k|:tfj k]z ug'{kb{5 . cfˆgf] sfd<br />
ug{ cfof]unfO{ s]xL ljz]if clwsf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . cfk"mnfO{{ ;"rgf pknJw u/fpg o;n] hgtfnfO{<br />
cfXjfg ug{ ;S5 . dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹g;DaGwL k|df0f h'6fpg o;n] s'g} klg JolQmsf] cfjf; jf<br />
sfof{nodf k|j]z ug{ ;S5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn‹gaf6 kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ lbnfpg o;n] cfb]z lbg<br />
;S5 . ;}lgs k|zf;g / cg'zf;g;Fu ;DalGwt ;}lgs P]gsf] If]qflwsf/df eg] cfof]un] 5fglag ug]{<br />
5}g . dfgj clwsf/ -jf dfgjtfjfbL sfg'g_ pNn‹g ePsf] cj:yfdf eg] of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .<br />
cfof]un] /fi6«klt;dIf jflif{s k|ltj]bg k]z ug{'kb{5 / /fi6«kltn] k|wfgdGqLdfkm{t\ pQm k|ltj]bg<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;b\;dIf k]z ug] {5g\ .<br />
efu !^ dxfGofoflwjQmf;Fu ;DalGwt 5 . dxfGofoflwjQmf eg]sf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] d'Vo sfg'gL ;Nnfxsf/<br />
x'g\ . ;/sf/ tyf cGo ;fj{hlgs lgsfonfO{ sfg'gL ;Nnfx k|bfg ug]{afx]s dxfGofoflwjQmfn] g]kfn<br />
;/sf/sf tk{maf6 k|lt/Iff ug{ ]5g\ . lx/f;tdf ePsf JolQmnfO{ dfgjf]lrt Jojxf/ gul/Psf] ph"/L k/]<br />
To;af/] klg dxfGofoflwjQmfaf6 cg';Gwfg ug] { sfd x'g]5 . dxfGofoflwjQmfn] ;jf] {Rr cbfntaf6 x'g]<br />
sfd sf/afxL x]g]{afx]s sfg'gsf] s;/L JofVof tyf k|of]u eO/x]sf] 5 eGg] s'/f ;'k/Lj]If0f ug'{k5{ -t/<br />
Tof] ;"rgfnfO{ dxfGofoflwjQmfaf6 s;/L k|of]u x'g]5 eGg]af/] eg] :ki6 ul/Psf] 5}g_ . dxfGofoflwjQmf<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;b\df hfg ;S5g\ / s'g} klg b[li6sf]0f /fVg ;S5g\ . dxfGofoflwjQmf k|wfgdGqLsf]<br />
l;kmfl/zdf /fi6«kltåf/f lgo'Qm x'g]5g\ / kbd'Qm klg ;f]xL adf]lhd x'g]5g\ . ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf]<br />
GofofwLz lgo'lQm ug{sf nflu cfjZos kg] { of]Uotf a/fa/ g} dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] of]Uotf x'G5 .<br />
27
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Part 17 is called “Form of State and Local Self Governance". One Article of this is<br />
about <strong>Nepal</strong> becom<strong>in</strong>g a federal state. At first it said that the Constituent Assembly<br />
would decide this, but the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> was changed so that it now says<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong> will be a federal state. But it does not give any details. It does say that the state<br />
must be re-structured <strong>to</strong> remove discrim<strong>in</strong>ation. A High Level Commission is <strong>to</strong> be<br />
appo<strong>in</strong>ted <strong>to</strong> make proposals on the details of the restructur<strong>in</strong>g. The part also deals<br />
with local government. It says local elections must be held and until such elections<br />
take place the political parties must agree on a system of local self-government at the<br />
District, Municipality and Village levels. This is <strong>to</strong> be an <strong>in</strong>terim arrangement –<br />
which must mean until the Constituent Assembly has made f<strong>in</strong>al recommendations.<br />
Responsibilities – and the resources needed <strong>to</strong> carry them out – must be shared<br />
between the national government and the other levels. The whole system must ensure<br />
fair development, and especially it must take care of the backward groups. A new<br />
law is needed about this local government system. The 5 th amendment says that<br />
there must be elections for local government bodies, though no time limit is given.<br />
Part 18 is about political parties. It says people have a right <strong>to</strong> form political parties.<br />
And no law must <strong>in</strong>terfere with this. Also no law must permit a one-party system <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>Nepal</strong>. In order <strong>to</strong> be able <strong>to</strong> register, a political party must support the spirit of the<br />
preamble – we looked at this earlier. The parties must show that they are democratic<br />
–<strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g hav<strong>in</strong>g elections for their officers at least once <strong>in</strong> 5 years. And they must<br />
supply <strong>in</strong>formation about their sources of f<strong>in</strong>ance, and about their manifes<strong>to</strong> – that<br />
is their appeal <strong>to</strong> the voters. There are some other restrictions on register<strong>in</strong>g a party;<br />
these <strong>in</strong>clude a rule that there must be no discrim<strong>in</strong>ation about party membership<br />
on the basis of religion, caste, tribe, language or sex. This means that there cannot be<br />
a women-only party or a party for Dalits only. And the party cannot be registered if<br />
its purposes or its symbols are likely <strong>to</strong> disturb the religious or communal harmony<br />
or might divide the country, or if it is formed <strong>to</strong> push for a no-party state or a oneparty<br />
state. If they want <strong>to</strong> contest election, parties must register with the Election<br />
Commission. For the Constituent Assembly elections, a new party must produce the<br />
signatures of 10,000 people <strong>in</strong> support – but this does not apply <strong>to</strong> the parties that<br />
have members <strong>in</strong> the Legislature Parliament now.<br />
28
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu !& df /fHosf] 9fFrf / :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;gaf/] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf] Pp6f wf/f g]kfnsf]<br />
;‹Lo k'g;{ +/rgfsf ;DjGwdf 5 . klxn] ;+ljwfg;efn] o;sf] lg0f{o u5{ eGg] pNn]v ul/Psf] lyof] eg]<br />
cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf ;+zf]wg ul/Pkl5 g]kfndf ;‹Lo zf;g k|0ffnL x'g]5 eGg] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 t/<br />
o;af/] lj:t[t pNn]v ul/Psf] 5}g . e]befj cGTo ug{ /fHosf] k'g;+{/rgf ug{}kb{5 eGg] pNn]v o;df<br />
ul/Psf] 5 . /fHosf] k'g;+{/rgfaf/] lj:t[t ;'emfj lbg Ps pRr:t/Lo cfof]usf] u7g x'g] k|fjwfg 5 .<br />
o; efudf :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;gaf/] klg pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf cg';f/, :yfgLo lgsfosf] lgjf{rg<br />
ul/g'kb{5 / o:tf] lgjf{rg geP;Ddsf nflu lhNnf, gu/ / ufpF:t/df :yfgLo lgsfo u7g ug{<br />
/fhg}lts bnx¿aLr ;xdlt x'g'kb{5 . ;+ljwfg;efn] clGtd lg0f{o gu/];Ddsf nflu dfq sfod /xg]<br />
of] Joj:yfkg cGtl/d x'g'k5{ . o; sfdnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ lhDd]jf/L tyf ;|f]t;fwg /fli6«o ;/sf/ /<br />
cGo txsf lgsfox¿aLr afF8kmfF8 x'g'kb{5 . ;Dk"0f{ k|0ffnLn] klxn] ;Gt'lnt ljsf; ;'lglZrt ug' {kb{5 .<br />
ljz]if u/L o;n] lk5l8Psf ju{ jf ;d"xnfO{ Wofg lbg'kb{5 . :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g k|0ffnLsf lglDt Ps<br />
ljz]if sfg'g cfjZos k5{ . kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgn] :yfgLo lgsfosf] lgjf{rg ug]{ s'/f ub{5 t/ To;sf]<br />
;do;Ldf tf]lsPsf] 5}g .<br />
efu !* /fhg}lts bnx¿;Fu ;DalGwt 5 . gful/sx¿nfO{ /fhg}lts bn vf]Ng] clwsf/ x'g]5 /<br />
o;df s'g} klg sfg'gn] afwf kfg{ gx'g] s'/f o;df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . s'g} klg sfg'gn] g]kfndf Ps<br />
bnLo k|0ffnLnfO{ cg'dlt lbg kfOg] 5}g . /fhg}lts bn btf{ ug{ ;Ifd x'gsf nflu pQm bnn]<br />
;+ljwfgsf] k|:tfjgfsf] efjgf / dd{nfO{ cËLsf/ u/]sf] x'g'kb{5 — o;af/] xfdLn] cufl8 g} rrf{<br />
ul/;s]sf 5f} F . /fhg}lts bnx¿ Nff]stflGqs x'g'sf ;fy} bnsf k|To]s txsf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] lgjf{rg<br />
sDtLdf kfFr jif{df Psk6s x'g] Joj:yf u/]sf] x'g'kb{5 . bnx¿n] cf–cfˆgf cfo;|f]tsf ;fy}<br />
dtbftfx¿;dIf cfˆgf] cfXjfgsf ¿kdf k|:t't ul/g] 3f]if0ffkqaf/] hfgsf/L u/fpg'kb{5 . /fhg}lts<br />
bn btf{ ug]{ ;Gbe{df s]xL aGb]hx¿ /flvPsf 5g\Ù tLdWo] Pp6f aGb]h s] xf] eg] /fhg}lts bnsf]<br />
;b:otf k|bfg ubf{ wd{, hft, hflt, efiff jf lnËsf cfwf/df e]befj ug{ x'Fb}g . o;sf] cy{ s] xf] eg]<br />
dlxnf dfqsf] cyjf blnt dfqsf] /fhg}lts bn x'g] 5}g . s'g} /fhg}lts bnsf] p2]Zo jf o;sf lrGxn]<br />
wfld{s jf ;fDk|bflos PstfnfO{ vnn kfg] { jf b]znfO{ ljv08g ug] { jf lgb{nLo jf PsbnLo Joj:yfnfO{<br />
;+j4{g / ;+/If0f ub{5 eg] To:tf] bnnfO{ klg btf{ ul/g] 5}g . lgjf{rgdf efu lng rfxg] /fhg}lts<br />
bnx¿ lgjf{rg cfof]udf btf{ x'g'kb{5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgsf lglDt gofF /fhg}lts bnn] bz<br />
xhf/ ;dy{sx¿sf] x:tfIf/ k|:t't ug{'kg]{5 t/ Joj:yflksf–;+;b\df clxn] cfˆgf ;b:ox¿ /x]sf<br />
bnx¿nfO{ o;f] ug{'kg]{ 5}g .<br />
29
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Part 19 is about arrangements for deal<strong>in</strong>g with situations of emergency. This may be<br />
by war, <strong>in</strong>vasion, armed rebellion or “extreme economic disarray" – it does not<br />
mention natural disaster like earthquake or floods. In such a situation the President<br />
can, on the recommendation of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters, declare a “state of emergency"<br />
which will give them extra powers <strong>to</strong> cope with the situation and also enable them<br />
<strong>to</strong> ignore some of the human rights <strong>in</strong> Part 4. The state of emergency must be approved<br />
by the Legislature Parliament with<strong>in</strong> one month and can't last for more than 3<br />
months without further approval from the Legislature. The President may, on the<br />
recommendation of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters at any time revoke the proclamation or<br />
order <strong>to</strong> state of emergency. Two-thirds of the Legislature Parliament must vote for<br />
the state of emergency if it is <strong>to</strong> be valid. If any official causes damage, like damag<strong>in</strong>g<br />
property <strong>to</strong> prepare defences aga<strong>in</strong>st <strong>in</strong>vasion, the person whose property was<br />
damaged can claim compensation.<br />
Part 20 is about the army. The President is the Supreme Commander, and office that<br />
used <strong>to</strong> be held by the K<strong>in</strong>g but was not mentioned <strong>in</strong> the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> until<br />
the most recent changes. This is presumably a purely honorary appo<strong>in</strong>tment with<br />
no real powers. The President shall, on the recommendation of the Council of<br />
M<strong>in</strong>isters, appo<strong>in</strong>t the Commander-<strong>in</strong>-Chief and control, mobilize and manage the<br />
army. It says that the commander <strong>in</strong> chief is appo<strong>in</strong>ted by the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters,<br />
and the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters manages the Army. The Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters must<br />
prepare, and carry out, a plan for the democratization of the Army; the plan must<br />
have the consent of the political parties and the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters must consult<br />
the relevant committee of the Legislature-Parliament about it. This plan must <strong>in</strong>clude<br />
tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g for the army <strong>in</strong> democracy and human rights. There must be a National<br />
Defence Council which makes recommendations <strong>to</strong> the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters about<br />
the Army. The Defence Council consists of 6 M<strong>in</strong>isters (the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister, the<br />
Defence and Home M<strong>in</strong>isters and 3 others). If the Army is brought <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> action (except<br />
<strong>to</strong> deal with a natural disaster) this must be approved by a special committee of the<br />
Legislature Parliament with<strong>in</strong> one month. The Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters must form a<br />
special committee <strong>to</strong> deal with the question of <strong>in</strong>tegrat<strong>in</strong>g and rehabilitat<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
Maoist Army. Other matters about the Maoist Army must be done as agreed <strong>in</strong> the<br />
peace agreements. The 5 th Amendment of the <strong>Constitution</strong> says that there must be a<br />
law <strong>to</strong> ensure “enlist<strong>in</strong>g of Madhesi, <strong>in</strong>digenous ethnic groups, Dalits, women, and<br />
people from backward and other regions <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> the armed forces on the basis of the<br />
pr<strong>in</strong>ciples of equality and <strong>in</strong>clusiveness".<br />
Part 21 says that the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> can be changed by a vote of at least twothirds<br />
of those members of the Legislature Parliament who are present at the time of<br />
the vote. This procedure was used <strong>to</strong> change the <strong>Constitution</strong> seven times between<br />
2007 and 2010.<br />
30
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu !( df ;Í6sfnLg clwsf/x¿af/] pNn]v 5 . o'4, afXo cfqmd0f, ;z:q ljb|f]x jf …r/d cfly{s<br />
lj>[ÎntfÚ af6 o:tf] l:ylt pTkGg x'g;Sb5 -oxfF e'OFrfnf] tyf af9L–klx/f] h:tf k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf/]<br />
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5}g_ . o:tf] cj:yfdf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/zdf /fi6«kltn] …;Í6sfnÚ 3f]if0ff ug{<br />
;Sb5g\ . o:tf] l:yltsf] ;fdgf ug{ o;n] dlGqkl/ifb\nfO{ cltl/Qm clwsf/ k|bfg ug{'sf ;fy} efu $<br />
df pNn]lvt sltko df}lns clwsf/nfO{ ;d]t lgnDag ug{ ] clwsf/ lbg ;Sg]5 . ;Í6sfn nfu" ePsf]<br />
Ps dlxgfleq Jo:yflksf–;+;b\n] To;nfO{ cg'df]bg ug{'k5{ / ;+;b\sf] k'gM cg'df]bgljgf of] tLg<br />
dlxgfeGbf a9L sfod /xg] 5}g . o:tf] ;Í6sfn 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z dGqLkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/zdf /fi6«kltn]<br />
h'g;'s} a]nf klg lkmtf{ lng ;Sb5g\ . 3f]if0ffsf] j}wtfsf nflu Jo:yflksf–;+;b\sf b'O{ ltxfO ;b:on]<br />
o;sf] kIfdf dtbfg ug'{k5{ . ;Í6sfndf s'g} clwsf/Laf6 s'g} JolQmsf] ;DklQ Iflt eP kLl8t<br />
JolQmn] Ifltk"lt{ dfu ug{ ;S5 .<br />
efu @) df ;]gf;DaGwL Joj:yf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . /fi6«klt ;jf]{Rr sdf08/ x'G5g\ . of] kb /fhfn]<br />
u|x0f ug]{ ub{y] t/ kl5Nnf ;+zf]wgk"j{ o;af/] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf pNn]v ul/Psf] lyPg . of] s'g}<br />
jf:tljs clwsf/ gePsf] k"0f{tM dfgfy{ lgo'lQm xf] . /fi6«kltn] dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/zdf k|wfg<br />
;]gfklt lgo'Qm ug]{5 / ;]gfsf] lgoGq0f, kl/rfng / Joj:yfkg ug{]5 . dlGqkl/ifb\n] g]kfnL ;]gfsf]<br />
nf]stfGqLs/0fsf lglDt sfo{of]hgf th{'df u/L sfof{Gjog ug'{kb{5Ù pQm sfo{of]hgfk|lt /fhg}lts<br />
bnx¿ ;xdt x'g'kb{5 / dlGqkl/ifb\n] o;af/] Jo:yflksf–;+;b\sf] ;DalGwt ;ldlt;Fu k/fdz{ ug' {k5{ .<br />
o; sfo{of]hgfdf ;]gfnfO{ nf]stGq / dfgj clwsf/sf] d"NodfGotfaf/] k|lzlIft ug]{ sfo{ ;dfj]z<br />
ul/g'kb{5 . ;]gfsf ;Gbe{df dlGqkl/ifb\nfO{ l;kmfl/z ug{ /fli6«o ;'/Iff kl/ifb\ u7g x'g]5 . /fli6«o<br />
;'/Iff kl/ifb\df 5 hgf dGqL -k|wfgdGqL, /IffdGqL, u[xdGqL / cGo tLg dGqL_ /xg]5g\ . ;]gf kl/rfng<br />
ul/Psf] v08df -Kf|fs[lts ljkb\df afx]s_ Tof] lg0f{onfO{ Jo:yflksf–;+;b\sf] ljz]if ;ldltn] Ps<br />
dlxgfleq cg'df]bg ug' {k5{ . dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'x¿sf] ;dfof]hg / k'g:yf{kgsf lglDt dlGqkl/ifb\n]<br />
ljz]if ;ldlt u7g ug'{kg]{5 . dfcf]jfbL ;]gfaf/] cGo s'/f ;]gf / xl<strong>to</strong>f/ Joj:yfkg cg'udg;DaGwL<br />
;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP cg';f/ ug'{kg]{5 . kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 – æg]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ /fli6«o<br />
:j¿k k|bfg ug{ / ;dfj]zL agfpg dw]zL, cflbjf;L hghflt, blnt, dlxnf, lk5l8Psf If]qnufotsf<br />
hgtfsf] k|j]z ;dfgtf / ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf cfwf/df sfg'gdf Joj:yf u/L ;'lglZrt ul/g]5 .Æ<br />
efu @! df ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgaf/] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . o;df pNn]v eP cg';f/ Jo:yflksf–;+;b\df<br />
tTsfn sfod /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] sDtLdf b'O{ ltxfO ;b:ox¿sf] dtbfgaf6 cGtl/d<br />
;+ljwfgsf] s'g} wf/fnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg]5 . @)^# ;fnb]lv @)^^ ;fnsf] aLrdf g]kfnsf] cGtl/d<br />
;+ljwfgdf ;ft k6s ;+zf]wg ug{ of] sfo{ljlw k|of]u ul/;lsPsf] 5 .<br />
31
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Part 22 is called “Miscellaneous", and it does various th<strong>in</strong>gs. It creates the<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong>al Council. This is made up of the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister, the Chief Justice, the<br />
Speaker of the Legislature Parliament and three M<strong>in</strong>isters chosen by the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
(and the Leader of the Opposition added <strong>in</strong> 2008).. The Part says that the Council of<br />
M<strong>in</strong>isters recommends <strong>to</strong> the President names of people for appo<strong>in</strong>tment as <strong>Nepal</strong>ese<br />
Ambassadors. The Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters also has the power <strong>to</strong> recommend that the<br />
President pardon people convicted of crim<strong>in</strong>al offences, suspend the sentence, or<br />
change the sentence <strong>to</strong> someth<strong>in</strong>g less serious. Any honours or titles given by the<br />
state are given by the President, follow<strong>in</strong>g the recommendation of the Council of<br />
M<strong>in</strong>isters. No <strong>Nepal</strong>i citizen can accept any honour from a foreign country without<br />
approval from the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>. The Government can create the civil service<br />
and any other services needed <strong>to</strong> run the country. There must be a law <strong>to</strong> deal with<br />
this. The Government may set up special commissions <strong>to</strong> protect the rights of women,<br />
Dalits, Janajatis, Madhesis, disabled, labourers or farmers and others. When any<br />
person is appo<strong>in</strong>ted <strong>to</strong> be a member of any commission, Supreme Court judges and<br />
ambassadors, there must be a hear<strong>in</strong>g before the Legislature Parliament. A law must<br />
deal with this. There is also a rule about qualifications for people appo<strong>in</strong>ted <strong>to</strong><br />
positions under the <strong>Constitution</strong>: they must be citizens and must, if they are<br />
naturalised citizens, have lived <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> for 10 years.<br />
There is also a rule about approval of treaties entered <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> by <strong>Nepal</strong>. If they deal with<br />
certa<strong>in</strong> important <strong>to</strong>pics, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g peace, security, the boundaries of <strong>Nepal</strong> or natural<br />
resources, they must be approved by two-thirds of all the members of the Legislature<br />
Parliament. There is also a provision for a referendum (a vote of all the people) if<br />
some matter of national importance is <strong>to</strong> be decided. The Constituent Assembly can<br />
refer such a matter <strong>to</strong> the people <strong>in</strong> this way – unless the <strong>Constitution</strong> says that the<br />
matter must be decided <strong>in</strong> some other way. There is a f<strong>in</strong>al provision which says that<br />
if there is any difficulty <strong>in</strong> connection with implementation of the <strong>Constitution</strong>, the<br />
President could, on the recommendation of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters may issue any<br />
orders <strong>to</strong> remove the difficulties. But this must be approved by the Legislature-<br />
Parliament with<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> a month.<br />
32
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu @@ df …ljljwÚ s'/fx¿af/] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . o; wf/fdf ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\af/] Joj:yf ul/Psf]<br />
5 . kl/ifb\df k|wfgdGqL, k|wfg GofofwLz, Jo:yflksf–;+;b\sf ;efd'v, / k|wfgdGqLåf/f rog ePsf<br />
tLg hgf cGo dGqL -/, @)^% ;fndf ePsf] kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgaf6 ljkIfL bnsf] g]tfnfO{ yk ul/Psf]_<br />
x'g]5g\ . o; efudf dlGqkl/ifb\n] /fi6«kltnfO{ g]kfnL /fhb"tx¿sf] gfd l;/kmfl/z ug] { s'/f pNn]v 5 .<br />
dlGqkl/ifb\;Fu ;hfo dfkmL, d'ntjL, kl/jt{g jf sd ug{ /fi6«klt;dIf l;kmfl/z ug]{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .<br />
/fHoåf/f k|bfg ul/g] s'g} pkflw / ;Ddfg dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/zdf /fi6«kltaf6 k|bfg ul/g]5 .<br />
To;}u/L, g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[lt k|fKt gu/L g]kfnsf] s'g} gful/sn] s'g} ljb]zL d'n'ssf] ;/sf/af6<br />
k|bfg ul/g] pkflw, ;Ddfg / lje"if0f u|x0f ug'{ x'+Fb}g eGg] k|fjwfg klg o;df /flvPsf] 5 . g]kfn<br />
;/sf/n] d'n'ssf] k|zf;g ;~rfng ug{ lghfdtL ;]jf / cfjZos cGo ;]jfx¿sf] u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
o;sf nflu P]g NofOg]5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt, dw]zL, ckfË, dhb'/ jf<br />
ls;fgnufot cGo ;d"xsf xs lxt ;+/If0f ug{ ljz]if cfof]ux¿ Uf7g ug{ ;Sg]5 . ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf<br />
kbdf lgo'Qm x'g'k"j{ pgLx¿af/] sfg'gdf Joj:yf ePadf]lhd ;+;bLo ;'g'jfO x'g]5 . o;sf nflu<br />
sfg'gsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . ;+ljwfg cGtu{t lgo'Qm ul/g] JolQmsf nflu cfjZos of]Uotfaf/] klg lgod<br />
agfOPsf] 5 M pgLx¿ g]kfnsf] gful/s x'g'kb{5 / pgLx¿ cËLs[t gful/s x'g\ eg] pgLx¿ sDtLdf<br />
bz jif{ g]kfndf a;]sf] x'g'kb{5 .<br />
g]kfn kIf ePsf ;lGwsf] ;dy{g;DaGwL k|fjwfg klg o;df /flvPsf] 5 . ;lGw jf ;Demf}tf zflGt,<br />
;'/Iff, g]kfnsf] l;dfgf jf k|fs[lts ;|f]t h:tf dxTjk"0f{ lglZrt ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt ePsf] cj:yfdf<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;b\df ePsf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:ox¿sf] b'O{ ltxfO ax'dtn] To;sf] ;dy{g ug'{kb{5 . /fli6«o<br />
dxTjsf s'g} ljifodf lg0f{o ug'{k/] hgdt ;ª\u|x -;a} hgtfsf] dt_ cfof]hgf ug{] k|fjwfg klg o;<br />
wf/fdf /flvPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfgdf cGoq Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s ;+ljwfg;efn] To:tf] ljifonfO{ hg;dIf<br />
/fVg ;Sg]5 . of] ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjog ubf{ s'g} afwf c8\sfp k/]df /fi6«kltn] dGqLkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/zdf<br />
To:tf] afwf c8\sfp km'sfpg] cfb]z hf/L ug{;Sg] k|fjwfg ;+ljwfgdf 5 t/ To:tf] cfb]z Ps<br />
dlxgfleq Joj:yflksf–;+;b\af6 cg'df]bg x'g'kb{5 .<br />
33
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Part 23 deals with what are called “Transitional Issues". This means th<strong>in</strong>gs that<br />
must be done because there is a new constitution and a new situation <strong>in</strong> the country.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally it said that these are: the K<strong>in</strong>g has no powers <strong>in</strong> connection with<br />
government; and the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister is the person responsible for the governance of<br />
the country. In fact, when the <strong>Constitution</strong> was amended for the third time, <strong>in</strong><br />
December 2007, the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister was made Head of State until the republican<br />
status of <strong>Nepal</strong> is implemented by the Constituent Assembly. F<strong>in</strong>ally the K<strong>in</strong>g was<br />
removed by the first meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Constituent Assembly. The forth ammendment of<br />
the constitution provided that all property of late K<strong>in</strong>g Birendra, late Queen<br />
Aishwarya and other members of their family put <strong>in</strong> a trust <strong>to</strong> be used for the benefit<br />
of the nation and all property acquired by K<strong>in</strong>g Gyanendra as K<strong>in</strong>g be nationalized.<br />
Exist<strong>in</strong>g judges rema<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> office and cont<strong>in</strong>ued <strong>to</strong> hear cases but had <strong>to</strong> take a new<br />
oath of office under the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong>. Any judge who refused would lose his<br />
or her job. There must be gradual reforms <strong>in</strong> courts <strong>to</strong> make the system, “<strong>in</strong>dependent,<br />
clean, impartial and competent". Exist<strong>in</strong>g constitutional bodies would cont<strong>in</strong>ue.<br />
The Human Rights Commission would cont<strong>in</strong>ue until a new one was set up under<br />
the <strong>Constitution</strong>. All exist<strong>in</strong>g laws would cont<strong>in</strong>ue. But any laws that are not<br />
consistent with the <strong>Constitution</strong> cease <strong>to</strong> be valid after three months – but if only<br />
part of a law is <strong>in</strong>consistent then only that part is <strong>in</strong>valid.<br />
Part 24 def<strong>in</strong>es a few words that are used <strong>in</strong> the <strong>Constitution</strong>. Chapter 25 says that<br />
the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> must be passed by the House of Representatives and<br />
approved by the new Legislature Parliament (which happened on January 15 2007).<br />
And the 1990 <strong>Constitution</strong> ceases <strong>to</strong> exist.<br />
The <strong>Constitution</strong> also has some Schedules. The first gives details of the national<br />
flag. One gives the text of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement and another the text<br />
of the Agreement on Arms Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
34
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu @# df ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Joj:yfaf/] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Joj:yf eg]sf] b]zdf gofF<br />
kl/l:ylt / gofF ;+ljwfg ePsf]n] ug{}kg]{ s]xL s'/f x'g\ . d"n ¿kdf o;df pNn]v ul/Psf] lyof] M<br />
;/sf/sf ;Gbe{df /fhf;Fu s'g} zlQm 5}gÙ / /fi6«sf] zf;g Joj:yf;DaGwL ;a} clwsf/ k|wfgdGqLdf<br />
lglxt 5 . jf:tjdf @)^$ ;fn k';df cGtl/d ;+ljwfg t];|f] k6s ;+zf]wg ul/Fbf ;+ljwfg;efaf6<br />
u0ftGqsf] sfof{Gjog gx'Fbf;Ddsf nflu k|wfgdGqLnfO{ /fi6« k|d'v agfOof] . cGttM ;+ljwfg;efsf]<br />
klxnf] a}7saf6 /fhf x6fOP . :juL{o /fhf jL/]Gb|, /fgL P]Zjo{ / lghx¿sf ;DklQx¿ g]kfn ;/sf/sf]<br />
dftxtdf NofO{ 6«i6 agfP/ /fi6«lxtdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yfsf ;fy} /fhf 1fg]Gb|nfO{ k|fKt ePsf<br />
;a} ;DklQx¿ /fli6«os/0f ul/g] k|fjwfg rf}yf] ;+zf]wgdf /flvof] . of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePkl5 axfn<br />
/x]sf GofofwLzx¿ kbdf sfod} /xL cfˆgf sfd hf/L /fv] t/ cGtl/d ;+ljwfg cGtu{t gofF ;ky<br />
u|x0f eg] ug{'k¥of] . ;ky u|x0f ug{ c:jLsf/ ug]{ GofofwLz :jtM cfˆgf] kbaf6 d'Qm x'g] Joj:yf<br />
ul/of] . GofokflnsfnfO{ …:jtGq, :jR5, lgikIf / ;anÚ agfpg Gofo If]qnfO{ qmdzM ;'wf/ ub}{<br />
n}hfg'kg]{5 . of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbf ljBdfg ;+j}wflgs lgsfox¿ sfod /xg]5g\ . of] ;+ljwfg cg'¿k<br />
Joj:yf ul/Psf] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u u7g geP;Dd ljBdfg /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u<br />
sfod /xg]5 . ljBdfg ;a} sfg'gx¿ sfod /xg]5g\ t/ ;+ljwfg;Fu aflemg] sfg'gx¿ of] ;+ljwfg<br />
k|f/De ePsf] tLg dlxgfkl5 :jtM cdfGo x'g]5g\ .<br />
efu @$ df ;+ljwfgdf k|of]u ePsf s]xL zAbsf] kl/efiff /flvPsf] 5 . efu @% df cGtl/d<br />
;+ljwfgnfO{ k|ltlglw;efn] hf/L u/L Joj:yflksf–;+;b\n] cg'df]bg ug]{5 eGg] s'/f pNn]v 5 . g]kfn<br />
clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg–@)$& vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .<br />
;+ljwfgdf s]xL cg';"rL Kflg ;+nUg ul/Psf 5g\ . klxnf] cg';"rLn] /fli6«o em08faf/] lj:t[t ljj/0f<br />
k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . c¿ cg';"rLdWo] Pp6fdf lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tf tyf csf]{df xl<strong>to</strong>f/ / ;]gf<br />
Joj:yfkgsf] cg'udg ;Demf}tfsf] kf7 /x]sf] 5 .<br />
35
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
SOME COMMENTS ON THE TRANSLATION<br />
Occasionally we have decided <strong>to</strong> put <strong>in</strong> square brackets the orig<strong>in</strong>al <strong>Nepal</strong>i word <strong>in</strong><br />
transliterated form. One of these words is Janajati, which means a member of an ethnic<br />
group. It is used <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> <strong>to</strong> mean a person who is not a Bahun (Brahm<strong>in</strong>) or Chhetri,<br />
a Dalit or a member of the Madhesi community. Even the last is perhaps disputed<br />
because sometimes Madhesis class the Tharu community as be<strong>in</strong>g "Madhesi" but the<br />
Tharus themselves may <strong>in</strong>sist that they are <strong>to</strong> be identified as Janajati. Usually the<br />
word Janajati appears l<strong>in</strong>ked <strong>to</strong> the word Adivasi. That word means "<strong>in</strong>digenous<br />
ethnic group". It is not for us <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>terpret the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong>, as opposed <strong>to</strong><br />
translat<strong>in</strong>g it. So we have put <strong>in</strong> brackets after an attempted translation whatever word<br />
or words is/are <strong>in</strong> the orig<strong>in</strong>al - usually Adivasi Janajati.<br />
Similarly we have <strong>in</strong>dicated <strong>in</strong> brackets the use of the word kamaiyas or haliyas. These<br />
are both types of bonded labourers. The words are often used <strong>in</strong> English and simply <strong>to</strong><br />
translate them as "bonded labourers" or as "tillers" would not convey the full nature of<br />
the <strong>Nepal</strong>i text. Aga<strong>in</strong> we have <strong>in</strong>dicated <strong>in</strong> brackets the use of the phrase "Haruwa<br />
Charuwa". This is described on the website of Community Self Reliance Centre thus:<br />
"Haruwa is a system of hir<strong>in</strong>g people for agriculture work with exploitative wages and<br />
Charuwa is a system of hir<strong>in</strong>g people for graz<strong>in</strong>g cattle of the landlords with exploitative<br />
wages."*<br />
We encountered someth<strong>in</strong>g of a problem with the Comprehensive Peace Agreement<br />
and the Agreement on Arms Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g which are appended <strong>to</strong> the <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
The English text of the latter is the authentic text, so we should not change it. But once<br />
or twice the English is quite frankly nonsense. In that case we have put what we<br />
believe <strong>to</strong> be a more rational word <strong>in</strong> square brackets. You will f<strong>in</strong>d this <strong>in</strong> the Preamble<br />
("progressive political outlet [solution]") and <strong>in</strong> clause 4.1.2 ("Unsuitable [Unstable]<br />
devices").<br />
The <strong>Constitution</strong> is <strong>in</strong>tended <strong>to</strong> implement the Comprehensive Peace Agreement.<br />
However we have not systematically compared the English text of the <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
with the official translation of the CAP. Thus sometimes the two documents may slightly<br />
differ. We have made a few m<strong>in</strong>or changes <strong>to</strong> the CPA translation - errors of usage or<br />
even perhaps typographical errors <strong>in</strong> the orig<strong>in</strong>al. Here aga<strong>in</strong> we have <strong>in</strong> a few <strong>in</strong>stances<br />
suggested a preferred word <strong>in</strong> square brackets. In <strong>Nepal</strong>i it is unnecessary <strong>to</strong> set out<br />
"his or her" etc – possessives are neutral <strong>in</strong> terms of gender. In this translation we have<br />
chosen <strong>to</strong> use the clumsy "his/her" etc, or the ungrammatical "their", <strong>to</strong> avoid gender<br />
specific language.<br />
F<strong>in</strong>ally, non-readers of <strong>Nepal</strong>i are requested <strong>to</strong> bear <strong>in</strong> m<strong>in</strong>d that (apart from the Arms<br />
Agreement) the only legally b<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g version is the <strong>Nepal</strong>i, and no phrases that might<br />
be familiar from other systems of law should be assumed <strong>to</strong> bear the same legal mean<strong>in</strong>g<br />
or have the same legal effect as they would <strong>in</strong> an English language statute.<br />
36<br />
* See http://www.csrcnepal.org/issues.htm. "Kamaiya" and "Haliya" are also briefly expla<strong>in</strong>ed.
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
INDICATING CHANGES MADE IN THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION<br />
The Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> as published here <strong>in</strong>cludes the changes made by the eight<br />
amend<strong>in</strong>g Acts:<br />
• the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (First Amendment), 2063 Chaitra 30 (April 13, 2007)<br />
• the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Second Amendment), 2064 Jestha 30 (June 13, 2007)<br />
• the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Third Amendment) 2064 Paush 13 (December 28, 2007).<br />
• the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008)<br />
• the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fifth Amendment) 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008)<br />
• the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Sixth Amendment) 2065 Mangsir 26 (December 11, 2008)<br />
• the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Seventh Amendment) 2066 Magh 17 (January 31, 2010)<br />
• the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Eighth Amendment) 2067 Jestha 14 (May 28, 2010)<br />
We have <strong>in</strong>dicated what those changes were <strong>in</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g ways:<br />
• by means of a footnote <strong>in</strong>dicat<strong>in</strong>g by which amendment the change was made<br />
(and <strong>in</strong>dicat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the footnote what the orig<strong>in</strong>al word<strong>in</strong>g was)<br />
• by embolden<strong>in</strong>g changes made <strong>in</strong> the first amendment<br />
• embolden<strong>in</strong>g and underl<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g changes made by the second amendment<br />
• us<strong>in</strong>g italics changes made by the third amendment.<br />
• us<strong>in</strong>g emboldened and italics changes made by the fourth amendment.<br />
• us<strong>in</strong>g emboldened, italics and underl<strong>in</strong>ed changes made by the fifth amendment.<br />
• us<strong>in</strong>g italics and t<strong>in</strong>ted changes made by the sixth amendment.<br />
• us<strong>in</strong>g t<strong>in</strong>ted, embolden<strong>in</strong>g, italics and underl<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g changes made by the seventh<br />
amendment.<br />
• us<strong>in</strong>g underl<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g changes made by the eighth amendment.<br />
cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf ePsf ;+zf]wgaf/] hfgsf/L<br />
of] k':ts k|sflzt x' Fbf;Dd cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf cf7 j6f ;+zf]wg ePsf 5g\ M<br />
• g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ – @)^# ;fn r}t #) ut]<br />
• g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_ – @)^$ ;fn h]7 #) ut]<br />
• g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_ – @)^$ ;fn k'; !# ut]<br />
• g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_ – @)^% ;fn h]7 !^ ut]<br />
• g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf}F ;+zf]wg_ – @)^% ;fn c;f/ @* ut]<br />
• g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -5}7f}F ;+zf]wg_ – @)^% ;fn dª\l;/ @^ ut]<br />
• g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -;ftf}F ;+zf]wg_ – @)^^ ;fn df3 !& ut]<br />
• g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -cf7f}F ;+zf]wg_ – @)^& ;fn h]7 !$ ut]<br />
xfdLn] tL ;+zf]wgnfO{ lgDgfg';f/ ;Í]t u/]sf 5f}+ M<br />
• s'g ;+zf]wgdf s] s] s'/f ;+zf]wg ePsf] 5 eGg] s'/f kfbl6Kk0fL (footnote) df pNn]v -/,<br />
kfbl6Kk0fLdf klxn]sf] Joj:yf ;d]t pNn]v_ u/]/,<br />
• klxnf] ;+zf]wgsf kf7x¿nfO{ uf9f sfnf cIf/ (embold<strong>in</strong>g) df /fv]/,<br />
• bf];|f] ;+zf]wgsf kf7x¿nfO{ uf9f sfnf cIf/df tnaf6 wsf]{ (embold<strong>in</strong>g and<br />
underl<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g) lbP/,<br />
• t];|f] ;+zf]wgsf kf7x¿nfO{ 58\s] (italics) df /fv]/,<br />
• rf}yf] ;+zf]wgsf kf7x¿nfO{ uf9f sfnf cIf/df 58\s] (italics) df /fv]/,<br />
• kfFrf} + ;+zf]wgsf kf7x¿nfO{ uf9f sfnf cIf/ / 58\s] (italics) tyf tnaf6 wsf]{ lbP/,<br />
• 5}7f}+ ;+zf]wgsf kf7x¿nfO{ lkmSsf cIf/df 58\s] (italics) kf/]/,<br />
• ;ftf}+ ;+zf]wgsf] kf7x?nfO{ uf9f lkmSsf cIf/df 58\s] (italics) kf/]/ tnaf6 wsf]{ lbP/<br />
• cf7f}F ;+zf]wgsf] kf7nfO{ tnaf6 wsf]{ lbP/ (underl<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g)<br />
37
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION<br />
OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
AS AMENDED BY THE FIRST TO EIGHTH<br />
AMENDMENTS
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d<br />
;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
klxnf]b]lv cf7f}F ;+zf]wg;lxt
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
TABLE OF CONTENTS<br />
Preamble 54<br />
Part 1 Prelim<strong>in</strong>ary 56<br />
1. <strong>Constitution</strong> as the fundamental law 56<br />
2. Sovereignty and state authority 56<br />
3. Nation 56<br />
4. State of <strong>Nepal</strong> 56<br />
5. Language of the nation 56<br />
6. National flag 58<br />
7. National anthem etc 58<br />
Part 2 Citizenship 60<br />
8. Citizenship at the commencement of the <strong>Constitution</strong> 60<br />
9. Naturalized or honorary citizenship 62<br />
10. Acquisition and term<strong>in</strong>ation of citizenship 62<br />
11. Citizenship team <strong>to</strong> be assigned 62<br />
Part 3 Fundamental Rights 64<br />
12. Right <strong>to</strong> freedom 64<br />
13. Right <strong>to</strong> equality 66<br />
14. Right aga<strong>in</strong>st un<strong>to</strong>uchability and racial discrim<strong>in</strong>ation 66<br />
15. Rights regard<strong>in</strong>g publication, broadcast<strong>in</strong>g and press 68<br />
16. Rights regard<strong>in</strong>g environment and health 70<br />
17. Education and cultural rights 70<br />
18. Rights regard<strong>in</strong>g employment and social security 70<br />
19. Right <strong>to</strong> property 70<br />
20. Rights of women 72<br />
21. Right <strong>to</strong> social justice 72<br />
22. Rights of children 72<br />
40
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
ljifo ;"rL<br />
k|:tfjgf %%<br />
efu ! k|f/lDes %&<br />
!= ;+ljwfg d"n sfg"g %&<br />
@= ;fj{ef}d;Qf / /fhsLo;Qf %&<br />
#= /fi6 %&<br />
$= g]kfn /fHo %&<br />
%= /fi6« efiff %&<br />
^= /fli6«o em08f %(<br />
&= /fli6«o ufg OToflb %(<br />
efu @ gful/stf ^!<br />
*= ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avtsf] gful/stf ^!<br />
(= c+uLs[t jf ;Ddfgfy{ gful/stf ^#<br />
!)= gful/stfsf] k|flKt / ;dflKt ^#<br />
!!= gful/stf 6f]nL v6fOg] ^#<br />
efu # df}lns xs ^%<br />
!@= :jtGqtfsf] xs ^%<br />
!#= ;dfgtfsf] xs ^&<br />
!$= 5'jf5't tyf hftLo e]befj lj?4sf] xs ^&<br />
!%= k|sfzg, k|;f/0f tyf 5fkfvfgf ;DaGwL xs ^(<br />
!^= jftfj/0f tyf :jf:Yo ;DaGwL xs &!<br />
!&= lzIff tyf ;+:s[lt ;DaGwL xs &!<br />
!*= /f]huf/L tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff ;DaGwL xs &!<br />
!(= ;DklQsf] xs &!<br />
@)= dlxnfsf] xs &#<br />
@!= ;fdflhs Gofosf] xs &#<br />
@@= afnaflnsfsf] xs &#<br />
41
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
23. Right <strong>to</strong> religion 74<br />
24. Rights regard<strong>in</strong>g justice 74<br />
25. Right aga<strong>in</strong>st preventive detention 76<br />
26. Right aga<strong>in</strong>st <strong>to</strong>rture 76<br />
27. Right <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>formation 76<br />
28. Right <strong>to</strong> privacy 78<br />
29. Right aga<strong>in</strong>st exploitation 78<br />
30. Right Regard<strong>in</strong>g labour 78<br />
31. Right aga<strong>in</strong>st exile 78<br />
32. Right <strong>to</strong> constitutional remedy 78<br />
Part 4 Responsibilities, Directive Pr<strong>in</strong>ciples and Policies of the State 80<br />
33. Responsibilities of the State 80<br />
34. Directive Pr<strong>in</strong>ciples of the State 84<br />
35. State policies 86<br />
36. Questions not <strong>to</strong> be raised <strong>in</strong> court 92<br />
Part (4A) The President and Vice-President 94<br />
36A. President 94<br />
36B. Election of the President 94<br />
36C. Term of the President 94<br />
36D. Qualification of the President 94<br />
36E. Vacancy <strong>in</strong> office of President 96<br />
36F. Oath 96<br />
36G. Vice-President 96<br />
36H. Vacancy <strong>in</strong> office of the Vice-President 96<br />
36I. Other Provisions regard<strong>in</strong>g the Vice-President 98<br />
36J. Remuneration and other benefits of the President and the Vice-President 98<br />
36k. Secretariat of the President and Vice-Presidnet 98<br />
Part 5 The Executive 100<br />
37. Executive power 100<br />
38. <strong>Constitution</strong> of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters 100<br />
39. State M<strong>in</strong>isters and Assistant M<strong>in</strong>isters 104<br />
40. Appo<strong>in</strong>tment of non-member of Legislature-Parliament as M<strong>in</strong>ister 104<br />
41. Remuneration and other benefits 104<br />
42. Oath 104<br />
43. Conduct of bus<strong>in</strong>ess of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> 104<br />
44. The Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters after the formation of Constituent Assembly106<br />
42
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
@#= wd{ ;DaGwL xs &%<br />
@$= Gofo ;DaGwL xs &%<br />
@%= lgjf/s gh/aGb lj?4sf] xs &&<br />
@^= oftgf lj?4sf] xs &&<br />
@&= ;"rgfsf] xs &&<br />
@*= uf]kgLotfsf] xs &(<br />
@(= zf]if0f lj?4sf] xs &(<br />
#)= >d ;DaGwL xs &(<br />
#!= b]z lgsfnf lj?4sf] xs &(<br />
#@= ;+j}wflgs pkrf/sf] xs &(<br />
efu $ /fHosf] bfloTj, lgb]{zs l;4fGt tyf gLltx¿ *!<br />
##= /fHosf] bfloTj *!<br />
#$= /fHosf lgb]{zs l;4fGtx¿ *%<br />
#%= /fHosf gLltx¿ *&<br />
#^= cbfntdf k|Zg p7fpg g;lsg] (#<br />
efu $s= /fi6«klt tyf pk–/fi6«klt (%<br />
#^s= /fi6«klt (%<br />
#^v= /fi6«kltsf] lgjf{rg (%<br />
#^u= /fi6«kltsf] kbfjlw (%<br />
#^3= /fi6«kltsf] of]Uotf (%<br />
#^ª= /fi6«kltsf] kb d'Qm x'g] cj:yf (&<br />
#^r= /fi6«kltsf] zky (&<br />
#^5= pk/fi6«klt (&<br />
#^h= pk/fi6«klt kbd'Qm x'g] cj:yf (&<br />
#^em= pk/fi6«klt ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf (&<br />
#^`= /fi6«klt / pk/fi6«kltsf] kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf ((<br />
#^6= /fi6«klt tyf pk/fi6«kltsf] sfof{no ((<br />
efu % sfo{kflnsf !)!<br />
#&= sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ !)!<br />
#*= dlGqkl/ifb\sf] u7g !)!<br />
#(= /fHo dGqL / ;xfos dGqL !)%<br />
$)= Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;b:o gePsf] JolQm dGqL kbdf lgo'Qm x'g ;Sg] !)%<br />
$!= kfl/>lds tyf cGo ;'ljwfx¿ !)%<br />
$@= zky !)%<br />
$#= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] sfo{ ;~rfng !)%<br />
$$= ;+ljwfg ;efsf] u7g ePkl5sf] dlGqkl/ifb\ !)&<br />
43
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Part 6 Legislature-Parliament 108<br />
#<br />
45. <strong>Constitution</strong> of Legislature-Parliament 108<br />
#<br />
46. Qualifications for membership 110<br />
#<br />
47. Decision as <strong>to</strong> disqualification of members 110<br />
#<br />
48. Vacation of seat 110<br />
#<br />
49. Oath 110<br />
50. Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislature-Parliament 112<br />
51. Summon<strong>in</strong>g and prorogation of sessions 112<br />
52. Address by the Presidnet 114<br />
53. Quorum 114<br />
54. Transaction of bus<strong>in</strong>ess <strong>in</strong> case of vacancy <strong>in</strong> membership 114<br />
55. Vot<strong>in</strong>g 114<br />
55A. Vote of confidence 116<br />
56. Privileges 116<br />
57. Procedure relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the conduct of bus<strong>in</strong>ess 118<br />
57A Opposition Party 118<br />
58. Committees 120<br />
59. Constituent Assembly <strong>to</strong> exercise the powers of the Legislature-Parliament 120<br />
60. Restriction on discussion 120<br />
61. Secretariat of Legislature-Parliament 120<br />
61A. The Secretary General and Secretary of Legislature-Parliament 122<br />
62. Remuneration 122<br />
Part 7 Constituent Assembly 124<br />
63. Formation of the Constituent Assembly 124<br />
64. Term of the Constituent Assembly 128<br />
65. Qualifications of the members 128<br />
66. Decision about disqualification of members 130<br />
67. Vacation of seat of a member 130<br />
68. Oath of members 130<br />
69. Meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Constituent Assembly 130<br />
70. Procedure for pass<strong>in</strong>g a Bill relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the <strong>Constitution</strong> 132<br />
71. Chairperson and Vice Chairperson of the Constituent Assembly 134<br />
72. Vacation of the office of Chairperson and Vice Chairperson 134<br />
73. Quorum 136<br />
74. Proceed<strong>in</strong>gs of the Constituent Assembly when the Position<br />
of a member is Vacant 136<br />
75. Vot<strong>in</strong>g 136<br />
76. Penalty for unauthorized presence or vot<strong>in</strong>g 136<br />
#<br />
Articles 45, 46, 47, 48 and 49 removed by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fifth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
44
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
]<br />
efu ^ Joj:yflksf–;+;b !)(<br />
#<br />
$%= Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] u7g !)(<br />
#<br />
$^= ;b:osf nflu of]Uotf !!!<br />
#<br />
$&= ;b:osf] cof]Uotf ;DaGwL lg0f{o !!!<br />
#<br />
$*= :yfg l/Qmtf !!!<br />
#<br />
$(= zky !!!<br />
%)= Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;efd'v / pk–;efd'v !!#<br />
%!= clwj]zgsf] cfJxfg / cGt !!#<br />
%@= /fi6«kltaf6 ;Daf]wg !!%<br />
%#= u0fk"/s ;ª\Vof !!%<br />
%$= ;b:osf] :yfg l/Qm /x]sf] cj:yfdf a}7ssf] sfo{ ;~rfng !!%<br />
%%= dtbfg !!%<br />
%%s= ljZjf;sf] dt !!&<br />
%^= ljz]ifflwsf/ !!&<br />
%&= sfo{ ;~rfng ljlw !!(<br />
%&s= ljkIfL bn !!(<br />
%*= ;ldlt !@!<br />
%(= ;+ljwfg ;efn] Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug{<br />
!@!<br />
^)= ax;df jGb]h !@!<br />
^!= Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;lrjfno !@!<br />
^!=s Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] dxf;lrj / ;lrj !@#<br />
^@= kfl/>lds !@#<br />
]<br />
efu & ;+ljwfg ;ef !@%<br />
^#= ;+ljwfg ;efsf] u7g !@%<br />
^$= ;+ljwfg ;efsf] sfo{sfn !@(<br />
^%= ;b:osf] of]Uotf !@(<br />
^^= ;b:osf] cof]Uotf ;DaGwL k|Zgsf] lg0f{o !#!<br />
^&= ;b:osf] :yfgsf] l/Qmtf !#!<br />
^*= ;b:osf] zky !#!<br />
^(= ;+ljwfg ;efsf] a}7s !#!<br />
&)= ;+ljwfgsf] ljw]os kfl/t ug{ ljlw !##<br />
&!= ;+ljwfg ;efsf cWoIf / pkfWoIf !#%<br />
&@= cWoIf / pkfWoIfsf] :yfg l/Qmtf !#%<br />
&#= u0fk"/s ;ª\Vof !#&<br />
&$= ;b:osf] :yfg l/Qm /x]sf] cj:yfdf ;+ljwfg ;efsf] sfo{ ;~rfng !#&<br />
&%= dtbfg !#&<br />
&^= cglws[t pkl:yt ePdf jf dtbfg u/]df ;hfo x'g] !#&<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} + ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -c;f/ @*, @)^%_ åf/f wf/f $%, $^, $&, $* / $( x6fOPsf] .<br />
45
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
77. Privileges 138<br />
78. Procedure relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the conduct of bus<strong>in</strong>ess 140<br />
79. Committees 140<br />
80. Secretariat of the Constituent Assembly 140<br />
81. Remuneration 140<br />
82. Dissolution of the Constituent Assembly 142<br />
83. Act<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the capacity of Legislature-Parliament 142<br />
Part 8 Legislative Procedure 144<br />
84. Authority <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>troduce a Bill 144<br />
85. Procedure for passage of Bills 146<br />
86. Withdrawal of the Bill 146<br />
87. Certification of the Bill 146<br />
88. Ord<strong>in</strong>ances 148<br />
Part 9 F<strong>in</strong>ancial Procedure 150<br />
89. No tax <strong>to</strong> be levied or loan <strong>to</strong> be raised except <strong>in</strong> accordance with law 150<br />
90. Consolidated Fund 150<br />
91. Expenditures from the Consolidated Fund or a Government Fund 150<br />
92. Expenditure chargeable on the Consolidated Fund 150<br />
93. Estimates of revenues and expenditure 152<br />
94. Appropriation Act 152<br />
95. Supplementary estimates 154<br />
96. Votes on Account 154<br />
96A. Special arrangements regard<strong>in</strong>g revenue and expenditure 154<br />
97. Votes of Credit 156<br />
98. Cont<strong>in</strong>gency Fund 156<br />
99. Act relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> f<strong>in</strong>ancial procedures 156<br />
Part 10 Judiciary 158<br />
100. Courts <strong>to</strong> exercise powers related <strong>to</strong> justice 158<br />
101. Courts 158<br />
102. Supreme Court 158<br />
103. Appo<strong>in</strong>tment and qualifications of Judges of the Supreme Court 160<br />
104. Conditions of service and privileges of the Chief Justice and Judges 160<br />
105. Removal of the Chief Justice and Judges of the Supreme Court 162<br />
106. Chief Justice or Judges not <strong>to</strong> be engaged <strong>in</strong> any other assignment 162<br />
107. Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court 164<br />
46
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]<br />
&&= ljz]ifflwsf/ !#(<br />
&*= sfo{ ;~rfng ljlw !$!<br />
&(= ;ldlt !$!<br />
*)= ;+ljwfg ;efsf] ;lrjfno !$!<br />
*!= kfl/>lds !$!<br />
*@= ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lj36g !$#<br />
*#= Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] x}l;otdf sfd ug{<br />
!$#<br />
{<br />
efu * Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlw !$%<br />
*$= ljw]os k|:t't ug{ ;Sg] !$%<br />
*%= ljw]os kfl/t ug] ljlw !$&<br />
*^= ljw]os lkmtf{ lng] !$&<br />
*&= ljw]ossf] k|df0fLs/0f !$&<br />
**= cWofb]z !$(<br />
efu ( cfly{s sfo{ k|0ffnL !%!<br />
*(= sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s s/ nufpg jf C0f lng gkfOg] !%!<br />
()= ;l~rt sf]if !%!<br />
(!= ;l~rt sf]if jf ;/sf/L sf]ifaf6 Joo !%!<br />
(@= ;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/ !%!<br />
(#= /fh:j / Joosf] cg'dfg !%#<br />
($= ljlgof]hg P]g !%#<br />
(%= k"/s cg'dfg !%%<br />
(^= k]:sL vr{ !%%<br />
(^s= /fh:j / Joo ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf !%%<br />
(&= pwf/f] vr{ !%&<br />
(*= cfsl:ds sf]if !%&<br />
((= cfly{s sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL P]g !%&<br />
efu !) Gofokflnsf !%(<br />
!))= Gofo ;DaGwL clwsf/ cbfntaf6 k|of]u x'g] !%(<br />
!)!= cbfntx¿ !%(<br />
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!)#= ;jf] {Rr cbfntsf GofofwLzx¿sf] lgo'lQm / of]Uotf<br />
!^!<br />
!)$= k|wfg GofofwLz tyf GofofwLzsf] ;]jfsf zt{ tyf ;'ljwf !^!<br />
!)%= k|wfg GofofwLz tyf ;jf{ ]Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz kb d'Qm x'g]<br />
!^#<br />
!)^= k|wfg GofofwLz tyf GofofwLznfO{ cGo s'g} kbdf sfddf nufpg gx'g] !^#<br />
!)&= ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] clwsf/ If]q !^%<br />
47
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
108. Establishment, management and jurisdiction of<br />
Appellate Courts and District Courts 166<br />
109. Appo<strong>in</strong>tment, qualifications and conditions of service and<br />
Privileges of the Judges of Appellate Courts and Districts Courts 166<br />
110. Judges of the Appellate Court and District Court not <strong>to</strong> be<br />
transferred <strong>to</strong>, or engaged <strong>in</strong> any other assignment 170<br />
111. Transfer of cases 170<br />
112. Responsibility of the Chief Justice 170<br />
113. Judicial Council 172<br />
114. Judicial Service Commission 174<br />
115. Duty <strong>to</strong> extend cooperation <strong>to</strong> the courts 174<br />
116. Orders and decisions of courts <strong>to</strong> be b<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g 174<br />
117. Annual report 176<br />
118. Constituent Assembly Court 176<br />
Part 11 Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority 178<br />
119. Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority 178<br />
120. Functions, duties and powers of the Commission for the<br />
Investigation of Abuse of Authority 180<br />
121. Annual report 182<br />
Part 12 Audi<strong>to</strong>r General 184<br />
122. Audi<strong>to</strong>r General 184<br />
123. Functions, duties and powers of the Audi<strong>to</strong>r General 186<br />
124. Annual report 188<br />
Part 13 Public Service Commission 190<br />
125. Public Service Commission 190<br />
126. Functions, duties and powers of the Public Service Commission 192<br />
127. Annual report 196<br />
Part 14 Election Commission 198<br />
128. Election Commission 198<br />
129. Functions, duties and powers of the Election Commission 200<br />
130. The Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> <strong>to</strong> provide necessary employees <strong>to</strong><br />
the Election Commission 202<br />
48
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
!)*= k'g/fj]bg cbfnt tyf lhNnf cbfntsf] :yfkgf, Joj:yf / clwsf/ If]q !^&<br />
!)(= k'g/fj]bg cbfnt / lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] lgo'lQm, of]Uotf<br />
/ ;]jfsf zt{ tyf ;'ljwfx¿ !^&<br />
!!)= k'g/fj]bg cbfnt tyf lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLznfO{ cGo<br />
s'g} kbdf ;?jf ug{ jf sfddf nufpg gx'g]<br />
!&!<br />
!!!= d'2f ;fg{ ;Sg] !&!<br />
!!@= k|wfg GofofwLzsf] lhDd]jf/L !&!<br />
!!#= Gofo kl/ifb\ !&#<br />
!!$= Gofo ;]jf cfof]u !&%<br />
!!%= cbfntnfO{ ;xof]u ug'{ kg]{ !&%<br />
!!^= cbfntsf] cfb]z / lg0f{onfO{ dfGg' kg{] !&%<br />
!!&= jflif{s k|ltj]bg !&&<br />
!!*= ;+ljwfg ;ef ;DaGwL cbfnt !&&<br />
efu !! clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u<br />
!&(<br />
!!(= clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u !&(<br />
!@)= clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ !*!<br />
!@!= jflif{s k|ltj]bg !*#<br />
efu !@ dxfn]vfk/LIfs !*%<br />
!@@= dxfn]vfk/LIfs !*%<br />
!@#= dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ !*&<br />
!@$= jflif{s k|ltj]bg !*(<br />
efu !# nf]s ;]jf cfof]u !(!<br />
!@%= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u !(!<br />
!@^= nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ !(#<br />
!@&= jflif{s k|ltj]bg !(&<br />
]<br />
efu !$ lgjf{rg cfof]u !((<br />
!@*= lgjf{rg cfof]u !((<br />
!@(= lgjf{rg cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ @)!<br />
!#)= g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{ cfjZos sd{rf/L pknAw u/fpg' kg{ @)#<br />
49
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Part 15 National Human Rights Commission 204<br />
131. National Human Rights Commission 204<br />
132. Functions, duties and powers of the National<br />
Human Rights Commission 206<br />
133. Annual report 210<br />
Part 16 At<strong>to</strong>rney General 212<br />
134. Appo<strong>in</strong>tment of the At<strong>to</strong>rney General 212<br />
135. Functions, duties and powers of the At<strong>to</strong>rney General 212<br />
136. Annual report 214<br />
137. Power <strong>to</strong> appear <strong>in</strong> the Legislature-Parliament 214<br />
Part 17 Structure of State and Local Self governance 216<br />
138. Progressive restructur<strong>in</strong>g of the State 216<br />
139. Provision for local self governance 216<br />
140. Mobilization and management of revenue 218<br />
Part 18 Political Parties 220<br />
141. Prohibition on the imposition of restrictions on political parties 220<br />
142. Registration required for secur<strong>in</strong>g recognition for the purpose of<br />
contest<strong>in</strong>g elections as a political party 220<br />
Part 19 Emergency Powers 224<br />
143. Emergency powers 224<br />
Part 20 Provisions Regard<strong>in</strong>g the Army 228<br />
144. Formation of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army 228<br />
145. National Defence Council 230<br />
146. Transitional provision for the combatants 232<br />
147. Management and moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g 232<br />
Part 21 Amendment of the <strong>Constitution</strong> 234<br />
148. Amendment of the <strong>Constitution</strong> 234<br />
Part 22 Miscellaneous 236<br />
149. <strong>Constitution</strong>al Council 236<br />
150. <strong>Nepal</strong>i ambassadors and emissaries 236<br />
151. Pardon 238<br />
152. Titles, honours, and decorations 238<br />
153. <strong>Constitution</strong> of the Government Service 238<br />
50
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu !% /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u<br />
@)%<br />
!#!= /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u @)%<br />
!#@= /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ @)&<br />
!##= jflif{s k|ltj]bg @!!<br />
efu !^ dxfGofoflwjQmf<br />
@!#<br />
!#$= dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] lgo'lQm @!#<br />
!#%= dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ @!#<br />
!#^= jflif{s k|ltj]bg @!%<br />
!#&= Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf pkl:yt x'g kfpg] @!%<br />
efu !& /fHosf] 9f“rf / :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g<br />
@!&<br />
!#*= /fHosf] cu|ufdL k'g;{+/rgf @!&<br />
!#(= :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;gsf] Joj:yf @!&<br />
!$)= /fhZj kl/rfng / Joj:yf @!(<br />
efu !* /fhg}lts bnx¿<br />
@@!<br />
!$!= /fhg}lts bnnfO{ k|ltjGw nufpg aGb]h @@!<br />
!$@= /fhg}lts bnsf] ¿kdf lgjf{rgsf] nflu dfGotf k|fKt ug{ btf{ u/fpg' kg{] @@!<br />
efu !( ;+s6sfnLg clwsf/<br />
@@%<br />
!$#= ;+s6sfnLg clwsf/ @@%<br />
efu @) ;]gf ;DaGwL Joj:yf<br />
@@(<br />
!$$= g]kfnL ;]gfsf] u7g @@(<br />
!$%= /fli6«o ;'/Iff kl/ifb\ @#!<br />
!$^= n8fs'x¿sf] ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Joj:yf @##<br />
!$&= Joj:yfkg / cg'udg @##<br />
efu @! ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg<br />
@#%<br />
!$*= ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg @#%<br />
efu @@ ljljw<br />
@#&<br />
!$(= ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\ @#&<br />
!%)= g]kfnL /fhb"t / ljz]if k|ltlglw @#&<br />
!%!= dfkmL @#(<br />
!%@= pkflw, ;Ddfg / lje"if0f @#(<br />
!%#= ;/sf/L ;]jfsf] u7g @#(<br />
51
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
154. Formation of Commissions 238<br />
154A Constituency Delimitation Commission 238<br />
155. Hear<strong>in</strong>g for the officials of constitutional bodies and<br />
provisions regard<strong>in</strong>g citizenship 244<br />
156. Ratification of, accession <strong>to</strong>, acceptance of or<br />
approval of treaties or agreements 244<br />
157. Decision could be made through referendum 246<br />
158. Power <strong>to</strong> remove difficulties 246<br />
Part 23 Transitional Provisions 248<br />
159. Property <strong>to</strong> be kept <strong>in</strong> a Trust 248<br />
160. Provisions regard<strong>in</strong>g the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters 252<br />
161. Provisions regard<strong>in</strong>g the Legislature-Parliament 252<br />
162. Provisions regard<strong>in</strong>g the Judiciary 252<br />
163. Provisions regard<strong>in</strong>g constitutional bodies and officials thereof 254<br />
164. Exist<strong>in</strong>g laws <strong>to</strong> rema<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> operation 254<br />
Part 24 Def<strong>in</strong>itions 256<br />
165. Def<strong>in</strong>itions 256<br />
Part 25 Short Title, Commencement and abrogation 258<br />
166. Short title and commencement 258<br />
167. Abrogation 258<br />
Schedule-1 (Relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> Article 6) National Flag 260<br />
Scedule-1A (Relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> clause 2 of Article 36F and Article 36I) 266<br />
Schedule-3 Relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> clause (2) of Article 166 270<br />
Schedule-4 (Relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> Clause (3) of Article 166) 272<br />
Comprehensive Peace Accord Concluded Between the Government<br />
of <strong>Nepal</strong> and the Communist Party of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Maoist) 272<br />
Agreement on Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g of the Management of Arms and Armies 8<br />
December 2006 304<br />
52
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
!%$= cfof]usf] u7g @#(<br />
!%$s= lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]u<br />
@#(<br />
!%%= ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] ;'g'jfO / gful/stf ;DaGwL Joj:yf @$%<br />
!%^= ;lGw jf ;Demf}tfsf] cg'df]bg, ;lDdng, :jLs[lt jf ;dy{g @$%<br />
!%&= hgdt ;+u|xaf6 lg0f{o ug{ ;lsg] @$%<br />
!%*= afwf c8\sfp k'msfpg] clwsf/ @$%<br />
efu @# ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Joj:yf<br />
@$(<br />
!%(= ;DklQ 6«i6 agfO{ /flvg] @$(<br />
!^)= dlGqkl/ifb\ ;DaGwL Joj:yf @%#<br />
!^!= Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;DaGwL Joj:yf @%#<br />
!^@= Gofokflnsf ;DaGwL Joj:yf @%#<br />
!^#= ;+j}wflgs lgsfo / kbflwsf/Lx¿ ;DaGwL Joj:yf @%%<br />
!^$= jt{dfg sfg"g nfu" /xg] @%%<br />
efu @$ kl/efiff<br />
@%&<br />
!^%= kl/efiff @%&<br />
efu @% ;+lIfKt gfd, k|f/De / vf/]hL<br />
@%(<br />
!^^= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De @%(<br />
!^&= vf/]hL @%(<br />
cg';"rL–! -wf/f ^ ;Fu ;DalGwt_ /fli6«o em08f<br />
@^!<br />
cg';"rL–!s. -wf/f #^em sf] pkwf/f @ ;+u ;DalGwt_<br />
@^&<br />
cg';"rL–# -wf/f !^^ sf] pkwf/f -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_<br />
@&!<br />
cg';"rL–$ -wf/f !^^ sf] pkwf/f -#_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_<br />
@&#<br />
g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ aLr ePsf] lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tf @&#<br />
g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ aLr ePsf] xl<strong>to</strong>f/ / ;]gf<br />
Joj:yfkgsf] cg'udg ;Demf}tf, @)^# #)%<br />
53
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PREAMBLE<br />
WE, THE PEOPLE OF NEPAL, IN EXERCISE OF THE SOVEREIGN POWERS AND<br />
STATE AUTHORITY INHERENT IN US;<br />
Recogniz<strong>in</strong>g the mandate of the <strong>Nepal</strong>i people expressed, from time <strong>to</strong> time, s<strong>in</strong>ce<br />
before 1951 until now, through his<strong>to</strong>rical struggles and people's movements for<br />
democracy, peace and progress;<br />
Hav<strong>in</strong>g determ<strong>in</strong>ed upon the progressive restructur<strong>in</strong>g of the state <strong>in</strong> order <strong>to</strong> resolve<br />
the exist<strong>in</strong>g problems of the country relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> class, caste, region and gender;<br />
Express<strong>in</strong>g our full commitment <strong>to</strong> democratic norms and values <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g a system<br />
of competitive multiparty democratic rule, civil liberties, fundamental rights, human<br />
rights, adult franchise, periodic elections, full freedom of the press, <strong>in</strong>dependence of<br />
the judiciary and concepts of the rule of law;<br />
Guarantee<strong>in</strong>g the basic rights of the <strong>Nepal</strong>i people <strong>to</strong> frame a <strong>Constitution</strong> for<br />
themselves and <strong>to</strong> participate <strong>in</strong> the free and impartial election of the Constituent<br />
Assembly <strong>in</strong> a fear-free environment;<br />
And keep<strong>in</strong>g democracy, peace, prosperity, progressive economic-social changes<br />
and sovereignty, <strong>in</strong>tegrity, <strong>in</strong>dependence and dignity of the country as a central<br />
concern;<br />
*Declar<strong>in</strong>g <strong>Nepal</strong> a Federal, Democratic, Republic State by legally end<strong>in</strong>g (or<br />
abolish<strong>in</strong>g) the monarchy<br />
NOW THEREFORE, <strong>in</strong> order <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>stitutionalize the achievements of the revolution<br />
and movements till this date, hereby promulgate this INTERIM CONSTITUTION<br />
OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007), prepared through a political consensus and <strong>to</strong> be <strong>in</strong> force<br />
until a new <strong>Constitution</strong> is framed by the Constituent Assembly.<br />
* Added on 2065 Jesth 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
54
{<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
k|:tfjgf<br />
xfdL ;fj{ef}d;Qf / /fhsLo;Qf ;DkGg g]kfnL hgtf,<br />
g]kfnL hgtfn] @))& ;fn klxn]b]lv xfn;Dd k6s k6s ub}{ cfPsf P]ltxfl;s ;‹if{ / hgcfGbf]ng<br />
dfk{mt nf]stGq, zflGt / cu|udgsf kIfdf k|s6 ePsf] hgfb]zsf] ;Ddfg ub}{,<br />
b]zdf ljBdfg juL{o, hftLo, If]qLo, n}lËs ;d:ofx¿nfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ /fHosf] cu|ufdL k'g;{ +/rgf ug]<br />
;ÍNk ub} {,<br />
k|lt:kwf{Tds ax'bnLo nf]stflGqs zf;g Joj:yf, gful/s :jtGqtf, df}lns clwsf/, dfgj clwsf/,<br />
aflnu dtflwsf/, cfjlws lgjf{rg, k"0f{ k|]; :jtGqtf, :jtGq Gofokflnsf tyf sfg"gL /fHosf]<br />
cjwf/0ff nufot nf]stflGqs d"No / dfGotfk|ltsf] k"0f{ k|ltj4tf JoQm ub}{,<br />
g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfkm\gf] nflu cfkm} ;+ljwfg agfpg kfpg] / eod'Qm jftfj/0fdf ;+ljwfg ;efsf] :jtGq<br />
/ lgikIf lgjf{rgdf ;xefuL x'g kfpg] cfwf/e"t clwsf/sf] k|Tofe"lt ub}{,<br />
nf]stGq, zflGt, ;d[l4, cu|ufdL cfly{s–;fdflhs kl/jt{g tyf b]zsf] ;fj{ef}ldstf, cv08tf,<br />
:jtGqtf / :jfledfgnfO{ s]Gb|df /fVb},<br />
*/fhtGqsf] ljlwjt\ cGTo u/L g]kfn Ps ;+3Lo, nf]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds /fHo ePsf] 3f]if0ff ub}{<br />
cfh;Ddsf qmflGt / cfGbf]ngaf6 k|fKt pknAwLx¿nfO{ ;+:yfut ug{ ;+ljwfg ;efaf6 gofF ;+ljwfg<br />
gag];Ddsf] nflu /fhg}lts ;xdltaf6 <strong>to</strong>f/ ePsf] of] g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# hf/L ePsf]<br />
3f]if0ff ub{5f}+ .<br />
* cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f yk<br />
55
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 1<br />
PRELIMINARY<br />
1. <strong>Constitution</strong> as the fundamental law<br />
(1) This <strong>Constitution</strong> is the fundamental law of <strong>Nepal</strong>. All laws <strong>in</strong>consistent<br />
with this constitution shall, <strong>to</strong> the extent of such <strong>in</strong>consistency, be void.<br />
(2) It is the duty of every person <strong>to</strong> uphold this <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
2. Sovereignty and state authority<br />
The sovereignty and the state authority of <strong>Nepal</strong> are vested <strong>in</strong> the <strong>Nepal</strong>i people.<br />
3. Nation<br />
Hav<strong>in</strong>g multi-ethnic, multi-l<strong>in</strong>gual, multi-religious, multi-cultural<br />
charActeristics with common aspirations, and be<strong>in</strong>g committed <strong>to</strong> and united<br />
by a bond of allegiance <strong>to</strong> national <strong>in</strong>dependence, <strong>in</strong>tegrity, national <strong>in</strong>terest<br />
and prosperity of <strong>Nepal</strong>, all the <strong>Nepal</strong>i people collectively constitute the nation.<br />
4. State of <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
(1) <strong>Nepal</strong> is an <strong>in</strong>dependent, <strong>in</strong>divisible, sovereign, secular, <strong>in</strong>clusive<br />
*Federal Democratic Republican State.<br />
(2) The terri<strong>to</strong>ry of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall comprise<br />
(a) the terri<strong>to</strong>ry exist<strong>in</strong>g at the commencement of this <strong>Constitution</strong>, and<br />
(b) such other terri<strong>to</strong>ry as may be acquired after the commencement of this<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
5. Language of the nation<br />
(1) All the languages spoken as mother <strong>to</strong>ngues <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> are the national<br />
languages of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
(2) The <strong>Nepal</strong>i language <strong>in</strong> the Devanagari script shall be the language of<br />
official bus<strong>in</strong>ess.<br />
(3) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g whatever is written <strong>in</strong> clause (2), the use of one's mother<br />
<strong>to</strong>ngue <strong>in</strong> a local body or office shall not be barred. The State shall translate the<br />
language used for such purposes <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> the language of official bus<strong>in</strong>ess for the<br />
record.<br />
56<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: and fully democratic State.
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu !<br />
k|f/lDes<br />
!= ;+ljwfg d"n sfg"gM<br />
-!_ of] ;+ljwfg g]kfnsf] d"n sfg"g xf] . o; ;+ljwfg;Fu aflemg] sfg"g aflemPsf] xb;Dd cdfGo<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ o; ;+ljwfgsf] kfngf ug'{ k|To]s JolQmsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .<br />
@=<br />
;fj{ef}d;Qf / /fhsLo;QfM<br />
g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf / /fhsLo;Qf g]kfnL hgtfdf lglxt /xg]5 .<br />
#= /fi6«M<br />
ax'hftLo, ax'eflifs, ax'wfld{s, ax';f+:s[lts ljz]iftfo'Qm, ;dfg cfsfª\Iff / g]kfnsf] /fli6«o<br />
:jtGqtf, cv08tf, /fli6«o lxt tyf ;d[l4k|lt cf:yfjfg\ /xL Pstfsf] ;"qdf cfj4 ;a} g]kfnL<br />
hgtf ;dli6 ¿kdf /fi6« xf] .<br />
$= g]kfn /fHoM<br />
-!_ g]kfn Ps :jtGq, cljefHo, ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;DkGg, wd{lg/k]If, ;dfj]zL *;+3Lo nf]stflGqs,<br />
u0ftGqfTds /fHo xf] .<br />
-@_ g]kfnsf] If]q b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5M–<br />
-s_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avtsf] If]q, /<br />
-v_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePkl5 k|fKt x'g] If]q .<br />
%= /fi6« efiffM<br />
-!_ g]kfndf af]lng] ;a} dft[efiffx¿ /fi6« efiff x'g\ .<br />
-@_ b]jgfu/L lnlkdf g]kfnL efiff ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiff x'g]5 .<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg :yfgLo lgsfo tyf sfof{nodf dft[efiff<br />
k|of]u ug{ s'g} jfwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g . To;/L k|of]u ul/Psf] efiffnfO{ /fHon] ;/sf/L<br />
sfdsfhsf] efiffdf ¿kfGt/ u/L clen]v /fVg]5 .<br />
* g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM / k"0f{ nf]stflGqs /fHo<br />
57
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
6. National flag<br />
The national flag of <strong>Nepal</strong>, as handed down by tradition, consists of two<br />
juxtaposed triangular figures with a crimson coloured base and deep blue<br />
borders, there be<strong>in</strong>g a white emblem of the crescent moon with eight rays visible<br />
out of sixteen <strong>in</strong> the upper part and a white emblem of a twelve rayed sun <strong>in</strong> the<br />
lower part. The method of draw<strong>in</strong>g the flag and other particulars relat<strong>in</strong>g<br />
there<strong>to</strong> shall be as set out <strong>in</strong> Schedule 1.<br />
7. National anthem etc<br />
(1) The national anthem and the coat-of-arms of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed<br />
by the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
(2) The Rhododendron Arboreum is the national flower, Crimson is the national<br />
colour, the Cow is the national animal and the Lophophorus is the national<br />
bird of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
58
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
^= /fli6«o em08fM<br />
l;ld|s /Ësf] e'OF / uf9f gLnf] /Ësf] lsgf/f ePsf] b'O{ lqsf]0f clnslt hf]l/Psf], dflyNnf]<br />
efudf v'k]{ rGb|sf] aLrdf ;f]x|df cf7 sf]0f b]lvg] ;]tf] cfsf/ / tNnf] efudf afx| sf]0fo'Qm<br />
;"o{sf] ;]tf] cfsf/ clÍt ePsf], k/Dk/fut em08f g]kfnsf] /fli6«o em08f xf] . ;f] em08f agfpg]<br />
tl/sf / tT;DaGwL c? ljj/0f cg';"rL–! Df pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
&=<br />
/fli6«o ufg OToflbM<br />
-!_ g]kfnsf] /fli6«o ufg / lgzfgf 5fk g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ g]kfnsf] /fli6«o k"mn nfnLu'/fF;, /fli6«o /Ë l;ld|s, /fli6«o hgfj/ ufO{ / /fli6«o k+IfL 8fFkm] x'g]5 .<br />
59
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 2<br />
CITIZENSHIP<br />
8. Citizenship at the commencement of the <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
(1) Persons who have citizenship at the commencement of this <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
and persons who are eligible <strong>to</strong> acquire citizenship by virtue of the provisions<br />
of this Part shall be the citizens of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
(2) At the commencement of this <strong>Constitution</strong>, the follow<strong>in</strong>g persons who<br />
have their domicile <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> be citizens of <strong>Nepal</strong> by descent<br />
(a) a person who has acquired citizenship by descent before the<br />
commencement of this <strong>Constitution</strong>, and<br />
(b) any person whose father or mother was a citizen of <strong>Nepal</strong> at the birth of<br />
such person.<br />
(3) Any child who is found with<strong>in</strong> the terri<strong>to</strong>ry of <strong>Nepal</strong> and whose parents are<br />
not known shall, until the father or mother of the child is traced, be deemed <strong>to</strong><br />
be a citizen of <strong>Nepal</strong> by descent.<br />
(4) Whenever any terri<strong>to</strong>ry is acquired by way of merger <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong>, every<br />
person hav<strong>in</strong>g his domicile with<strong>in</strong> such terri<strong>to</strong>ry shall become a citizen of<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong>, as provided for by the exist<strong>in</strong>g law.<br />
(5) Any person born and liv<strong>in</strong>g permanently <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> before the end of Chaitra,<br />
2046 (mid April, 1990) shall acquire the citizenship of <strong>Nepal</strong> by birth <strong>in</strong><br />
accordance with the exist<strong>in</strong>g law.<br />
Provided that application <strong>to</strong> that effect shall be submitted once <strong>in</strong><br />
accordance with exist<strong>in</strong>g laws with<strong>in</strong> the prescribed timeframe.<br />
(6) A woman of foreign nationality who is married <strong>to</strong> a <strong>Nepal</strong>i citizen may<br />
acquire naturalized citizenship, if she desires <strong>to</strong> do so, as provided for by the<br />
exist<strong>in</strong>g law.<br />
60
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu @<br />
gful/stf<br />
*= ;+ljwfg k|f/De x' “bfsf avtsf] gful/stfM<br />
-!_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt g]kfnsf] gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf] / o; efu adf]lhd<br />
gful/stf k|fKt ug{ of]Uo JolQmx¿ g]kfnsf gful/s x'g]5g\ .<br />
-@_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt g]kfndf :yfoL a;f]jf; ePsf] b]xfosf] JolQm j+zhsf]<br />
cfwf/df g]kfnsf] gful/s 7xg]{5M–<br />
-s_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'g'eGbf cl3 j+zhsf] cfwf/df gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf] JolQm,<br />
-v_ s'g} JolQmsf] hGd x'Fbfsf avt lghsf] afa' jf cfdf g]kfnL gful/s /x]5 eg] To:tf]<br />
JolQm .<br />
-#_ g]kfn ;/xbleq k]mnf k/]sf] lkt[Tj dft[Tjsf] 7]ufg gePsf] k|To]s gfafns lghsf] afa' jf<br />
cfdf k]mnf gk/];Dd j+zhsf] cfwf/df g]kfnL gful/s 7xg]{5 .<br />
-$_ g]kfnleq ufleg] u/L s'g} If]q k|fKt ePdf ;f] If]qleq a;f]jf; ePsf] JolQm k|rlnt<br />
sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL g]kfnsf] gful/s x'g]5 .<br />
-%_ ;Djt\ @)$^ ;fn r}q d;fGt;Dd g]kfn ;/xbleq hGd eO{ g]kfndf :yfoL ¿kn] a;f]jf;<br />
ub}{ cfPsf] JolQmn] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd hGdsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf] gful/stf k|fKt ug]{5 .<br />
t/ o; Joj:yf cGtu{t gful/stf k|fKt ug{ k|rlnt sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd Ps<br />
k6ssf] nflu tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq lgj]bg lbO;s]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .<br />
-^_ g]kfnL gful/s;Fu j}jflxs ;DaGw sfod u/]sL ljb]zL dlxnfn] rfx]df k|rlnt sfg"g<br />
adf]lhd cËLs[t g]kfnL gful/stf lng ;Sg]5 .<br />
61
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(7) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed elsewhere <strong>in</strong> this Article, <strong>in</strong> the case<br />
of a person born <strong>to</strong> a woman citizen of <strong>Nepal</strong> married <strong>to</strong> a foreigner, if such a<br />
person is born <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> and has been resid<strong>in</strong>g permanently <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> and has<br />
not acquired citizenship of the foreign country by virtue of the citizenship of<br />
his or her father, he or she may acquire naturalized citizenship of <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the exist<strong>in</strong>g law.<br />
9. Naturalized or honorary citizenship<br />
Except provided for <strong>in</strong> Article 8, the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> may grant naturalized<br />
or honorary <strong>Nepal</strong>ese citizenship [<strong>to</strong> a foreigner] as provided for by law.<br />
10. Acquisition and term<strong>in</strong>ation of citizenship<br />
The acquisition and term<strong>in</strong>ation of citizenship and other necessary<br />
arrangements shall be <strong>in</strong> accordance with the exist<strong>in</strong>g law.<br />
11. Citizenship team <strong>to</strong> be assigned<br />
The Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> may assign a Citizenship Distribution Task Force <strong>to</strong><br />
grant citizenship <strong>to</strong> persons eligible <strong>to</strong> acquire citizenship as provided for <strong>in</strong><br />
exist<strong>in</strong>g laws.<br />
62
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-&_ o; wf/fdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ljb]zL gful/s;Fu ljjfx u/]sL g]kfnL<br />
dlxnf gful/saf6 hlGdPsf] JolQmsf] xsdf lghsf] g]kfndf hGd eO{ g]kfndf g} :yfoL a;f]jf;<br />
u/]sf] / afj'sf] gful/stfsf] cfwf/df lghn] ljb]zL d'n'ssf] gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf] /x]g5 eg]<br />
lghn] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd g]kfnsf] c+ËLs[t gful/stf k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
(= c·Ls[t jf ;Ddfgfy{ gful/stfM<br />
wf/f * df n]lvP afx]s sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/n] cËLs[t jf ;Ddfgfy{<br />
g]kfnL gful/stf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
!)= gful/stfsf] k|flKt / ;dflKtM<br />
gful/stfsf] k|flKt, ;dflKt nufot cfjZos cGo Joj:yf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
!!= gful/stf 6f]nL v6fOg]M<br />
g]kfn ;/sf/n] k|rlnt sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd gful/stf kfpg of]Uotf k'u]sf JolQmnfO{<br />
gful/stf k|bfg ug{ gful/stf ljt/0f 6f]nL v6fpg ;Sg]5 .<br />
63
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 3<br />
FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS<br />
12. Right <strong>to</strong> freedom<br />
(1) Every person shall have the right <strong>to</strong> live with dignity, and no law which<br />
provides for capital punishment shall be made.<br />
(2) Except as provided for by law no person shall be deprived of his/her<br />
personal liberty.<br />
(3) Every citizen shall have the follow<strong>in</strong>g freedoms<br />
(a) freedom of op<strong>in</strong>ion and expression;<br />
(b) freedom <strong>to</strong> assemble peaceably and without arms;<br />
(c) freedom <strong>to</strong> form political party;<br />
(d) freedom <strong>to</strong> form unions and associations;<br />
(e) freedom <strong>to</strong> move and reside <strong>in</strong> any part of <strong>Nepal</strong>; and<br />
(f) freedom <strong>to</strong> engage <strong>in</strong> any occupation or be engaged <strong>in</strong> employment,<br />
<strong>in</strong>dustry and trade.<br />
Provided that,<br />
(1) Noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> sub-clause (a) shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> prevent the mak<strong>in</strong>g of laws<br />
<strong>to</strong> impose reasonable restrictions on any act which may underm<strong>in</strong>e the<br />
sovereignty and <strong>in</strong>tegrity of <strong>Nepal</strong>, or which may jeopardize the<br />
harmonious relations subsist<strong>in</strong>g among the people of various castes,<br />
tribes, religions or communities, or on any act of defamation, contempt<br />
of court or <strong>in</strong>citement <strong>to</strong> an offence, or on any act which may be contrary<br />
<strong>to</strong> decent public behaviour or morality.<br />
(2) Noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> sub-clause (b) shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> prevent the mak<strong>in</strong>g of laws<br />
<strong>to</strong> impose reasonable restrictions on any act which may underm<strong>in</strong>e the<br />
sovereignty, <strong>in</strong>tegrity or law and order situation of <strong>Nepal</strong> .<br />
(3) Noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> sub-clauses (c) and (d) shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> prevent the mak<strong>in</strong>g<br />
of laws <strong>to</strong> impose reasonable restrictions on any act which may<br />
underm<strong>in</strong>e the sovereignty and <strong>in</strong>tegrity of <strong>Nepal</strong>, or which may<br />
jeopardize the harmonious relations subsist<strong>in</strong>g among the people of<br />
various castes, tribes, religions or communities, or which may <strong>in</strong>stigate<br />
violence, or which may be contrary <strong>to</strong> public morality.<br />
64
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu #<br />
df}lns xs<br />
!@=<br />
:jtGqtfsf] xsM<br />
-!_ k|To]s JolQmnfO{ ;Ddfgk"j{s afFRg kfpg] xs x'g]5 / d[To' b08sf] ;hfo x'g] u/L s'g} sfg"g<br />
agfOg] 5}g .<br />
-@_ sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s s'g} klg JolQmsf] j}olQms :jtGqtf ckx/0f x'g] 5}g .<br />
-#_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ b]xfosf] :jtGqtf x'g]5M–<br />
-s_ ljrf/ / cleJolQmsf] :jtGqtf,<br />
-v_ lagf xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/ zflGtk"j{s e]nf x'g] :jtGqtf,<br />
-u_ /fhg}lts bn vf]Ng] :jtGqtf,<br />
-3_ ;+3 / ;+:yf vf]Ng] :jtGqtf,<br />
-ª_ g]kfnsf] s'g} klg efudf cfjthfjt / a;f]jf; ug]{ :jtGqtf,<br />
-r_ s'g} k]zf, /f]huf/, pBf]u / Jofkf/ ug]{ :jtGqtf .<br />
t/,<br />
-!_ v08 -s_ sf] s'g} s'/fn] g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, cv08tf jf ljleGg hft, hflt, wd{ jf<br />
;Dk|bfox¿sf aLrsf] ;';DaGwdf vnn kg]{ jf ufnL j]OHhtL jf cbfntsf] cjx]ngf<br />
x'g] jf ck/fw ug{ b'?T;fxg lbg] jf ;fj{hlgs lzi6frf/ jf g}ltstfsf] k|lts"n x'g]<br />
sfo{df dgfl;a k|ltaGw nufpg] u/L sfg"g agfpg /f]s nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
-@_ v08 -v_ sf] s'g} s'/fn] g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, cv08tf jf ;fj{hlgs zflGt /<br />
Joj:yfdf vnn kg] { sfo{df dgfl;a k|ltaGw nufpg] u/L sfg"g agfpg /f]s nufPsf]<br />
dflgg] 5}g .<br />
-#_ v08 -u_ / -3_ sf] s'g} s'/fn] g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, cv08tf jf ljleGg hft, hflt,<br />
wd{ jf ;Dk|bfox¿sf aLrsf] ;';DaGwdf vnn kg]{ jf lx+;fTds sfo{ ug{ b'?T;flxt<br />
ug]{ jf ;fj{hlgs g}ltstfsf] k|lts"n x'g] sfo{df dgfl;a k|ltaGw nufpg] u/L sfg"g<br />
agfpg /f]s nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
65
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(4) Noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> sub-clause (e) shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> prevent the mak<strong>in</strong>g of laws<br />
which are <strong>in</strong> the <strong>in</strong>terest of the general public, or which are made <strong>to</strong><br />
impose reasonable restrictions on any act which may jeopardize the<br />
harmonious relations subsist<strong>in</strong>g among the people of various castes,<br />
tribes, religions or communities.<br />
(5) Noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> sub-clause (f) shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> prevent the mak<strong>in</strong>g of laws<br />
<strong>to</strong> impose restrictions on any act which may be contrary <strong>to</strong> public health<br />
or morality, <strong>to</strong> confer on the State the exclusive right <strong>to</strong> undertake specific<br />
<strong>in</strong>dustries, bus<strong>in</strong>esses or services, or <strong>to</strong> impose any condition or<br />
qualification for engag<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> any <strong>in</strong>dustry, trade, profession or<br />
occupation.<br />
13. Right <strong>to</strong> equality<br />
(1) All citizens shall be equal before the law. No person shall be denied the<br />
equal protection of the laws.<br />
(2) There shall be no discrim<strong>in</strong>ation aga<strong>in</strong>st any citizen <strong>in</strong> the application of<br />
general laws on grounds of religion, race, gender, caste, tribe, orig<strong>in</strong>, language<br />
or ideological conviction or any of these.<br />
(3) The State shall not discrim<strong>in</strong>ate among citizens on grounds of religion, race,<br />
caste, tribe, gender, orig<strong>in</strong>, language or ideological conviction or any of these.<br />
Provided that noth<strong>in</strong>g shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> prevent the mak<strong>in</strong>g of<br />
special provisions by law for the protection, empowerment or advancement of<br />
women, Dalits, <strong>in</strong>digenous ethnic tribes [Adivasi Janajati], Madhesi or farmers,<br />
labourers or those who belong <strong>to</strong> a class which is economically, socially or<br />
culturally backward, or children, the aged, disabled or those who are physically<br />
or mentally <strong>in</strong>capacitated.<br />
(4) There shall be no discrim<strong>in</strong>ation with regard <strong>to</strong> remuneration and social<br />
security between men and women for the same work.<br />
14. Right aga<strong>in</strong>st un<strong>to</strong>uchability and racial discrim<strong>in</strong>ation<br />
(1) No person shall, on the ground of caste, descent, community or occupation, be<br />
subject <strong>to</strong> racial discrim<strong>in</strong>ation and un<strong>to</strong>uchability <strong>in</strong> any form. Such a<br />
discrim<strong>in</strong>a<strong>to</strong>ry act shall be liable <strong>to</strong> punishment and the victim shall be entitled <strong>to</strong><br />
compensation as provided by the law.<br />
66
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-$_ v08 -ª_ sf] s'g} s'/fn] ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfsf] lxt jf ljleGg hft, hflt, wd{ jf<br />
;Dk|bfox¿sf aLrsf] ;';DaGwdf vnn kg]{ sfo{df dgfl;a k|ltaGw nufpg] u/L<br />
sfg"g agfpg /f]s nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
-%_ v08 -r_ sf] s'g} s'/fn] ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfsf] ;fj{hlgs :jf:Yo jf g}ltstfsf] k|lts"n<br />
x'g] sfo{df /f]s nufpg] jf s'g} vf; pBf]u, Jofkf/ jf ;]jf /fHon] dfq ;~rfng ug] { jf<br />
s'g} pBf]u, Jofkf/, k]zf jf /f]huf/ ug{sf] nflu s'g} zt{ jf of]Uotf tf]Sg] u/L sfg"g<br />
agfpg /f]s nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
!#= ;dfgtfsf] xsM<br />
-!_ ;a} gful/s sfg"gsf] b[li6df ;dfg x'g]5g\ . s;}nfO{ klg sfg"gsf] ;dfg ;+/If0faf6 jl~rt<br />
ul/g] 5}g .<br />
-@_ ;fdfGo sfg"gsf] k|of]udf s'g} klg gful/sdfly wd{, j0f{, lnË, hft, hflt, pTklQ, efiff jf<br />
j}rfl/s cf:yf jf tL dWo] s'g} s'/fsf] cfwf/df e]befj ul/g] 5}g .<br />
-#_ /fHon] gful/sx¿sf aLr wd{, j0f{, hft, hflt, lnË, pTklQ, efiff jf j}rfl/s cf:yf jf tL<br />
dWo] s'g} s'/fsf] cfwf/df e]befj ug]{ 5}g .<br />
t/ dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt, dw]zL jf ls;fg, dhb'/ jf cfly{s,<br />
;fdflhs jf ;f+:s[lts b[li6n] lk5l8Psf] ju{ jf afns, j[4 tyf ckfË jf zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s<br />
¿kn] czQm JolQmsf] ;+/If0f, ;zlQms/0f jf ljsf;sf] nflu sfg"gåf/f ljz]if Joj:yf ug{ /f]s<br />
nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
-$_ ;dfg sfdsf nflu dlxnf / k'?ifsf aLr kfl/>lds tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iffdf e]befj ul/g]<br />
5}g .<br />
!$= 5'jf5't tyf hftLo e]befj lj?4sf] xsM<br />
-!_ s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ hft, j+z, ;d'bfo jf k]zfsf cfwf/df s'g} lsl;dsf] 5'jf5't tyf hftLo<br />
e]befj ul/g] 5}g . o:tf] e]befjk"0f{ Jojxf/ b08gLo x'g]5 / kLl8t JolQmn] sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f<br />
eP adf]lhdsf] Ifltk"lt{ kfpg]5 .<br />
67
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(2) No person shall, on the ground of caste or tribe, be deprived of the use of services,<br />
conveniences or utilities available <strong>to</strong> the public, or be denied access <strong>to</strong> any public<br />
place, or public religious places, or be prevented from perform<strong>in</strong>g any religious act.<br />
(3) No person belong<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> any particular caste or tribe shall, <strong>in</strong> relation <strong>to</strong> the production<br />
or mak<strong>in</strong>g available of any goods, services or conveniences, be prevented from<br />
purchas<strong>in</strong>g or acquir<strong>in</strong>g such goods, services or conveniences; and no such goods,<br />
services or conveniences shall be sold or distributed only <strong>to</strong> members of a particular<br />
caste or tribe.<br />
(4) No one shall be allowed <strong>to</strong> purport <strong>to</strong> demonstrate superiority or <strong>in</strong>feriority of any<br />
person or a group of persons belong<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> any caste, tribe or orig<strong>in</strong>; or <strong>to</strong> justify social<br />
discrim<strong>in</strong>ation on the basis of caste and tribe; or <strong>to</strong> dissem<strong>in</strong>ate ideas based on caste<br />
superiority or hatred; or <strong>to</strong> encourage caste discrim<strong>in</strong>ation <strong>in</strong> any form.<br />
(5) Any act contrary <strong>to</strong> the provisions of clauses (2), (3) and (4) shall be punishable <strong>in</strong><br />
accordance with law.<br />
15. Rights regard<strong>in</strong>g publication, broadcast<strong>in</strong>g and press<br />
(1) There shall be no prior censorship of publication and broadcast<strong>in</strong>g or pr<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g<br />
of any news item, edi<strong>to</strong>rial, article, feature or other read<strong>in</strong>g or audio-visual material<br />
by any means <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g electronic publication, broadcast<strong>in</strong>g and the press.<br />
Provided that noth<strong>in</strong>g shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> prevent the mak<strong>in</strong>g of laws <strong>to</strong><br />
impose reasonable restrictions on any act which may underm<strong>in</strong>e the sovereignty<br />
or <strong>in</strong>tegrity of <strong>Nepal</strong>, or which may jeopardise the harmonious relations subsist<strong>in</strong>g<br />
among the peoples of various castes, tribes or communities; or on any act of<br />
sedition, defamation, contempt of court or <strong>in</strong>citement <strong>to</strong> an offence; or on any act<br />
which may be contrary <strong>to</strong> decent public behaviour or morality.<br />
(2) If there is any broadcast<strong>in</strong>g, publish<strong>in</strong>g or pr<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g of material us<strong>in</strong>g radio,<br />
television, onl<strong>in</strong>e or other types of digital or electronic equipment or medium, no<br />
such equipment or medium shall be closed, seized or any registration cancelled<br />
because of such broadcast<strong>in</strong>g, publication or pr<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
(3) No newspaper, periodical or press shall be closed or seized nor shall its<br />
registration be cancelled merely for pr<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g or publish<strong>in</strong>g any news items,<br />
articles, edi<strong>to</strong>rials, writ<strong>in</strong>gs or other read<strong>in</strong>g material.<br />
(4) No means of communication <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g the press, electronic broadcast<strong>in</strong>g<br />
and telephone shall be obstructed except <strong>in</strong> accordance with law.<br />
68
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-@_ s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ hft hfltsf] cfwf/df ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf /x]sf ;]jf, ;'ljwf jf pkof]usf<br />
s'/fx¿ k|of]u ug{af6 jf ;fj{hlgs :yn jf ;fj{hlgs wfld{s :yndf k|j]z ug{ jf wfld{s sfo{<br />
ug{af6 jl~rt ul/g] 5}g .<br />
-#_ s'g} j:t', ;]jf jf ;'ljwf pTkfbg jf ljt/0f ubf{ To:tf] ;]jf, ;'ljwf jf j:t' s'g} vf; hft,<br />
hfltsf] JolQmnfO{ vl/b jf k|fKt ug{af6 /f]s nufpg jf To:tf] j:t', ;]jf jf ;'ljwf s'g} vf;<br />
hft, hfltsf] JolQmnfO{ dfq laqmL ljt/0f ul/g] 5}g .<br />
-$_ s'g} hft, hflt jf pTklQsf JolQm jf JolQmx¿sf] ;d"xsf] pr gLr bzf{pg], hft, hfltsf]<br />
cfwf/df ;fdflhs lje]bnfO{ Gofof]lrt 7x/fpg] jf hftLo ;jf{]Rrtf jf 3[0ffdf cfwfl/t<br />
ljrf/sf] k|rf/ k|;f/ ug{] jf hftLo lje]bnfO{ s'g} klg lsl;dn] k|f]T;fxg ug{ kfOg] 5}g .<br />
-%_ pkwf/f -@_, -#_ / -$_ ljk/Ltsf] sfo{ sfg"g adf]lhd b08gLo x'g]5 .<br />
!%= k|sfzg, k|;f/0f tyf 5fkfvfgf ;DaGwL xsM<br />
-!_ ljB'tLo k|sfzg, k|;f/0f tyf 5fkf nufotsf cGo h'g;'s} dfWodaf6 s'g} ;dfrf/,<br />
;DkfbsLo, n]v, /rgf jf cGo s'g} kf7\o, >Jo b[io ;fdu|Lsf] k|sfzg tyf k|;f/0f ug{ jf 5fKg<br />
k"j{ k|ltaGw nufOg] 5}g .<br />
t/ g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf jf cv08tf jf ljleGg hft, hflt jf ;Dk|bfo aLrsf]<br />
;';DaGwdf vnn kg]{, /fHob|f]x, ufnL a]OHhtL jf cbfntsf] cjx]ngf x'g] jf ck/fw ug{<br />
b'?T;fxg ug]{ jf ;fj{hlgs lzi6frf/ jf g}ltstf k|lts"n x'g] sfo{df d'gfl;j k|ltaGw nufpg]<br />
u/L sfg"g agfpg /f]s nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
-@_ s'g} >Jo, >Jo b[io jf ljB'tLo pks/0fsf] dfWodaf6 s'g} ;fdu|Lsf] k|sfzg tyf k|;f/0f<br />
u/] jf 5fk] jfkt To:tf] ;fdu|L k|sfzg tyf k|;f/0f ug]{ jf 5fKg], /]l8of], 6]lnlehg, cgnfOg<br />
jf cGo s'g} lsl;dsf] l8lh6n jf ljB'tLo, 5fkf jf cGo ;~rf/ dfWodnfO{ aGb, hkmt jf btf{<br />
vf/]h ul/g] 5}g .<br />
-#_ s'g} ;dfrf/, n]v, ;DkfbsLo, /rgf jf cGo s'g} kf7\o ;fdu|L d'b|0f jf k|sfzg u/] jfkt<br />
s'g} ;dfrf/kq, klqsf jf 5fkfvfgf aGb, hkmt jf btf{ vf/]h ul/g] 5}g .<br />
-$_ sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s s'g} 5fkf, ljB'tLo k|;f/0f tyf 6]lnkmf]g nufotsf ;~rf/ ;fwgnfO{<br />
cj?4 ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .<br />
69
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
16. Rights regard<strong>in</strong>g environment and health<br />
(1) Every person has the right <strong>to</strong> live <strong>in</strong> a clean environment.<br />
(2) Every citizen shall have the right <strong>to</strong> basic health services free of cost from the<br />
State as provided for <strong>in</strong> the law.<br />
17. Education and cultural rights<br />
(1) Each community shall have the right <strong>to</strong> receive basic education <strong>in</strong> their<br />
mother <strong>to</strong>ngue as provided for <strong>in</strong> the law.<br />
(2) Every citizen shall have the right <strong>to</strong> receive free education from the State up<br />
<strong>to</strong> secondary level as provided for <strong>in</strong> the law<br />
(3) Each community resid<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> has the right <strong>to</strong> preserve and promote its<br />
language, script, culture, cultural civilisation and heritage.<br />
18. Rights regard<strong>in</strong>g employment and social security<br />
(1) Every citizen shall have the right <strong>to</strong> employment as provided for <strong>in</strong> the law.<br />
(2)Women, labourers, the aged, disabled as well as <strong>in</strong>capacitated and helpless<br />
citizens shall have the right <strong>to</strong> social security as provided for <strong>in</strong> the law.<br />
(3) Every citizen has the right <strong>to</strong> food *sovereignty as provided for <strong>in</strong> the law.<br />
19. Right <strong>to</strong> property<br />
(1) Every citizen shall, subject <strong>to</strong> the exist<strong>in</strong>g laws, have the right <strong>to</strong> acquire,<br />
own, sell and otherwise dispose of property.<br />
(2) The State shall not, except <strong>in</strong> the public <strong>in</strong>terest, acquire, or create any<br />
encumbrance on the property of any person.<br />
Provided that this clause shall not be applicable <strong>to</strong> property acquired<br />
through illegal means.<br />
(3) Compensation shall be provided for any property requisitioned, acquired<br />
or encumbered by the State <strong>in</strong> implement<strong>in</strong>g scientific land reform programmes<br />
or <strong>in</strong> the public <strong>in</strong>terest <strong>in</strong> accordance with law. The amount and basis of<br />
compensation, and relevant procedure shall be as prescribed by law.<br />
70<br />
* We have confirmed that "food sovereignty" is the phrase deliberately chosen (see also the Comprehensive Peace<br />
Agreement ) (edi<strong>to</strong>rs).
{<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
!^=<br />
jftfj/0f tyf :jf:Yo ;DaGwL xsM<br />
-!_ k|To]s JolQmnfO{ :jR5 jftfj/0fdf afFRg] xs x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ /fHoaf6 sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd cfwf/e"t :jf:Yo ;]jf lgMz'Ns<br />
¿kdf kfpg] xs x'g]5 .<br />
!&=<br />
lzIff tyf ;+:s[lt ;DaGwL xsM<br />
-!_ k|To]s ;d'bfonfO{ sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd cfˆgf] dft[ efiffdf cfwf/e"t lzIff kfpg]<br />
xs x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ /fHoaf6 sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd dfWolds tx;Dd lgMz'Ns lzIff<br />
kfpg] xs x'g]5 .<br />
-#_ g]kfndf a;f]jf; ug{] k|To]s ;d'bfonfO{ cfˆgf] efiff, lnlk, ;+:s[lt, ;fF:s[lts ;Eotf /<br />
;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f / ;Daw{g ug{] xs x'g]5 .<br />
!*= /f]huf/L tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff ;DaGwL xsM<br />
-!_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd /f]huf/Lsf] xs x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ dlxnf, >lds, j[4, ckfË tyf czQm / c;xfo gful/snfO{ sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd<br />
;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] xs x'g]5 .<br />
-#_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd vfB ;Dk|e'Qfsf] xs x'g]5 .<br />
!(= ;DklQsf] xsM<br />
-!_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ k|rlnt sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL ;DklQ cfh{g ug] {, ef]u ug] {, a]rlavg ug]<br />
/ ;DklQsf] cGo sf/f]af/ ug]{ xs x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] nflu afx]s /fHon] s'g} JolQmsf] ;DklQ clwu|x0f jf k|fKt ug]{ jf To:tf]<br />
;DklQ pk/ c? s'g} k|sf/n] s'g} clwsf/sf] l;h{gf ug]{ 5}g .<br />
t/ cj}w 9Ën] cfh{g u/]sf] ;Dkltsf] xsdf of] pkwf/f nfu" x'g] 5}g .<br />
-#_ j}1flgs e"ld;'wf/ sfo{qmd nfu" ubf{ jf ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] nflu /fHon] s'g} JolQmsf] ;DklQ<br />
clwu|x0f jf k|fKt ubf{ jf To:tf] ;DklQ pk/ s'g} clwsf/sf] l;h{gf ubf{ sfg"g adf]lhd Ifltk"lt{<br />
lbOg]5 . Ifltk"lt{ / ;f]sf] cfwf/ / sfo{ k|0ffnL sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f ul/P adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
71
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
20. Rights of women<br />
(1) No woman shall be discrim<strong>in</strong>ated aga<strong>in</strong>st <strong>in</strong> any way on the basis of gender.<br />
(2) Every woman shall have the right <strong>to</strong> reproductive health and other<br />
reproductive rights.<br />
(3) No physical, mental or other form of violence shall be <strong>in</strong>flicted on any<br />
woman, and such an act shall be punishable by law.<br />
(4) Sons and daughters shall have equal rights <strong>to</strong> ancestral property.<br />
21. Right <strong>to</strong> social justice<br />
Women, Dalits, <strong>in</strong>digenous ethnic groups [Adivasi Janajati], Madhesi<br />
communities, oppressed groups, the poor farmers and labourers, who are<br />
economically, socially or educationally backward, shall have the right <strong>to</strong><br />
participate <strong>in</strong> state structures on the basis of pr<strong>in</strong>ciples of proportional<br />
<strong>in</strong>clusion.<br />
22. Rights of children<br />
(1) Every child shall have the right <strong>to</strong> his or her own identity and name.<br />
(2) Every child shall have the right <strong>to</strong> be nurtured, <strong>to</strong> basic health and social<br />
security.<br />
(3) Every child shall have the right not <strong>to</strong> be subjected <strong>to</strong> physical, mental or<br />
any other form of exploitation. Any such act of exploitation shall be punishable<br />
by law and any child so treated shall be compensated as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
(4) Helpless, orphaned or mentally retarded children, children who are victims<br />
of conflict or displaced and street children at risk shall have the right <strong>to</strong> receive<br />
special privileges from the State <strong>to</strong> ensure their secure future.<br />
(5) No m<strong>in</strong>or shall be employed <strong>in</strong> fac<strong>to</strong>ries, m<strong>in</strong>es or <strong>in</strong> any other hazardous<br />
work nor shall be used <strong>in</strong> army, police or <strong>in</strong> conflicts.<br />
72
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
@)=<br />
dlxnfsf] xsM<br />
-!_ dlxnf ePs} sf/0faf6 s'g} klg lsl;dsf] e]befj ul/g] 5}g .<br />
-@_ k|To]s dlxnfnfO{ k|hgg :jf:Yo tyf k|hgg ;DaGwL xs x'g]5 .<br />
-#_ s'g} klg dlxnf lj?4 zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s jf cGo s'g} lsl;dsf] lx+;fhGo sfo{ ul/g] 5}g /<br />
To:tf] sfo{ sfg"gåf/f b08gLo x'g]5 .<br />
-$_ k}t[s ;Dkltdf 5f]/f / 5f]/LnfO{ ;dfg xs x'g]5 .<br />
@!=<br />
@@=<br />
;fdflhs Gofosf] xsM<br />
cfly{s, ;fdflhs jf z}lIfs b[li6n] kl5 k/]sf dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt, dw]zL ;d'bfo,<br />
pTkLl8t ju{, u/La ls;fg / dhb'/nfO{ ;dfg'kflts ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df /fHosf]<br />
;+/rgfdf ;xefuL x'g] xs x'g]5 .<br />
afnaflnsfsf] xsM<br />
-!_ k|To]s afnaflnsfnfO{ cfˆgf] klxrfg tyf gfdsf] xs x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ k|To]s afnaflnsfnfO{ kfngkf]if0f, cfwf/e"t :jf:Yo / ;fdflhs ;'/Iff k|fKt ug] { xs x'g]5 .<br />
-#_ k|To]s afnaflnsfnfO{ zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s jf cGo s'g} klg lsl;dsf] zf]if0f lj?4sf] xs<br />
x'g]5 . o:tf] zf]if0fhGo sfo{ sfg"gåf/f b08gLo x'g]5 / To:tf] Jojxf/ ul/Psf] JolQmnfO{<br />
sfg"gn] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhdsf] Ifltk"lt{ lbOg]5 .<br />
-$_ c;xfo, cgfy, ;':t dgl:ylt, åGåkLl8t, lj:yflkt Pj+ hf]lvddf k/]sf ;8s afnaflnsfnfO{<br />
;'lglZrt eljiosf] nflu /fHoaf6 ljz]if ;'ljwf kfpg] xs x'g]5 .<br />
-%_ s'g} klg gfafnsnfO{ s'g} snsf/vfgf, vfgL jf o:t} cGo s'g} hf]lvdk"0f{ sfddf nufpg jf<br />
;]gf, k|x/L jf åGådf k|of]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .<br />
73
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
23. Right <strong>to</strong> religion<br />
(1) Every person shall have the right <strong>to</strong> profess, practise and preserve his or her<br />
own religion as handed down <strong>to</strong> him or her from ancient times pay<strong>in</strong>g due<br />
regard <strong>to</strong> social and cultural traditions.<br />
Provided that no person shall be entitled <strong>to</strong> convert another person<br />
from one religion <strong>to</strong> another, and no person shall act or behave <strong>in</strong> a manner<br />
which may <strong>in</strong>fr<strong>in</strong>ge upon the religion of others.<br />
(2) Every religious denom<strong>in</strong>ation shall have the right <strong>to</strong> ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> its<br />
<strong>in</strong>dependent existence, and for this purpose <strong>to</strong> manage and protect its religious<br />
places and religious trusts, <strong>in</strong> accordance with law.<br />
24. Rights regard<strong>in</strong>g justice<br />
(1) No person shall be deta<strong>in</strong>ed without be<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>formed of the ground for such<br />
an arrest.<br />
(2) The person who is arrested shall have the right <strong>to</strong> consult a legal practitioner<br />
of his/her choice at the time of the arrest. The consultation made by such a<br />
person with the legal practitioner and the advice given thereon shall rema<strong>in</strong><br />
confidential, and such a person shall not be denied the right <strong>to</strong> be defended by<br />
his/her legal practitioner.<br />
Explanation: For the purpose of this clause, the words "legal practitioner" means<br />
any person who is authorized by law <strong>to</strong> represent any person <strong>in</strong> any court.<br />
(3) Every person who is arrested shall be produced before a judicial authority<br />
with<strong>in</strong> a period of twenty-four hours after such arrest, exclud<strong>in</strong>g the time<br />
necessary for the journey from the place of arrest <strong>to</strong> such authority, and the<br />
arrested person shall not be deta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> cus<strong>to</strong>dy beyond the said period except<br />
on the order of such authority.<br />
Provided that noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> clauses (2) and (3) shall apply <strong>to</strong> preventive<br />
detention or <strong>to</strong> a citizen of an enemy state.<br />
(4) No person shall be punished for an act which was not punishable by law<br />
when the act was committed, and no person shall be subjected <strong>to</strong> a punishment<br />
greater than that prescribed by the law <strong>in</strong> force at the time of the offence.<br />
(5) No person accused of any offence shall be assumed <strong>to</strong> be an offender until<br />
proven guilty.<br />
74
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
@#=<br />
wd{ ;DaGwL xsM<br />
-!_ k|To]s JolQmnfO{ k|rlnt ;fdflhs Pj+ ;fF:s[lts k/Dk/fsf] dof{bf /fvL k/fk"j{b]lv rlncfPsf]<br />
cfˆgf] wd{sf] cjnDag, cEof; / ;+/If0f ug{] xs x'g]5 .<br />
t/ s;}n] s;}sf] wd{ kl/jt{g u/fpg kfpg] 5}g / Ps csf{sf] wd{df vnn kfg{ ] u/L s'g}<br />
sfd, Jojxf/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .<br />
-@_ k|To]s wfld{s ;Dk|bfonfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd cfˆgf] :jtGq cl:tTj sfod /fvL cfˆgf] wfld{s<br />
:yn / wfld{s u'7Lsf] ;~rfng / ;+/If0f ug{] xs x'g]5 .<br />
@$=<br />
Gofo ;DaGwL xsM<br />
-!_ s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ kqmfp ePsf] sf/0f ;lxtsf] ;"rgf glbO{ y'gfdf /flvg] 5}g .<br />
-@_ kqmfpdf k/]sf JolQmnfO{ kqmfp k/]sf] ;dodf g} cfk"mn] /f]h]sf] sfg"g Joj;foL;Fu ;Nnfx<br />
lng kfpg] xs x'g]5 . To:tf] JolQmn] cfˆgf] sfg"g Joj;foL;Fu u/]sf] k/fdz{ / lghn] lbPsf]<br />
;Nnfx uf]Ko /xg]5 / To:tf] JolQmnfO{ cfˆgf] sfg"g Joj;foLåf/f k'k{If ug{ ] xsaf6 jl~rt ul/g]<br />
5}g .<br />
:ki6Ls/0fM o; pkwf/fsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æsfg"g Joj;foLÆ eGgfn] s'g} cbfntdf s'g} JolQmsf]<br />
k|ltlglwTj ug{ sfg"gn] clwsf/ lbPsf] JolQmnfO{ hgfpF5 .<br />
-#_ kqmfp ul/Psf] JolQmnfO{ kqmfp ePsf] ;doaf6 af6f]sf] Dofb afx]s rf}aL; 306fleq d'2f<br />
x]g]{ clwsf/L ;dIf pkl:yt u/fpg' kg{]5 / To:tf] clwsf/Laf6 cfb]z ePdf afx]s kqmfp<br />
ePsf JolQmnfO{ y'gfdf /flvg] 5}g .<br />
t/ pkwf/f -@_ / -#_ df n]lvPsf s'/fx¿ lgjf/s gh/jGb / zq' /fHosf] gful/ssf]<br />
xsdf nfu" x'g] 5}g .<br />
-$_ tTsfn k|rlnt sfg"gn] ;hfo gx'g] s'g} sfd u/] jfkt s'g} JolQm ;hfosf] efuL x'g] 5}g /<br />
s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ s;"/ ubf{sf] cj:yfdf k|rlnt sfg"gdf tf]lsPeGbf a9L ;hfo lbOg] 5}g .<br />
-%_ s'g} cleof]u nufOPsf] JolQmnfO{ lghn] u/]sf] s;"/ k|dfl0ft geP;Dd s;"/bf/ dflgg]<br />
5}g .<br />
75
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(6) No person shall be prosecuted or punished for the same offence <strong>in</strong> a court of<br />
law more than once.<br />
(7) No person accused of any offence shall be compelled <strong>to</strong> be a witness aga<strong>in</strong>st<br />
himself/herself.<br />
(8) Every person undergo<strong>in</strong>g trial shall have the right <strong>to</strong> be <strong>in</strong>formed about the<br />
proceed<strong>in</strong>gs of the trial.<br />
(9) Every person shall be entitled <strong>to</strong> a fair trial by a competent court or judicial<br />
authority.<br />
(10) Any <strong>in</strong>digent person shall have the right <strong>to</strong> free legal aid <strong>in</strong> accordance<br />
with law.<br />
25. Right aga<strong>in</strong>st preventive detention<br />
(1) No person shall be held under preventive detention unless there is sufficient<br />
ground <strong>to</strong> believe <strong>in</strong> the existence of an immediate threat <strong>to</strong> the sovereignty and<br />
<strong>in</strong>tegrity of, or the law and order situation <strong>in</strong>, <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
(2) If an authority deta<strong>in</strong>s a person under preventive detention contrary <strong>to</strong> law<br />
or <strong>in</strong> bad faith, the person deta<strong>in</strong>ed is entitled <strong>to</strong> compensation under the law.<br />
26. Right aga<strong>in</strong>st <strong>to</strong>rture<br />
(1) No person who is deta<strong>in</strong>ed dur<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>vestigation, or for trial or for any other<br />
reason, shall be subjected <strong>to</strong> physical or mental <strong>to</strong>rture, or be treated <strong>in</strong> a cruel,<br />
<strong>in</strong>human or degrad<strong>in</strong>g manner.<br />
(2) Any such an act pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1) shall be punishable by law, and any<br />
person so treated shall be compensated <strong>in</strong> a manner determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
27. Right <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>formation<br />
(1) Every citizen shall have the right <strong>to</strong> demand or obta<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>formation on any<br />
matters of concern <strong>to</strong> himself or herself or <strong>to</strong> the public.<br />
Provided that noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> this Article shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> compel any<br />
person <strong>to</strong> provide <strong>in</strong>formation on any matter about which confidentiality is <strong>to</strong><br />
be ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong>ed accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> law.<br />
76
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-^_ s'g} klg JolQm lj?4 cbfntdf Ps} s;"/df Ps k6seGbf a9L d'2f rnfOg] / ;hfo lbOg]<br />
5}g .<br />
-&_ s'g} s;"/sf] cleof]u nfu]sf] JolQmnfO{ cfˆgf] lj?4 ;fIfL x'g s/ nufOg] 5}g .<br />
-*_ k|To]s JolQmnfO{ lgh lj?4 ul/Psf] sf/afxLsf] hfgsf/L kfpg] xs x'g]5 .<br />
-(_ s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ ;Ifd cbfnt jf Goflos lgsfoaf6 :jR5 ;'g'jfOsf] xs x'g]5 .<br />
-!)_ c;dy{ kIfnfO{ sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd lgMz'Ns sfg"gL ;]jf kfpg] xs x'g]5 .<br />
@%=<br />
lgjf/s gh/aGb lj?4sf] xsM<br />
-!_ g]kfn /fHosf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf / cv08tf jf ;fj{hlgs zflGt / Joj:yfdf tTsfn vnn kg]{<br />
kof{Kt cfwf/ geO{ s;}nfO{ klg lgjf/s gh/aGbdf /flvg] 5}g .<br />
-@_ lgjf/s gh/aGb /fVg] clwsf/Ln] sfg"g ljk/Lt jf jblgotk"j{s s;}nfO{ gh/aGb /fv]df<br />
gh/aGb /x]sf] JolQmn] sfg"gåf/f tf]lsPadf]lhd Ifltk"lt{ kfpg]5 .<br />
@^=<br />
oftgf lj?4sf] xsM<br />
-!_ cg';Gwfg, txlssft jf k'k{Ifsf] l;nl;nfdf jf c? s'g} lsl;dn] y'gfdf /x]sf] s'g} klg<br />
JolQmnfO{ zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s oftgf lbOg] jf lgh;Fu lgd{d, cdfgjLo jf ckdfghgs<br />
Jojxf/ ul/g] 5}g .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{ sfg"gåf/f b08gLo x'g]5 / To:tf] Jojxf/ ul/Psf] JolQmnfO{<br />
sfg"gn] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhdsf] Ifltk"lt{ lbOg]5 .<br />
@&=<br />
;"rgfsf] xsM<br />
k|To]s gful/snfO{ cfˆgf] jf ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] s'g} klg ljifosf] ;"rgf dfUg] jf kfpg] xs<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
t/ sfg"gåf/f uf]Ko /fVg' kg]{ ;"rgfsf] hfgsf/L lbg s;}nfO{ s/ nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
77
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
28. Right <strong>to</strong> privacy<br />
Except <strong>in</strong> circumstances provided by law, privacy <strong>in</strong> relation <strong>to</strong> the person,<br />
and <strong>to</strong> their residence, property, documents, records, statistics and<br />
correspondence, and their reputation are <strong>in</strong>violable.<br />
29. Right aga<strong>in</strong>st exploitation<br />
(1) Every person shall have the right aga<strong>in</strong>st exploitation.<br />
(2) No person shall be exploited <strong>in</strong> the name of cus<strong>to</strong>m, tradition and practice,<br />
or <strong>in</strong> any other way<br />
(3) No person shall be subjected <strong>to</strong> human traffick<strong>in</strong>g, slavery or bonded labour.<br />
(4) No person shall be subject <strong>to</strong> forced labour.<br />
Provided that noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> this clause shall prevent the enactment of a law<br />
requir<strong>in</strong>g citizens <strong>to</strong> be engaged <strong>in</strong> compulsory service for public purposes.<br />
30. Right Regard<strong>in</strong>g labour<br />
(1) Every employee and worker shall have the right <strong>to</strong> proper work practices.<br />
(2) Every employee and worker shall have the right <strong>to</strong> form trade unions, <strong>to</strong><br />
organise themselves and <strong>to</strong> engage <strong>in</strong> collective barga<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g for the protection<br />
of their <strong>in</strong>terests <strong>in</strong> accordance with law.<br />
31. Right aga<strong>in</strong>st exile<br />
No citizen shall be exiled.<br />
32. Right <strong>to</strong> constitutional remedy<br />
The right <strong>to</strong> proceed <strong>in</strong> the manner set out <strong>in</strong> Article 107 for the enforcement of<br />
the rights conferred <strong>in</strong> this Part is guaranteed.<br />
78
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
@*=<br />
@(=<br />
uf]kgLotfsf] xsM<br />
s'g} klg JolQmsf] hLp, cfjf;, ;Dklt, lnvt, tYofÍ, kqfrf/, rl/q ;DaGwL s'/fx¿sf]<br />
uf]kgLotf sfg"gåf/f tf]lsPsf] cj:yfdf afx]s cgltqmDo x'g]5 .<br />
zf]if0f lj?4sf] xsM<br />
-!_ k|To]s JolQmnfO{ zf]if0f lj?4sf] xs x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ k|yf, k/Dk/f / k|rngsf] gfddf jf s'g} klg lsl;dn] s;}nfO{ zf]if0f ug{ kfOg] 5}g .<br />
-#_ dflg;nfO{ j]rljvg ug{, bf; jf afFwf agfpg kfOg] 5}g .<br />
-$_ s;}nfO{ klg lghsf] OR5f lj?4 sfddf nufpg kfOg] 5}g .<br />
t/ o; pkwf/fdf plNnlvt Joj:yfn] ;fj{hlgs k|of]hgsf] nflu gful/snfO{ clgjfo{<br />
;]jfdf nufpg ;lsg] sfg"g agfpg /f]s nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
#)= >d ;DaGwL xsM<br />
-!_ k|To]s sfdbf/ / sd{rf/LnfO{ plrt >d cEof;sf] xs x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd k|To]s sfdbf/ / sd{rf/LnfO{ cf–cfˆgf lxt /Iffsf] lgldQ<br />
6«]8 o'lgog vf]Ng], ;Ël7t x'g] / ;fd"lxs ;f}bfafhL ug{] xs x'g]5 .<br />
#!= b]z lgsfnf lj?4sf] xsM<br />
s'g} klg gful/snfO{ b]z lgsfnf ul/g] 5}g .<br />
#@=<br />
;+j}wflgs pkrf/sf] xsM<br />
o; efuåf/f k|bQ xssf] k|rngsf nflu wf/f !)& df n]lvPsf] tl/sf cg';f/ sf/afxL rnfpg<br />
kfpg] xs ;'/lIft ul/Psf]5 .<br />
79
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 4<br />
RESPONSIBILITIES, DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES AND<br />
POLICIES OF THE STATE<br />
33. Responsibilities of the State<br />
The State shall have the follow<strong>in</strong>g responsibilities:<br />
(a) recogniz<strong>in</strong>g the need for the functional realisation of the sovereignty<br />
that is <strong>in</strong>herent <strong>in</strong> the <strong>Nepal</strong>i people, it is the obligation of the state <strong>to</strong><br />
focus the attention of the whole nation on the completion of the election<br />
for the members of the Constituent Assembly *by the end of 2064 [by 12<br />
April 2008 – tr.] <strong>in</strong> a free and fair manner,<br />
(b) <strong>to</strong> ensure progressive political, economic and social changes <strong>in</strong> the<br />
country,<br />
(c) <strong>to</strong> adopt a political system which fully abides by the universally accepted<br />
concepts of fundamental human rights, multi-party competitive<br />
democratic system, sovereign authority <strong>in</strong>herent <strong>in</strong> the people and<br />
supremacy of the people, constitutional checks and balances, rule of<br />
law, social justice and equality, <strong>in</strong>dependence of judiciary, periodic<br />
elections, moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g by civil society, full <strong>in</strong>dependence of the press,<br />
right <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>formation of the people, transparency and accountability <strong>in</strong><br />
the activities of political parties, people's participation, neutral,<br />
competent and clean adm<strong>in</strong>istration and <strong>to</strong> ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> good governance<br />
by elim<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g corruption and impunity,<br />
(d) <strong>to</strong> carry out an <strong>in</strong>clusive, democratic and progressive restructur<strong>in</strong>g of<br />
the State by elim<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g its exist<strong>in</strong>g form of centralized and unitary<br />
structure <strong>in</strong> order <strong>to</strong> address the problems related <strong>to</strong> women, Dalits,<br />
<strong>in</strong>digenous tribes [Adivasi Janajati], Madhesis, oppressed and m<strong>in</strong>ority<br />
communies and other disadvantaged groups, by elim<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g class, caste,<br />
language, gender, cultural, religious and regional discrim<strong>in</strong>ation,<br />
* Amended on 2064 Paush 13 (December 28, 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Third Amendment) Act, 2064.<br />
80
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu $<br />
/fHosf] bfloTj,<br />
lgb] {zs l;4fGt tyf gLltx?<br />
##= /fHosf] bfloTj M<br />
/fHosf] bfloTj b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5M–<br />
-s_ g]kfnL hgtfdf cGt/lglxt ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] Jofjxfl/s k|Tofe"lt ug] { ljifonfO{ cfTd;ft<br />
ub} { ;Djt\ *@)^$ leq :jtGq / lgikIf ¿kdf ;+ljwfg ;efsf ;b:osf] lgjf{rg<br />
;DkGg ug{ /fHon] ;Dk"0f{ Wofg s]lGb|t ug] {,<br />
-v_ b]zdf cu|ufdL /fhg}lts–cfly{s / ;fdflhs kl/jt{g ;'lglZrt ug]{,<br />
-u_ ljZjJofkL ¿kdf :jLs[t cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/, jx'bnLo k|lt:kwf{Tds nf]stflGqs<br />
k|0ffnL, hgtfdf lglxt ;fj{ef}d;Qf / hgtfsf] ;jf] {Rrtf, ;+j}wflgs ;Gt'ng / lgoGq0f,<br />
sfg"gsf] zf;g, ;fdflhs Gofo / ;dfgtf, :jtGq Gofokflnsf, cfjlws lgjf{rg,<br />
gful/s ;dfhsf] cg'udg, k"0f{ k|]; :jtGqtf, hgtfsf] ;"rgfsf] clwsf/, /fhg}lts<br />
bnx¿sf lqmofsnfkx¿df kf/blz{tf / hjfkmb]lxtf, hg;xeflutf, lgikIf, ;Ifd<br />
tyf :jR5 k|zf;gtGqsf cjwf/0ffx¿sf] k"0f{ kl/kfngf ug] { /fhg}lts k|0ffnL cjnDag<br />
u/L e|i6frf/ b08xLgtfsf] cGTo ub}{ ;'zf;g sfod ug]{,<br />
-3_ juL{o, hftLo, eflifs, n}lËs, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s / If]qLo e]befjsf] cGTo ub}{ dlxnf,<br />
blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt, dw]zL, pTkLl8t, pk]lIft / cNk;ª\Vos ;d'bfo, lk5l8Psf<br />
If]q nufotsf ;d:ofx¿nfO{ ;+jf]wg ug{ /fHosf] jt{dfg s]Gb|Ls[t / PsfTds 9fFrfsf]<br />
cGTo u/L /fHosf] ;dfj]zL, nf]stflGqs / cu|ufdL k'g;+{/rgf ug]{,<br />
* g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ k'; !# ut]_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt -klxn] …@)^$ h]7 dlxgfleqÚ eGg] / bf];|f] ;+zf]wgdf @)^$<br />
d+l;/ dlxgfleq eGg] k|jwfg /x]sf]_<br />
81
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
†<br />
(d1) <strong>to</strong> enable Madhesi, Dalits, <strong>in</strong>digenous ethnic groups[Adivasi<br />
Janajati], women, labourers, farmers, the physically impaired,<br />
disadvantaged classes and disadvantaged regions <strong>to</strong> participate <strong>in</strong> all<br />
organs of the State structure on the basis of proportional <strong>in</strong>clusion,<br />
(e) <strong>to</strong> formulate a common m<strong>in</strong>imum programme for socio-economic<br />
transformation <strong>to</strong> elim<strong>in</strong>ate all forms of feudalism and implement it<br />
gradually,<br />
(f) <strong>to</strong> pursue a policy of adopt<strong>in</strong>g scientific land reform programmes by<br />
gradually end<strong>in</strong>g feudalistic land ownership,<br />
(g) <strong>to</strong> follow a policy of protect<strong>in</strong>g and promot<strong>in</strong>g national <strong>in</strong>dustries and<br />
resources,<br />
(h) <strong>to</strong> pursue a policy of establish<strong>in</strong>g the rights of all citizens <strong>to</strong> education,<br />
health, hous<strong>in</strong>g, employment and food sovereignty,<br />
(i) <strong>to</strong> adopt a policy of ensur<strong>in</strong>g socio-economic security and provide land<br />
<strong>to</strong> the economically backward classes, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g the landless, bonded<br />
labourers [kamaiyas], tillers [haliyas], farm labours and shepherds<br />
[haruwa charuwa],<br />
(j) <strong>to</strong> adopt a policy of tak<strong>in</strong>g severe action and punish<strong>in</strong>g any <strong>in</strong>dividual<br />
who earns unjust wealth through corruption committed while hold<strong>in</strong>g<br />
an office of profit,<br />
(k) <strong>to</strong> formulate a common development strategy for socio-economic<br />
transformation and justice, as well as for rapid economic progress and<br />
prosperity of the country,<br />
(l) <strong>to</strong> follow a policy that <strong>in</strong>creases <strong>in</strong>vestment for promot<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>dustry,<br />
trade and export, and create opportunities for employment and <strong>in</strong>come<br />
generation by ensur<strong>in</strong>g the professional rights of labourers,<br />
(m) <strong>to</strong> implement effectively <strong>in</strong>ternational treaties and agreements <strong>to</strong> which<br />
the State is a party,<br />
(n) <strong>to</strong> repeal all discrim<strong>in</strong>a<strong>to</strong>ry laws,<br />
(o) <strong>to</strong> use exist<strong>in</strong>g natural resources <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g water resources of the country<br />
for the <strong>in</strong>terest of the nation,<br />
(p) <strong>to</strong> make arrangements for appropriate relief, recognition and<br />
rehabilitation for the families of those who died and for persons disabled<br />
and made helpless through <strong>in</strong>jury caused dur<strong>in</strong>g the course of the armed<br />
conflict,<br />
(q) <strong>to</strong> provide relief <strong>to</strong> the families of the victims, on the basis of the report of<br />
the Investigation Commission constituted <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>vestigate the cases of<br />
persons who were the subject of enforced disappearance dur<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
course of the conflict,<br />
† Added on 2063 Chait 30 (April 13, 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (First Amendment) Act, 2063.<br />
82
{<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
† -3!_ d'n'ssf] /fHo ;+/rgfsf ;a} cËx¿df dw]zL, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt, dlxnf,<br />
dhb"/, ls;fg, ckfË, lk5l8Psf ju{ / If]q ;a}nfO{ ;dfg'kflts ;dfj]zLsf] cfwf/df<br />
;xefuL u/fpg],<br />
-ª_ ;fdGtjfbsf ;a} ¿kx¿sf] cGTo ug]{ cfly{s ;fdflhs ¿kfGt/0fsf] Go"gtd ;femf<br />
sfo{qmd <strong>to</strong> u/L nfu" ub}{ hfg],<br />
-r_ ;fdGtL e"–:jfldTjsf] cGTo ub} { j}1flgs e"ld;'wf/ sfo{qmd nfu" ug] { gLlt cjnDag ug] {,<br />
-5_ /fli6«o pBf]uwGbf / ;fwg;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f / k|jw{g ug]{ gLlt cg';/0f ug]{,<br />
-h_ lzIff, :jf:Yo, cfjf;, /f]huf/L / vfB ;Dk|e'tfdf ;a} gful/ssf] clwsf/ :yflkt ug]<br />
gLlt lng],<br />
-em_ ;'s'Daf;L, sd}of, xlnof, x/jf r/jf nufotsf cfly{s ;fdflhs ¿kn] k5fl8 k/]sf<br />
ju{nfO{ hUuf nufot cfly{s ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf ug]{ gLlt lng],<br />
-`_ ;/sf/L nfesf] kbdf /x]/ e|i6frf/ u/L u}/ sfg"gL ;DklQ cfh{g ug]{x¿ pk/ s8f<br />
sf/afxL u/L bl08t ug]{ gLlt lng],<br />
-6_ b]zsf] cfly{s–;fdflhs ¿kfGt/0f Pj+ Gofosf ;fy} b]znfO{ l56f] ;d'Ggt / cfly{s<br />
¿kn] ;d[4zfnL agfpg Ps ;femf ljsf; cjwf/0ff lgdf{0f ug]{,<br />
-7_ >ldssf k]zfut clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttf ub} { pBf]uwGbf, Jofkf/, lgof{t k|j4{g cflbsf<br />
nflu nufgL j[l4 u/L /f]huf/L Pj+ cfo cfh{gsf cj;/x¿sf] Jofks j[l4 ug]{ gLlt<br />
cg';/0f ug]{,<br />
-8_ /fHo kIf ePsf] cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw ;Demf}tfsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug]{,<br />
-9_ ;a} lje]bsf/L sfg"gsf] cGTo ug]{,<br />
-0f_ d'n'sdf ljBdfg hn;|f]t nufot k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgsf] /fi6« lxtdf k|of]u ug]{,<br />
-t_ ;z:q åGåsf] qmddf dfl/Psfx¿sf] kl/jf/nfO{ tyf o; qmddf 3fOt] eO{ ckfË /<br />
czQm ePsfx¿nfO{ plrt /fxt, ;Ddfg tyf k'g:yf{kgfsf] Joj:yf ug]{,<br />
-y_ ;z:q åGbsf] qmddf j]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmx¿sf] ;DaGwdf ul7t 5fglag cfof]usf]<br />
k|ltj]bgsf cfwf/df To:tf JolQmx¿sf kLl8t kl/jf/x¿nfO{ /fxt pknAw u/fpg],<br />
† g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^# -@)^# r}t #) ut]_ åf/f yk<br />
83
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(r) <strong>to</strong> conduct special programmes <strong>to</strong> rehabilitate the displaced persons, <strong>to</strong><br />
provide compensation for damaged private and public property, and <strong>to</strong><br />
rebuild <strong>in</strong>frastructure destroyed dur<strong>in</strong>g the course of the conflict,<br />
#<br />
(r1) Develop a culture of resolv<strong>in</strong>g major political problems of the country<br />
with understand<strong>in</strong>g, consensus and cooperation among the major political<br />
parties that played a pivotal role <strong>in</strong> the his<strong>to</strong>ric People's Movement and<br />
concluded the Peace Accord on 6 November 2006, as well as other<br />
political parties represented <strong>in</strong> the Constituent Assembly, and<br />
(s) <strong>to</strong> constitute a high-level Truth and Reconciliation Commission <strong>to</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong>vestigate the facts about those persons <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> serious violations<br />
of human rights and crimes aga<strong>in</strong>st humanity committed dur<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
course of conflict, and <strong>to</strong> create an atmosphere of reconciliation <strong>in</strong> the<br />
society.<br />
34. Directive Pr<strong>in</strong>ciples of the State<br />
(1) It shall be the chief objective of the State <strong>to</strong> promote conditions of welfare on the<br />
basis of the pr<strong>in</strong>ciples of an open society, by establish<strong>in</strong>g a just system <strong>in</strong> all aspects<br />
of national life, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g social, economic and political life, while at the same time<br />
protect<strong>in</strong>g the lives, property, equality and liberty of the people.<br />
(2) It shall be the objective of the State <strong>to</strong> ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> law and order and peace, protect<br />
and promote human rights, promote public welfare <strong>in</strong> the society, and create<br />
opportunities for maximum participation of the people through self-governance,<br />
while ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g a system where people can reap the benefits of democracy.<br />
(3) It shall be the political objective of the State <strong>to</strong> build a prosperous and advanced<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong> by <strong>in</strong>stitutionaliz<strong>in</strong>g democracy achieved as a result of the struggle of the<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong>i people and by creat<strong>in</strong>g an environment where<strong>in</strong> its benefits could be<br />
enjoyed.<br />
# Added on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065.<br />
84
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-b_ ;z:q åGåsf] qmddf lj:yflktx¿sf] k'g:yf{kgf ug{, gi6 ePsf lghL tyf ;fj{hlgs<br />
;DklQx¿sf] xsdf /fxt k|bfg ug{ tyf Wj:t ;+/rgfx¿sf] k'glg{df0f ug{ ljz]if<br />
sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug] {,<br />
# -b!_ P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngdf g]t[TjbfoL e"ldsf lgjf{x u/L ;Djt\ @)^# sflt{s @@<br />
ut] ;xdlt sfod ug]{ k|d'v /fhg}lts bnx? tyf ;+ljwfg ;efdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{<br />
cGo /fhg}lts bnx? tyf ;+ljwfg ;efdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ cGo /fhg}lts bnx?<br />
;d]t;Fu ;xdlt, ;dembf/L / ;xsfo{ u/L d'n'ssf k|d'v /fhg}lts ;d:ofx?sf]<br />
;dfwfg ug]{ ;+:s[lt ljsf; ug]{,<br />
-w_ ;z:q åGåsf] qmddf dfgj clwsf/sf] uDeL/ pNnª\3g ug]{ tyf dfgjtf lj?4sf]<br />
ck/fwdf ;ª\nUg JolQmx¿sf] af/]df ;To cGj]if0f ug{ tyf ;dfhdf d]nldnfksf]<br />
jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{ pRr:t/Lo ;To lg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u u7g ug]{ .<br />
#$= /fHosf lgb] {zs l;4fGtx¿M<br />
-!_ hgtfsf] hLp, wg, ;dfgtf / :jtGqtfsf] ;+/If0f u/L ;fdflhs, cfly{s Pj+ /fhg}lts If]q<br />
nufot /fli6«o hLjgsf ;a} If]qdf Gofok"0f{ Joj:yf sfod u/L v'nf ;dfhdf cfwfl/t<br />
nf]ssNof0fsf/L Joj:yfsf] clej[l4 ug{' /fHosf] k|d'v p2]Zo x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ ;dfhdf zflGt / Joj:yf sfod u/L dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;Da4{g ub}{ ;fj{hlgs<br />
lxtsf] k|a4{g ug{ ] / :jfoQ zf;gsf] dfWodåf/f hgtfnfO{ zf;gdf clwsflws dfqfdf ;lDdlnt<br />
x'g] cj;/ h'6fO{ nf]stGqsf nfex¿sf] pkef]u ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf sfod ug{' /fHosf] p2]Zo<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
-#_ g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;‹if{sf] k|ltkmn:j¿k k|fKt nf]stGqnfO{ ;+:yfut ub}{ ;f]sf nfex¿sf]<br />
pkef]u ug{ kfpg] cj:yfsf] ;[hgf ub}{ ;d'Ggt / ;d[4 g]kfn lgdf{0f ug]{ /fHosf] /fhg}lts<br />
p2]Zo x'g]5 .<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f pkwf/f yk<br />
85
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(4) The fundamental economic objective of the State must be <strong>to</strong> give priority and<br />
protection <strong>to</strong> mak<strong>in</strong>g the national economy <strong>in</strong>dependent, self-reliant and<br />
progressive by prevent<strong>in</strong>g the concentration of available resources and means of<br />
the country with<strong>in</strong> a limited section of society, by mak<strong>in</strong>g arrangements for equitable<br />
distribution of economic ga<strong>in</strong>s based on social justice, by mak<strong>in</strong>g such provision as<br />
will prevent economic <strong>in</strong>equality and exploitation of any caste, gender, class,<br />
orig<strong>in</strong> or <strong>in</strong>dividuals, and by giv<strong>in</strong>g priority and encouragement <strong>to</strong> national<br />
private and public enterprises.<br />
(5) The social objective of the State shall be <strong>to</strong> establish and develop a healthy<br />
social life on the foundation of justice and morality, by elim<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g all types of<br />
economic and social <strong>in</strong>equalities and by establish<strong>in</strong>g harmony among diverse<br />
castes, tribes, religions, languages, races, communities and sects.<br />
(6) The State shall, <strong>in</strong> its <strong>in</strong>ternational relations, be guided by the objective of<br />
enhanc<strong>in</strong>g the dignity of the nation <strong>in</strong> the <strong>in</strong>ternational arena by ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g<br />
the sovereignty, <strong>in</strong>tegrity and <strong>in</strong>dependence of the country.<br />
35. State policies<br />
(1) The State shall pursue a policy of rais<strong>in</strong>g the standard of liv<strong>in</strong>g of the<br />
general public by fulfill<strong>in</strong>g basic needs such as education, health, transportation,<br />
hous<strong>in</strong>g, and employment of the people of all regions, by equitably distribut<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>in</strong>vestment of economic resources for balanced development of the country.<br />
(2) The State shall pursue a policy of economic development through<br />
governmental, cooperative and private sec<strong>to</strong>rs.<br />
(3) The State shall pursue a policy of strengthen<strong>in</strong>g the unity of the nation by<br />
ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g the cultural diversity of the country through the promotion of<br />
healthy and harmonious social relations, on the basis of equality and<br />
coexistence, among people of various religions, cultures, castes, communities,<br />
sects, orig<strong>in</strong>s, languages and l<strong>in</strong>guistic groups, and by assist<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the equal<br />
promotion of their languages, literatures, scripts, arts and cultures,<br />
(4) The State shall, while mobiliz<strong>in</strong>g the natural resources and heritage of the<br />
country that might be useful and beneficial <strong>to</strong> the <strong>in</strong>terest of the nation, pursue<br />
a policy of giv<strong>in</strong>g priority <strong>to</strong> the local community.<br />
86
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-$_ b]zdf pknAw cfly{s ;|f]t / ;fwgnfO{ ;Lldt JolQmx¿df s]lGb|t x'g glbO{ ;fdflhs<br />
Gofosf] cfwf/df cfly{s pknlAwsf] Gofof]lrt ljt/0fsf] Joj:yf ldnfO{ s'g} klg hflt, lnË,<br />
ju{, pTklQ jf JolQm pk/ cfly{s zf]if0f x'g gkfpg] Joj:yf u/L cfly{s c;dfgtf x6fpFb}<br />
:jb]zL lghL Pj+ ;fj{hlgs pBdnfO{ k|fyldstf / k|>o lbO{ /fli6«o cy{tGqnfO{ :jtGq,<br />
cfTdlge{/ Pj+ pGgltzLn u/fpg' /fHosf] d"ne"t cfly{s p2]Zo x'g]5 .<br />
-%_ ;a} lsl;dsf] cfly{s Pj+ ;fdflhs c;dfgtf x6fO{ ljleGg hft, hflt, wd{, efiff, j0f{,<br />
;d'bfo / ;Dk|bfosf aLr ;fdGh:o :yfkgf u/L Gofo / g}ltstfdf cfwfl/t :j:y ;fdflhs<br />
hLjgsf] :yfkgf / ljsf; ug{' /fHosf] ;fdflhs p2]Zo x'g]5 .<br />
-^_ b]zsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, cv08tf / :jtGqtfnfO{ sfod /fvL cGt/f{li6«o hutdf /fli6"o<br />
;Ddfgsf] clej[l4 ug]{ lbzfdf /fHosf] cGt/f{li6«o ;DaGw lgb]{lzt x'g]5 .<br />
#%= /fHosf gLltx¿M<br />
-!_ b]zsf] ;Gt'lnt ljsf;sf nflu cfly{s nufgLsf] Gofof]lrt ljt/0f u/L ;a} If]qsf hgtfsf]<br />
lzIff, :jf:Yo, oftfoft, cfjf; / /f]huf/L h:tf cfwf/e"t s'/fx¿sf] ljsf; u/L hg;fwf/0fsf]<br />
hLjg:t/ j[l4 ug]{ gLlt /fHon] cjnDag ug]{5 .<br />
-@_ ;/sf/L, ;xsfl/tf / lghL If]qsf] dfWodaf6 d'n'sdf cy{tGqsf] ljsf; ug]{ gLlt /fHon]<br />
cjnDag ug]{5 .<br />
-#_ ljleGg wd{, ;+:s[lt, hflt, ;d'bfo, ;Dk|bfo, pTklQ / efiff efifLx¿sf aLr ;dfgtf Pj+<br />
;xcl:tTjsf cfwf/df :j:y / ;'dw'/ ;fdflhs ;DaGw ljsl;t u/L ;a}sf] efiff, ;flxTo,<br />
lnlk, snf / ;+:s[ltsf] ;dfg ljsf;åf/f b]zsf] ;f+:s[lts ljljwtf sfod /fvL /fli6«o PstfnfO{<br />
;'b[9 ug]{ gLlt /fHon] cjnDag ug{]5 .<br />
-$_ /fli6«o lxt cg's"n pkof]uL Pj+ nfebfos ¿kdf b]zsf] k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ;Dkbfsf]<br />
kl/rfng ubf{ :yfgLo ;d'bfonfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg] gLlt /fHon] cjnDag ug]{5 .<br />
87
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(5) The State shall make necessary arrangements <strong>to</strong> ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> the natural<br />
environment. The State shall give priority <strong>to</strong> special protection of the<br />
environment, and rare wildlife, and prevent further damage due <strong>to</strong> physical<br />
development activities, by <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>g awareness of the general public about<br />
environmental cleanl<strong>in</strong>ess. Provision shall be made for the protection of the<br />
forest, vegetation and biodiversity, their susta<strong>in</strong>able use and for equitable<br />
distribution of the benefits derived from them.<br />
(6) The State shall develop the agriculture sec<strong>to</strong>r as an <strong>in</strong>dustry by encourag<strong>in</strong>g<br />
farmers and <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>g productivity, and by creat<strong>in</strong>g conditions for economic<br />
progress of the majority of the people who are dependent on agriculture.<br />
(7) The State shall pursue a policy of enhanc<strong>in</strong>g the participation of the labour<br />
force, as the major socio-economic force <strong>in</strong> the country, <strong>in</strong> the management of<br />
enterprises by ensur<strong>in</strong>g their right <strong>to</strong> work, and by protect<strong>in</strong>g their rights and<br />
<strong>in</strong>terests.<br />
(8) The State shall pursue a policy of encourag<strong>in</strong>g maximum participation of<br />
women <strong>in</strong> national development by mak<strong>in</strong>g special provision for their<br />
education, health and employment.<br />
(9) The State shall pursue a policy of mak<strong>in</strong>g special provision for social security<br />
for the protection and welfare of s<strong>in</strong>gle women, orphans, children, the helpless,<br />
the aged, disabled, <strong>in</strong>capacitated persons and tribes on the verge of ext<strong>in</strong>ction<br />
(10) The State shall pursue a policy which will help <strong>to</strong> uplift the economically<br />
and socially backward <strong>in</strong>digenous ethnic groups [Adivasi Janajati], Madhesis,<br />
Dalits, as well as marg<strong>in</strong>alized communities, and workers and farmers liv<strong>in</strong>g<br />
below the poverty l<strong>in</strong>e by mak<strong>in</strong>g provisions for reservations <strong>in</strong> education,<br />
health, hous<strong>in</strong>g, food security and employment for a certa<strong>in</strong> period of time.<br />
(11) The State shall pursue a policy of giv<strong>in</strong>g priority <strong>to</strong> the development of<br />
science and technology with a view <strong>to</strong> br<strong>in</strong>g about prosperity <strong>in</strong> the country,<br />
and shall also adopt a policy of giv<strong>in</strong>g due consideration <strong>to</strong> the development of<br />
local technology.<br />
(12) The State shall, for the purpose of national development, pursue a policy<br />
of attract<strong>in</strong>g foreign capital and technology, giv<strong>in</strong>g priority <strong>to</strong> national<br />
<strong>in</strong>vestment.<br />
88
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-%_ /fHon] jftfj/0f :jR5 /fVg cfjZos Joj:yf ug] {5 . hg;fwf/0fdf jftfj/0fLo :jR5tfsf]<br />
r]tgf a9fO{ ef}lts ljsf; ;DaGwL lqmofsnfkx¿åf/f jftfj/0fdf k|lts"n c;/ kg{ glbg Pj+<br />
jftfj/0f tyf b'n{e jGohGt'sf] ljz]if ;+/If0fdf /fHon] k|fyldstf lbg]5 . jg / jg:klt tyf<br />
h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, bLuf] pkof]u / To;af6 k|fKt nfedf ;dGoflos afF8kmfF8sf] Joj:yf<br />
ug]{5 .<br />
-^_ /fHon] ls;fgnfO{ k|f]T;fxg u/L s[lif If]qdf pTkfbsTj a9fO{ s[lifdf cfwfl/t clwsf+z<br />
hgtfsf] cfly{s pGglt x'g] cj:yfx¿sf] l;h{gf u/L s[lifnfO{ pBf]usf] ¿kdf ljsf; ug]{5 .<br />
-&_ b]zsf] d'Vo ;fdflhs cfly{s zlQmsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] >dzlQmnfO{ /f]huf/ pknAw u/fO{ sfd<br />
kfpg] clwsf/ ;'lglZrt u/L pgLx¿sf] xs / lxtsf] ;+/If0f ub}{ pBdsf] Joj:yfkgdf<br />
;xeflutf a9fpg] gLlt /fHon] cjnDag ug]{5 .<br />
-*_ dlxnf ju{sf] lzIff, :jf:Yo / /f]huf/Lsf] ljz]if Joj:yf u/L /fli6«o ljsf;df clwsflws<br />
;xefuL agfpg] gLlt /fHon] cjnDag ug]{5 .<br />
-(_ /fHon] Psn dlxnf, cgfy, afnaflnsf, c;xfo, j[4, ckfË, czQm / nf]kf]Gd'v hfltsf]<br />
;+/If0f / pGgltsf nflu ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] ljz]if Joj:yf ug]{ gLlt cjnDag ug]{5 .<br />
-!)_ lzIff, :jf:Yo, cfjf;, vfB;Dk|e'tf / /f]huf/Ldf lglZrt ;dosf nflu cf/If0fsf]<br />
Joj:yf u/L cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ¿kn] lk5l8Psf cflbjf;L hghflt, dw]zL, blnt nufot<br />
;LdfGts[t ;d'bfo tyf ul/aLsf] /]vfd'gLsf dhb'/ ls;fgsf] pTyfg ug] { gLlt /fHon] cjnDag<br />
ug]{5 .<br />
-!!_ b]zsf] pGgltsf nflu lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] ljsf;nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] gLlt /fHon]<br />
cjnDag ug{'sf ;fy} :yfgLo k|ljlwsf] ljsf; ug{] gLlt cjnDag ug{]5 .<br />
-!@_ /fli6«o ljsf;sf] nflu :jb]zL nufgLnfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{ b]zdf j}b]lzs k"FhL / k|ljlwnfO{<br />
cfslif{t ug]{ gLlt /fHon] cjnDag ug]{5 .<br />
89
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(13) The State shall pursue the policy of creat<strong>in</strong>g conditions <strong>to</strong> gradually<br />
accelerate rural development, keep<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> view the welfare of majority of the<br />
rural population.<br />
(14) The State shall pursue a policy of mak<strong>in</strong>g special provision on the basis of<br />
positive discrim<strong>in</strong>ation for the m<strong>in</strong>orities, landless, squatters, bonded<br />
labourers, persons with disability, backward communities and sections, and<br />
the victims of conflict, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g women, Dalits, <strong>in</strong>digenous tribes[Adivasi<br />
Janajati], Madhesis and Muslims.<br />
(15) The State shall pursue a policy of provid<strong>in</strong>g a m<strong>in</strong>imum required piece of<br />
land for settlement <strong>to</strong> the liberated bonded labourers[kamaiyas] hav<strong>in</strong>g<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ed their exact numbers.<br />
(16) The State shall pursue a policy of creat<strong>in</strong>g basic <strong>in</strong>frastructure <strong>to</strong> impart<br />
technical education, tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g and orientation for the development of that class<br />
of people dependent on labour <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g farmers and labourers, <strong>to</strong> motivate<br />
their participation <strong>in</strong> the development process of the country.<br />
(17) The State shall pursue a policy of mak<strong>in</strong>g legal provision for allowances<br />
<strong>to</strong> the aged, <strong>in</strong>capacitated women and the unemployed.<br />
(18) The State shall pursue a policy of modernis<strong>in</strong>g the traditional knowledge,<br />
skills and practices exist<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the country by identify<strong>in</strong>g and protect<strong>in</strong>g them.<br />
(19) The State shall pursue a special policy of regulat<strong>in</strong>g the operation and<br />
management of public and non-governmental organizations established <strong>in</strong><br />
the country.<br />
(20) The State shall pursue a special policy of mobiliz<strong>in</strong>g the youthful human<br />
resources for the development of the country.<br />
(21) The foreign policy of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall be based on the pr<strong>in</strong>ciples of the United<br />
Nations Charter, nonalignment, the pr<strong>in</strong>ciples of Panchsheel, <strong>in</strong>ternational<br />
law and the norms of world peace.<br />
(22) The State shall pursue a policy of mak<strong>in</strong>g cont<strong>in</strong>uous efforts <strong>to</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong>stitutionalize peace <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> through <strong>in</strong>ternational norms and values, by<br />
promot<strong>in</strong>g cooperative and good relations <strong>in</strong> economic, social and other spheres<br />
with neighbour<strong>in</strong>g friendly nations and all other countries of the world, on<br />
the basis of equality.<br />
90
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-!# _ ax';ª\Vos u|fdL0f hgtfsf] lxtnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL u|fdL0f ljsf;sf] ultnfO{ tLa|t/<br />
agfpFb} n}hfg] gLlt /fHon] cjnDag ug]{5 .<br />
-!$_ /fHon] dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt, dw]zL, d'l:nd nufot cNk;ª\Vos, e"ldxLg,<br />
;'s'Daf;L, sd}of, ckfË, lk5l8Psf If]q tyf ;d'bfo / åGå kLl8tsf nflu ;sf/fTds lje]bsf<br />
cfwf/df ljz]if Joj:yf ug]{ gLlt cjnDag ug]{5 .<br />
-!%_ d'Qm sd}ofsf] ;ª\Vof osLg u/L pgLx¿sf] a;f]jf;sf] nflu cfwf/e"t e"ld / /f]huf/Lsf]<br />
Joj:yf ug]{ gLlt /fHon] cjnDag ug]{5 .<br />
-!^_ ls;fg, dhb'/ nufot >ddf cfl>t ju{sf] ljsf;sf] nflu k|fljlws lzIff, tfnLd,<br />
k|lzIf0fsf] cfjZos k"jf{wf/sf] Joj:yf u/L pgLx¿nfO{ /fHosf] ljsf; k|lqmofdf ;xefuL<br />
u/fpg] gLlt /fHon] cjnDag ug]{5 .<br />
-!&_ j[4, czQm dlxnf tyf a]/f]huf/nfO{ sfg"gdf Joj:yf u/L eQf lbg] gLlt cjnDag ug] {5 .<br />
-!*_ d'n'sdf ljBdfg k/Dk/fut 1fg, ;Lk / cEof;sf] klxrfg / ;+/If0f ub{} To;nfO{<br />
cfw'lgsLs/0f ug{] gLlt /fHon] cjnDag ug{]5 .<br />
-!(_ d'n'sdf :yfkgf ePsf ;fj{hlgs tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] ;~rfng / Joj:yfkgdf<br />
lgodg ug{ /fHon] ljz]if gLlt cjnDag ug]{5 .<br />
-@)_ b]zsf] ljsf;df o'jf hgzlQmnfO{ kl/rfng ug{ /fHon] ljz]if gLlt cjnDag ug]{5 .<br />
-@!_ /fHon] ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] a8fkq, c;+nUgtf, k~rzLnsf] l;4fGt, cGt/f{li6«o sfg"g /<br />
ljZjzflGtsf] dfGotfsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf] k//fi6« gLlt lng]5 .<br />
-@@_ l5d]sL ldq /fi6«x¿ / ;+;f/sf c? ;a} d'n'sx¿l;t cfly{s, ;fdflhs Pj+ cGo If]qdf<br />
;dfgtfsf] cfwf/df ;xof]ufTds ;';DaGw sfod u/L g]kfndf zflGtnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o dfGotfsf]<br />
cfwf/df ;+:yfut ub{} hfg] gLlt /fHon] cjnDag ug]{5 .<br />
91
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
36. Questions not <strong>to</strong> be raised <strong>in</strong> court<br />
(1) No question shall be raised <strong>in</strong> any court as <strong>to</strong> whether provisions conta<strong>in</strong>ed<br />
<strong>in</strong> this Part are implemented or not.<br />
(2) The State shall mobilize or cause the mobilization of the required resources<br />
and necessary means for the implementation of the pr<strong>in</strong>ciples and policies<br />
conta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> this Part.<br />
92
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
#^=<br />
cbfntdf k|Zg p7fpg g;lsg]M<br />
-!_ o; efudf n]lvPsf ljifox¿ sfof{Gjog eP jf gePsf] ;DaGwdf s'g} cbfntdf k|Zg<br />
p7fpg ;lsg] 5}g .<br />
-@_ /fHon] o; efudf plNnlvt l;4fGt tyf gLltsf] sfof{Gjog ug{ cfjZostf cg';f/ ;|f]t /<br />
;fwg kl/rfng ug] { jf u/fpg]5 .<br />
93
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
*PART (4A)<br />
THE PRESIDENT AND VICE-PRESIDENT<br />
36A. President:<br />
(1) There shall be a President <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
(2) The President shall be the Head of State and shall perform his/her duties<br />
<strong>in</strong> that capacity accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong> and laws <strong>in</strong> force.<br />
(3) The ma<strong>in</strong> responsibility of the President shall be <strong>to</strong> protect and adhere <strong>to</strong><br />
the <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
#<br />
36B. Election of the President:<br />
(1) The Constituent Assembly shall elect the President on the basis of political<br />
consensus.<br />
(2) If a consensus could not be reached accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> Clause (1), the candidate<br />
who receives a majority of the votes of the <strong>to</strong>tal number of exist<strong>in</strong>g members<br />
of the Constituent Assembly shall be considered elected <strong>to</strong> the post of the<br />
President.<br />
(3) The other procedures relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the election of the President shall be as<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ed by the Constituent Assembly.<br />
(4) If any <strong>in</strong>dividual who is elected <strong>to</strong> the position of the President already<br />
holds a political position through election, nom<strong>in</strong>ation or appo<strong>in</strong>tment, the<br />
position held by such a person au<strong>to</strong>matically becomes vacant.<br />
36C. Term of the President:<br />
The President shall cont<strong>in</strong>ue <strong>in</strong> office until the new constitution is<br />
promulgated by the Constituent Assembly.<br />
36D. Qualifications of the President:<br />
A person shall be eligible <strong>to</strong> be President if she/he fulfils the follow<strong>in</strong>g<br />
qualifications:<br />
(a)She/he is eligible <strong>to</strong> be a member of the Constituent Assembly; and<br />
(b) She/he has atta<strong>in</strong>ed at least 35 years of age.<br />
94<br />
*Part (4A) added on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
# Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read 36b. Election of the Prewdent: The Constituent Assembly shall elect the President.
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adf]lhd lghn] cfk\mgf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{5 .<br />
-#_ ;+ljwfgsf] ;+/If0f / kfngf ug'{ /fi6«kltsf] k|d'v st{Jo x'g]5 .<br />
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-#_ /fi6«kltsf] lgjf{rg ;DaGwL cGo sfo{ljlw ;+ljwfg ;efn] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
-$_ lgjf{rg, dgf]gog jf lgo'lQmåf/f k"lt{ x'g] s'g} klg /fhg}lts kbdf axfn /x]sf] JolQm<br />
/fi6«kltsf] kbdf lgjf{lrt ePdf lghsf] To:tf] kb :jtM l/Qm x'g]5 .<br />
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-v_ sDtLdf k}+tL; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf] .<br />
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#<br />
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/fi6«kltsf] lgjf{rg ;+ljwfg ;efn] ug] {5<br />
95
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
36E. Vacancy <strong>in</strong> office of President:<br />
The office of President shall become vacant under the follow<strong>in</strong>g<br />
circumstances:<br />
(a) If she/he submits his/her resignation <strong>to</strong> the Vice-President;<br />
(b) If an impeachment motion, based on the charges of gross violation of the<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong>, is passed aga<strong>in</strong>st the President by at least two-thirds majority<br />
of the <strong>to</strong>tal number of exist<strong>in</strong>g members of the Constituent Assembly; or<br />
(c) If she/he dies.<br />
36F. Oath of President:<br />
(1) The President shall take the oath of office and secrecy before the Chief Justice <strong>in</strong> accordance<br />
with Schedule-1 <strong>in</strong> the official <strong>Nepal</strong>i language, before assum<strong>in</strong>g the responsibilities of office.<br />
(2) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g whatsoever is written <strong>in</strong> Clause (1), if the President wishes <strong>to</strong> take oath <strong>in</strong><br />
his/her mother <strong>to</strong>ngue spoken <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong>, a copy of the text of oath translated <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> the mother <strong>to</strong>ngue<br />
accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the same Clause should be submitted <strong>to</strong> the Office of the President twenty-four hours before<br />
the oath tak<strong>in</strong>g ceremony.<br />
(3) After tak<strong>in</strong>g the oath of office by the President accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> this Article, the copy of the<br />
oath has <strong>to</strong> be signed and submitted <strong>to</strong> the Office of the President.<br />
Provided that, the oath is taken <strong>in</strong> his/her mother <strong>to</strong>ngue spoken <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong>, the copy of the text of oath<br />
<strong>in</strong> the official <strong>Nepal</strong>i language and the copy of the text of oath <strong>in</strong> the said <strong>Nepal</strong>i mother <strong>to</strong>ngue should<br />
be signed and submitted <strong>to</strong> the Office of the President.<br />
(4) The Office of the President shall keep a record of the oath taken <strong>in</strong> accordance with this<br />
Article.<br />
36G. Vice-President:<br />
(1) There shall be a Vice-President <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
(2) The Vice-President shall perform the duties of the President <strong>in</strong> his absence,<br />
or until a new president is elected <strong>in</strong> the case when the position falls vacant<br />
accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> Article 36E.<br />
#<br />
(3) If any <strong>in</strong>dividual who is elected <strong>to</strong> the position of the Vice-President<br />
already holds a political position through election, nom<strong>in</strong>ation or<br />
appo<strong>in</strong>tment, the position held by such a person au<strong>to</strong>matically becomes<br />
vacant.<br />
96<br />
36H. Vacancy <strong>in</strong> office of the Vice-President<br />
ice-President:<br />
The office of Vice-President shall become vacant under the follow<strong>in</strong>g<br />
circumstances:<br />
(a) If she/he submits his/her resignation <strong>to</strong> the President;<br />
(b) If an impeachment motion aga<strong>in</strong>st the Vice President, based on charges<br />
of gross violation of the <strong>Constitution</strong>, is passed by at least two-thirds majority<br />
of the <strong>to</strong>tal number of exist<strong>in</strong>g members of the Constituent Assembly<br />
members present; or<br />
# Added on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065.<br />
Ammended on 2066 Magh 17 (January 31, 2010) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Seventh Amendment) Act, 2066.
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-s_ lghn] pk/fi6«klt ;dIf /flhgfdf lbPdf,<br />
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{5 .<br />
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{{{{{ kg]<br />
{5 .<br />
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/fi6«kltsf] sfof{no ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .<br />
t/ g]kfndf af]lng] cfˆgf] dft[efiffdf zky lnPsf]df ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] g]kfnL efiff /<br />
cfkm'n] zky lnPsf] cGo g]kfnL dft[efiffsf] zkysf] k|ltdf ;d]t x:tfIf/ u/L /fi6«kltsf] sfof{no ;dIf<br />
k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .<br />
-$_ o; wf/f adf]lhd lnPsf] zkysf] clen]v /fi6«kltsf] sfof{non] /fVg]5 .<br />
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-!_ g]kfndf Pshgf pk/fi6«klt x'g]5 .<br />
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cg'kl:yltdf /fi6«kltaf6 ul/g] sfo{x? pk/fi6«kltaf6 ;Dkfbg ul/g]5 .<br />
# -#_ lgjf{rg, dgf]gog jf lgo'lQmåf/f k"lt{ x'g] s'g} klg /fhg}lts kbdf axfn /x]sf] JolQm<br />
pk/fi6«kltsf] kbdf lgjf{lrt ePdf lghsf] To:tf] kb :jtM l/Qm x'g]5 .<br />
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b]xfosf] cj:yfdf pk/fi6«klt cfk\mgf] kbaf6 d'Qm x'g]5M–<br />
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#<br />
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g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -;ftf} + ;+zf]wg_, @)^^ -@)^^ df3 !&_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt<br />
97
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(c) If she/he dies.<br />
36I.<br />
Other provisions regard<strong>in</strong>g the Vice-President:<br />
(1) # The qualifications of, and the provisions regard<strong>in</strong>g the election process<br />
for, and tenure of office the Vice-President shall be the same as for the President.<br />
(2) The Vice-President shall take the oath of office and secrecy before the<br />
President <strong>in</strong> accordance with Schedule-1a <strong>in</strong> official <strong>Nepal</strong>i language, before<br />
assum<strong>in</strong>g the responsibilities of the office.<br />
(3) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g whatsoever is written <strong>in</strong> Clause (2), if the Vice-President<br />
wishes <strong>to</strong> take oath <strong>in</strong> his/her mother <strong>to</strong>ngue spoken <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong>, a copy of text of oath<br />
translated <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> the mother <strong>to</strong>ngue accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the same Clause should be submitted<br />
<strong>to</strong> the Office of the President twenty-four hours before the oath tak<strong>in</strong>g ceremony.”<br />
(4) After tak<strong>in</strong>g of oath of office accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> this Article, the Vice-President<br />
shall sign on the copy and submit the copy of the oath taken <strong>to</strong> the Office of the<br />
President.<br />
Provided that, the oath is taken <strong>in</strong> his/her mother <strong>to</strong>ngue spoken <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong>, the<br />
copy of the text of oath <strong>in</strong> the official <strong>Nepal</strong>i language and the copy of the text of oath<br />
<strong>in</strong> the said <strong>Nepal</strong>i mother <strong>to</strong>ngue should be signed and submitted <strong>to</strong> the Office of the<br />
President.<br />
(5) The Office of the President shall keep a record of the oath taken <strong>in</strong><br />
accordance with this Article.<br />
36J. Remuneration and other benefits of the President and the Vice-<br />
President:<br />
The remuneration and other benefits of the President and the Vice-President<br />
shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by an Act, and until so determ<strong>in</strong>ed these shall be as<br />
specified by the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
##<br />
36K. Secretariate of the President and Vice-President:<br />
Separate offices shall be set up <strong>to</strong> assist the work of the President and the<br />
Vice-President<br />
(2) The Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall provide personnel and other management<br />
<strong>to</strong> support the work of the office under clause (1).<br />
# Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065.<br />
98<br />
## Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read 36K. Secretariat of the President: (1) There shall be a Secretariat <strong>to</strong> assist <strong>in</strong> the President's work. (1). The Government<br />
of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall provide personnel and other management <strong>to</strong> support the work of the offices under Clause (1)<br />
(2) The Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall provide required personnel and make necessary arrangements for the carry<strong>in</strong>g out of the<br />
work of the Secretariat accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> Clause (1)<br />
Ammended on 2066 Magh 17 (January 31, 2010) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Seventh Amendment) Act, 2066.
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x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ pk/fi6«kltn] cfˆgf] sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg' cl3 cg';'lr–!s= adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf ;/sf/L<br />
sfdsfhsf] g]kfnL efiffdf /fi6«klt ;dIf kb tyf uf]klgotfsf] zky lng' kg]{5 .<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg pk/fi6«kltn] g]kfndf af]lng] cfˆgf]<br />
dft[efiffdf zky lng rfx]df ;f]xL pkwf/f adf]lhdsf] zkysf] 9fFrfsf] Joxf]/f cfˆgf]<br />
dft[efiffdf cg'jfb u/L To;sf] Ps k|lt zky u|x0fsf nflu tf]lsPsf] ldlteGbf rf}aL; 306f<br />
cufj} /fi6«kltsf] sfof{no ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .<br />
-$_ o; wf/f adf]lhd pk/fi6«kltn] zky lnPkl5 cfkm'n] lnPsf] zkysf] k|ltdf<br />
x:tfIf/ u/L /fi6«kltsf] sfof{no ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .<br />
t/ g]kfndf af]lng] cfˆgf] dft[efiffdf zky lnPsf]df ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] g]kfnL efiff<br />
/ cfkm'n] zky lnPsf] cGo g]kfnL dft[efiffsf] zkysf] k|ltdf ;d]t x:tfIf/ u/L /fi6«kltsf]<br />
sfof{no ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .<br />
-%_ o; wf/f adf]lhd lnPsf] zkysf] clen]v /fi6«kltsf] sfof{non] /fVg]5 .<br />
#^`= /fi6«klt / pk/fi6«kltsf] kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf M<br />
/fi6«klt / pk/fi6«kltsf] kfl/>lds tyf cGo ;'ljwf P]gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd x'g]5 /<br />
To:tf] P]g gag];Dd g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
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-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfof{nosf] sfd sf/afxL ;~rfng ug{ cfjZos<br />
sd{rf/L tyf Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL cGo s'/fx? g]kfn ;/sf/n] Joj:yf ug]{5 .<br />
#<br />
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##<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM #^6= /fi6«kltsf] ;lrjfno M -!_<br />
/fi6«kltsf] sfo{nfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpgsf] nflu Ps ;lrjfno /xg]5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;lrnfjosf] sfd sf/afxL ;~rfng ug{ cfjZos sd{rf/L tyf Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL cGo s'/fx? g]kfn ;/sf/n]<br />
Joj:yf ug] {5 .<br />
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99
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 5<br />
THE EXECUTIVE<br />
37. Executive power<br />
(1) The executive power of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall, pursuant <strong>to</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong> and<br />
other laws, be vested <strong>in</strong> the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters.<br />
(2) The responsibility for issu<strong>in</strong>g general directives, controll<strong>in</strong>g and regulat<strong>in</strong>g<br />
the adm<strong>in</strong>istration of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall, subject <strong>to</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong> and other laws,<br />
lie <strong>in</strong> the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters.<br />
(3) The executive functions of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall be exercised <strong>in</strong> the name of the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
(4) Any decision or order or implementation warrant <strong>to</strong> be issued <strong>in</strong> the name<br />
of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>, pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (3) above, shall be authenticated<br />
as prescribed by law.<br />
38. <strong>Constitution</strong> of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters<br />
(1) The Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister shall be selected by political consensus and the Council<br />
of M<strong>in</strong>isters shall be formed under the chairpersonship of the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister.<br />
#<br />
(2) If consensus could not be reached pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1), the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
shall be elected by a majority of ## the <strong>to</strong>tal number of exist<strong>in</strong>g members of the<br />
Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(3) The structure of, and allocation of portfolios <strong>to</strong>, the Interim Council of<br />
M<strong>in</strong>isters shall be determ<strong>in</strong>ed by consensus.<br />
(4) The Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters shall consist of a Deputy Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister and<br />
other M<strong>in</strong>isters as required.<br />
100<br />
#<br />
Removed on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim Constituion of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fifth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read. Explanation: For the purpose of this Consitution "political consensus" means the political consensus reached between the<br />
seven political parties - <strong>Nepal</strong>i Congress, Communist Party of <strong>Nepal</strong> (UML), ** Janamorcha <strong>Nepal</strong>, <strong>Nepal</strong> Sadbhawana Party<br />
(Anandidevi), <strong>Nepal</strong> Majdur Kisan Party, Samyukta Bam Morcha <strong>Nepal</strong> - Communist Party of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Maoist) on 22 Kartik<br />
2063 (November 8, 2006)<br />
** The words <strong>Nepal</strong>i Congress (Democratic) is deleted on 2064 Poush 13 (28 December 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong> (Third Amendment)<br />
## Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fifth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: Two-thirds of the members .
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sfo{kflnsf<br />
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sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/M<br />
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/ ;~rfng ug]{ cleef/f dlGqkl/ifb\ pk/ x'g]5 .<br />
-#_ g]kfnsf] sfo{sfl/0fL sfdx¿ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf x'g]5 .<br />
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf x'g] lg0f{o jf cfb]z / tT;DaGwL clwsf/kqsf]<br />
k|df0fLs/0f sfg"gåf/f Joj:yf eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
#*= dlGqkl/ifb\sf] u7gM<br />
-!_ /fhg}lts ;xdltsf cfwf/df k|wfgdGqL / lghsf] cWoIftfdf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] u7g x'g]5 .<br />
#<br />
##<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd ;xdlt sfod x'g g;s]df Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] tTsfn sfod /x]sf<br />
;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] ax'dtsf] cfwf/df k|wfgdGqL lgjf{lrt x'g]5 .<br />
-#_ cGtl/d dlGqkl/ifb\sf] ;+/rgf / sfo{ ljefhg cfk;L ;xdltaf6 <strong>to</strong> ul/g]5 .<br />
-$_ dlGqkl/ifb\df cfjZostf cg';f/ pk-k|wfgdGqL / cGo dGqLx¿ /xg] 5g\ .<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf}+ ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f lemlsPsf] . klxnf] Joj:yf M<br />
:ki6Ls/0f M o; ;+ljwfgsf] k|of]hgsf nflu æ/fhg}lts ;xldtÆ eGgfn] ;Djt\ @)^# ;fn sflt{s @@ ut] /fhg}lts ;xdlt sfod<br />
ug]{ g]kfnL sf+u|];, g]skf -Pdfn]_, ** hgdf]rf{ g]kfn, g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{ -cfgGbLb]jL_, g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{, ;+o'Qm jfd df]rf{<br />
g]kfn ;lxtsf ;ft /fhg}lts bnx? / g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ aLrsf] ;xldt ;Demg' k5{ .<br />
** g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ k'; !# ut]_ åf/f g]kfnL sf+u|]; -k|hftflGqs_ eGg] zAb lemlsPsf]<br />
##<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf}+ ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn]sf] Joj:yf M b'O{ ltxfO{ ;b:osf]<br />
101
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Explanation: For the purpose of this Article the word 'M<strong>in</strong>ister' shall also<br />
mean a M<strong>in</strong>ister of State who holds an <strong>in</strong>dependent portfolio <strong>in</strong> a M<strong>in</strong>istry.<br />
(5) The Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister shall appo<strong>in</strong>t M<strong>in</strong>isters on the recommendation of the<br />
political parties concerned from among the members of the Legislature-<br />
Parliament.<br />
(6) The Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister and other M<strong>in</strong>isters shall be collectively responsible <strong>to</strong><br />
the Legislature-Parliament, and the M<strong>in</strong>isters shall be <strong>in</strong>dividually responsible<br />
<strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister and the Legislature-Parliament for the work of their<br />
respective M<strong>in</strong>istries.<br />
(7) The Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister shall cease <strong>to</strong> hold office <strong>in</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g circumstances<br />
a) if he or she submits a written resignation *<strong>to</strong> the President,<br />
<br />
(1a) if a vote of no-confidence is passed aga<strong>in</strong>st him/her pursuant <strong>to</strong><br />
Article 55<br />
b) if he/she ceases <strong>to</strong> be a member of the Legislature-Parliament; or<br />
c) if he/she dies.<br />
(8) The Deputy Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister, M<strong>in</strong>isters, State M<strong>in</strong>isters and Assistant M<strong>in</strong>isters<br />
shall cease <strong>to</strong> hold their respective offices <strong>in</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g circumstances<br />
(a) if he or she submits a written resignation <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister,<br />
(b) if the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister ceases <strong>to</strong> hold his/her office pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (7),<br />
(c) if he/she is removed from his/her office by the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister upon the<br />
recommendation of or <strong>in</strong> consultation with the party concerned, or<br />
(d) if he/she dies.<br />
(9) If the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister ceases <strong>to</strong> hold office pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (7), the exist<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters shall cont<strong>in</strong>ue <strong>to</strong> function until a new Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters is<br />
constituted.<br />
(10) In the case of the death of the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister, the Deputy Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister or the<br />
seniormost M<strong>in</strong>ister shall act as Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister until a new Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister is<br />
selected.<br />
* Amended on 2065 Jesth 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: <strong>to</strong> the speaker of legislature parliament.<br />
Added on 2064 Jestha 30 (June 13, 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Second Amendment) Act, 2064.<br />
102
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
:ki6Ls/0fM o; wf/fsf] k|of]hgsf nflu ædGqLÆ eGgfn] dGqfnosf] 5'§} sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg] /fHo<br />
dGqL ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .<br />
-%_ k|wfgdGqLn] dGqL lgo'lQm ubf{ ;DalGwt bnsf] l;kmfl/;df Joj:yflksf– ;+;bsf] ;b:ox¿<br />
dWo]af6 lgo'lQm ug' { kg{ ]5 .<br />
-^_ k|wfgdGqL / cGo dGqLx¿ Joj:yflksf–;+;bk|lt ;fd"lxs ¿kdf pQ/bfoL x'g]5g\ /<br />
dGqLx¿ cfˆgf dGqfnosf] sfdsf nflu JolQmut ¿kdf k|wfgdGqL / Joj:yflksf–;+;bk|lt<br />
pQ/bfoL x'g]5g\ .<br />
-&_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf k|wfgdGqL cfˆgf] kbaf6 d'Qm x'g]5M–<br />
-s_ */fi6«klt ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,<br />
-s!_ wf/f %%s adf]lhd lghsf] lj¿4 cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj kfl/t ePdf,<br />
-v_ lgh Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;b:o g/x]df, jf<br />
-u_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .<br />
-*_ pk–k|wfgdGqL, dGqL, /fHo dGqL tyf ;xfos dGqL b]xfosf cj:yfdf cfˆgf] kbaf6 d'Qm<br />
x'g]5g\ M–<br />
-s_ lghn] k|wfgdGqL ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,<br />
-v_ pkwf/f -&_ adf]lhd k|wfgdGqL cfˆgf] kbaf6 d'Qm ePdf,<br />
-u_ ;DalGwt bnsf] l;kmfl/;df jf ;DalGwt bn;Fusf] ;Nnfxdf k|wfgdGqLn] lghnfO{<br />
kbd'Qm u/]df, jf<br />
-3_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .<br />
-(_ pkwf/f -&_ adf]lhd k|wfgdGqL cfˆgf] kbaf6 d'Qm ePklg csf] { dlGqkl/ifb\ u7g geP;Dd<br />
;f]xL dlGqkl/ifb\n] sfo{ ;~rfng u/L /xg]5 .<br />
-!)_ k|wfgdGqLsf] d[To' ePdf gofF k|wfgdGqLsf] rog geP;Ddsf] nflu pk–k|wfgdGqL jf<br />
jl/i7td dGqLn] k|wfgdGqLsf] ¿kdf sfo{ ;~rfng ug]{5 .<br />
* g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f yk ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yf M Joj:yflksf ;+;bsf] ;efd'v<br />
;dIf<br />
<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ h]7 #) ut]_ åf/f yk<br />
103
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
39. State M<strong>in</strong>isters and Assistant M<strong>in</strong>isters<br />
(1) The Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister may, on the recommendation of the political party<br />
concerned, appo<strong>in</strong>t any M<strong>in</strong>ister of State from among the members of<br />
Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(2) The Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister may, on the recommendation of the political party<br />
concerned, appo<strong>in</strong>t any Assistant M<strong>in</strong>ister from among the members of<br />
Legislature-Parliament <strong>to</strong> assist any M<strong>in</strong>ister <strong>in</strong> carry<strong>in</strong>g out his/her<br />
responsibility.<br />
40. Appo<strong>in</strong>tment of non-member of Legislature-Parliament as M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> Articles 38 and 39, the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
may appo<strong>in</strong>t any person who is not a member of Legislature-Parliament as<br />
Deputy Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister, M<strong>in</strong>ister, State M<strong>in</strong>ister or Assistant- M<strong>in</strong>ister †on the<br />
basis of political consensus.<br />
41. Remuneration and other benefits<br />
The remuneration and other benefits of the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister, Deputy Prime<br />
M<strong>in</strong>ister, M<strong>in</strong>isters, State M<strong>in</strong>isters and Assistant M<strong>in</strong>isters shall be as<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ed by an Act. Until so determ<strong>in</strong>ed, they shall be as specified by the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
42. Oath<br />
The Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister shall take his/her oath of office and secrecy *before the<br />
President, and the Deputy Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister, M<strong>in</strong>isters, State M<strong>in</strong>isters and<br />
Assistant M<strong>in</strong>isters shall take their oath of office and secrecy before the Prime<br />
M<strong>in</strong>ister.<br />
43. Conduct of bus<strong>in</strong>ess of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
(1) The conduct of bus<strong>in</strong>ess of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall be carried out<br />
consistently with the aspirations of the united people's movement, political<br />
consensus and culture of mutual cooperation. The common m<strong>in</strong>imum<br />
programme prepared through mutual agreement shall be the basis of the<br />
policies of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
104<br />
† Words added on 2064 Jestha 30 (June 13, 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Second Amendment) Act, 2064.<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jesth 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: before the Legislature - Parliament
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
#(= /fHo dGqL / ;xfos dGqLM<br />
-!_ k|wfgdGqLn] Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;b:ox¿ dWo]af6 ;DalGwt /fhg}lts bnsf] l;kmfl/;df<br />
/fHo dGqL lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
-@_ k|wfgdGqLn] s'g} dGqLnfO{ lghsf] sfo{ef/ ;~rfngdf ;xfotf ug{ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf]<br />
;b:ox¿ dWo]af6 ;DalGwt /fhg}lts bnsf] l;kmfl/;df ;xfos dGqL lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
$)= Joj:yflksf—;+;bsf] ;b:o gePsf] JolQm dGqL kbdf lgo'Qm x'g ;Sg]M<br />
wf/f #* / #( df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg k|wfgdGqLn] †/fhgLlts ;xdltsf] cfwf/df<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;b:o gePsf] s'g} JolQmnfO{ pk–k|wfgdGqL, dGqL, /fHo dGqL jf ;xfos<br />
dGqL kbdf lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
$!= kfl/>lds tyf cGo ;'ljwfx¿M<br />
k|wfgdGqL, pk–k|wfgdGqL, dGqL, /fHo dGqL / ;xfos dGqLx¿sf] kfl/>lds / cGo ;'ljwfx¿<br />
P]gåf/f lgwf{/0f x'g]5 . ;f] adf]lhd P]gåf/f lgwf{/0f geP;Dd g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s] adf]lhd<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
$@=<br />
zkyM<br />
k|wfgdGqLn] */fi6«klt ;dIf / pk–k|wfgdGqL, dGqL, /fHo dGqL tyf ;xfos dGqLn] k|wfgdGqL<br />
;dIf cfˆgf] kb / uf]kgLotfsf] zky u|x0f ug'{ kg]{5 .<br />
$#= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] sfo{ ;~rfngM<br />
-!_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;~rfng ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf] efjgf, /fhg}lts ;xdlt / ;xsfo{sf]<br />
;+:s[lt cg'¿k ul/g]5 . g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;~rfngsf] gLltut cfwf/ cfk;L ;xdltaf6 <strong>to</strong>f/<br />
ul/Psf] Go"gtd ;femf sfo{qmd x'g]5 .<br />
† g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ h]7 #) ut]_ åf/f yk<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;dIf .<br />
105
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(2) The allocation of portfolios and transaction of bus<strong>in</strong>ess of the Government<br />
of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall be carried out as provided for <strong>in</strong> rules approved by the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
(3) No question shall be raised <strong>in</strong> any court as <strong>to</strong> whether or not rules made<br />
pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (2) above have been observed.<br />
44. The Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters after the formation of Constituent Assembly<br />
After the formation of the Constituent Assembly, the exercise of the executive<br />
power, constitution of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters and other matters related there<strong>to</strong><br />
shall, mutatis mutandis, be <strong>in</strong> accordance with the provisions <strong>in</strong> this Part.<br />
106
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t lgodfjnL adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/sf] sfo{ ljefhg / sfo{ ;Dkfbg<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ cGtu{tsf] lgodfjnLsf] kfngf eof] jf ePg eGg] k|Zg s'g} cbfntdf p7fpg<br />
;lsg] 5}g .<br />
$$= ;+ljwfg ;efsf] u7g ePkl5sf] dlGqkl/ifb\M<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf] u7g ePkl5 sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/sf] k|of]u, dlGqkl/ifb\sf] u7g / tT;DaGwL<br />
cGo s'/f cfjZos x]/km]/ ;lxt o;} efudf n]lvPsf] Joj:yf adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
107
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 6<br />
LEGISLATURE-PARLIAMENT<br />
#<br />
# Articles 45, 46, 47, 48 and 49 removed by the Interim constituion of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fifth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: as shown <strong>in</strong> the box below.<br />
45. <strong>Constitution</strong> of Legislature-Parliament<br />
(1) There shall be a unicameral Legislature-Parliament <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> which shall consist<br />
of the follow<strong>in</strong>g 330 members as set out <strong>in</strong> schedule 2<br />
(a) 209 members of the seven political parties and other parties who were<br />
sitt<strong>in</strong>g as elected members of the House of Representatives and National<br />
Assembly immediately before the commencement of this <strong>Constitution</strong>,<br />
Explanation: The phrase "Seven Political Parties" means <strong>Nepal</strong>i Congress,<br />
Communist Party of <strong>Nepal</strong> (UML), † Janamorcha <strong>Nepal</strong>, <strong>Nepal</strong> Sadbhawana<br />
(Anandidevi), <strong>Nepal</strong> Majdur Kisan Party and Samyukta Bam Morcha<br />
(United Left Front), which reached a political understand<strong>in</strong>g on Kartik 22,<br />
2063 (November 8, 2006),<br />
† The words <strong>Nepal</strong>i Congress (Democratic) is deleted on 2064 Paush 13 (28<br />
December 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Third Amendment)<br />
(b) 73 members on behalf of Communist Party of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Maoist),<br />
(c) 48 members nom<strong>in</strong>ated by consensus from the Samyukta Bam Morcha,<br />
people-based and professional organizations, oppressed communities,<br />
backward regions, <strong>in</strong>digenous ethnic groups[Adivasi Janajati], and from<br />
among women and various political personalities.<br />
(2) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> clause (1), persons who were<br />
aga<strong>in</strong>st the People's Movement shall not be <strong>in</strong> the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(3) The Legislature-Parliament shall be conducted on the basis of political consensus.<br />
(4) The term of the Legislature-Parliament shall come <strong>to</strong> an end follow<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
first meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Constituent Assembly.<br />
(5) If any seat of a member of the Legislature-Parliament falls vacant, for any<br />
reason, the vacancy shall be filled for the rema<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g period by nom<strong>in</strong>ation by<br />
the same political party or group which the member was represent<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
108
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu ^<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;b<br />
#<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf}F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f wf/f $%, $^, $&, $* /<br />
$( x6fOPsf] . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfnfO{ aS;df lbOPsf] 5 .<br />
$%= Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] u7gM<br />
-!_ g]kfndf Ps ;bgfTds Joj:yflksf–;+;b /xg]5 h;df b]xfo adf]lhdsf cg';"rL–@ df<br />
plNnlvt ##) ;b:o /xg]5g\ M—<br />
-s_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'g'eGbf tTsfn cl3 sfod /x]sf] k|ltlglw;ef / /fli6«o;efsf ;ft<br />
/fhg}lts bn / cGo bnsf lgjf{lrt ;b:ox¿ ;d]t u/L @)( hgf,<br />
:ki6Ls/0fM æ;ft /fhg}lts bnÆ eGgfn] ;Djt\ @)^# ;fn sflt{s @@ ut] /fhg}lts<br />
;xdlt sfod ug] { g]kfnL sf+u| ];, g]skf -Pdfn]_, † hgdf]rf{ g]kfn, g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{<br />
-cfgGbLb]jL_, g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{ / ;+o'Qm jfd df]rf{nfO{ hgfpF5 .<br />
†<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ k'; !# ut]_ åf/f g]kfnL sf+u|];<br />
-k|hftflGqs_ eGg] zAb lemlsPsf]<br />
-v_ g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] tkm{af6 &# hgf,<br />
-u_ ;+o'Qm jfd df]rf{, hgjuL{o tyf k]zfut ;Ë7g, pTkLl8t hflt, lk5l8Psf] If]q,<br />
cflbjf;L hghflt / dlxnf tyf /fhg}lts JolQmTjx¿af6 ;xdltsf cfwf/df dgf]gLt<br />
$* hgf .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg hgcfGbf]ngsf] ljkIfdf /x]sf JolQmx¿<br />
Joj:yflksf-;+;bdf /xg] 5}gg\ .<br />
-#_ Joj:yflksf–;+;b /fhg}lts ;xdltsf cfwf/df ;~rfng ul/g]5 .<br />
-$_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] sfo{sfn ;+ljwfg ;efsf] klxnf] a}7s a;]kl5 ;dfKt x'g]5 .<br />
-%_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] s'g} ;b:osf] :yfg s'g} sf/0fn] l/Qm ePdf afFsL cjlwsf] nflu h'g<br />
/fhg}lts bn jf ;d"xaf6 k|ltlglwTj ePsf] xf] ;f]xL /fhg}lts bn jf ;d"xaf6 dgf]gog eO{<br />
l/Qm :yfg k"lt{ x'g]5 .<br />
109
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
*(6) The Speaker shall notify the Assembly if the vacant seat of any member is<br />
filled by nom<strong>in</strong>ation accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> clause (5) of Article 45 and <strong>in</strong>form it about<br />
the removal of the name of the member from the relevant part of Schedule 2 and<br />
the add<strong>in</strong>g of the name of the nom<strong>in</strong>ated member <strong>in</strong> alphabetical order. If the<br />
Legislature-Parliament is not <strong>in</strong> session such notice shall be put on the notice<br />
board of the Legislature-Parliament. The name of the nom<strong>in</strong>ated member shall<br />
be deemed <strong>to</strong> be <strong>in</strong>cluded <strong>in</strong> the relevant part of Schedule 2 after the procedures<br />
specified <strong>in</strong> this clause are completed.<br />
* Added on 2064 Paush 13 (28 December 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Third Amendment)<br />
46. Qualifications for membership<br />
In order <strong>to</strong> be a member of the Legislature-Parliament, a person must satisfy the<br />
follow<strong>in</strong>g qualifications<br />
(a) be a citizen of <strong>Nepal</strong>,<br />
(b) have atta<strong>in</strong>ed at least twenty-five years of age,<br />
(c) be committed <strong>to</strong> the spirit of the peoples' movement,<br />
(d) not be hold<strong>in</strong>g any office of profit.<br />
Explanation: For the purpose of sub-clause (d), "office of profit" means any<br />
position, other than a political position, filled by election or nom<strong>in</strong>ation, for<br />
which remuneration or economic benefit is paid out of a Government Fund.<br />
47. Decision as <strong>to</strong> disqualification of members<br />
If a question arises as <strong>to</strong> whether a member of Legislature-Parliament is<br />
disqualified or has ceased <strong>to</strong> possess any of the qualifications set out <strong>in</strong> Article<br />
46, the f<strong>in</strong>al decision shall be made by the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
48. Vacation of seat<br />
The seat of a member of the Legislature-Parliament becomes vacant <strong>in</strong> the<br />
follow<strong>in</strong>g circumstances<br />
(a) if he/she resigns <strong>in</strong> writ<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
(b) if he/she does not have the qualifications specified <strong>in</strong> Article 46,<br />
(c) if the party he/she represented gives notice that he/she is no longer <strong>in</strong><br />
the party,<br />
(d) if the tenure of the Legislature-Parliament expires, or<br />
(e) if he/she dies.<br />
49. Oath<br />
Each member of the Legislature-Parliament shall, before tak<strong>in</strong>g part for the first<br />
time <strong>in</strong> the Legislature-Parliament meet<strong>in</strong>g, take an oath <strong>in</strong> the specified form.<br />
110
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
*-^_ pkwf/f -%_ adf]lhd dgf]gLt eO{ l/Qm :yfgsf] k"lt{ ePsf]df To;/L l/Qm ePsf] ;b:osf]<br />
gfd cg';"rL–@ sf] ;DalGwt v08af6 x6]sf] / ;f]xL v08df To;/L dgf]gog ePsf] ;b:osf]<br />
gfd j0ff{g'qmd cg';f/ ;dfj]z ePsf] ;"rgf ;efd'vn] ;efnfO{ lbg' kg] {5 . Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf]<br />
clwj]zg jf a}7s grn]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] ;"rgf Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;"rgf–kf6Ldf k|sfzg<br />
ug'{ kg]{5 . o; pkwf/f adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof k"/f ePkl5 dgf]gLt ;b:osf] gfd cg';"rL–@ sf]<br />
;DalGwt v08df ;dfj]z ePsf] dflgg]5<br />
* g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ k'; !# ut]_ åf/f yk<br />
$^=<br />
$&=<br />
;b:osf nflu of]UotfM<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;b:o x'gsf nflu s'g} klg JolQmn] b]xfosf] of]Uotf k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5M–<br />
-s_ g]kfnsf] gful/s,<br />
-v_ sDtLdf kRrL; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf],<br />
-u_ hgcfGbf]ngsf] efjgfk|lt k|ltj4 /x]sf],<br />
-3_ s'g} nfesf] kb wf/0f gu/]sf] .<br />
:ki6Ls/0fM o; wf/fsf] v08 -3_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ænfesf] kbÆ eGgfn] lgjf{lrt jf<br />
dgf]gogåf/f k"lt{ ul/g] /fhg}lts kb afx]s ;/sf/L sf]ifaf6 kfl/>lds jf cfly{s ;'ljwf kfpg]<br />
cGo kb ;Demg' k5{ .<br />
;b:osf] cof]Uotf ;DaGwL lg0f{oM<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] s'g} ;b:o wf/f $^ cg';f/ cof]Uo 5 jf x'g uPsf] 5 eGg] k|Zg p7]df<br />
To;sf] clGtd lg0f{o Joj:yflksf–;+;bn] ug{ ]5 .<br />
$*= :yfg l/QmtfM<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;b:osf] :yfg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf l/Qm x'g]5M–<br />
-s_ lghn] lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,<br />
-v_ wf/f $^ adf]lhd lghsf] of]Uotf gePdf,<br />
-u_ h'g /fhg}lts bnaf6 k|ltlglwTj u/]sf] xf] ;f] /fhg}lts bndf g/x]sf] ;"rgf ;DalGwt<br />
bnn] hfgsf/L u/fPdf,<br />
-3_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] sfo{sfn ;dfKt ePdf, jf<br />
-ª_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .<br />
$(= zkyM<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] k|To]s ;b:on] Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] klxnf] a}7sdf efu lng'eGbf cl3<br />
lgwf{l/t ¿kdf zky lng' kg] {5 .<br />
111
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
50. Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislature-Parliament<br />
(1) The Legislature-Parliament shall elect a Speaker and a Deputy Speaker<br />
from among its members by political consensus. If a consensus cannot be<br />
reached, a majority of two-thirds of its <strong>to</strong>tal members shall elect them. If the<br />
office of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker falls vacant, the Legislature-<br />
Parliament shall fill the vacancy through election from among its members.<br />
(2) The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislature-Parliament shall not<br />
be members of the same political party.<br />
(3) In the absence of the Speaker of the Legislature-Parliament, the Deputy<br />
Speaker shall chair the meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(4) If the election of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker has not taken place, or if both<br />
the positions become vacant, the member who is the seniormost by age among the<br />
members present, shall preside over the meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(5) The office of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker shall become vacant <strong>in</strong> the<br />
follow<strong>in</strong>g circumstances<br />
(a) if he or she ceases <strong>to</strong> be a member of the Legislature-Parliament,<br />
(b) if he or she submits a written resignation,<br />
(c) if a resolution is adopted by a majority of two-thirds of the <strong>to</strong>tal number<br />
of members exist<strong>in</strong>g for the time be<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the Legislature-Parliament, <strong>to</strong><br />
the effect that his or her conduct is not compatible with his or her position.<br />
(6) The Deputy Speaker shall preside over the meet<strong>in</strong>g at which deliberations<br />
are <strong>to</strong> be held on a resolution that the conduct of the Speaker is not compatible<br />
with his or her position. The Speaker shall be entitled <strong>to</strong> take part and vote <strong>in</strong><br />
the deliberations on such a resolution.<br />
51. Summon<strong>in</strong>g and prorogation of sessions<br />
(1) # The President shall, on the recommendation of the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister, summon<br />
sessions of the Legislature-Parliament from time <strong>to</strong> time,<br />
(2) ## The President on the recommendation of the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister shall prorogue<br />
the session of the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
112<br />
# Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: The Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister ... for the first time ... and Subsequent sessions.<br />
## Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: The Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister shall, <strong>in</strong> consultation with the Speaker
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
%)= Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;efd'v / pk–;efd'vM<br />
-!_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bn] cfˆgf ;b:o dWo]af6 Pshgf ;efd'v / Pshgf pk–;efd'vsf]<br />
lgjf{rg /fhg}lts ;xdltaf6 ug] {5 . ;xdlt x'g g;s]df Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:ox¿sf]<br />
b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dtaf6 lgjf{rg ul/g]5 . ;efd'v jf pk–;efd'vsf] kb l/Qm ePdf Joj:yflksf–<br />
;+;bn] cfˆgf] ;b:ox¿ dWo]af6 lgjf{rg u/L l/Qm :yfgsf] k"lt{ ug]{5 .<br />
-@_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;efd'v / pk–;efd'v Pp6} /fhg}lts bnsf] ;b:o x'g ;Sg] 5}g .<br />
-#_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;efd'vsf] cg'kl:yltdf pk–;efd'vn] Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] a}7ssf]<br />
cWoIftf ug]{5 .<br />
-$_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;efd'v / pk–;efd'vsf] lgjf{rg gePsf] jf b'j} kb l/Qm /x]sf]<br />
cj:yfdf Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf pkl:yt ;b:ox¿ dWo] pd]/sf] lx;fjn] h]i7<br />
;b:on] ug]{5 .<br />
-%_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;efd'v jf pk–;efd'vsf] kb b]xfosf] cj:yfdf l/Qm x'g]5M–<br />
-s_ lgh Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;b:o g/x]df,<br />
-v_ lghn] lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,<br />
-u_ lghn] kb cg's"n cfr/0f u/]sf] 5}g eGg] k|:tfj Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] tTsfn sfod<br />
/x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dtaf6 kfl/t ePdf .<br />
-^_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;efd'vn] kb cg's"nsf] cfr/0f u/]sf] 5}g eGg] k|:tfj pk/ 5nkmn<br />
x'g] a}7ssf] cWoIftf pk–;efd'vn] ug]{5 . ;f] k|:tfjsf] 5nkmndf ;efd'vn] efu lng /<br />
dtbfg ug{ kfpg]5 .<br />
%!= clwj]zgsf] cfJxfg / cGtM<br />
-!_ # /fi6«kltn] k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df ;do ;dodf Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] clwj]zg cfJxfg<br />
ug]{5 .<br />
-@_ ## /fi6«kltn] k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] clwj]zgsf] cGt ug]{5 .<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yf M k|wfgdGqLn] klxnf] k6s / To;kl5<br />
##<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yf M ;efd'vsf] k/fdz{df k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
113
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
† (3) If, when the Legislature-Parliament is not <strong>in</strong> session or has been adjourned,<br />
at least one-fourth of all its members submit a request stat<strong>in</strong>g that it is desirable<br />
that a session or meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Legislature-Parliament be called, Ω the President<br />
shall call the session or meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Parliament by sett<strong>in</strong>g the date and time<br />
for this with<strong>in</strong> a fortnight, and the Legislature-Parliament shall convene or<br />
commence its session on the specified date and at the time thus fixed.<br />
Explanation: For the purposes of this Clause 'request' should be unders<strong>to</strong>od as<br />
a written petition submitted by the applicants with their signatures.<br />
52. Address by *the the President<br />
*The President shall address the session of the Legislature-Parliament<br />
present<strong>in</strong>g the annual policy and programmes of the Government.<br />
53. Quorum<br />
Except as otherwise provided for <strong>in</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong>, no proposal or resolution<br />
shall be presented for decision <strong>in</strong> any meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Legislature-Parliament<br />
unless one-fourth of the <strong>to</strong>tal number of members are present.<br />
54. Transaction of bus<strong>in</strong>ess <strong>in</strong> case of vacancy <strong>in</strong> membership<br />
(1) The proceed<strong>in</strong>gs of the Legislature-Parliament shall be conducted<br />
notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g any vacancies <strong>in</strong> its membership, and no proceed<strong>in</strong>gs shall<br />
become <strong>in</strong>valid even if it is subsequently found that a person not entitled <strong>to</strong><br />
take part <strong>in</strong> the proceed<strong>in</strong>gs participated.<br />
(2) A M<strong>in</strong>ister, M<strong>in</strong>ister of State or Assistant M<strong>in</strong>ister who is not a member of<br />
the Legislature-Parliament shall be entitled <strong>to</strong> attend the session of Legislature-<br />
Parliament or any meet<strong>in</strong>g of its Committee.<br />
Provided that he/she shall not have the right <strong>to</strong> vote.<br />
55. Vot<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Except as otherwise provided for <strong>in</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong>, all questions submitted<br />
for decision <strong>in</strong> the Legislature-Parliament shall be decided by a majority vote<br />
of the members present and vot<strong>in</strong>g. Normally, the presid<strong>in</strong>g member shall not<br />
have the right <strong>to</strong> vote.<br />
Provided that <strong>in</strong> case of a tie he/she may exercise a cast<strong>in</strong>g vote.<br />
114<br />
† Clause (3) and its clarification added on 2064 Jestha 30 (June 13, 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Second<br />
Amendment) Act, 2064.<br />
Ω Amended on 2065 Mangsir 26 (December 11, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Sixth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
†<br />
-#_ #_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] clwj]zg jf a}7s rfn" g/x]sf] jf :ylut /x]sf] cj:yfdf<br />
clwj]zg jf a}7s af]nfpg jf~5gLo 5 egL Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf tTsfn sfod<br />
/x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] sDtLdf Ps rf}yfO ;b:ox¿n] ;dfj]bg u/]sf] ldltn]<br />
!% lbgleq a}7s a:g] u/L / Ω /fi6«kltn] ldlt / ;do tf]sL To:tf] clwj]zg jf<br />
a}7s af]nfpg]5 / To;/L tf]lsPsf] ldlt / ;dodf Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] clwj]zg<br />
jf a}7s k|f/De x'g] jf a:g]5 .<br />
:ki6Ls/0fM o; pkwf/fsf] k|of]hgsf nflu æ;dfj]bgÆ eGgfn] lgj]bg k]; ug]{ JolQmsf]<br />
x:tfIf/ ePsf] lnvt ;Demg'k5{ .<br />
%@=<br />
*/fi6«kltaf6 ;Daf]wgM<br />
*/fi6«kltn]<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] clwj]zgdf ;/sf/sf] jflif{s gLlt sfo{qmd k|:t't u/L<br />
;Daf]wg ug{]5 .<br />
%#= u0fk"/s ;ª\VofM<br />
o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoyf n]lvPsf]df afx]s Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] s'g} klg a}7sdf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o<br />
;ª\Vofsf] Ps rf}yfO{ ;b:o pkl:yt geP;Dd s'g} k|Zg jf k|:tfj lg0f{ofy{ k|:t't ul/g] 5}g .<br />
%$= ;b:osf] :yfg l/Qm /x]sf] cj:yfdf a}7ssf] sfo{ ;~rfngM<br />
-!_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] s'g} ;b:osf] :yfg l/Qm 5 eg] klg Joj:yflksf–;+;bn] cfˆgf] sfo{<br />
;~rfng ug{ ;Sg]5 / Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] s'g} sf/afxLdf efu lng gkfpg] s'g} JolQmn] efu<br />
lnPsf] s'/f kl5 kQf nfUof] eg] klg eO;s]sf] s'g} sfo{ cdfGo x'g] 5}g .<br />
-@_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;b:o g/x]sf] dGqL, /fHo dGqL jf ;xfos dGqLn] Joj:yflksf–;+;b<br />
jf To;sf] s'g} ;ldltsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt x'g ;Sg]5 .<br />
t/ lghnfO{ dtbfg ug]{ clwsf/ x'g] 5}g .<br />
%%= dtbfgM<br />
o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoyf n]lvPsf]df afx]s Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] s'g} klg a}7sdf lg0f{osf] nflu<br />
k|:t't ul/Psf] h'g;'s} k|Zgsf] lg0f{o pkl:yt eO{ dtbfg ug]{ ;b:ox¿sf] ax'dtaf6 x'g]5 .<br />
cWoIftf ug]{ JolQmnfO{ ;fdfGotM dt lbg] clwsf/ x'g] 5}g .<br />
t/ dt a/fa/ ePdf lghn] cfˆgf] lg0ff{os dt lbg]5 .<br />
† g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ h]7 #) ut]_ åf/f pkwf/f -#_ / To;sf] :ki6Ls/0f yk<br />
Ω g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -5}7f} + ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% dª\l;/ @^ ut]_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yf M k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
115
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
*55A. Vote of confidence<br />
(1) If the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister considers it necessary or appropriate <strong>to</strong> make it clear<br />
that the Legislature-Parliament has confidence <strong>in</strong> him, he may propose a vote<br />
of confidence <strong>to</strong> the Legislature Parliament any time.<br />
2) At least one-fourth of the <strong>to</strong>tal number of the members of the Legislature-<br />
Parliament may propose a no-confidence motion stat<strong>in</strong>g that the Legislature-<br />
Parliament has no confidence <strong>in</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister.<br />
Provided that a no-confidence motion aga<strong>in</strong>st the same Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
shall not be moved more than once with<strong>in</strong> six months.<br />
(3) A decision on the motion pursuant <strong>to</strong> Clause (1) or (2) shall be made by #<br />
a majority of the exist<strong>in</strong>g members of the Legislature-Parliament present.<br />
56. Privileges<br />
(1) There shall be full freedom of speech <strong>in</strong> the meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Legislature-<br />
Parliament and no member shall be arrested or deta<strong>in</strong>ed or prosecuted <strong>in</strong> any<br />
court for anyth<strong>in</strong>g expressed or for any vote cast <strong>in</strong> that meet<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
(2) The Legislature-Parliament shall have full power <strong>to</strong> regulate its bus<strong>in</strong>ess,<br />
and it shall have the exclusive right <strong>to</strong> decide whether or not any proceed<strong>in</strong>g of<br />
the Legislature-Parliament is regular. No question shall be raised <strong>in</strong> any court<br />
<strong>in</strong> this regard.<br />
(3) No comment shall be made about the good faith of any proceed<strong>in</strong>gs of the<br />
Legislature-Parliament, and no person shall make or dissem<strong>in</strong>ate anyth<strong>in</strong>g<br />
about comments or suggestions made by any member, deliberately<br />
mis<strong>in</strong>terpret<strong>in</strong>g or dis<strong>to</strong>rt<strong>in</strong>g their mean<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
(4) No proceed<strong>in</strong>gs shall be <strong>in</strong>itiated <strong>in</strong> any court aga<strong>in</strong>st any person for<br />
publication made under authority given by the Legislature-Parliament of any<br />
document, report, vote or proceed<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
Explanation: For the purposes of clauses (1), (2), (3) and (4), the word<br />
"Legislature-Parliament" shall mean the Legislature-Parliament and any of its<br />
committees.<br />
116<br />
(5) No member of Legislature-Parliament shall be arrested dur<strong>in</strong>g the session<br />
of the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
* Article 55A added on 2064 Jestha 30 (June 13, 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Second Amendment), 2064.<br />
# Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: a two-thirds
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
*%%s= ljZjf;sf] dtM<br />
-!_ k|wfgdGqLn] s'g} klg jvt cfkm"dfly Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ljZjf; 5 eGg] s'/f :ki6 ug{<br />
cfjZos jf pko'Qm 7fg]df ljZjf;sf] dtsf] nflu Joj:yflksf–;+;b;dIf k|:tfj /fVg<br />
;Sg]5 .<br />
-@_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] sDtLdf Ps rf}yfO ;b:on] k|wfgdGqLpk/<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;b\sf] ljZjf; 5}g egL lnlvt¿kdf cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj k]; ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .<br />
t/, Pp6} k|wfgdGqLpk/ 5 dlxgfdf Psk6seGbf a9L cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj k]; ug{<br />
;lsg] 5}g .<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfjsf] lg0f{o Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf tTsfn sfod<br />
/x]sf ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] # ax'dtaf6 x'g]5 .<br />
%^=<br />
ljz]ifflwsf/M<br />
-!_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] a}7sdf k"0f{ jfs :jtGqtf /xg]5 / ;f] a}7sdf JoQm u/]sf] s'g} s'/f<br />
jf lbPsf] s'g} dtnfO{ lnP/ s'g} klg ;b:onfO{ kqmfp ug{, y'gfdf /fVg jf lgh pk/ s'g}<br />
cbfntdf s'g} sf/afxL rnfpg ;lsg] 5}g .<br />
-@_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bnfO{ cfˆgf] cfGtl/s sfd sf/afxL lgoldt ug{ ] k"0f{ clwsf/ /xg]5 / s'g}<br />
sf/afxL lgoldt jf clgoldt 5 jf 5}g egL lg0f{o ug{] clwsf/ Joj:yflksf–;+;bnfO{ dfq<br />
x'g]5 . o; ;DaGwdf s'g} cbfntdf k|Zg p7fpg ;lsg] 5}g .<br />
-#_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] s'g} klg sfd sf/afxLnfO{ To;sf] c;n lgotaf/] z+sf p7fO{ s'g} l6sf<br />
l6Kk0fL ul/g] 5}g / s'g} ;b:on] af]n]sf] s'g} s'/fsf] ;DaGwdf hfgL–hfgL unt jf e|fds cy{<br />
nufO{ s'g} k|sf/sf] k|sfzg tyf k|;f/0f ul/g] 5}g .<br />
-$_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bn] lbPsf] clwsf/ cGtu{t s'g} lnvt, k|ltj]bg, dtbfg jf sf/afxL<br />
k|sflzt u/]sf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ s'g} JolQm pk/ cbfntdf sf/afxL rnfpg ;lsg] 5}g .<br />
:ki6Ls/0fM pkwf/f -!_, -@_, -#_ / -$_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu æJoj:yflksf–;+;bÆ eGgfn]<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] / To;sf] s'g} ;ldlt ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 .<br />
-%_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] s'g} klg ;b:onfO{ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] clwj]zg cjlwe/ kqmfp<br />
ul/g] 5}g .<br />
* g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ h]7 #) ut]_ åf/f wf/f %%s= yk<br />
# g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM sDtLdf b'O{<br />
ltxfO<br />
117
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Provided that noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> this clause shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> prevent the arrest<br />
of any member on a crim<strong>in</strong>al charge under any law. If any member is so<br />
arrested, the authority mak<strong>in</strong>g such arrest shall immediately <strong>in</strong>form the person<br />
chair<strong>in</strong>g the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(6) Any breach of privilege provided for <strong>in</strong> this Article shall be deemed <strong>to</strong><br />
constitute contempt of the Legislature-Parliament and the Legislature-<br />
Parliament shall have the exclusive right <strong>to</strong> decide whether or not any breach<br />
of privilege of the legislature has taken place.<br />
(7) If a person is <strong>in</strong> contempt of the Legislature-Parliament, the person chair<strong>in</strong>g<br />
the meet<strong>in</strong>g may, <strong>in</strong> accordance with a decision by the meet<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> that effect,<br />
reprimand or warn or impose a sentence of imprisonment not exceed<strong>in</strong>g three<br />
months or impose a f<strong>in</strong>e of up <strong>to</strong> ten thousand rupees on such a person. If the<br />
f<strong>in</strong>e is not paid by such a person, it shall be recoverable as government dues.<br />
Provided that if such a person submits an apology <strong>to</strong> the satisfaction of<br />
the Legislature-Parliament, it may either pardon him/her or alter the sentence<br />
imposed on him/her.<br />
(8) Other matters relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> privileges not mentioned <strong>in</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong> shall<br />
be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
57. Procedure relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the conduct of bus<strong>in</strong>ess<br />
The Legislature-Parliament shall, subject <strong>to</strong> provisions of this <strong>Constitution</strong>,<br />
conduct its bus<strong>in</strong>ess on the basis of political consensus, and frame rules for<br />
ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g order dur<strong>in</strong>g its meet<strong>in</strong>gs and <strong>to</strong> regulate the constitution, functions<br />
and procedures of, and for any other matters perta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong>, committees of the<br />
Legislature-Parliament. Until such rules are formulated, the Legislature-<br />
Parliament shall regulate its own rules of procedure.<br />
#<br />
57A. Opposition Party:<br />
(1) There shall be an opposition party and its leader <strong>in</strong> the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(2) The remuneration and other benefits of the Leader of the Opposition party<br />
shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
# Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: 57A Opposition: The opposition and its leader <strong>in</strong> the Legislature-Parliament shall be provided for by law.<br />
[Article 57A was added on 2064 Jestha 30 (June 13, 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Second Amendment) Act, 2064.]<br />
118
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
t/ s'g} kmf}hbf/L cleof]udf s'g} ;b:onfO{ sfg"g cg';f/ kqmfp ug{ o; pkwf/fn] afwf<br />
k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g . To;/L s'g} ;b:o kqmfp ul/Pdf kqmfp ug{] clwsf/Ln] To;sf] ;"rgf<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] cWoIftf ug{] JolQmnfO{ t'?Gt lbg' kg{]5 .<br />
-^_ o; wf/fdf pNn]v ePsf s'g} s'/f pNnª\3g ePdf Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ljz]ifflwsf/ xgg<br />
x'g] / Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ljz]ifflwsf/sf] xggnfO{ Joj:yflksf– ;+;bsf] cjx]ngf dflgg]5 .<br />
s'g} ljz]ifflwsf/sf] xgg ePsf] 5 jf 5}g eGg] lg0f{o ug{] clwsf/ Joj:yflksf–;+;bnfO{ dfq<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
-&_ s;}n] Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] cjx]ngf u/]df ;f] ;DaGwL a}7ssf] cWoIftf ug{] JolQmn]<br />
a}7ssf] lg0f{oaf6 ;f] JolQmnfO{ ;r]t u/fpg, gl;xt lbg jf tLg dlxgfdf ga9\g] u/L s}b ug{<br />
jf bz xhf/ ¿k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf ug{ ;Sg]5 . To:tf] hl/jfgf lghn] r'Qmf gu/]df ;/sf/L afFsL<br />
;/x c;"n pk/ ul/g]5 .<br />
t/ Joj:yflksf–;+;bnfO{ ;Gtf]if x'g] u/L lghn] Ifdf ofrgf u/]df Joj:yflksf–;+;bn]<br />
Ifdf k|bfg ug{ jf tf]ls;s]sf] ;hfonfO{ dfkmL ug{ jf 36fpg ;Sg]5 .<br />
-*_ o; ;+ljwfgdf pNn]v ul/Pb]lv afx]s ljz]ifflwsf/ ;DaGwL cGo s'/fx¿ sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f<br />
ul/P adf]lhd x'g]5g\ .<br />
%&=<br />
sfo{ ;~rfng ljlwM<br />
o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL Joj:yflksf–;+;bn] cfˆgf] sfo{ ;~rfng /fhg}lts ;xdltsf]<br />
cfwf/df ug] {5 / Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] a}7ssf] ;'Joj:yf sfod /fVg / ;ldltx¿sf] u7g, sfd<br />
sf/afxL / cGo s'/f lgoldt ug{sf] nflu lgodfjnL agfpg]5 . To:tf] lgodfjnL gag];Ddsf]<br />
nflu Joj:yflksf–;+;bn] cfˆgf] sfo{ljlw cfkm}+ lgoldt ug{]5 .<br />
#<br />
%&s= ljkIfL bn M<br />
-!_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf ljkIfL bn / To;sf] g]tf /xg]5 .<br />
-@_ ljkIfL bnsf] g]tfsf] kfl/>lds tyf cGo ;'ljwf sfg'gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM %&s= ljkIfL bnM Joj:yflksf–<br />
;+;bdf ljkIfL bn tyf To;sf] g]tf;DaGwL Joj:yf sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f ePadf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
[g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ h]7 #) ut]_ åf/f wf/f %&s= yk ePsf] lyof] .]<br />
119
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
58. Committees<br />
There shall be committees and sub-committees <strong>in</strong> the Legislature-Parliament<br />
as provided for <strong>in</strong> its rules.<br />
59. Constituent Assembly <strong>to</strong> exercise the powers of the Legislature-<br />
Parliament<br />
After the term<strong>in</strong>ation of tenure of the Legislature-Parliament Ω pursuant <strong>to</strong> this<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong> the powers of the Legislature-Parliament under this <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
shall be exercised by the Constituent Assembly.<br />
60. Restriction on discussion<br />
(1) No discussion shall be held <strong>in</strong> the Legislature-Parliament on a matter which<br />
is under consideration <strong>in</strong> any court of <strong>Nepal</strong>, and about anyth<strong>in</strong>g done by a<br />
Judge <strong>in</strong> the course of performance of his or her judicial duties.<br />
Provided that noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> this Article shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> h<strong>in</strong>der the<br />
expression of op<strong>in</strong>ion about the conduct of a Judge dur<strong>in</strong>g deliberations on an<br />
impeachment motion.<br />
(2) The provision made pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1), shall also be applicable <strong>to</strong> the<br />
Constituent Assembly.<br />
61. Secretariat of Legislature-Parliament<br />
(1) There shall be a Secretariat <strong>to</strong> carry out and manage the bus<strong>in</strong>ess of the<br />
Legislature-Parliament. The establishment of such a Secretariat and other<br />
matters related there<strong>to</strong> shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
(2) The Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall make available the necessary personnel<br />
required <strong>to</strong> conduct and manage the bus<strong>in</strong>ess of the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
120<br />
Ω Amended on 2065 Mangsir 26 (December 11, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Sixth Amendment) Act,<br />
2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (4) of Article 45
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
%*= ;ldltM<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf o;sf] lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd cfjZos ;ª\Vofdf ;ldlt / pk–<br />
;ldltx¿ /xg] 5g\ .<br />
%(= ;+ljwfg ;efn] Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug{]M<br />
Ωo; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] sfo{sfn ;dfKt ePkl5 o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhdsf]<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] clwsf/ ;+ljwfg ;efn] k|of]u ug{ ]5 .<br />
^)=<br />
ax;df jGb]hM<br />
-!_ g]kfnsf] s'g} cbfntdf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] s'g} d'2f ;DaGwdf tyf GofofwLzn] sQ{Jo kfngsf]<br />
l;nl;nfdf u/]sf] Goflos sfo{sf] ;DaGwdf ;bgdf 5nkmn ug{ kfOg] 5}g .<br />
t/ dxfleof]usf] k|:tfjdf 5nkmn ubf{ GofofwLzsf] cfrf/ ;DaGwdf s'g} s'/f JoQm ug{<br />
o; wf/fn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ df ul/Psf] of] Joj:yf ;+ljwfg ;efdf ;d]t nfu" x'g]5 .<br />
^!=<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;lrjfnoM<br />
-!_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] sfd sf/afxL ;~rfng tyf Joj:yfkg ug{sf nflu Ps ;lrjfno<br />
/xg]5 . To:tf] ;lrjfnosf] :yfkgf / ;f] ;DaGwL cGo s'/f sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] sfd sf/afxL ;~rfng tyf Joj:yfkg ug{ cfjZos x'g] sd{rf/L<br />
g]kfn ;/sf/n] pknAw u/fpg]5 .<br />
Ω g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -5}7f} + ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% dª\l;/ @^ ut]_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yf M wf/f $% sf] pkwf/f -$_ adf]lhd<br />
121
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
§<br />
61A. The Secretary General and Secretary of the Legislature-Parliament<br />
(1) There shall be a Secretary General and a Secretary of the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(2) *The President shall appo<strong>in</strong>t the Secretary General and Secretary on the<br />
recommendation of the Speaker of the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(3) The qualifications, functions, duties, powers and other terms and conditions of<br />
service of the General Secretary and Secretary of the Legislature-Parliament shall be<br />
as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
62. Remuneration<br />
The remuneration and facilities of the Speaker, Deputy Speaker, Member and<br />
Chairpersons of the Committees of the Legislature-Parliament shall be as<br />
provided for <strong>in</strong> law and, until so determ<strong>in</strong>ed, it shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
122<br />
§<br />
Added on 2064 Paush 13 (28 December 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Third Amendment) Act, 2064.<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2064.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: The Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister.
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
§^!s= Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] dxf;lrj / ;lrj M<br />
-!_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf Pshgf dxf;lrj / Pshgf ;lrj /xg]5g\ .<br />
-@_ dxf;lrj / ;lrjsf] lgo'lQm Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;efd'vsf] l;kmfl/;df */fi6«kltn]<br />
ug] {5 .<br />
-#_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] dxf;lrj / ;lrjsf] of]Uotf, sfd, st{Jo, clwsf/ tyf ;]jfsf cGo<br />
zt{x? sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
^@=<br />
kfl/>ldsM<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;efd'v, pk–;efd'v, ;b:o tyf ;ldltsf ;efkltx¿sf] kfl/>lds /<br />
;'ljwf sfg"gåf/f Joj:yf eP adf]lhd x'g]5 / To;/L lgwf{/0f geP;Dd g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgwf{/0f<br />
u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
§<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ k'; !# ut]_ åf/f wf/f ^!s= yk<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
123
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 7<br />
CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY<br />
63. Formation of the Constituent Assembly<br />
(1) A Constituent Assembly shall be constituted <strong>to</strong> formulate a new <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
by the <strong>Nepal</strong>i people themselves, subject <strong>to</strong> the provisions of this <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
(2) The election of the Constituent Assembly shall be held on a date <strong>to</strong> be<br />
specified by the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> after the commencement of this<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong><br />
*(3) In accordance with the law, there will be the follow<strong>in</strong>g members of the CA,<br />
elected and nom<strong>in</strong>ated accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the mixed elec<strong>to</strong>ral system, tak<strong>in</strong>g account of<br />
the equality of population, geographical convenience and special characteristics,<br />
and, <strong>in</strong> the case of Madhes on the basis of percentage of the population -<br />
(a) One member elected, under the first-past-the-post system, from each<br />
geographical constituency, § two hundred and forty as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by the<br />
Constituency Delimitation Commission under Article 154(a), based<br />
on the national census preced<strong>in</strong>g the Constituent Assembly elections,<br />
and as far as possible ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g the same relationship between<br />
number of members and population for all the adm<strong>in</strong>istrative districts,<br />
while reta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g the same adm<strong>in</strong>istrative districts as hither<strong>to</strong>.†<br />
124<br />
*Revised on 2063 Chaitra 30 (April 13, 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (First Amendment) Act, 2063. As<br />
orig<strong>in</strong>ally passed it read:<br />
The Constituent Assembly shall consist of the follow<strong>in</strong>g four hundred twenty five members, out of which four hundred<br />
and n<strong>in</strong>e members shall be elected through Mixed Elec<strong>to</strong>ral System and sixteen members shall be nom<strong>in</strong>ated, as provided<br />
for <strong>in</strong> the law<br />
(a) Two hundred and five members shall be elected from among the candidates elected on the basis of First-<br />
Past-the-Post system from each of the Election Constituencies existed <strong>in</strong> accordance with the prevail<strong>in</strong>g law<br />
before the commencement of this <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
(b)Two hundred and four members shall be elected under the proportional elec<strong>to</strong>ral system on the basis of the<br />
votes <strong>to</strong> be given <strong>to</strong> the political parties, consider<strong>in</strong>g the whole country as one election constituency.<br />
(c) Sixteen members <strong>to</strong> be nom<strong>in</strong>ated by the <strong>in</strong>terim Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters, on the basis of consensus, from<br />
amongst the prom<strong>in</strong>ent persons of national life.<br />
§ Amended on 2064 Paush 13 (28 December 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Third Amendment) Act, 2064.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: the number of such constituencies be<strong>in</strong>g determ<strong>in</strong>ed.<br />
† This is not quite a literal translation, but we believe it reflects the mean<strong>in</strong>g of the very complex <strong>Nepal</strong>i orig<strong>in</strong>al.
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu &<br />
;+ljwfg ;ef<br />
^#=<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf] u7gM<br />
-!_ g]kfnL hgtf cfkm} +n] gofF ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f ug{ o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL Ps ;+ljwfg<br />
;efsf] u7g x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De eP kl5 ;+ljwfg ;efsf] ;b:osf] lgjf{rg g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf]<br />
ldltdf x'g]5 .<br />
*-#_ ;+ljwfg ;efdf ;dfg hg;ª\Vof / ef}uf]lns cg's"ntf tyf ljlzi6tfsf cfwf/df /<br />
dw]zdf hg;ª\Vof k|ltztsf] cfwf/df sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd ldl>t lgjf{rg k|0ffnL<br />
cg'¿k b]xfo adf]lhd lgjf{lrt / dgf]gog x'g] b]xfosf ;ª\Vofsf ;b:ox¿ /xg]5g\M–<br />
-s_ k|zf;sLo lhNnfnfO{ lgjf{rg lhNnf sfod u/L ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg x'g'eGbf<br />
cl3sf] /fli6«o hgu0fgfaf6 lglZrt ePsf] hg;ª\Vofsf] cfwf/df To:tf lhNnf /<br />
;b:o ;ª\VofaLrsf] cg'kft oyf;Dej ;dfg x'g] u/L wf/f !%$s= adf]lhd Joj:yf<br />
ePsf] lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]uaf6 § lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd b'O{ ;o rfnL; lgjf{rg<br />
If]q sfod u/L k|To]s lgjf{rg If]qaf6 Pshgfsf b/n] klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g]<br />
lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cg';f/ lgjf{lrt ;b:o,<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^# -@)^# r}t #) ut]_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM<br />
-#_ ;+ljwfg ;efdf sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd ldl>t lgjf{rg k|0ffnLsf cfwf/df lgjf{lrt $)( hgf / dgf]lgt !^ hgf<br />
u/L b]xfosf adf]lhdsf $@% hgf ;b:ox? /xg]5g\M<br />
-s_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'g' cufl8 k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sfod /x]sf] lgjf{rg If]qx?af6 k|To]s lgjf{rg<br />
If]qaf6 Pshgfsf b/n] klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cg';f/ lgjf{lrt @)% hgf ;b:o,<br />
-v_ ;Dk"0f{ b]znfO{ Ps lgjf{rg If]q dfgL /fhg}lts bnnfO{ dt lbg] ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cg';f/<br />
lgjf{lrt x'g] @)$ ;b:o,<br />
-u_ /fli6«o hLjgsf dxTjk"0f{ JolQmx?dWo]af6 ;xdltsf cfwf/df cGtl/d dlGqkl/ifb\af6 dgf]gLt x'g] !^<br />
hgf ;b:o .<br />
§<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ k'; !# ut]_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhsf] ;+Vof<br />
a/fa/ eGg] k|fjwfg /x]sf]<br />
125
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(b) ¤ Three hundred and thirty-five members <strong>to</strong> be elected accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the<br />
proportional representation system, with vot<strong>in</strong>g be<strong>in</strong>g for political<br />
parties, and treat<strong>in</strong>g the whole country as a s<strong>in</strong>gle constituency.<br />
(c) § Twenty-six members nom<strong>in</strong>ated by the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters on the basis of<br />
consensus from among § dist<strong>in</strong>guished persons and persons from among ethnic<br />
and <strong>in</strong>digenous groups who fail <strong>to</strong> be represented as a result of elections under<br />
sub clause (a) and (b) who have made significant contributions <strong>to</strong> national life.<br />
*<br />
(3A). Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> Sub-clause (a) of Clause 3,<br />
while determ<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g the number of constituencies accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> this Clause,<br />
the number of constituencies <strong>in</strong> each adm<strong>in</strong>istrative district prescribed by<br />
the laws prevail<strong>in</strong>g dur<strong>in</strong>g the elections for the then House of Representatives<br />
<strong>in</strong> 2056 [1999], shall not be reduced, but the number of constituencies <strong>in</strong> the<br />
hilly and mounta<strong>in</strong>ous areas shall be <strong>in</strong>creased on the basis of percentage<br />
of population growth, and, then <strong>in</strong> determ<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g the constituencies <strong>in</strong><br />
Madhesh, the number of constituencies <strong>in</strong> the adm<strong>in</strong>istrative districts <strong>in</strong><br />
Madhesh shall be <strong>in</strong>creased <strong>in</strong> order <strong>to</strong> ensure that those constituencies are<br />
<strong>in</strong> proportion <strong>to</strong> the percentage of population.<br />
(4) The pr<strong>in</strong>ciple of <strong>in</strong>clusiveness shall be taken <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> consideration by political<br />
parties while select<strong>in</strong>g candidates pursuant <strong>to</strong> sub-clause (a) of clause (3), and,<br />
while mak<strong>in</strong>g the lists of the candidates pursuant <strong>to</strong> sub-clause (b), the political<br />
parties shall ensure the proportional representation of women, Dalits, oppressed<br />
communities/<strong>in</strong>digenous groups, backward regions, Madhesis and other<br />
groups, <strong>in</strong> accordance with the law.<br />
(5) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> clause 4, a m<strong>in</strong>imum of one-third of the <strong>to</strong>tal<br />
number of candidates nom<strong>in</strong>ated shall be women, tak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong>gether the number of<br />
candidates on the basis of proportional representation pursuant <strong>to</strong> sub-clause (b)<br />
of clause (3) and the number of candidates pursuant <strong>to</strong> sub-clause (a) of the clause.<br />
(6) The election of the members of the Constituent Assembly shall be held<br />
through secret ballot, as provided for <strong>in</strong> the law.<br />
¤<br />
Amended on 2064 Paush 13 (28 December 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Third Amendment) Act,<br />
2064. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: a number of members, equal <strong>to</strong> the number elected under sub-clause (a).<br />
§<br />
Amended on 2064 Paush 13 (28 December 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Third Amendment) Act,<br />
2064. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: seventeen... from dist<strong>in</strong>guished persons.<br />
* Added on 2063 Chaitra 30 (April 13, 2007) Act, 2063 by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (First Amendment)<br />
Act, 2063.<br />
126
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-v_ ;Dk"0f{ d'n'snfO{ Ps lgjf{rg If]q dfgL /fhg}lts bnnfO{ dt lbg] ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg<br />
k|0ffnL cg';f/ †lgjf{lrt x'g] tLg ;o k} +tL; ;b:o,<br />
-u_ /fli6«o hLjgdf dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf Ø ljlzi6 JolQmx? / v08 -s_ / -v_<br />
adf]lhdsf] lgjf{rgaf6 k|ltlglwTj x'g g;s]sf cflbaf;L hghfltdWo]af6 ;xdltsf<br />
cfwf/df dlGqkl/ifb\af6 dgf]gog x'g] Ø 5AaL;hgf ;b:o,<br />
*-#s_ pkwf/f -#_ sf] v08 -s_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;f] v08 adf]lhd lgjf{rg<br />
If]q lgwf{/0f ubf{ ;Djt\ @)%^ ;fndf tTsfn sfod /x]sf] k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:osf] lgjf{rg<br />
x'Fbfsf avt k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sfod /x]sf k|zf;sLo lhNnfx¿sf lgjf{rg If]qsf]<br />
;ª\VofnfO{ oyfjt\ /fvL lxdfnL / kxf8L If]qdf hg;ª\Vof j[l4sf] cfwf/df lgjf{rg If]q j[l4<br />
ul/g]5 / To;/L lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f ubf{ dw]zsf] hg;ª\Vofsf] k|ltztsf] cfwf/df lgjf{rg<br />
If]qsf] ;ª\Vof sd ePsf dw]zsf k|zf;sLo lhNnfsf] lgjf{rg If]q j[l4 ul/g]5 .<br />
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd /fhg}lts bnx¿n] pDd]bjf/ rog ubf{ ;dfj]zL<br />
l;4fGtnfO{ Wofg lbg' kg]{5 / v08 -v_ adf]lhd /fhg}lts bnx¿n] pDd]bjf/x¿sf] ;"lrs[t<br />
ubf{ dlxnf, blnt, pTkLl8t hflt÷cflbjf;L hghflt, lk5l8Psf] If]q, dw]zL nufot cGo ju{<br />
;d]tsf] sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj u/fpg' kg] {5 .<br />
-%_ pkwf/f -$_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg dlxnfsf] xsdf pkwf/f -#_ sf] v08 -v_<br />
adf]lhd ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTjdf x'g] ;ª\Vofdf ;f] pkwf/fsf] v08 -s_ cg';f/ lbOg] pDd]bjf/Lsf]<br />
;ª\Vof hf]8]/ s'n ;ª\Vofdf Go"gtd Ps ltxfO{ pDd]bjf/L lbg' kg]{5 .<br />
-^_ ;+ljwfg ;efsf ;b:ox¿sf] lgjf{rg sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd uf]Ko dtbfgåf/f x'g]5 .<br />
† g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ k'; !# ut]_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM v08 -s_<br />
adf]lhdsf] ;b:o ;ª\Vof a/fa/ lgjf{lrt x'g] ;b:o .<br />
Ø g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ k'; !# ut]_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yf M ljlzi6<br />
JolQmx?dWo]af6 ;qhgf .<br />
* g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^# -@)^# r}t #) ut]_ åf/f_ yk<br />
127
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(7) For the purpose of election <strong>to</strong> the Constituent Assembly, every <strong>Nepal</strong>i<br />
citizen who has atta<strong>in</strong>ed the age of eighteen years by the end of Mangsir, 2063<br />
(15th December 2006) shall be entitled <strong>to</strong> vote, as provided for <strong>in</strong> the law.<br />
#<br />
(7A) In the situation where the seat of a member elected or nom<strong>in</strong>ated pursuant<br />
<strong>to</strong> Clause (3) falls vacant, the seat shall be filled by application of law <strong>in</strong> force <strong>in</strong><br />
relation <strong>to</strong> the process of election or nom<strong>in</strong>ation.<br />
Ω<br />
(7B) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> Clause (7), if the position of a member<br />
elected pursuant <strong>to</strong> paragraph (A) of sub-clause (3A) falls vacant ow<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> any reason<br />
and needs <strong>to</strong> be filled by an election pursuant <strong>to</strong> sub-clause (7A), every <strong>Nepal</strong>i citizen,<br />
who has atta<strong>in</strong>ed the age of 18 years by the end of Chaitra (mid-April) of the previous<br />
year immediate <strong>to</strong> the election year, will be entitled <strong>to</strong> vote as provided for <strong>in</strong> the law.<br />
(8) Subject <strong>to</strong> the provisions of this Article, elections <strong>to</strong> the Constituent Assembly<br />
and other matters perta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g there<strong>to</strong> shall be regulated as provided for <strong>in</strong> the<br />
law.<br />
64. Term of the Constituent Assembly<br />
Unless otherwise dissolved earlier by a resolution passed by the Constituent<br />
Assembly, the term of the Constituent Assembly shall be three years from the<br />
date of its first meet<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
Provided that the term of the Constituent Assembly may be extended for<br />
up <strong>to</strong> six months by a resolution of the Constituent Assembly, <strong>in</strong> the event that<br />
the task of draft<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>Constitution</strong> is not completed due <strong>to</strong> the proclamation<br />
of a State of Emergency <strong>in</strong> the country.<br />
65. Qualifications of members<br />
In order <strong>to</strong> be a member of Constituent Assembly a person must have the<br />
follow<strong>in</strong>g qualifications<br />
(a) be a <strong>Nepal</strong>i citizen,<br />
(b) have atta<strong>in</strong>ed at least twenty-five years of age,<br />
(c) not have been punished for any crim<strong>in</strong>al offence <strong>in</strong>volv<strong>in</strong>g<br />
moral turpitude,<br />
*(c1) not be <strong>in</strong>eligible under any law,<br />
(d) not be hold<strong>in</strong>g an office of profit.<br />
# Added on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065.<br />
Ω Added on 2065 Mangsir 26 (December 11, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Sixth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
*Added on 2064 Jestha 30 (June 13, 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Second Amendment) Act, 2064.<br />
Added on 2067 Jestha 14 (May 28, 2010) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Eighth Amendment) Act, 2067.<br />
128
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-&_ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;Djt\ @)^# ;fn dª\l;/ d;fGt;Dd c7f/ jif{<br />
pd]/ k"/f ePsf] k|To]s g]kfnL gful/snfO{ sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd dtbfg ug{] clwsf/<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
# -&s_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd lgjf{lrt jf dgf]gLt ;b:osf] :yfg s'g} sf/0fn] l/Qm ePdf<br />
To:tf] :yfg h'g k|lqmofåf/f lgjf{lrt jf dgf]gLt ePsf] xf] ;f]xL k|lqmofåf/f k|rlnt sfg'g<br />
adf]lhd k"lt{ ul/g]5 .<br />
Ω<br />
-&v_ pkwf/f -&_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pkwf/f -#_ sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd<br />
lgjf{lrt ;b:osf] :yfg s'g} sf/0fn] l/Qm eO{ pkwf/f -&s_ adf]lhd lgjf{rgåf/f k"lt{ ug'{kbf{<br />
To;/L lgjf{rg ul/g] ;fneGbf tTsfn cl3Nnf] ;fnsf] r}q d;fGt;Dd c7f/ jif{ pd]/ k'/f<br />
ePsf] k|To]s g]kfnL gful/snfO{ sfg'gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd dtbfg ug]{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .<br />
-*_ o; wf/fdf n]lvPsf] s'/fx¿sf] cwLgdf /xL ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg / ;f] ;DaGwL cGo s'/f<br />
sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
^$=<br />
^%=<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf] sfo{sfnM<br />
;+ljwfg ;efn] k|:tfj kfl/t u/L cufj} lj36g u/]sf]df afx]s ;+ljwfg ;efsf] sfo{sfn ;+ljwfg<br />
;efsf] klxnf] a}7s a;]sf] ldltn] tLg jif{sf] x'g]5 .<br />
t/ d'n'sdf ;+s6sfnLg l:yltsf] 3f]if0ff ePsf] sf/0fn] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{ ] sfd k"/f x'g<br />
g;s]df ;+ljwfg ;efn] k|:tfj kfl/t u/L ;+ljwfg ;efsf] sfo{sfn yk 5 dlxgf;Dd a9fpg<br />
;Sg]5 .<br />
;b:osf] of]UotfM<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf] ;b:o x'gsf nflu s'g} klg JolQmn] b]xfosf of]Uotf k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg{]5M<br />
-s_ g]kfnL gful/s,<br />
-v_ sDtLdf kRrL; jif{ pd]/ k"/f u/]sf],<br />
-u_ g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}Hbf/L s;"/df ;hfo gkfPsf],<br />
* -u!_ s'g} sfg"gn] cof]Uo gePsf],<br />
-3_ s'g} nfesf] kb wf/0f gu/]sf] .<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f yk<br />
Ω g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -5}7f} + ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% dª\l;/ @^ ut]_ åf/f yk<br />
* g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ h]7 #) ut]_ åf/f yk<br />
<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -cf7f}F ;+zf]wg_, @)^& -@)^& h]7 !$ ut]_ åf/f yk<br />
129
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Explanation: For the purpose of this sub-clause (d), "office of profit" means<br />
any position, other than a political position, filled by election or nom<strong>in</strong>ation<br />
for which remuneration or economic benefit is paid out of a Government Fund.<br />
66. Decision about disqualification of members<br />
If a question arises as <strong>to</strong> whether any member of the Constituent Assembly is<br />
disqualified or has ceased <strong>to</strong> possess any of the qualifications required by<br />
Article 65, the f<strong>in</strong>al decision shall be made by the Constituent Assembly Court.<br />
67. Vacation of seat of a member<br />
The seat of a member of the Constituent Assembly shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> be vacant<br />
<strong>in</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g circumstances<br />
(a) if he/she resigns <strong>in</strong> writ<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
(b) if he/she does not, or has ceased <strong>to</strong>, possess the qualifications required<br />
by Article 65,<br />
(c) if he/she, rema<strong>in</strong>s absent from ten consecutive meet<strong>in</strong>gs without<br />
notification <strong>to</strong> the Assembly,<br />
(d) if the party of which he/she was a member when elected provides<br />
notification <strong>in</strong> the manner set out by law that he/she has left the party,<br />
or notifies that he/she no longer holds the membership of the party, or<br />
(e) if he/she dies.<br />
Explanation: The provision conta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> sub-clause (d) shall not be applicable<br />
<strong>to</strong> the Chairperson or Vice Chairperson of the Constituent Assembly.<br />
68. Oath of members<br />
Every member of the Constituent Assembly shall take the oath as provided for<br />
<strong>in</strong> the law before tak<strong>in</strong>g part for the first time <strong>in</strong> a meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Assembly or a<br />
meet<strong>in</strong>g of any of its committees.<br />
69. Meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Constituent Assembly<br />
(1) The first meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Constituent Assembly shall be held, as summoned<br />
by the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister, with<strong>in</strong> twenty-one days after the f<strong>in</strong>al results of the<br />
election of members of the Constituent Assembly have been made public by the<br />
Election Commission, and the subsequent meet<strong>in</strong>gs shall be held on such a<br />
date and place as prescribed by the person presid<strong>in</strong>g over the Constituent<br />
Assembly.<br />
130
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
:ki6Ls/0fM v08 -3_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu ænfesf] kbÆ eGgfn] lgjf{rg jf dgf]gogåf/f k"lt{<br />
ul/g] /fhg}lts kb afx]s s'g} ;/sf/L sf]ifaf6 kfl/>lds jf cGo s'g} cfly{s ;'ljwf kfpg]<br />
cGo s'g} kbnfO{ hgfpg]5 .<br />
^^=<br />
^&=<br />
;b:osf] cof]Uotf ;DaGwL k|Zgsf] lg0f{oM<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf s'g} ;b:o wf/f ^% adf]lhd cof]Uo 5 jf x'g uPsf] 5 eGg] k|Zg p7]df To;sf]<br />
clGtd lg0f{o ;+ljwfg ;ef cbfntn] ug]{5 .<br />
;b:osf] :yfgsf] l/QmtfM<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf ;b:osf] :yfg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf l/Qm ePsf] dflgg]5M<br />
-s_ lghn] lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,<br />
-v_ wf/f ^% adf]lhd lghsf] of]Uotf gePdf jf g/x]df,<br />
-u_ ;efnfO{ ;"rgf glbO{ nuftf/ bzj6f a}7sdf cg'kl:yt /x]df,<br />
-3_ h'g /fhg}lts bnsf] ;b:o eO{ lgjf{lrt ePsf] xf] ;f]xL bnn] sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP<br />
adf]lhd lghn] bn Tofu u/]sf] jf bnsf] ;b:otf sfod g/x]sf] s'/f ;"lrt u/]df,<br />
-ª_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .<br />
:ki6Ls/0fM v08 -3_ sf] Joj:yf ;+ljwfg ;efsf cWoIf jf pkfWoIfsf] xsdf nfu" x'g] 5}g .<br />
^*=<br />
^(=<br />
;b:osf] zkyM<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf k|To]s ;b:on] ;+ljwfg ;ef jf o;sf] s'g} ;ldltdf klxnf] k6s efu lng' cl3<br />
sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd zky lng' kg{ ]5 .<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf] a}7sM<br />
-!_;+ljwfg ;efsf ;b:ox¿sf] clGtd lgjf{rg kl/0ffd lgjf{rg cfof]un] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf]<br />
PSsfO; lbgleq k|wfgdGqLn] cfJxfg u/] adf]lhd ;+ljwfg ;efsf] klxnf] a}7s a:g]5 /<br />
To;kl5sf a}7s ;+ljwfg ;efsf] cWoIftf ug{] JolQmn] tf]s]sf] ldlt / :yfgdf a:g]5 .<br />
131
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(2) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> clause (1), if one-fourth of the<br />
members of the Constituent Assembly make an application, with reasons, <strong>to</strong><br />
the Chairperson of the Constituent Assembly stat<strong>in</strong>g that it is appropriate <strong>to</strong><br />
convene a meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Constituent Assembly, the Chairperson shall convene<br />
such meet<strong>in</strong>g with<strong>in</strong> fifteen days.<br />
70. Procedure for pass<strong>in</strong>g a Bill relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
(1) The Constituent Assembly shall, <strong>in</strong> order <strong>to</strong> pass a Bill relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong>, vote on the Preamble and each Article of such a Bill <strong>in</strong>troduced<br />
before it.<br />
(2) To vote accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> clause (1), at least two-thirds of the <strong>to</strong>tal members of<br />
number of exist<strong>in</strong>g members of the Constituent Assembly must be present and<br />
must pass the motion unanimously.<br />
(3) If a unanimous decision pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (2), regard<strong>in</strong>g the Preamble or<br />
any Article of the Bill relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the <strong>Constitution</strong>, is not reached, the leaders of<br />
the parliamentary party of the political parties represented <strong>in</strong> the Constituent<br />
Assembly shall consult each other <strong>to</strong> achieve consensus on such matters.<br />
(4) The consultation <strong>to</strong> be carried out pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (3), must be completed<br />
with<strong>in</strong> a maximum of fifteen days from the date on which the unanimous<br />
decision could not be reached.<br />
(5) If consultation is carried out pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (4), fresh vot<strong>in</strong>g on the<br />
Preamble or any Article of such Bill shall be carried out with<strong>in</strong> seven days from<br />
the date of the completion of such consultation.<br />
(6) If a unanimous decision is not reached as provided <strong>in</strong> clause (2) even after<br />
carry<strong>in</strong>g out the vot<strong>in</strong>g pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (5), there shall be a further vote on<br />
such Preamble or Article on which a unanimous decision could not be reached,<br />
and if at least two-thirds of the <strong>to</strong>tal members of the Constituent Assembly for<br />
the time be<strong>in</strong>g were present <strong>in</strong> the meet<strong>in</strong>g, and at least two-thirds of the members<br />
present vote <strong>in</strong> favour, such Preamble or Article shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> have been<br />
passed.<br />
132
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;+ljwfg ;efsf sDtLdf Ps rf}yfO{ ;b:on]<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf] a}7s af]nfpg cfjZos 5 egL sf/0f ;lxt ;+ljwfg ;efsf cWoIf ;dIf<br />
lgj]bg u/]df cWoIfn] kGw| lbgleq ;+ljwfg ;efsf] a}7s af]nfpg' kg{]5 .<br />
&)=<br />
;+ljwfgsf] ljw]os kfl/t ug{ ] ljlwM<br />
-!_;+ljwfg ;efn] ;+ljwfgsf] ljw]os kfl/t ubf{ ;+ljwfg ;efdf k]z ePsf] To:tf] ljw]ossf]<br />
k|:tfjgf tyf k|To]s wf/fdf dtbfg u/L kfl/t ug{]5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd dtbfg ubf{ ;+ljwfg ;efdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:osf]<br />
sDtLdf b'O{ ltxfO{ ;b:o pkl:yt ePsf] a}7ssf] ;j{;Ddltaf6 kfl/t ug'{ kg{]5 .<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd ;+ljwfgsf] ljw]ossf] k|:tfjgf jf To;sf] s'g} wf/fsf ;DaGwdf<br />
;j{;Ddt sfod x'g g;s]df ;f] ljifodf ;j{;Ddlt sfod ug{ ;+ljwfg ;efdf k|ltlglwTj ug{]<br />
/fhg}lts bnsf ;+;bLo bnsf g]tfn] cfk;df k/fdz{ ug{]5g\ .<br />
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd k/fdz{ ug{] sfd ;j{;Ddlt sfod x'g g;s]sf] ldltn] a9Ldf<br />
kGw|lbg;Dd k"/f ul/;Sg' kg{]5 .<br />
-%_ pkwf/f -$_ adf]lhd k/fdz{ ePsf]df To:tf] k/fdz{ ug{] sfd k"/f ePsf] ;ft lbg leq<br />
To:tf] ljw]ossf] k|:tfjgf jf s'g} wf/f pk/ k'gM dtbfg x'g]5 .<br />
-^_ pkwf/f -%_ adf]lhd dtbfg x'Fbf klg pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;j{;Ddt sfod x'g g;s]df<br />
k|:tfjgf jf h'g wf/fsf ;DaGwdf ;j{;Ddt sfod x'g g;s]sf] xf] ;f] k|:tfjgf jf wf/fdf k'gM<br />
dtbfg x'g]5 / To:tf] dtbfgdf ;+ljwfg ;efsf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:osf] sDtLdf<br />
b'O{ ltxfO{ ;b:o pkl:yt ePsf] a}7ssf] sDtLdf b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dtaf6 kfl/t ePdf To:tf]<br />
k|:tfjgf jf wf/f kfl/t ePsf] dflgg]5 .<br />
133
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(7) For the purpose of this Article a decision made dur<strong>in</strong>g vot<strong>in</strong>g on the Preamble<br />
or any Article of the Bill relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the <strong>Constitution</strong> <strong>in</strong>troduced <strong>in</strong> the<br />
Constituent Assembly shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> be unanimous if none of the members<br />
voted aga<strong>in</strong>st the Preamble or Article that is the subject of the vote.<br />
71. Chairperson and Vice Chairperson of the Constituent Assembly<br />
(1) The Constituent Assembly shall elect a Chairperson and a Vice Chairperson<br />
#<br />
from among its members on the basis of political consensus before the<br />
commencement of its work of formulat<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
##<br />
(1A) In the case when consensus is not reached pursuant <strong>to</strong> Clause (1) a member<br />
of the Constituent Assembly who receives the majority of the votes of the <strong>to</strong>tal<br />
number of exist<strong>in</strong>g members of the Constituent Assembly shall be considered<br />
elected <strong>to</strong> the position of the Chairperson or the Vice-Chairperson of the<br />
Constituent Assembly.<br />
(2) In the elections ### pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1) or clause (1A) the Chairperson and<br />
Vice Chairperson shall be from different political parties represented <strong>in</strong> the<br />
Constituent Assembly.<br />
(3) If the election of the Chairperson and Vice Chairperson has not taken place<br />
pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1), the senior-most member of the Constituent Assembly<br />
by age shall preside over the meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Assembly.<br />
(4)The Chairperson and Vice Chairperson shall act as neutral persons and not<br />
favour any political party or parties while perform<strong>in</strong>g their duties <strong>in</strong> accordance<br />
with this <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
134<br />
72. Vacation of the office of Chairperson and Vice Chairperson<br />
(1) The office of the Chairperson and Vice Chairperson shall become vacant <strong>in</strong><br />
the follow<strong>in</strong>g circumstances<br />
a) if he/she submits a written resignation,<br />
b) if he/she ceases <strong>to</strong> be a member of the Constituent Assembly,<br />
c) if a resolution is passed by a majority of at least two-thirds of the <strong>to</strong>tal<br />
number of the members <strong>in</strong> the Constituent Assembly <strong>to</strong> the effect that his<br />
or her conduct is not compatible with his or her position, or<br />
d) if he/she dies.<br />
# Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: from among its members<br />
## Added on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065.<br />
### Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: pursuant <strong>to</strong> Clause (1)
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-&_o; wf/fsf] k|of]hgsf nflu ;+ljwfg ;efdf k]z ePsf] ;+ljwfgsf] ljw]ossf] k|:tfjgf jf<br />
To;sf] s'g} wf/fsf] ;DaGwdf dtbfg ubf{ s'g} klg ;b:on] To:tf] ljw]ossf] k|:tfjgf jf To;sf]<br />
s'g} wf/fsf] ljkIfdf dt glbPdf ;j{;Ddlt sfod ePsf] dflgg]5 .<br />
&!=<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf cWoIf / pkfWoIfM<br />
-!_ ;+ljwfg ;efn] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ;DaGwL cfˆgf] sfo{ k|f/De ug'{ cl3 # cfˆgf ;b:ox¿<br />
dWo]af6 /fhg}lts ;xdltsf cfwf/df Pshgf cWoIf / Pshgf pkfWoIfsf] lgjf{rg ug{ ]5 .<br />
## -!s_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;xdlt sfod x'g g;s]df ;+ljwfg ;efdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf<br />
;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] ax'dt k|fKt ug]{ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] ;b:o ;+ljwfg ;efsf] cWoIf jf<br />
pkfWoIf kbdf lgjf{lrt ePsf] dflgg]5 .<br />
-@_ ### pkwf/f -!_ jf pkwf/f -!s_ adf]lhd lgjf{rg ubf{ cWoIf / pkfWoIf ;+ljwfg<br />
;efdf k|ltlglwTj ug{] cnu–cnu /fhg}lts bnaf6 k|ltlglwTj ug{] ;b:o x'g' kg{]5 .<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd cWoIf / pkfWoIfsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg geP ;Dd pd]/sf lx;fjn]<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf] ;aeGbf h]i7 ;b:on] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] cWoIftf ug{]5 .<br />
-$_ cWoIf jf pkfWoIfn] o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd cfˆgf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ubf{ s'g} klg /fhg}lts<br />
bnsf] kIf jf ljkIfdf g/xL t6:y JolQmsf] x}l;otn] ug{]5 .<br />
&@=<br />
cWoIf / pkfWoIfsf] :yfg l/QmtfM<br />
-!_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf cWoIf / pkfWoIfsf] kb l/Qm x'g]5M–<br />
-s_ lghn] lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,<br />
-v_ ;+ljwfg ;efdf lghsf] ;b:otf g/x]df,<br />
-u_ lghn] kb cg's"nsf] cfr/0f u/]sf] 5}g eGg] k|:tfj ;+ljwfg ;efsf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o<br />
;ª\Vofsf] sDtLdf b'O{ ltxfO{ ;b:osf] ax'dtaf6 kfl/t ePdf, jf<br />
-3_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM cfˆgf ;b:ox¿ dWo]af6<br />
##<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f yk<br />
###<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd<br />
135
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(2) The Vice Chairperson or any other member shall preside over a meet<strong>in</strong>g at<br />
which deliberations are <strong>to</strong> be held on a resolution that the conduct of the<br />
Chairperson of the Constituent Assembly is not compatible with his/her<br />
position, and the Chairperson can take part and vote <strong>in</strong> the deliberations on<br />
such a resolution.<br />
73. Quorum<br />
Except as otherwise provided <strong>in</strong> this Part, no quorum shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> be<br />
achieved and no question or resolution shall be presented for decision unless<br />
at least one-fourth of the <strong>to</strong>tal number of members are present.<br />
#<br />
74. Proceed<strong>in</strong>gs of the Constituent Assembly when the position of a<br />
member is vacant:<br />
(1) The Constituent Assembly may conduct its proceed<strong>in</strong>gs notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g<br />
any vacancies <strong>in</strong> its membership, and no proceed<strong>in</strong>gs shall become <strong>in</strong>valid even<br />
if it is subsequently found that a person not entitled <strong>to</strong> take part <strong>in</strong> the proceed<strong>in</strong>gs<br />
participated.<br />
(2) A m<strong>in</strong>ister, state m<strong>in</strong>ister or assistant m<strong>in</strong>ister may attend any of the<br />
meet<strong>in</strong>gs of the Constituent Assembly even if she/he is not a member of the<br />
Constituent Assembly.<br />
But she/he shall not have the right <strong>to</strong> vote.<br />
75. Vot<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Except as otherwise provided <strong>in</strong> this Part, all questions submitted for decision<br />
<strong>in</strong> the Constituent Assembly shall be decided by a majority vote of the members<br />
present and vot<strong>in</strong>g. Normally the member presid<strong>in</strong>g shall not have the right <strong>to</strong><br />
vote.<br />
Provided that <strong>in</strong> case of a tie, he/she may exercise a cast<strong>in</strong>g vote.<br />
76. Penalty for unauthorized presence or vot<strong>in</strong>g<br />
If a person is present or votes <strong>in</strong> the meet<strong>in</strong>gs of Constituent Assembly or any of<br />
its committees as a member without tak<strong>in</strong>g an oath pursuant <strong>to</strong> Article 68, or<br />
know<strong>in</strong>g that he/she is not qualified for membership of the Constituent<br />
Assembly, he/she shall, on the rul<strong>in</strong>g of the person chair<strong>in</strong>g the meet<strong>in</strong>g, be<br />
liable <strong>to</strong> a f<strong>in</strong>e of five thousand rupees for every such presence or vot<strong>in</strong>g. The<br />
f<strong>in</strong>e shall be recoverable as government dues.<br />
136<br />
# Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: The Constituent Assembly may conduct its proceed<strong>in</strong>gs not withstand<strong>in</strong>g any vacancies <strong>in</strong> its membrship, and no<br />
poceed<strong>in</strong>gs Transcation of bus<strong>in</strong>ess of the Constituent Assembly <strong>in</strong> the case of Vacancy <strong>in</strong> membership: shall become <strong>in</strong>valid<br />
even if it is subsenquently found that a person not entitled <strong>to</strong> take part <strong>in</strong> the proceed<strong>in</strong>gs participated.
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-@_ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] cWoIfn] kb cg's"nsf] cfr/0f u/]sf] 5}g eGg] k|:tfj pk/ 5nkmn x'g]<br />
a}7ssf] cWoIftf pkfWoIf jf cGo s'g} ;b:on] ug{]5 / ;f] k|:tfjsf] 5nkmndf cWoIfn] efu<br />
lng / dt lbg kfpg]5 .<br />
&#=<br />
u0fk"/s ;ª\VofM<br />
o; efudf cGoyf n]lvPsf]df afx]s ;+ljwfg ;efsf] a}7sdf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] sDtLdf<br />
Ps rf}yfO{ ;b:o pkl:yt geP;Dd ;+ljwfg ;efsf] u0fk"/s ;ª\Vof k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g / s'g}<br />
k|Zg jf k|:tfj lg0f{osf nflu k|:t't x'g] 5}g .<br />
# &$= ;b:osf] :yfg l/Qm /x]sf] cj:yfdf ;+ljwfg ;efsf] sfo{ ;~rfng M<br />
-!_ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] s'g} ;b:osf] :yfg l/Qm /x] klg ;+ljwfg ;efn] cfk\mgf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg<br />
ug{ ;Sg]5 / cof]Uotfsf] sf/0f ;+ljwfg ;efsf] s'g} sfdsf/afxLdf efu lng gkfpg] s'g}<br />
JolQmn] efu lnPsf] s'/f kl5 kQf nfUof] eg] klg eO;s]sf] sfd sf/afxL cdfGo x'g]<br />
5}g .<br />
-@_ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] ;b:o g/x]sf] eP klg dGqL, /fHodGqL, ;xfos dGqLn] ;+ljwfg ;ef jf<br />
To;sf] s'g} ;ldltsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt x'g ;Sg]5 .<br />
t/ lghnfO{ dtbfg ug]{ clwsf/ x'g] 5}g .<br />
&%=<br />
&^=<br />
dtbfgM<br />
o; efudf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lg0f{osf] nflu k|:t't h'g;'s} k|Zg jf<br />
k|:tfjsf] lg0f{o pkl:yt eO{ dtbfg ug{ ] ;b:ox¿sf] ax'dtaf6 x'g]5 . cWoIftf ug{ ] JolQmnfO{<br />
;fdfGo<strong>to</strong>f dt lbg] clwsf/ x'g] 5}g .<br />
t/ dt a/fa/ ePdf lghn] cfˆgf] lg0ff{os dt lbg]5 .<br />
cglws[t pkl:yt ePdf jf dtbfg u/]df ;hfo x'g]M<br />
wf/f ^* adf]lhd zky glnO{ jf ;+ljwfg ;efsf] ;b:o x'gsf] nflu cfjZos of]Uotf k'u]sf] 5}g<br />
eGg] yfxf kfpFbf kfpFb} s'g} JolQm ;+ljwfg ;ef jf To;sf] s'g} ;ldltsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt ePdf<br />
jf lghn] dtbfg u/]df lghnfO{ ;f] a}7sdf cWoIftf ug{] JolQmsf] cfb]zn] To;/L pkl:yt<br />
ePsf] jf dtbfg u/]sf] k|To]s k6ssf nflu kfFr xhf/ ¿k}ofF hl/jfgf x'g]5 . o;/L ePsf]<br />
hl/jfgf lghn] r'Qmf gu/]df ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM &$= ;b:osf] :yfg l/Qm /x]sf]<br />
cj:yfdf ;+ljwfg ;efsf] sfo{ ;~rfngM ;+ljwfg ;efsf] s'g} ;b:osf] :yfg l/Qm /x] klg ;+ljwfg ;efn] cfˆgf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ ;Sg]5 /<br />
cof]Uotfsf] sf/0f ;+ljwfg ;efsf] s'g} sfd sf/afxLdf efu lng gkfpg] s'g} JolQmn] efu lnPsf] s'/f kl5 kQf nfUof] eg] klg eO;s]sf] sfd<br />
sf/afxL cdfGo x'g] 5}g .<br />
137
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
77. Privileges<br />
(1) There shall be full freedom of speech <strong>in</strong> the meet<strong>in</strong>gs of the Constituent<br />
Assembly and no member shall be arrested, deta<strong>in</strong>ed or proceeded aga<strong>in</strong>st <strong>in</strong><br />
any court for anyth<strong>in</strong>g expressed or for any vote cast <strong>in</strong> such a meet<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
(2) Each meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Constituent Assembly shall have full power <strong>to</strong> regulate<br />
its <strong>in</strong>ternal bus<strong>in</strong>ess, and it shall have the exclusive right <strong>to</strong> decide whether<br />
any proceed<strong>in</strong>g of the Constituent Assembly is regular or not. No question<br />
shall be raised <strong>in</strong> any court <strong>in</strong> this regard.<br />
(3) No comment shall be made about the good faith of any proceed<strong>in</strong>gs of the<br />
Constituent Assembly, and no person shall make or dissem<strong>in</strong>ate anyth<strong>in</strong>g about<br />
comments or suggestions made by any member, deliberately mis<strong>in</strong>terpret<strong>in</strong>g or<br />
dis<strong>to</strong>rt<strong>in</strong>g their mean<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
(4) No proceed<strong>in</strong>gs shall be <strong>in</strong>itiated aga<strong>in</strong>st any person <strong>in</strong> any court for<br />
publish<strong>in</strong>g any document, report, vote or proceed<strong>in</strong>g which is carried out<br />
under the authority given by the Constituent Assembly.<br />
Explanation: For the purposes of clauses (1), (2), (3) and (4) the words<br />
"Constituent Assembly" shall mean the meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Constituent Assembly or<br />
any of its committees.<br />
(5) No member of the Constituent Assembly shall be arrested dur<strong>in</strong>g the session<br />
of the Constituent Assembly.<br />
Provided that noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> this clause shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> prevent the<br />
arrest under any law of any member on a crim<strong>in</strong>al charge. If any member is so<br />
arrested, the official mak<strong>in</strong>g such arrest shall immediately <strong>in</strong>form the person<br />
chair<strong>in</strong>g the Constituent Assembly.<br />
(6) Any breach of privilege stated <strong>in</strong> this Article shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> constitute<br />
contempt of the Constituent Assembly and the breach of privilege of the<br />
Constituent Assembly shall be considered as contempt of the Constituent<br />
Assembly. The Constituent Assembly shall have the exclusive right <strong>to</strong> decide<br />
whether or not any breach of privilege has taken place.<br />
138
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
&&=<br />
ljz]ifflwsf/M<br />
-!_ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] a}7sdf k"0f{ jfs :jtGqtf /xg]5 / ;f] a}7sdf JoQm u/]sf] s'g} s'/f jf<br />
lbPsf] s'g} dtnfO{ lnP/ s'g} klg ;b:onfO{ kqmfp ug{, y'gfdf /fVg jf lgh pk/ s'g} cbfntdf<br />
sf/afxL rnfOg] 5}g .<br />
-@_ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] k|To]s a}7snfO{ cfˆgf] cfGtl/s sfd sf/afxL lgoldt ug{] k"0f{ clwsf/<br />
/xg]5 / s'g} sfd sf/afxL lgoldt jf clgoldt 5 jf 5}g egL lg0f{o ug{] clwsf/ ;DalGwt<br />
a}7snfO{ dfq x'g]5 . o; ;DaGwdf s'g} cbfntdf k|Zg p7fOg] 5}g .<br />
-#_ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] s'g} klg sfd sf/afxLnfO{ To;sf] c;n lgotaf/] z+sf p7fO{ s'g} 6Lsf<br />
l6Kk0fL ul/g] 5}g / s'g} ;b:on] af]n]sf] s'g} s'/fsf] ;DaGwdf hfgL–hfgL unt jf e|fds cy{<br />
nufO{ s'g} k|sf/sf] k|sfzg tyf k|;f/0f ul/g] 5}g .<br />
-$_ ;+ljwfg ;efaf6 lbPsf] clwsf/ cGtu{t s'g} lnvt, k|ltj]bg, dtbfg jf sf/afxL<br />
k|sflzt u/]sf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ s'g} JolQm pk/ cbfntdf sf/afxL rnfOg] 5}g .<br />
:ki6Ls/0fM pkwf/f -!_, -@_, -#_ / -$_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu æ;+ljwfg ;efsf] a}7sÆ eGgfn]<br />
;+ljwfg ;ef / To;sf] s'g} ;ldltsf] a}7s ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 .<br />
-%_ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] s'g} klg ;b:onfO{ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] sfo{sfne/ kqmfp ul/g] 5}g .<br />
t/ s'g} kmf}Hbf/L cleof]udf s'g} ;b:onfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd kqmfp ug{ o; pkwf/fn] afwf<br />
k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g . To;/L s'g} ;b:o kqmfp ul/Pdf kqmfp ug{] clwsf/Ln] To;sf] ;"rgf<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf] cWoIftf ug{] JolQmnfO{ t'?Gt lbg' kg{]5 .<br />
-^_ o; wf/fdf pNn]v ePsf s'g} s'/f pNnª\3g ePdf ;+ljwfg ;efsf] ljz]ifflwsf/ xgg x'g] /<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf] ljz]ifflwsf/sf] xggnfO{ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] cjx]ngf dflgg]5 . s'g} ljz]ifflwsf/sf]<br />
xgg ePsf] 5 jf 5}g eGg] lg0f{o ug{] clwsf/ ;f] ;efnfO{ dfq x'g]5 .<br />
139
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(7) If a person is <strong>in</strong> contempt of the Constituent Assembly, the person who is<br />
chair<strong>in</strong>g the meet<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> that effect may, after a decision by the meet<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
admonish, warn, or impose a sentence of imprisonment not exceed<strong>in</strong>g three<br />
months or impose a f<strong>in</strong>e of up <strong>to</strong> ten thousand rupees on, such a person. If the<br />
f<strong>in</strong>e is not paid by such a person, it shall be recoverable as government dues.<br />
Provided that if the person so accused submits an apology <strong>to</strong> the<br />
satisfaction of the Constituent Assembly, it may either pardon him/her, or<br />
alter or not implement the sentence imposed on him/her.<br />
(8) Other matters relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> privileges not mentioned <strong>in</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
78. Procedure relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the conduct of bus<strong>in</strong>ess<br />
The Constituent Assembly shall, subject <strong>to</strong> the provisions of this <strong>Constitution</strong>,<br />
frame rules for conduct<strong>in</strong>g its bus<strong>in</strong>ess, ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g order dur<strong>in</strong>g its meet<strong>in</strong>gs<br />
and regulat<strong>in</strong>g the constitution, functions, procedures and any other matters<br />
relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> its committees. Until such time as rules are made, the Constituent<br />
Assembly shall establish its own rules of procedure.<br />
79. Committees<br />
There shall be Committees and Sub-Committees of the Constituent Assembly<br />
as provided for <strong>in</strong> the law. The services of experts may be obta<strong>in</strong>ed as required.<br />
80. Secretariat of the Constituent Assembly<br />
(1) There shall be a Secretariat <strong>to</strong> conduct the bus<strong>in</strong>ess of the Constituent<br />
Assembly. The establishment of the Secretariat and other matters related there<strong>to</strong><br />
shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
(2) The Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall make available the necessary personnel<br />
required <strong>to</strong> conduct and manage the bus<strong>in</strong>ess of the Constituent Assembly.<br />
81. Remuneration<br />
The remuneration and privileges of the Chairperson, Vice Chairperson,<br />
Members and the Chairperson of the Committees of the Constituent Assembly<br />
shall be as provided for <strong>in</strong> the law, and, until so provided, shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed<br />
by the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
140
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-&_ s;}n] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] cjx]ngf u/]df ;f] ;DaGwL a}7ssf] cWoIftf ug{] JolQmn] a}7ssf]<br />
lg0f{oaf6 ;f] JolQmnfO{ ;r]t u/fpg, gl;xt lbg jf tLg dlxgfdf ga9\g] u/L s}b ug{ jf bz<br />
xhf/ ¿k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf ug{ ;Sg]5 . To:tf] hl/jfgf lghn] r'Qmf gu/]df ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x<br />
c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .<br />
t/ ;+ljwfg ;efnfO{ ;Gtf]if x'g] u/L lghn] Ifdf ofrgf u/]df ;+ljwfg ;efn] Ifdf<br />
k|bfg ug{ jf tf]ls;s]sf] ;hfonfO{ dfkmL ug{, 36fpg jf sfof{Gjog gu/fpg ;Sg]5 .<br />
-*_ o; ;+ljwfgdf pNn]v ul/Pb]lv afx]s ljz]ifflwsf/ ;DaGwL cGo s'/fx¿ sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f<br />
ul/P adf]lhd x'g]5g\ .<br />
&*=<br />
&(=<br />
sfo{ ;~rfng ljlwM<br />
o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL ;+ljwfg ;efn] cfˆgf] sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ a}7ssf] ;'Joj:yf sfod<br />
/fVg / ;ldltx¿sf] u7g, sfd sf/afxL / cGo s'/f lgoldt ug{sf] nflu lgodfjnL agfpg]5 .<br />
To:tf] lgodfjnL gag];Ddsf] nflu ;+ljwfg ;efn] cfˆgf] sfo{ljlw cfkm} + lgoldt ug{]5 .<br />
;ldltM<br />
;+ljwfg ;efdf sfg"gåf/f Joj:yf eP adf]lhd cfjZos ;ª\Vofdf ;ldlt / pk;ldltx¿ /xg]<br />
5g\ . cfjZostf cg';f/ ljz]if1x¿sf] ;xof]u lng ;lsg]5 .<br />
*)= ;+ljwfg ;efsf] ;lrjfnoM<br />
-!_ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] sfdnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{sf nflu Ps ;lrjfno /xg]5 . To:tf] ;lrjfnosf]<br />
:yfkgf / ;f] ;DaGwL cGo s'/f sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] sfd sf/afxL ;~rfng ug{ cfjZos x'g] sd{rf/L g]kfn ;/sf/n] pknAw<br />
u/fpg]5 .<br />
*!= kfl/>ldsM<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf cWoIf, pkfWoIf, ;b:o tyf ;ldltsf ;efkltx¿sf] kfl/>lds / ;'ljwf<br />
sfg"gåf/f Joj:yf eP adf]lhd x'g]5 / To;/L Joj:yf geP;Dd g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgwf{/0f u/]<br />
adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
141
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
82. Dissolution of the Constituent Assembly<br />
On the day of the commencement of the <strong>Constitution</strong> promulgated by the Constituent<br />
Assembly, the task given <strong>to</strong> the Constituent Assembly shall come <strong>to</strong> an end.<br />
Provided that, until the election of the Legislature-Parliament held <strong>in</strong><br />
accordance with the <strong>Constitution</strong> promulgated by the Constituent Assembly,<br />
the proceed<strong>in</strong>gs of the Legislature-Parliament shall be conducted as specified<br />
<strong>in</strong> the <strong>Constitution</strong> promulgated by the Constituent Assembly.<br />
83. Act<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the capacity of Legislature-Parliament<br />
(1) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed elsewhere <strong>in</strong> this Part, the Constituent<br />
Assembly shall also act as Legislature-Parliament as long as the Constituent<br />
Assembly rema<strong>in</strong>s <strong>in</strong> existence, and the Constituent Assembly may constitute<br />
a separate committee <strong>to</strong> conduct necessary regular legislative functions.<br />
(2) The Chairperson and Vice Chairperson of the Constituent Assembly shall<br />
be respectively the Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(3) The Secretariat of the Constituent Assembly and its personnel shall be the<br />
Secretariat and personnel of the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(4) When the Constituent Assembly is act<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the capacity of the Legislature-<br />
Parliament, the provisions conta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> Part 8, with necessary modifications,<br />
shall be applicable <strong>to</strong> the Assembly.<br />
142
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
*@=<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf] lj36gM<br />
;+ljwfg ;efn] kfl/t u/]sf] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePsf] lbgb]lv ;+ljwfg ;efsf] sfd ;dfKt x'g]5 .<br />
t/ ;+ljwfg ;efn] kfl/t u/]sf] ;+ljwfg adf]lhdsf] Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] lgjf{rg<br />
geP;Ddsf nflu Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] sfd sf/afxL ;f] ;efn] kfl/t u/]sf] ;+ljwfgdf pNn]v<br />
eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
*#= Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] x}l;otdf sfd ug{ ]M<br />
-!_ o; efudf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;+ljwfg ;ef sfod /x]sf] cjlwe/ ;f]<br />
;efn] Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] sfd ;d]t ug{ ]5 / lgoldt ljwfog ;DaGwL cfjZos sfo{ ;Dkfbg<br />
ug{ ;+ljwfg ;efn] 5'§} ;ldlt u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
-@_ ;+ljwfg ;efsf cWoIf tyf pkfWoIf Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf qmdzM ;efd'v / pk–;efd'v<br />
x'g]5g\ .<br />
-#_ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] ;lrjfno / To;sf sd{rf/Lx¿ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;lrjfno / sd{rf/L<br />
x'g]5g\ .<br />
-$_ ;+ljwfg ;efn] Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] x}l;otdf sfo{ ;Dkfbg ubf{ efu * sf Joj:yfx¿<br />
cfjZos x]/km]/ ;lxt ;+ljwfg ;efnfO{ nfu" x'g]5g\ .<br />
143
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 8<br />
LEGISLATIVE PROCEDURE<br />
84. Authority <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>troduce a Bill<br />
(1) A Bill may be <strong>in</strong>troduced <strong>in</strong> the House by any member of the Legislature-<br />
Parliament.<br />
Explanation: For the purpose of this Part "House" means the Legislature-<br />
Parliament and "member" means member of the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(2) Any F<strong>in</strong>ance Bill and any Bill concern<strong>in</strong>g the security agencies, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<br />
the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army, the Armed Police Force or the <strong>Nepal</strong> Police, shall be <strong>in</strong>troduced<br />
only as a Government Bill.<br />
(3) "F<strong>in</strong>ance Bill" means a Bill concern<strong>in</strong>g any or all of the follow<strong>in</strong>g subjects<br />
(a) the imposition, collection, abolition, remission, alteration or regulation<br />
of taxes,<br />
(b) the preservation of the Consolidated Fund or any other Government<br />
fund, the deposit of money <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> and the appropriation or the withdrawal<br />
of money from such funds, or the reduction, <strong>in</strong>crement or cancellation<br />
of appropriations or of proposed expenditures from such funds,<br />
(c) the regulation of matters relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the rais<strong>in</strong>g of loans or the giv<strong>in</strong>g of<br />
guarantees by the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> or any matter perta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the<br />
amendment of the laws concern<strong>in</strong>g f<strong>in</strong>ancial liabilities undertaken or <strong>to</strong><br />
be undertaken by the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>,<br />
(d) the cus<strong>to</strong>dy and <strong>in</strong>vestment of all revenues received by any Government<br />
fund, money acquired through the repayment of loans, and the grant of<br />
money, or audit of the accounts of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>, or<br />
(e) matters directly related <strong>to</strong> sub-clauses (a) <strong>to</strong> (d),<br />
Provided that a Bill shall not be deemed <strong>to</strong> be a F<strong>in</strong>ance Bill by reason<br />
only that it provides for the payment of any fees such as licence fee, application<br />
fee, renewal fee, or it provides for imposition of any penalty or imprisonment,<br />
or by reason that it provides for the imposition of any tax, duties or fees by a<br />
local authority.<br />
144<br />
(4) If any question arises whether a Bill is a F<strong>in</strong>ance Bill or not, the decision of<br />
the Speaker of the Legislature-Parliament thereon shall be f<strong>in</strong>al.
{<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu *<br />
Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlw<br />
*$= ljw]os k|:t't ug{ ;Sg]M<br />
-!_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] s'g} klg ;b:on] ;bgdf ljw]os k|:t't ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
:ki6Ls/0fM o; efusf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ;bgÆ eGgfn] Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;bg / æ;b:oÆ<br />
eGgfn] Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;b:onfO{ hgfpg]5 .<br />
-@_ cy{ ljw]os tyf g]kfnL ;]gf, ;z:q k|x/L, g]kfn k|x/L nufot ;'/Iff lgsfo;Fu ;DalGwt<br />
ljw]os ;/sf/L ljw]ossf] ¿kdf dfq k|:t't ul/g]5 .<br />
-#_ æcy{ ljw]osÆ eGgfn] b]xfodf plNnlvt ;a} jf s'g} ljifol;t ;DaGw /fVg] ljw]osnfO{<br />
hgfpF5M–<br />
-s_ s/ nufpg], p7fpg], vf/]h ug] {, 5"6 lbg], kl/jt{g ug] { jf s/ k|0ffnLnfO{ Jojl:yt ug]<br />
ljifo,<br />
-v_ ;l~rt sf]if jf cGo s'g} ;/sf/L sf]ifsf] ;+/If0f ug] {, To:tf] sf]ifdf /sd hDdf ug] { jf<br />
To:tf] sf]ifaf6 s'g} /sd ljlgof]hg jf vr{ ug] { jf ljlgof]hg jf vr{ ug{ vf]lhPsf]<br />
/sd 36fpg], a9fpg] jf vf/]h ug] { ljifo,<br />
-u_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] C0f k|fKt ug]{ jf hdfgt lbg] ljifo Jojl:yt ug]{ jf g]kfn ;/sf/n]<br />
lnPsf] jf lng] cfly{s bfloTj ;DaGwL sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ ljifo,<br />
-3_ ;/sf/L sf]ifdf k|fKt x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf] /fh:j, C0f c;"nLaf6 k|fKt /sd / cg'bfgsf]<br />
/sd lhDdf /fVg], nufgL ug]{ jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] n]vfsf] n]vf k/LIf0f ug]{ ljifo, jf<br />
-ª_ v08 -s_ b]lv v08 -3_ ;Ddsf ljifox¿;Fu k|ToIf ;DaGw ePsf k|f;ª\lus ljifox¿,<br />
t/ s'g} cg'dltkq b:t'/, lgj]bg b:t'/, gljs/0f b:t'/ h:tf z'Ns, b:t'/ nufpg] jf<br />
s'g} hl/jfgf jf s}b x'g] Joj:yf jf :yfgLo lgsfon] nufpg] s'g} s/, b:t'/ jf z'Ns ePsf]<br />
sf/0fn] dfq s'g} ljw]os cy{ ljw]os dflgg] 5}g .<br />
-$_ s'g} ljw]os cy{ ljw]os xf] jf xf]Og eGg] k|Zg p7]df Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;efd'vsf] lg0f{o<br />
clGtd x'g]5 .<br />
145
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
85. Procedure for passage of Bills<br />
(1) Any member who wants <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>troduce a Bill <strong>in</strong> the House shall give at least<br />
seven day's notice <strong>to</strong> the Secretary General or Secretary of the Legislature-<br />
Parliament about the Bill.<br />
Provided that prior notice of five days shall be sufficient for a<br />
Government Bill.<br />
(2) Copies of the Bill shall be made available <strong>to</strong> all members two days before the<br />
<strong>in</strong>troduction of the Bill.<br />
(3) The member who has <strong>in</strong>troduced the Bill may propose the Bill <strong>in</strong> the House<br />
for consideration.<br />
(4) If the proposal pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (3) is accepted, discussion clause by clause<br />
of the Bill shall be held <strong>in</strong> the House or <strong>in</strong> the relevant Committee.<br />
(5) The member <strong>in</strong>troduc<strong>in</strong>g the Bill shall, after the completion of the clause by<br />
clause discussion on the Bill, if that discussion takes place <strong>in</strong> the House, or after<br />
the completion of the discussion on the report of the Committee, if the clause by<br />
clause discussion has taken place <strong>in</strong> Committee, move a motion <strong>in</strong> the<br />
Legislature- Parliament that the Bill be passed.<br />
(6) If the proposal presented pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (5) is passed by a simple majority<br />
of the <strong>to</strong>tal number of members of the House, the Bill shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> have<br />
passed.<br />
86. Withdrawal of the Bill<br />
The member who <strong>in</strong>troduces a Bill may withdraw the Bill with the approval of<br />
the House.<br />
87. Certification of the Bill<br />
A Bill passed by the House shall become an Act after it is certified by *the<br />
President.<br />
**Provided that until the President holds office after the President's election,<br />
the Speaker shall cerify the Bill.<br />
* Amened on 2065 Jesth 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: by the speaker of the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
** Added on 2065 Jesth 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
146
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
*%= ljw]os kfl/t ug]{ ljlwM<br />
-!_ ;bgdf ljw]os k|:t't ug{ rfxg] ;b:on] ljw]os k|:t't ug' { eGbf sDtLdf ;ft lbg cufj}<br />
;f]sf] ;"rgf dxf;lrj jf ;lrjnfO{ lbg' kg] {5 .<br />
t/ ;/sf/L ljw]ossf] xsdf kfFr lbg cufl8 ;"rgf lbg' kof{Kt x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ ljw]os k]z x'g] lbgeGbf b'O{ lbg cufj} k|To]s ;b:onfO{ ljw]ossf] k|lt pknAw u/fOg]5 .<br />
-#_ ljw]os k|:t'tstf{ ;b:on] ;bg ;dIf ljw]osdfly ljrf/ ul/of];\ eGg] s'g} k|:tfj k|:t't<br />
ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t ePdf To:tf] ljw]os dflysf] bkmfaf/ 5nkmn<br />
;bgdf jf ;DalGwt ;ldltdf x'g]5 .<br />
-%_ ;bgdf bkmfaf/ 5nkmn ePsf]df ;f] ;dfKt ePkl5 / ;ldltdf bkmfjf/ 5nkmn ePsf]df<br />
;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg dflysf] 5nkmn ;dfKt ePkl5 ljw]os k|:t'tstf{ ;b:on] ljw]os kfl/t<br />
ul/of];\ eGg] k|:tfj k|:t't ug]{5 .<br />
-^_ pkwf/f -%_ adf]lhd k|:t't ePsf] k|:tfj ;bgsf] s'n ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] ;fdfGo ax'dtaf6<br />
:jLs[t ePdf ljw]os kfl/t ePsf] dflgg]5 .<br />
*^=<br />
ljw]os lkmtf{ lng]M<br />
ljw]os k|:t'tstf{ ;b:on] ;bgsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ljw]os lkmtf{ lng ;Sg]5 .<br />
*&= ljw]ossf] k|df0fLs/0fM<br />
;bgaf6 kfl/t ljw]os k|df0fLs/0f */fi6«kltåf/f<br />
ePkl5 P]g aGg]5 .<br />
**t/ t/ /fi6«kltsf] lgjf{rg eO{ sfo{ef/ g;Dxfn];Dd ;efd'våf/f g} k|df0fLs/0f x'g]5 .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;efd'våf/f<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f yk<br />
147
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
88. Ord<strong>in</strong>ances<br />
(1) If at any time, except when the Legislative-Parliament is <strong>in</strong> session, *the<br />
President is satisfied that circumstances exist which render it necessary <strong>to</strong><br />
take immediate action, without prejudic<strong>in</strong>g the provisions set out <strong>in</strong> this<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong>, **the President on the recommendation of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters<br />
may promulgate any Ord<strong>in</strong>ance it deems necessary.<br />
(2) An Ord<strong>in</strong>ance promulgated under Clause (1) shall have the same force and<br />
effect as an Act.<br />
Provided that every such Ord<strong>in</strong>ance<br />
(a) shall be tabled at the next session of Legislature-Parliament, and if not<br />
passed it shall ipso fac<strong>to</strong> cease <strong>to</strong> be effective;<br />
(b) may be repealed at any time by ***the President; and<br />
(c) shall, unless rendered <strong>in</strong>effective or repealed under sub-clause (a) or (b),<br />
cease <strong>to</strong> have effect at the expiration of sixty days from the commencement<br />
of the session of the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
**Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
***Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
148
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
**= cWofb]zM<br />
-!_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] clwj]zg jf a}7s rln/x]sf] cj:yfdf afx]s cGo cj:yfdf tTsfn<br />
s]xL ug{ cfjZos k/]sf] 5 eGg] s'/fdf */fi6«klt<br />
;Gt'i6 ePdf o; ;+ljwfgdf n]lvPsf<br />
s'/fx¿sf] k|lts"n gx'g] u/L **dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df cfjZos cWofb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd hf/L ePsf] cWofb]z P]g ;/x dfGo x'g]5 .<br />
t/ To:tf] k|To]s cWofb]z,–<br />
-s_ hf/L ePkl5 a;]sf] Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] a}7sdf k]z ul/g]5 / To:tf] a}7sn] :jLsf/<br />
gu/]df :jtM lgis[o x'g]5,<br />
-v_ ***/fi6«kltaf6<br />
h'g;'s} avt vf/]h x'g ;Sg]5, /<br />
-u_ v08 -s_ jf -v_ adf]lhd lgis[o jf vf/]h gePdf Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] a}7s a;]sf]<br />
;f7L lbgkl5 :jtM lgis[o x'g]5 .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM g]kfn ;/sf/af6<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM g]kfn ;/sf/n]<br />
***g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM g]kfn ;/sf/af6<br />
149
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 9<br />
FINANCIAL PROCEDURE<br />
89. No tax <strong>to</strong> be levied or loan <strong>to</strong> be raised except <strong>in</strong> accordance with law<br />
(1) No tax shall be levied and collected except <strong>in</strong> accordance with law.<br />
(2) No loan shall be raised or guarantee be given by the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
except <strong>in</strong> accordance with law.<br />
90. Consolidated Fund<br />
Except for the revenues of religious endowments, all revenues received by the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>, all loans raised on the security of revenues, and all the<br />
money received <strong>in</strong> repayment of any loan made under the authority of any Act<br />
and any amount received by the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall be credited <strong>to</strong> a<br />
Government Fund <strong>to</strong> be known as the Consolidated Fund.<br />
Provided that, the money of religious endowments, other than private<br />
religious endowments, shall be regulated by laws <strong>to</strong> be enacted.<br />
91. Expenditures from the Consolidated Fund or a Government Fund<br />
No expenditure shall be <strong>in</strong>curred out of the Consolidated Fund or any other<br />
Government fund other than the follow<strong>in</strong>g<br />
(a) money charged on the Consolidated Fund,<br />
(b) money required <strong>to</strong> meet expenditure under an Appropriation Act,<br />
(c) advance money authorized by an Act required <strong>to</strong> meet expenditures,<br />
when an Appropriation Bill is under consideration, or<br />
(d) expenditures <strong>to</strong> be <strong>in</strong>curred <strong>in</strong> extraord<strong>in</strong>ary circumstances under a<br />
Vote of Credit Act which conta<strong>in</strong>s only a description of expenditure.<br />
Provided that matters relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the Cont<strong>in</strong>gency Fund shall be governed<br />
<strong>in</strong> accordance with Article 98.<br />
92. Expenditure chargeable on the Consolidated Fund<br />
The expenditures relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g matters shall be charged on the<br />
Consolidated Fund:<br />
*(a) the amount <strong>to</strong> be provided for the salary and benefits of the President<br />
and Vice-President".<br />
**(a1) the amount required as remuneration and benefits and pension payable<br />
<strong>to</strong> the Chief Justice of <strong>Nepal</strong> and other Judges of the Supreme Court,<br />
150<br />
*Added on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read:<br />
(a) the amount required as remuneration and benefits and pension payable <strong>to</strong> the Chief Justice of <strong>Nepal</strong> and other Judges of the<br />
Supreme Court,<br />
**Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu (<br />
cfly{s sfo{ k|0ffnL<br />
*(= sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s s/ nufpg jf C0f lng gkfOg]M<br />
-!_ sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s s'g} s/ nufOg] / p7fOg] 5}g .<br />
-@_ sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f s'g} C0f lnOg] / hdfgt lbOg] 5}g .<br />
()= ;l~rt sf]ifM<br />
u'7L /sd afx]s g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ k|fKt x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf /fh:j, /fh:jsf] lwtf]df lnOPsf ;a}<br />
shf{x¿ / P]gsf] clwsf/ cGtu{t lbOPsf] h'g;'s} C0f c;'n x'Fbf k|fKt ePsf] ;a} wg tyf<br />
g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ k|fKt x'g] cGo h'g;'s} /sd Ps ;/sf/L sf]ifdf cfDbfgL afFlwg]5 h;nfO{<br />
;l~rt sf]if elgg]5 .<br />
t/, lghL u'7L afx]ssf] cGo u'7Lsf] /sdsf] xsdf sfg"g agfO{ lgoldt ul/g]5 .<br />
(!= ;l~rt sf]if jf ;/sf/L sf]ifaf6 JooM<br />
b]xfosf /sd afx]s ;l~rt sf]if jf cGo s'g} ;/sf/L sf]ifaf6 s'g} /sd lemSg ;lsg] 5}gM–<br />
-s_ ;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/ ePsf] /sd,<br />
-v_ ljlgof]hg ug] { P]gåf/f vr{ x'g] /sd,<br />
-u_ ljlgof]hg ljw]os ljrf/fwLg /x]sf cj:yfdf k]:sLsf] ¿kdf P]gåf/f vr{ x'g] /sd, jf<br />
-3_ ljz]if cj:yfdf Joosf] ljj/0f dfq ePsf] pwf/f] vr{ P]gåf/f Joo x'g] /sd .<br />
t/ cfsl:ds sf]ifsf xsdf wf/f (* adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
(@=<br />
;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/M<br />
b]xfosf ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt vr{x¿ ;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/ x'g]5g\M–<br />
*-s_ -s_ /fi6«klt tyf pk/fi6«kltsf] kfl/>lds / ;'ljwfsf] /sd,<br />
**-s!_<br />
-s!_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf k|wfg GofofwLz tyf cGo GofofwLzx¿nfO{ lbOg] kfl/>lds,<br />
;'ljwf / lgj[lQe/0fsf] /sd,<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yf M -s_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf k|wfg<br />
GofofwLz tyf cGo GofofwLzx¿nfO{ lbOg] kfl/>lds, ;'ljwf / lgj[lQe/0fsf] /sd,<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt .<br />
151
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(b) the amount required as remuneration and benefits payable <strong>to</strong> the<br />
follow<strong>in</strong>g officials -<br />
(i) the Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislature- Parliament,<br />
(ii) the Chairperson and Vice Chairperson of the Constituent<br />
Assembly,<br />
(iii) the Chief Commissioner and Commissioners ot he Commission<br />
for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority,<br />
(iv) the Audi<strong>to</strong>r General,<br />
(v) the Chairperson and members of the Public Service Commission,<br />
(vi) the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election<br />
Commissioners, and<br />
(vii) the Chairperson and members of the National Human Rights<br />
Commission.<br />
(c) the adm<strong>in</strong>istrative expenses of the Supreme Court, the Commission for<br />
the Investigation of Abuse of Authority, the Office of the Audi<strong>to</strong>r General,<br />
the Public Service Commission, the Election Commission and the<br />
National Human Rights Commission,<br />
(d) all charges relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> debts for which the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> is liable,<br />
(e) any sum required <strong>to</strong> be paid under any judgment or decree of a court<br />
aga<strong>in</strong>st the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>; and<br />
(f) any other sum declared by law <strong>to</strong> be chargeable on the Consolidated Fund.<br />
93. Estimates of revenues and expenditure<br />
(1) The F<strong>in</strong>ance M<strong>in</strong>ister shall, with respect <strong>to</strong> every fiscal year, present before the<br />
Legislature-Parliament annual estimates <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g the follow<strong>in</strong>g matters<br />
(a) an estimate of revenues,<br />
(b) the money required <strong>to</strong> meet the charges on the Consolidated Fund; and<br />
(c) the money required <strong>to</strong> meet the expenditure <strong>to</strong> be provided for by an<br />
Appropriation Act.<br />
(2) The annual estimate <strong>to</strong> be presented pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1) shall be accompanied<br />
by a statement of the expenses allocated <strong>to</strong> each M<strong>in</strong>istry <strong>in</strong> the previous f<strong>in</strong>ancial<br />
year and particulars of whether the objectives of the expenses have been achieved.<br />
94. Appropriation Act<br />
The money required <strong>to</strong> meet the expenditure <strong>to</strong> be provided by an Appropriation<br />
Act shall be specified under appropriate heads <strong>in</strong> an Appropriation Bill.<br />
152
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-v_ lgDg lnlvt kbflwsf/LnfO{ lbOg] kfl/>lds / ;'ljwfsf /sdx¿M–<br />
-!_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf ;efd'v / pk–;efd'v,<br />
-@_ ;+ljwfg ;efsf cWoIf / pkfWoIf,<br />
-#_ clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf k|d'v cfo'Qm / cfo'Qmx¿,<br />
-$_ dxfn]vfk/LIfs,<br />
-%_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:ox¿,<br />
-^_ k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / lgjf{rg cfo'Qmx¿, /<br />
-&_ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] cWoIf / ;b:ox¿ .<br />
-u_ ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u, dxfn]vfk/LIfs, nf]s ;]jf<br />
cfof]u, lgjf{rg cfof]u / /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u;DaGwL k|zf;lgs Joox¿,<br />
-3_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] bfloTjsf] C0f ;DaGwL Jooef/,<br />
-ª_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lj?4 cbfntaf6 ePsf] km};nf jf cf1lKt cg';f/ ltg'{ kg]{ /sd, /<br />
-r_ sfg"gn] ;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/ x'g] egL lgwf{/0f u/]sf] /sd .<br />
(#= /fh:j / Joosf] cg'dfgM<br />
-!_ cy{ dGqLn] k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] ;DaGwdf Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;dIf b]xfosf s'/fx¿ ;d]t<br />
v'nfO{ jflif{s cg'dfg k]z ug{ ' kg] {5 M–<br />
-s_ /fh:jsf] cg'dfg,<br />
-v_ ;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/ x'g] cfjZos /sdx¿, /<br />
-u_ ljlgof]hg P]gåf/f Joo x'g] cfjZos /sdx¿ .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd jflif{s cg'dfg k]z ubf{ cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df k|To]s dGqfnonfO{<br />
5'6\ofOPsf] vr{sf] /sd / ;f] vr{ cg';f/sf] nIo xfl;n eof] jf ePg To;sf] ljj/0f klg k]z<br />
ug'{ kg]{5 .<br />
($= ljlgof]hg P]gM<br />
ljlgof]hg P]g cg';f/ Joo x'g] cfjZos /sd zLif{sx¿df lglb{i6 u/L ljlgof]hg ljw]osdf<br />
/flvg]5g\ .<br />
153
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
95. Supplementary estimates<br />
(1) The F<strong>in</strong>ance M<strong>in</strong>ister shall, <strong>in</strong> respect of any f<strong>in</strong>ancial year, present<br />
supplementary estimates before the Legislature-Parliament, if it is found -<br />
(a) that the sum authorized <strong>to</strong> be spent for a particular service by the<br />
Appropriation Act for the current fiscal year is <strong>in</strong>sufficient, or that a need<br />
has arisen for expenditure upon new services not provided for by the<br />
Appropriation Act for that year, or<br />
(b) that the expenditures made dur<strong>in</strong>g that fiscal year are <strong>in</strong> excess of the amount<br />
authorized by the Appropriation Act.<br />
(2) The sums <strong>in</strong>cluded <strong>in</strong> the supplementary estimates shall be specified under<br />
separate heads <strong>in</strong> a Supplementary Appropriation Bill.<br />
96. Votes on Account<br />
(1) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> this Part, a portion of the expenditure<br />
estimated for the f<strong>in</strong>ancial year may, when an Appropriation Bill is under<br />
consideration, be <strong>in</strong>curred <strong>in</strong> advance by an Act.<br />
(2) A Vote on Account Bill shall not be submitted until the estimates of revenues<br />
and expenditures have been presented <strong>in</strong> accordance with the provisions of Article<br />
93 and the sums <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> the Vote on Account shall not exceed one-third of the<br />
estimate of expenditure for the f<strong>in</strong>ancial year.<br />
(3) The expenditure <strong>in</strong>curred <strong>in</strong> accordance with the Vote on Account Act<br />
shall be <strong>in</strong>cluded <strong>in</strong> the Appropriation Bill.<br />
#<br />
96A. Special arrangements regard<strong>in</strong>g revenue and expenditure:<br />
(1) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> this Part, if a special situation<br />
arises that prevents the submission of the estimates of expenditure and revenue<br />
for the next fiscal year <strong>to</strong> the Legislature-Parliament by the end of the current<br />
fiscal year, revenue may be collected accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the F<strong>in</strong>ance Act of the current<br />
fiscal year.<br />
(2) In case of the emergence of a situation under Clause (1) the F<strong>in</strong>ance M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
may expla<strong>in</strong> the reason and <strong>in</strong>troduce <strong>in</strong> the Legislature-Parliament a Bill<br />
regard<strong>in</strong>g authority <strong>to</strong> spend <strong>in</strong> the next fiscal year an amount not exceed<strong>in</strong>g<br />
one-third of the <strong>to</strong>tal expenditure of the current fiscal year .<br />
(3) The amount expended pursuant <strong>to</strong> Article (2) shall be <strong>in</strong>cluded <strong>in</strong> the<br />
Appropriation Bill.<br />
# Added on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12 , 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065.<br />
154
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
(%= k"/s cg'dfgM<br />
-!_ s'g} cfly{s jif{df b]xfosf] cj:yf kg{ cfPdf cy{ dGqLaf6 Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;dIf k"/s<br />
cg'dfg k]z ul/g]5 M–<br />
-s_ rfn" cfly{s jif{sf lgldQ ljlgof]hg P]gåf/f s'g} ;]jfsf] nflu vr{ ug{ clV<strong>to</strong>f/L<br />
lbOPsf] /sd ckof{Kt ePdf jf To; jif{sf lgldQ ljlgof]hg P]gn] clV<strong>to</strong>f/ glbPsf]<br />
gofF ;]jfdf vr{ ug{ cfjZos ePdf, jf<br />
-v_ To; cfly{s jif{df s'g} ljlgof]hg P]gåf/f clV<strong>to</strong>f/L lbPsf] /sdeGbf a9L vr{ x'g<br />
uPdf .<br />
-@_ k"/s cg'dfgdf /flvPsf] /sd zLif{sx¿df lglb{i6 u/L k"/s ljlgof]hg ljw]osdf /flvg]5g\ .<br />
(^=<br />
k]:sL vr{M<br />
-!_ o; efudf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ljlgof]hg ljw]os ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] cj:yfdf<br />
cfly{s jif{sf nflu cg'dfg ul/Psf] Joosf] s'g} c+z cufj} k]:sLsf ¿kdf P]gåf/f vr{ ug{<br />
;lsg]5 .<br />
-@_ wf/f (# df ul/Psf] Joj:yf cg';f/ /fh:j / Joosf] cg'dfg k]z gul/P;Dd k]:sL vr{<br />
ljw]os k|:t't ul/g] 5}g / k]:sLsf] /sd cfly{s jif{sf] Joo cg'dfgsf] t[tLof+zeGbf a9L<br />
x'g]5}g .<br />
-#_ k]:sL vr{ P]g cg';f/ vr{ ePsf] /sd ljlgof]hg ljw]osdf ;dfj]z ul/g]5 .<br />
# (^s= /fh:j / Joo ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M<br />
-!_ o; efudf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] cGTo;Dddf<br />
cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] nflu /fh:j / Joosf] cg'dfg Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;dIf k]; x'g<br />
g;Sg] ljz]if kl/l:ylt pTkGg ePdf rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] cfly{s P]g adf]lhd /fh:j<br />
;ª\sng ug{ ;lsg]5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] kl/l:ylt pTkGg ePdf cy{ dGqLn] To;sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ rfn"<br />
cfly{s jif{sf] s'n Joosf] Ps t[tLof+zdf ga9\g] u/L cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] nflu vr{ ug]{<br />
clwsf/sf] ljw]os Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;dIf k]; ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd vr{ ePsf] /sd ljlgof]hg ljw]osdf ;dfj]z ul/g]5 .<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f yk<br />
155
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(4) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed elsewhere <strong>in</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong>, a Bill<br />
presented <strong>to</strong> the Legislature-Parliament pursuant <strong>to</strong> Clause (2) may be debated<br />
and passed on the same day as the <strong>in</strong>troduction of the Bill.<br />
97. Votes of Credit<br />
Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed elsewhere <strong>in</strong> this Part, if ow<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> a local<br />
or national emergency due <strong>to</strong> either natural causes, a threat of external aggression<br />
or <strong>in</strong>ternal disturbances or other reasons, and it is impractical or <strong>in</strong>expedient <strong>in</strong><br />
view of the security or <strong>in</strong>terest of the State <strong>to</strong> specify the details required under<br />
Article 93, the F<strong>in</strong>ance M<strong>in</strong>ister may present a Vote of Credit Bill before the<br />
Legislature-Parliament giv<strong>in</strong>g only a description of the proposed expenditure.<br />
98. Cont<strong>in</strong>gency Fund<br />
An Act may create a Cont<strong>in</strong>gency Fund <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> which shall be paid from time <strong>to</strong><br />
time such money as may be determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law. Such Fund shall be under the<br />
control of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>. Any unforeseen expenditures shall be met<br />
out of such Fund by the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>. The amount of the expenditures<br />
so met shall be reimbursed as soon as possible by an Act.<br />
99. Act relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> f<strong>in</strong>ancial procedures<br />
Matters relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the transfer of money appropriated from one head <strong>to</strong> another<br />
and other f<strong>in</strong>ancial procedures shall be regulated by an Act.<br />
156
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-$_ o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd Joj:yflksf–<br />
;+;b ;dIf k]; ePsf] ljw]os ;f] ljw]os k]; ePsf] lbgdf g} 5nkmn k|f/De u/L kfl/t ug{<br />
;lsg]5 .<br />
(&=<br />
pwf/f] vr{M<br />
o; efudf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg k|fs[lts sf/0f jf jfx\o cfqmd0fsf] cfzÍf<br />
jf cfGtl/s lj£g jf cGo sf/0fn] ubf{ :yfgLo jf /fi6«JofkL ;Í6sf] cj:yf ePdf wf/f (#<br />
cGtu{t rflxg] ljj/0f v'nfpg cJofjxfl/s jf /fHosf] ;'/Iff jf lxtsf b[li6n] cjf~5gLo<br />
b]lvPdf cy{ dGqLn] Joosf] ljj/0f dfq ePsf] pwf/f] vr{ ljw]os Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;dIf k]z<br />
ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
(*= cfsl:ds sf]ifM<br />
P]gåf/f cfsl:ds sf]ifsf gfdn] Pp6f sf]if :yfkgf ug{ ;lsg]5 / To:tf] sf]ifdf ;do ;dodf<br />
P]gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP cg';f/sf] /sd hDdf ul/g]5 . ;f] sf]if g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lgoGq0fdf /xg]5 .<br />
g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;f] sf]ifaf6 cfsl:ds sfo{sf] nflu vr{ ug{ ;Sg]5 . To:tf] vr{sf] /sd P]gåf/f<br />
oyfzL3| ;f]wegf{ ul/g]5 .<br />
((= cfly{s sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL P]gM<br />
P]gåf/f ljlgof]lht Ps zLif{saf6 csf]{ zLif{sdf /sd ;fg]{ / cfly{s sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL cGo<br />
s'/fx¿ P]gåf/f Jojl:yt x'g]5 .<br />
157
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 10<br />
JUDICIARY<br />
100. Courts <strong>to</strong> exercise powers related <strong>to</strong> justice<br />
(1) Powers relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> justice <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> shall be exercised by courts and other<br />
judicial <strong>in</strong>stitutions <strong>in</strong> accordance with the provisions of this <strong>Constitution</strong>, the<br />
laws and the recognized pr<strong>in</strong>ciples of justice.<br />
(2) The judiciary of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall be committed <strong>to</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong> by recogniz<strong>in</strong>g<br />
the concept, norms and values of the <strong>in</strong>dependent judiciary, and by realiz<strong>in</strong>g<br />
the spirit of democracy and the aspirations of the Jana Andolan.<br />
101. Courts<br />
(1) There shall be the follow<strong>in</strong>g courts <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
(a) Supreme Court,<br />
(b) Appellate Court, and<br />
(c) District Court.<br />
(2) In addition <strong>to</strong> the courts referred <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong> clause (1), for the purpose of hear<strong>in</strong>g<br />
special types of cases the law may establish and constitute special types of<br />
courts, judicial <strong>in</strong>stitutions or tribunals.<br />
Provided that no court, judicial <strong>in</strong>stitution or tribunal shall be constituted<br />
for the purpose of hear<strong>in</strong>g a particular case.<br />
102. Supreme Court<br />
(1) The Supreme Court shall be the highest court <strong>in</strong> the judicial hierarchy.<br />
(2) All other courts and judicial <strong>in</strong>stitutions of <strong>Nepal</strong>, other than the Constituent<br />
Assembly Court, shall be under the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court may<br />
<strong>in</strong>spect, supervise and give directives <strong>to</strong> its subord<strong>in</strong>ate courts and other judicial<br />
<strong>in</strong>stitutions.<br />
(3) The Supreme Court shall be a Court of Record. It may <strong>in</strong>itiate proceed<strong>in</strong>gs<br />
and impose penalties <strong>in</strong> accordance with law for contempt of itself and of its<br />
subord<strong>in</strong>ate courts or judicial <strong>in</strong>stitutions.<br />
158
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu !)<br />
Gofokflnsf<br />
!))= Gofo ;DaGwL clwsf/ cbfntaf6 k|of]u x'g]M<br />
-!_ g]kfnsf] Gofo ;DaGwL clwsf/ of] ;+ljwfg / cGo sfg"g tyf Gofosf dfGo l;4fGt cg';f/<br />
cbfnt tyf Goflos lgsfox¿af6 k|of]u ul/g]5 .<br />
-@_ g]kfnsf] Gofokflnsfn] :jtGq Gofokflnsf ;DaGwL cjwf/0ff / d"NodfGotfnfO{ cg';/0f<br />
u/L nf]stGq / hgcfGbf]ngsf] efjgfnfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{ o; ;+ljwfgk|lt k|ltj4 /xg]5 .<br />
!)!= cbfntx¿M<br />
-!_ g]kfndf b]xfo adf]lhdsf cbfntx¿ /xg]5g\M–<br />
-s_ ;jf]{Rr cbfnt,<br />
-v_ k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, /<br />
-u_ lhNnf cbfnt .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]s vf; lsl;d / k|s[ltsf d'2fsf] sf/afxL / lsgf/f ug{<br />
sfg"gåf/f cGo cbfnt, Goflos lgsfo jf Gofoflws/0fsf] :yfkgf / u7g ug{ ;lsg]5 .<br />
t/ s'g} vf; d'2fsf] nflu cbfnt, Goflos lgsfo jf Gofoflws/0fsf] u7g ul/g] 5}g .<br />
!)@= ;jf] {Rr cbfntM<br />
-!_ Gofokflnsfsf] ;a}eGbf dflyNnf] tx ;jf]{Rr cbfnt x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ ;+ljwfg ;ef ;DaGwL cbfnt afx]s g]kfnsf cGo ;a} cbfnt / Goflos lgsfox¿ ;jf] {Rr<br />
cbfntsf dftxtdf x'g]5g\ . ;jf{ ]Rr cbfntn] cfˆgf] dftxtsf cbfnt / Goflos lgsfox¿sf]<br />
lg/LIf0f Pj+ ;'k/Lj]If0f ug{ / cfjZos lgb{]zg lbg ;Sg]5 .<br />
-#_ ;jf]{Rr cbfnt clen]v cbfnt x'g]5 . o;n] cfˆgf] / cfˆgf dftxtsf cbfnt jf Goflos<br />
lgsfox¿sf] cjx]ngfdf sf/afxL rnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd ;hfo ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
159
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(4) Except on the matters which fall under the jurisdiction of the Constituent<br />
Assembly Court, the Supreme Court shall have the f<strong>in</strong>al power <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>terpret this<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong> and other prevail<strong>in</strong>g laws.<br />
(5) The Supreme Court shall, <strong>in</strong> addition <strong>to</strong> the Chief Justice of <strong>Nepal</strong>, consist of<br />
up <strong>to</strong> a maximum of fourteen other Judges. If at any time, the number of exist<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Judges becomes <strong>in</strong>sufficient due <strong>to</strong> an <strong>in</strong>crease <strong>in</strong> the number of cases <strong>in</strong> the<br />
Supreme Court, ad hoc Judges may be appo<strong>in</strong>ted for a fixed term.<br />
103. Appo<strong>in</strong>tment and qualifications of Judges of the Supreme Court<br />
(1) *The President shall appo<strong>in</strong>t the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court on the<br />
recommendation of the <strong>Constitution</strong>al Council, and the Chief Justice shall<br />
appo<strong>in</strong>t other Judges of the Supreme Court on the recommendation of the<br />
Judicial Council. The tenure of office of the Chief Justice shall be six years from<br />
the date of appo<strong>in</strong>tment, subject <strong>to</strong> sub-clause (b) of clause (1) of Article 105.<br />
(2) Any person who has worked as a Judge of the Supreme Court for at least<br />
three years is eligible for appo<strong>in</strong>tment as Chief Justice.<br />
(3) Any person who has worked as a Judge of an Appellate Court or <strong>in</strong> any<br />
equivalent post <strong>in</strong> the judicial service for at least seven years, or has worked as<br />
a gazetted officer first class or above of the judicial service for at least twelve<br />
years, or has practised law for at least fifteen years as a law graduate advocate<br />
or senior advocate, or a dist<strong>in</strong>guished jurist who has worked for at least fifteen<br />
years <strong>in</strong> the judicial or legal field is eligible for appo<strong>in</strong>tment as a Judge of the<br />
Supreme Court.<br />
(4) If the office of the Chief Justice becomes vacant, or the Chief Justice is unable <strong>to</strong><br />
carry out the duties of his/her office due <strong>to</strong> illness or any other reason, or he/she<br />
cannot be present <strong>in</strong> office due <strong>to</strong> a leave of absence or his/her be<strong>in</strong>g outside of<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong>, the senior-most Judge of the Supreme Court shall be the Act<strong>in</strong>g Chief Justice.<br />
(5) The Chief Justice and other Judges of the Supreme Court shall hold office<br />
until they atta<strong>in</strong> the age of sixty-five years.<br />
104. Conditions of service and privileges of the Chief Justice and Judges<br />
(1) The Chief Justice, and the permanent judges of the Supreme Court who<br />
have served for at least five years, shall get a pension at retirement as provided<br />
for <strong>in</strong> the law.<br />
160<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: The Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister.
{<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-$_ ;+ljwfg ;ef ;DaGwL cbfntsf] If]qflwsf/leq kg]{ ljifodf afx]s o; ;+ljwfg / k|rlnt<br />
sfg"gsf] JofVof ug]{ clGtd clwsf/ ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf lglxt /xg]5 .<br />
-%_ ;jf{]Rr cbfntdf k|wfg GofofwLzsf] cltl/Qm a9Ldf rf}w hgf;Dd cGo GofofwLzx¿<br />
/xg]5g\ . s'g} ;dodf ;jf{]Rr cbfntdf d'2fsf] ;ª\Vof a9\g uO{ GofofwLzx¿sf] ;ª\Vof<br />
ckof{Kt x'g uPdf s'g} lglZrt cjlwsf nflu c:yfoL GofofwLz lgo'Qm ug{ ;lsg]5 .<br />
!)#= ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf GofofwLzx¿sf] lgo'lQm / of]UotfM<br />
-!_ */fi6«kltn]<br />
;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] k|wfg GofofwLz / k|wfg<br />
GofofwLzn] Gofokl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf cGo GofofwLzx¿sf] lgo'lQm ug{]5 .<br />
k|wfg GofofwLzsf] kbfjlw wf/f !)% sf] pkwf/f -!_ sf] v08 -v_ sf] cwLgdf /xL lgo'lQm ePsf]<br />
ldltaf6 5 jif{sf] x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz kbdf sDtLdf tLg jif{ sfd u/]sf] JolQm ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf]<br />
k|wfg GofofwLzsf] kbdf lgo'Qm x'g of]Uo dflgg]5 .<br />
-#_ k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] GofofwLz jf ;f] ;/xsf] Gofo ;]jfsf] s'g} kbdf ;ft aif{ jf Gofo<br />
;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fL jf ;f] eGbf dflyNnf] kbdf sDtLdf afx| jif{ sfd u/]sf] jf<br />
sfg"gdf :gfts clwjQmf jf jl/i7 clwjQmfsf] x}l;otdf sDtLdf kGw| jif{ jsfnt u/]sf] jf<br />
sDtLdf kGw| jif{;Dd Gofo jf sfg"gsf] If]qdf sfd u/L ljlzi6 sfg"gljb\sf ¿kdf Voflt k|fKt<br />
u/]sf] JolQm dfq ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu of]Uo dflgg]5 .<br />
-$_ k|wfg GofofwLzsf] kb l/Qm ePdf jf c:j:ytfsf] jf c? s'g} sf/0fn] k|wfg GofofwLz<br />
cfˆgf] kbsf] sfd ug{ c;dy{ ePdf jf labf a;]sf] jf g]kfn aflx/ uPsf] sf/0fn] k|wfg<br />
GofofwLz ;jf] {Rr cbfntdf pkl:yt gx'g] cj:yf k/]df ;jf] {Rr cbfntsf] jl/i7td GofofwLzn]<br />
sfod d'sfod k|wfg GofofwLz eO{ sfd ug] ]5 .<br />
-%_ k|wfg GofofwLz / ;jf] {Rr cbfntsf cGo GofofwLzx¿ k};ÝL jif{sf] pd]/ gk'u];Dd cfkmgf]<br />
kbdf jxfn /xg]5g\ .<br />
!)$= k|wfg GofofwLz tyf GofofwLzsf] ;]jfsf zt{ tyf ;'ljwfM<br />
-!_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] k|wfg GofofwLz tyf sDtLdf kFfr jif{ sfd u/]sf] ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf]<br />
:yfoL GofofwLzn] cjsfz k|fKt ubf{ sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd lgj[lQe/0f kfpg]5g\ .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
161
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(2) Except as otherwise provided <strong>in</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong>, the remuneration, leave,<br />
allowances, pension and other conditions of service of the Chief Justice and<br />
other Judges of the Supreme Court shall be regulated by law.<br />
(3) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> clauses (1) and (2), any Chief justice or Judge<br />
of the Supreme Court who has been removed from office through impeachment<br />
shall not be entitled <strong>to</strong> any gratuities and pensions.<br />
(4) The remuneration, privileges and other conditions of service of the Chief<br />
Justice and other Judges of the Supreme Court shall not be altered <strong>to</strong> their<br />
disadvantage.<br />
105. Removal of the Chief Justice and Judges of the Supreme Court<br />
(1) The Chief Justice or other Judges of the Supreme Court shall be deemed <strong>to</strong><br />
have ceased <strong>to</strong> hold office <strong>in</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g situations<br />
a) if the Chief Justice submits his/her resignation *<strong>to</strong> the President or a<br />
Judge submits his/her resignation <strong>to</strong> the Chief Justice,<br />
b) if he/she atta<strong>in</strong>s the age of sixty-five years.<br />
c) if the Legislature-Parliament passes a resolution of impeachment,<br />
d) if he/she dies.<br />
(2) A motion for impeachment may be presented before the Legislature-<br />
Parliament aga<strong>in</strong>st the Chief Justice or any other Judge on the ground that<br />
he/she is unable <strong>to</strong> perform their duties for reasons of <strong>in</strong>competence,<br />
misbehaviour, failure <strong>to</strong> discharge the duties of their office <strong>in</strong> good faith, physical<br />
or mental condition, and if a two-thirds majority of the <strong>to</strong>tal exist<strong>in</strong>g number of<br />
its members passes the resolution, he/she shall ipso fac<strong>to</strong> cease <strong>to</strong> hold office.<br />
Provided that, the Chief Justice or Judge so charged shall not be deprived<br />
of the opportunity <strong>to</strong> defend him/herself.<br />
(3) The Chief Justice or the Judge, aga<strong>in</strong>st whom impeachment proceed<strong>in</strong>gs<br />
have been <strong>in</strong>itiated pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (2), shall not perform the duties of his/her<br />
office until the proceed<strong>in</strong>gs are completed.<br />
106. Chief Justice or Judges not <strong>to</strong> be engaged <strong>in</strong> any other assignment<br />
(1) The Chief Justice or Judges of the Supreme Court shall not be engaged <strong>in</strong> or<br />
deputed <strong>to</strong> any other assignment except that of a Judge.<br />
162<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: <strong>to</strong> the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters.
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-@_ o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] k|wfg GofofwLz tyf<br />
GofofwLzsf] kfl/>lds, labf, eQf, lgj[lQe/0f / ;]jfsf cGo zt{x¿ sfg"gåf/f Jojl:yt<br />
x'g]5g\ .<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg dxfleof]uåf/f kbd'Qm ePsf] ;jf]{Rr<br />
cbfntsf] k|wfg GofofwLz tyf GofofwLzn] pkbfg jf lgj[lQe/0f kfpg] 5}g .<br />
-$_ ;jf] {Rr cbfntsf] k|wfg GofofwLz jf GofofwLznfO{ dsf{ kg] { u/L lghsf] kfl/>lds, ;'ljwf<br />
jf ;]jfsf cGo zt{ ablng] 5}g .<br />
!)%= k|wfg GofofwLz tyf ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz kb d'Qm x'g]M<br />
-!_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf k|wfg GofofwLz jf ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] cGo s'g} GofofwLz cfˆgf] kbaf6<br />
d'Qm ePsf] dflgg]5M–<br />
-s_ k|wfg GofofwLzn] */fi6«klt ;dIf / GofofwLzn] k|wfg GofofwLz ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf<br />
lbPdf,<br />
-v_ lghsf] k}+;L jif{sf] pd]/ k"/f ePdf,<br />
-u_ Joj:yflksf–;+;baf6 dxfleof]u k|:tfj kfl/t ePdf,<br />
-3_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .<br />
-@_ k|wfg GofofwLz jf cGo s'g} GofofwLz sfo{Ifdtfsf] cefj, v/fa cfr/0f, OdfGbf/Lk"j{s<br />
cfˆgf] kbLo st{Josf] kfng gu/]sf], zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s sf/0fn] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ c;dy{<br />
ePsf] eGg] cfwf/df Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf dxfleof]u k|:tfj k|:t't ug{ ;lsg]5 / ;f] k|:tfj<br />
tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dtaf6 kfl/t ePdf lgh :jtM kbd'Qm<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
t/ To:tf] cf/f]k nfu]sf] k|wfg GofofwLz jf GofofwLznfO{ ;kmfO k]z ug]{ df}sfaf6<br />
jlGrt ul/g] 5}g .<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd dxfleof]usf] sf/afxL k|f/De ePkl5 ;f] sf/afO{sf] 6'Ëf] gnfu];Dd<br />
cf/f]k nfu]sf] k|wfg GofofwLz jf GofofwLzn] cfˆgf] kbsf] sfo{ ug]{ 5}g .<br />
!)^= k|wfg GofofwLz tyf GofofwLznfO{ cGo s'g} kbdf sfddf nufpg gx'g]M<br />
-!_ ;jf] {Rr cbfntsf] k|wfg GofofwLz jf GofofwLznfO{ GofofwLzsf] kbdf afx]s cGo s'g} kbdf<br />
sfddf nufOg] jf sfhdf v6fOg] 5}g .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM dlGqkl/ifb\ ;dIf<br />
163
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Provided that the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> may, <strong>in</strong> consultation with the<br />
Judicial Council, assign the Chief Justice or a Judge of the Supreme Court <strong>to</strong><br />
work concern<strong>in</strong>g judicial <strong>in</strong>quiry or <strong>to</strong> legal or judicial <strong>in</strong>vestigation or research,<br />
for a specified period or <strong>to</strong> any other assignment of national importance.<br />
(2) Any person who has once held the office of Chief Justice or Judge of the<br />
Supreme Court shall not be eligible for appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>in</strong> any Government Service,<br />
except for the post as provided by sub-clause (a) of clause (1) of Article 131, nor<br />
shall he/she be entitled <strong>to</strong> practice law before any court.<br />
107. Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court<br />
(1) Any <strong>Nepal</strong>i citizen may file a petition <strong>in</strong> the Supreme Court <strong>to</strong> have any law<br />
or any part thereof declared void on the ground of <strong>in</strong>consistency with this<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong> because it imposes an unreasonable restriction on the enjoyment<br />
of the fundamental rights conferred by this <strong>Constitution</strong> or on any other ground,<br />
and extra-ord<strong>in</strong>ary power shall rest with the Supreme Court <strong>to</strong> declare that<br />
law void either ab <strong>in</strong>itio or from the date of its decision if it appears that the law<br />
<strong>in</strong> question is <strong>in</strong>consistent with the <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
(2) The Supreme Court shall, for the enforcement of the fundamental rights<br />
conferred by this <strong>Constitution</strong>, for the enforcement of any other legal right for<br />
which no other remedy has been provided or for which the remedy even though<br />
provided appears <strong>to</strong> be <strong>in</strong>adequate or <strong>in</strong>effective, or for the settlement of any<br />
constitutional or legal question <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> any dispute of public <strong>in</strong>terest or<br />
concern, have the extraord<strong>in</strong>ary power <strong>to</strong> issue necessary and appropriate<br />
orders <strong>to</strong> enforce such rights or settle the dispute. For these purposes, the<br />
Supreme Court may, with a view <strong>to</strong> impart<strong>in</strong>g full justice and provid<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
appropriate remedy, issue appropriate orders and writs <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g the writs of<br />
habeas corpus, mandamus, certiorari, prohibition and quo warran<strong>to</strong>.<br />
Provided that, except on the ground of absence of jurisdiction, the<br />
Supreme Court shall not, under this clause, <strong>in</strong>terfere with the proceed<strong>in</strong>gs and<br />
decisions of the Legislature-Parliament concern<strong>in</strong>g violation of its privileges<br />
and any penalties imposed therefor.<br />
(3) The Supreme Court shall have jurisdiction <strong>to</strong> hear orig<strong>in</strong>al and appellate<br />
cases, <strong>to</strong> exam<strong>in</strong>e decisions referred for confirmation [Sadhak janchne], review<br />
cases and hear petitions as def<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
164<br />
(4) The Supreme Court may review its own judgments or f<strong>in</strong>al orders subject <strong>to</strong><br />
the conditions and <strong>in</strong> the circumstances prescribed by law. Such a review shall<br />
be carried out by judges other than those who were <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> mak<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
decision that is the subject of review.
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
t/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] Gofo kl/ifb\;F+u k/fdz{ lnO{ ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] k|wfg GofofwLz jf<br />
GofofwLznfO{ Goflos hfFra'emsf] sfddf jf s]xL vf; cjlwsf] nflu sfg"g jf Gofo ;DaGwL<br />
cg';Gwfg, cGj]if0f jf /fli6«o ;/f]sf/sf] cGo s'g} sfddf v6fpg ;Sg]5 .<br />
-@_ ;jf] {Rr cbfntsf] k|wfg GofofwLz jf GofofwLz eO;s]sf] JolQm wf/f !#! sf] pkwf/f -!_ sf]<br />
v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] kbdf afx]s s'g} klg ;/sf/L kbdf lgo'lQmsf] nflu u|fXo x'g] 5}g / lghn]<br />
s'g} klg c8\8f cbfntdf pkl:yt eO{ ax; k}/jL ug{ kfpg] 5}g .<br />
!)&= ;jf] {Rr cbfntsf] clwsf/ If]qM<br />
-!_ o; ;+ljwfgåf/f k|bQ df}lns xs pk/ cg'lrt aGb]h nufOPsf]n] jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] s'g}<br />
sfg"g of] ;+ljwfg;Fu aflemPsf] x' Fbf ;f] sfg"g jf To;sf] s'g} efu ab/ 3f]lift u/L kfpF egL s'g}<br />
klg g]kfnL gful/sn] ;jf] {Rr cbfntdf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 / ;f] cg';f/ s'g} sfg"g ;+ljwfg;Fu<br />
aflemPsf] b]lvPdf ;f] sfg"gnfO{ k|f/Deb]lv g} jf lg0f{o ePsf] ldltb]lv cdfGo / ab/ 3f]lift<br />
ug]{ c;fwf/0f clwsf/ ;jf]{Rr cbfntnfO{ x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ o; ;+ljwfgåf/f k|bQ df}lns xssf] k|rngsf] nflu jf csf]{ pkrf/sf] Joj:yf gePsf] jf<br />
csf] { pkrf/sf] Joj:yf eP klg ;f] pkrf/ ckof{Kt jf k|efjxLg b]lvPsf] cGo s'g} sfg"gL<br />
xssf] k|rngsf] nflu jf ;fj{hlgs xs jf ;/f]sf/sf] s'g} ljjfbdf ;dfj]z ePsf] s'g}<br />
;+j}wflgs jf sfg"gL k|Zgsf] lg¿k0fsf] nflu cfjZos / pko'Qm cfb]z hf/L u/L To:tf] xssf]<br />
k|rng u/fpg] jf ljjfb 6'Ëf] nufpg] c;fwf/0f clwsf/ ;jf] {Rr cbfntnfO{ x'g]5 . ;f] k|of]hgsf]<br />
nflu k"0f{ ¿kdf Gofo u/L plrt pkrf/ k|bfg ug{ ;jf] {Rr cbfntn] aGbLk|ToIfLs/0f, k/dfb]z,<br />
pTk|]if0f, k|ltif]w, clwsf/k[R5f nufot h'g;'s} pko'Qm cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
t/ clwsf/ If]qsf] cefj ePsf]df afx]s Joj:yflksf–;+;bn] rnfPsf] ljz]ifflwsf/sf]<br />
sf/afxL / tT;DaGwdf tf]s]sf] ;hfodf o; pkwf/f cGtu{t ;jf] {Rr cbfntn] x:tIf]k ug] { 5}g .<br />
-#_ ;jf] {Rr cbfntnfO{ sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd z'? d'2f x]g] {, k'g/fj]bg ;'Gg], ;fws hfFRg],<br />
d'2f bf]x¥ofpg] jf lgj]bg ;'Gg] clwsf/ x'g]5 .<br />
-$_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] sfg"gåf/f tf]lsPsf cj:yf / zt{df cfkm\gf] km};nf jf clGtd cfb]zsf]<br />
k'g/fjnf]sg ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L k'g/fjnf]sg ubf{ klxnf km};nf ubf{sf GofofwLz afx]s cGo<br />
GofofwLzn] ug] {5g\ .<br />
165
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(5) Other powers and procedures of the Supreme Court shall be as prescribed<br />
by law.<br />
108. Establishment, management and jurisdiction of Appellate Courts and<br />
District Courts<br />
The establishment and operation of the Appellate Courts, District Courts and<br />
other courts and judicial entities subord<strong>in</strong>ate <strong>to</strong> the Supreme Court shall,<br />
subject <strong>to</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong>, be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
109. Appo<strong>in</strong>tment, qualifications and conditions of service and privileges<br />
of the Judges of Appellate Courts and Districts Courts<br />
(1) The Chief Justice shall, on the recommendation of the Judicial Council,<br />
appo<strong>in</strong>t the Chief Judge and Judges of the Appellate Courts and Judges of the<br />
District Courts.<br />
(2) Any <strong>Nepal</strong>i citizen who has a Bachelor's Degree <strong>in</strong> law and has worked as<br />
a District Judge or worked <strong>in</strong> any post of gazetted first class officer of the Judicial<br />
Service for a period of at least seven years; or has a Bachelors Degree <strong>in</strong> law and<br />
has practiced as a senior advocate or advocate for at least ten years; or, for at<br />
least 10 years, has either taught law or conducted research thereon or worked<br />
<strong>in</strong> any other field of law or justice shall be considered eligible for appo<strong>in</strong>tment<br />
as Chief Judge or other Judge of an Appellate Court.<br />
(3) Any <strong>Nepal</strong>i citizen who has a Bachelor's Degree <strong>in</strong> law and has worked for<br />
at least three years as a gazetted second class officer <strong>in</strong> the Judicial Service, or<br />
has practiced law for at least eight years as an advocate after hav<strong>in</strong>g obta<strong>in</strong>ed<br />
a Bachelor's Degree <strong>in</strong> law, is eligible for appo<strong>in</strong>tment as a District Judge.<br />
(4) A person who is an advocate with a Bachelor's Degree <strong>in</strong> law and has<br />
passed the written and oral exam<strong>in</strong>ation conducted by the Judicial Council<br />
may be appo<strong>in</strong>ted <strong>to</strong> the post of the District Judge pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (3). Such<br />
exam<strong>in</strong>ation system and procedures shall be prescribed by law.<br />
(5) For the appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>to</strong> the post of judge of the Appellate Court and the<br />
District Court the Judicial Council shall consider, <strong>in</strong>ter alia, the qualifications,<br />
capacity, experience, dedication and contribution <strong>to</strong> justice, reputation earned<br />
<strong>in</strong> public life and high moral character of a person and make recommendations<br />
accord<strong>in</strong>gly.<br />
166
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-%_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] cGo clwsf/ tyf sfo{ljlw sfg"gåf/f tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
!)*= k'g/fj]bg cbfnt tyf lhNnf cbfntsf] :yfkgf, Joj:yf / clwsf/ If]qM<br />
o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, lhNnf cbfnt tyf ;jf]{Rr cbfnt dftxtsf<br />
cGo cbfnt tyf Goflos lgsfox¿sf] :yfkgf / Joj:yf sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .<br />
!)(= k'g/fj]bg cbfnt / lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] lgo'lQm, of]Uotf / ;]jfsf zt{<br />
tyf ;'ljwfx¿M<br />
-!_ k|wfg GofofwLzn] Gofo kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] d'Vo GofofwLz / GofofwLz<br />
tyf lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] lgo'lQm ug{]5 .<br />
-@_ sfg"gdf :gftsf]kflw k|fKt u/L lhNnf GofofwLz jf Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkqflÍt k|yd >]0fLsf]<br />
kbdf sDtLdf ;ft jif{ sfd u/]sf] jf sfg"gdf :gfts jl/i7 clwjQmf jf clwjQmfsf] ¿kdf<br />
sDtLdf bz jif{ jsfnt u/]sf] jf sDtLdf bz jif{ sfg"gsf] cWofkg, cGj]if0f jf sfg"g jf Gofo<br />
;DaGwL cGo s'g} If]qdf sfd u/]sf] g]kfnL gful/s k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] d'Vo GofofwLz jf<br />
GofofwLzsf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf] nflu of]Uo dflgg]5 .<br />
-#_ sfg"gdf :gftsf]kflw k|fKt u/L Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkqflÍt låtLo >]0fLsf] kbdf sDtLdf tLg<br />
jif{ sfd u/]sf] jf sfg"gdf :gfts clwjQmfsf] ¿kdf sDtLdf cf7 jif{ jsfnt u/]sf] g]kfnL<br />
gful/s lhNnf GofofwLzsf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf] nflu of]Uo dflgg]5 .<br />
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd sfg"gdf :gfts clwjQmfnfO{ lhNnf GofofwLzdf lgo'lQm ubf{ Gofo<br />
kl/ifb\af6 lnOg] lnlvt / df}lvs k/LIffaf6 pQL0f{ ePsf JolQmnfO{ lgo'lQm ul/g]5 . To:tf]<br />
k/LIff k|0ffnL / cGo sfo{ljlw sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
-%_ Gofo kl/ifb\n] o; wf/f adf]lhd of]Uo ePsf] JolQmnfO{ of]Uotf, Ifdtf, cg'ej, Gofo k|ltsf]<br />
lgi7f / of]ubfg, ;fj{hlgs hLjgdf cfh{g u/]sf] VoftL, pRr g}lts rl/q ;d]tnfO{ ljrf/ u/L<br />
k'g/fj]bg cbfnt tyf lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ug{]5 .<br />
167
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(6) Unless the subject or context otherwise requires, the word "Judge" as<br />
mentioned <strong>in</strong> this Article and ensu<strong>in</strong>g Articles shall mean and <strong>in</strong>clude an<br />
Additional Judge.<br />
(7) The remuneration, allowances, pension, leave, gratuity and privileges and<br />
other conditions of service of the Chief Judge and other Judges of the Appellate<br />
Courts and the Judges of the District Court shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
(8) The remuneration, privileges and conditions of service of the Chief Judge,<br />
other Judges of the Appellate Courts and the Judges of the District Courts shall<br />
not be altered <strong>to</strong> their disadvantage.<br />
(9) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> clause (7), a Judge of an Appellate<br />
Court or of a District Court who is removed from his/her office pursuant <strong>to</strong><br />
Sub-clause (c) of clause (10) shall not be entitled <strong>to</strong> any gratuities or pension.<br />
(10) A Judge of an Appellate Court or District Court shall cease <strong>to</strong> hold office <strong>in</strong><br />
the follow<strong>in</strong>g circumstances<br />
a) if he/she submits written resignation <strong>to</strong> the Chief Justice,<br />
b) if he/she atta<strong>in</strong>s the age of sixty three years,<br />
c) if he/she is removed by the Chief Justice <strong>in</strong> accordance with a decision<br />
of the Judicial Council for reasons of <strong>in</strong>competence, misbehaviour or<br />
failure <strong>to</strong> discharge the duties of his/her office <strong>in</strong> good faith, <strong>in</strong>capacity<br />
<strong>to</strong> discharge those duties due <strong>to</strong> physical or mental reasons or for<br />
deviation from the task of dispens<strong>in</strong>g justice.<br />
A Judge of the Appellate Court or District Court who is fac<strong>in</strong>g a charge<br />
under this sub-clause shall be given a reasonable opportunity <strong>to</strong> defend<br />
himself/herself; and for this purpose, the Judicial Council may constitute a<br />
"Committee of Inquiry" for record<strong>in</strong>g the statement of the Judge, collect<strong>in</strong>g<br />
evidence and submitt<strong>in</strong>g its f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs thereon. The work<strong>in</strong>g procedure of<br />
the Committee shall be as regulated by law.<br />
d) if he/she dies.<br />
(11) A Judge of an Appellate Court or District Court aga<strong>in</strong>st whom proceed<strong>in</strong>gs<br />
have been <strong>in</strong>itiated pursuant <strong>to</strong> sub-clause (c) of clause (10) shall not perform<br />
the duties of his/her office until the proceed<strong>in</strong>gs have been completed.<br />
168
{<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-^_ of] wf/f jf o; kl5sf cGo wf/fx¿df k|of]u ePsf] GofofwLz eGg] zAbn] ljifo jf k|;Ëaf6<br />
csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df cltl/Qm GofofwLz ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 .<br />
-&_ k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] d'Vo GofofwLz, GofofwLz tyf lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] kfl/>lds,<br />
eQf, lgj[lQe/0f, labf, pkbfg / ;]jfsf cGo ;'ljwf / ;]jfsf cGo zt{x¿ sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f<br />
eP adf]lhd x'g]5g\ .<br />
-*_ k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] d'Vo GofofwLz / GofofwLz tyf lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLznfO{ dsf{<br />
kg]{ u/L lghsf] kfl/>lds, ;'ljwf / ;]jfsf zt{ ablng] 5|}g .<br />
-(_ pkwf/f -&_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg pkwf/f -!)_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhd kbd'Qm<br />
ePsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt tyf lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLzn] pkbfg tyf lgj[lQe/0f kfpg] 5}g .<br />
-!)_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf k'g/fj]bg cbfnt jf lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLz cfˆgf] kbaf6 d'Qm<br />
ePsf] dflgg]5M–<br />
-s_ lghn] k|wfg GofofwLz ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,<br />
-v_ lghsf] lq;L jif{sf] pd]/ k"/f ePdf,<br />
-u_ sfo{Ifdtfsf] cefj, v/fa cfr/0f, OdfGbf/Lk"j{s cfˆgf] kbLo st{Josf] kfng gu/]sf],<br />
zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s sf/0fn] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ c;dy{ ePsf], Gofodf ljrlnt ePsf]<br />
eGg] cfwf/df kbd'Qm ug]{ egL Gofo kl/ifb\sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd k|wfg GofofwLzaf6<br />
kbd'Qm ePdf,<br />
o; v08 adf]lhd cf/f]k nfu]sf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt tyf lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLznfO{<br />
cfˆgf] ;kmfO{ k]z ug{ dgfl;j df}sf lbOg]5 / ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu lgh;Fu aofg lng, k|df0f<br />
;Íng ug{ / /fo ;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ Gofo kl/ifb\n] hfFra'em ;ldlt u7g ug{<br />
;Sg]5 . ;f] ;ldltsf] sfo{ljlw sfg"gåf/f lgwf{l/t x'g]5 .<br />
-3_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .<br />
-!!_ pkwf/f -!)_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhd sf/afxL k|f/De ePkl5 ;f] sf/afxLsf] 6'Ëf] gnfu];Dd<br />
cf/f]k nfu]sf] To:tf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt tyf lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLzn] cfˆgf] kbsf] sfo{ ug]<br />
5}g .<br />
169
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
110. Judges of the Appellate Court and District Court not <strong>to</strong> be transferred<br />
<strong>to</strong>, or engaged <strong>in</strong> any other assignment<br />
(1) A judge shall not be transferred <strong>to</strong>, engaged <strong>in</strong> or deputed <strong>to</strong> any assignment<br />
except that of a Judge.<br />
Provided that the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> may, <strong>in</strong> consultation with the<br />
Judicial Council, assign a Judge of the Appellate Court and the District Court<br />
for a specified period <strong>to</strong> work concern<strong>in</strong>g judicial <strong>in</strong>quiry, or <strong>to</strong> any legal or<br />
judicial <strong>in</strong>vestigation or research, or <strong>to</strong> any other work of national concern.<br />
With regard <strong>to</strong> the Judges of the Appellate Courts or District Courts, the Chief<br />
Justice, <strong>in</strong> consultation with the Judicial Council, may assign them <strong>to</strong> the<br />
above mentioned work, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g work relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> elections.<br />
(2) The Chief Justice may transfer the Judges of the Appellate Courts or District<br />
Courts from one court <strong>to</strong> another on the recommendation of the Judicial Council.<br />
(3) The Chief Justice may assign a judge of any Court for a specified period of<br />
time as a judge of another court of similar level tak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> consideration the<br />
number and subject matter of the cases <strong>to</strong> be decided.<br />
(4) The Supreme Court may, as provided for <strong>in</strong> the law, authorize a judge who<br />
is designated as a judge <strong>in</strong> a geographical region <strong>to</strong> issue prelim<strong>in</strong>ary or <strong>in</strong>terim<br />
orders through electronic or other media, <strong>in</strong> the course of deal<strong>in</strong>g with cases,<br />
<strong>to</strong> another nearby court of the same level tak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> consideration the<br />
geographical situation.<br />
111. Transfer of cases<br />
If the Supreme Court is satisfied that the dispensation of justice <strong>in</strong> a case registered<br />
<strong>in</strong> a particular court may be adversely affected if it is heard by that court, the<br />
Supreme Court may order another court of the same level <strong>to</strong> hear the case.<br />
112. Responsibility of the Chief Justice<br />
The Chief Justice shall have the ultimate responsibility <strong>to</strong> make the<br />
adm<strong>in</strong>istration of justice effective, and for this purpose he/she may, subject <strong>to</strong><br />
this <strong>Constitution</strong> and other laws, give necessary <strong>in</strong>structions <strong>to</strong> the Supreme<br />
Court and other subord<strong>in</strong>ate courts.<br />
170
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
!!)= k'g/fj]bg cbfnt tyf lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLznfO{ cGo s'g} kbdf ;?jf ug{ jf<br />
sfddf nufpg gx'g]M<br />
-!_ s'g} GofofwLznfO{ GofofwLzsf] kbdf afx]s cGo s'g} kbdf ;?jf ul/g], sfd nufOg] jf<br />
sfhdf v6fOg] 5}g .<br />
t/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] Gofo kl/ifb\;Fu k/fdz{ lnO{ k'g/fj]bg tyf lhNnf cbfntsf]<br />
GofofwLznfO{ Goflos hfFra'emsf] sfddf jf s]xL vf; cjlwsf] nflu sfg"g jf Gofo ;DaGwL<br />
cg';Gwfg, cGj]if0f jf /fli6«o ;/f]sf/sf] cGo s'g} sfddf v6fpg ;Sg]5 . k'g/fj]bg cbfnt jf<br />
lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] xsdf k|wfg GofofwLzn] Gofo kl/ifb\;Fu k/fdz{ u/L plNnlvt<br />
sfd / lgjf{rg h:tf sfddf nufpg ;Sg]5 .<br />
-@_ Gofo kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df k|wfg GofofwLzn] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt tyf lhNnf cbfntsf]<br />
GofofwLznfO{ Ps cbfntaf6 csf]{ cbfntsf] GofofwLzdf ;?jf ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
-#_ d'2fsf] ;ª\Vof / Goflos lg¿k0f ul/g' kg]{ ljjfbsf] ljifo ;d]tsf] cfwf/df s'g} cbfntsf]<br />
GofofwLznfO{ s]xL ;dosf] nflu ;dfg txsf] cGo cbfntdf GofofwLz eO{ sfd sfh ug{ k|wfg<br />
GofofwLzn] k7fpg ;Sg]5 .<br />
-$_ s'g} If]qdf /x]sf GofofwLznfO{ ef}uf]lns b[li6n] glhssf] If]qsf] ;dfg txsf] cGo cbfntdf<br />
/x]sf] d'2fsf] sf/afxLsf] qmddf sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd ljB'tLo pks/0fsf] dfWodaf6 jf<br />
cGo dfWodaf6 k|f/lDes tyf cGtl/d cfb]z lbg] clwsf/ ;jf] {Rr cbfntn] k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
!!!= d'2f ;fg{ ;Sg]M<br />
s'g} cbfntdf bfo/ ePsf] d'2f ;f] cbfntaf6 ;'g'jfO{ x'Fbf Gofo k|efljt x'g] cj:yf 5 eGg]<br />
sf/0f;Fu ;jf]{Rr cbfnt ;Gt'i6 ePdf To:tf] d'2f ;dfg txsf] cGo cbfntaf6 ;'g'jfO{ ug{<br />
;jf]{Rr cbfntn] cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .<br />
!!@= k|wfg GofofwLzsf] lhDd]jf/LM<br />
d'n'ssf] Gofo k|zf;gnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg] clGtd lhDd]jf/L k|wfg GofofwLzsf] x'g]5 / ;f]<br />
k|of]hgsf] nflu lghn] o; ;+ljwfg tyf cGo sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL ;jf{]Rr cbfnt tyf<br />
dftxtsf cbfntnfO{ cfjZos lgb{]zg lbg ;Sg]5 .<br />
171
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
113. Judicial Council<br />
(1) There shall be a Judicial Council <strong>to</strong> make recommendations and give advice<br />
<strong>in</strong> accordance with this <strong>Constitution</strong> concern<strong>in</strong>g the appo<strong>in</strong>tment of, transfer of,<br />
discipl<strong>in</strong>ary action aga<strong>in</strong>st, and dismissal of Judges, and other matters relat<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>to</strong> judicial adm<strong>in</strong>istration, which shall consist of the follow<strong>in</strong>g as its Chairperson<br />
and members:-<br />
a) The Chief Justice – Chairperson<br />
b) The M<strong>in</strong>ister of Justice – Member<br />
c) Senior-most Judge of the Supreme Court – Member<br />
#<br />
(d) A legal expert nom<strong>in</strong>ated by the President on the<br />
recommendation of the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
e) A senior advocate, or an advocate<br />
who has at least twenty years experience<br />
<strong>to</strong> be appo<strong>in</strong>ted by the Chief Justice on the<br />
recommendation of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Bar Association<br />
- Member<br />
– Member<br />
Explanation: For the purpose of this article, the word "M<strong>in</strong>ister" shall also<br />
<strong>in</strong>clude a M<strong>in</strong>ister of State for Justice with an <strong>in</strong>dependent portfolio<br />
(2) The term of office of the members referred <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong> sub-clauses (c) and (d) of clause<br />
(1), shall be four years and their remuneration and privileges shall be the same as<br />
those of a Judge of the Supreme Court.<br />
(3) The members referred <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong> sub-clause (c) and (d) of clause (1) above, may be<br />
removed from office on the same grounds and <strong>in</strong> the same manner as provided<br />
for the removal of a Judge of the Supreme Court.<br />
(4) The Chairperson and members of the Judicial Council may obta<strong>in</strong> and study<br />
the documents and files of a case related <strong>to</strong> any compla<strong>in</strong>t lodged aga<strong>in</strong>st a<br />
judge, and may furnish <strong>in</strong>formation thereon <strong>to</strong> the Judicial Council.<br />
(5) The Judicial Council may, while carry<strong>in</strong>g out prelim<strong>in</strong>ary <strong>in</strong>vestigation of a<br />
compla<strong>in</strong>t received aga<strong>in</strong>st a judge, constitute a Committee of Inquiry, if it has<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ed that a detailed <strong>in</strong>vestigation by an expert is required.<br />
(6) The other functions, duties and powers of the Judicial Council shall be as<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
172<br />
#<br />
Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: d) A person <strong>to</strong> be nom<strong>in</strong>ated by the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister from among jurists – Member
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
!!#= Gofo kl/ifb\M<br />
-!_ o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd GofofwLzx¿sf] lgo'lQm, ;?jf, cg'zf;g ;DaGwL sf/afxL, avf{;L /<br />
Gofo k|zf;g ;DaGwL cGo s'/fx¿sf] l;kmfl/; ug{ jf k/fdz{ lbg Pp6f Gofo kl/ifb\ /xg]5<br />
h;df b]xfo adf]lhd cWoIf / ;b:ox¿ x'g]5g\M–<br />
-s_ k|wfg GofofwLz<br />
– cWoIf<br />
-v_ Gofo dGqL<br />
– ;b:o<br />
-u_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf jl/i7td GofofwLz Pshgf – ;b:o<br />
# -3_ /fi6«kltn] k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df<br />
dgf]gLt u/]sf] Ps hgf sfg'gljb\ –<br />
– ;b:o<br />
-ª_ g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;Pzgsf] l;kmfl/;df k|wfg<br />
GofofwLzåf/f lgo'Qm jl/i7 clwjQmf jf sDtLdf<br />
aL; jif{sf] cg'ej k|fKt clwjQmf<br />
– ;b:o<br />
:ki6Ls/0fM o; efusf] k|of]hgsf nflu ædGqLÆ eGgfn] :jtGq sfo{ef/ ePsf] /fHo dGqL<br />
;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ sf] v08 -3_ / -ª_ adf]lhdsf] ;b:osf] kbfjlw rf/ jif{sf] x'g]5 / lghsf]<br />
kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] ;/x x'g]5 .<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ sf] v08 -3_ / -ª_ adf]lhdsf] ;b:onfO{ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz ;/x<br />
;dfg cfwf/df / ;dfg tl/sfn] ;f] kbaf6 x6fpg ;lsg]5 .<br />
-$_ Gofo kl/ifb\sf] cWoIf nufotsf ;b:on] s'g} GofofwLzsf] ;DaGwdf kg{ cfPsf] ph'/L;Fu<br />
;Da4 d'2fsf sfuhft tyf kmfon dufO{ cWoog u/L Gofo kl/ifb\df To;sf] hfgsf/L lbg<br />
;Sg]5 .<br />
-%_ s'g} GofofwLzsf] ljifodf kg{ cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf k|f/lDes 5fglag u/fpFbf ljz]if1af6<br />
lj:t[t 5fglag ug'{ kg{] b]lvPdf Gofo kl/ifb\n] hfFra'em ;ldlt u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
-^_ Gofo kl/ifb\sf] cGo sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM -3_ sfg"gljb\ dWo] k|wfgdGqLaf6<br />
dgf]gLt Pshgf – ;b:o<br />
173
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
114. Judicial Service Commission<br />
(1) In appo<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g, transferr<strong>in</strong>g or promot<strong>in</strong>g gazetted officers of the Judicial<br />
Service or <strong>in</strong> tak<strong>in</strong>g departmental action concern<strong>in</strong>g such officers <strong>in</strong> accordance<br />
with law, the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall act on the recommendation of the<br />
Judicial Service Commission.<br />
Provided that, for the purpose of permanent recruitment <strong>to</strong> gazetted posts<br />
of the Judicial Service from persons who are not already <strong>in</strong> the Government<br />
Service or from persons be<strong>in</strong>g promoted from non-gazetted <strong>to</strong> gazetted posts<br />
with<strong>in</strong> the Judicial Service, the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall act on the<br />
recommendation of the Public Service Commission.<br />
(2) The Judicial Service Commission shall consist of the follow<strong>in</strong>g as its<br />
Chairperson and members<br />
(a) The Chief Justice<br />
- Chairperson<br />
(b) The M<strong>in</strong>ister of Justice<br />
- Member<br />
(c) The Senior-most Judge of the Supreme Court - Member<br />
(d) The Chairperson of the Public Service Commission - Member<br />
(e) The At<strong>to</strong>rney General<br />
- Member<br />
(3) Other functions, duties, powers and procedures of the Judicial Service<br />
Commission shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
115. Duty <strong>to</strong> extend cooperation <strong>to</strong> the courts<br />
It shall be the duty of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> and the offices and officials<br />
subord<strong>in</strong>ate <strong>to</strong> the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> <strong>to</strong> act <strong>in</strong> aid of the Supreme Court and<br />
other courts <strong>in</strong> carry<strong>in</strong>g out the functions of dispens<strong>in</strong>g justice.<br />
116. Orders and decisions of courts <strong>to</strong> be b<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g<br />
(1) All shall abide by the orders and decisions made <strong>in</strong> the course of the hear<strong>in</strong>g<br />
of a suit by courts.<br />
(2) Any <strong>in</strong>terpretation given <strong>to</strong> a law or any legal pr<strong>in</strong>ciple laid down by the<br />
Supreme Court <strong>in</strong> the course of the hear<strong>in</strong>g of a suit shall be b<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g on the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> and all offices and courts.<br />
174
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
!!$= Gofo ;]jf cfof]uM<br />
-!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] sfg"g adf]lhd Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkqflÍt kbdf lgo'lQm, ;?jf, a9'jf ubf{ jf<br />
To:tf] kbdf axfn /x]sf] s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ ljefuLo ;hfo ubf{ Gofo ;]jf cfof]usf] l;kmfl/;<br />
adf]lhd ug]{5 .<br />
t/ ;/sf/L ;]jfdf axfn g/x]sf] JolQmnfO{ Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkqflÍt kbdf gofF egf{åf/f<br />
:yfoL lgo'lQm ubf{ jf Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkq cglÍt kbaf6 Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkqflÍt kbdf a9'jf<br />
ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] l;kmfl/; adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .<br />
-@_ Gofo ;]jf cfof]udf b]xfo adf]lhdsf cWoIf / ;b:ox¿ x'g]5g\ M–<br />
-s_ k|wfg GofofwLz<br />
– cWoIf<br />
-v_ Gofo dGqL<br />
– ;b:o<br />
-u_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] jl/i7td GofofwLz – ;b:o<br />
-3_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIf – ;b:o<br />
-ª_ dxfGofoflwjQmf<br />
– ;b:o<br />
-#_ Gofo ;]jf cfof]usf] cGo sfd, st{Jo, clwsf/ / sfo{ljlw sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
!!%= cbfntnfO{ ;xof]u ug' { kg] {M<br />
Gofo ;Dkfbgsf] sfo{df ;jf]{Rr cbfnt / cGo cbfntx¿nfO{ ;xof]u ug'{ g]kfn ;/sf/ /<br />
dftxtsf ;a} sfof{no jf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] st{Jo x'g]5 .<br />
!!^= cbfntsf] cfb]z / lg0f{onfO{ dfGg' kg{ ]M<br />
-!_ d'2f dfldnfsf] /f]xdf cbfntn] lbPsf] cfb]z jf lg0f{osf] ;a}n] kfng ug'{ kg]{5 .<br />
-@_ d'2f dfldnfsf /f]xdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] u/]sf] sfg"gsf] JofVof jf k|ltkfbg u/]sf] sfg"gL<br />
l;4fGt g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf ;a} c8\8f cbfntx¿n] dfGg' kg]{5 .<br />
175
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
117. Annual report<br />
(1) Each year, the Supreme Court shall submit its annual report *<strong>to</strong> the President,<br />
and **the President through the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister shall make arrangements <strong>to</strong><br />
place such reports before the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(2) The annual report <strong>to</strong> be submitted pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1) shall conta<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>ter alia<br />
the follow<strong>in</strong>g particulars -<br />
(a) the number of cases registered <strong>in</strong> the Supreme Court and subord<strong>in</strong>ate courts,<br />
(b) the number of cases disposed of and pend<strong>in</strong>g out of the cases registered as<br />
stated <strong>in</strong> sub-clause (a), and the reason for the latter be<strong>in</strong>g pend<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
(c) details of new precedents set by the Supreme Court,<br />
(d) number of cases reviewed by the Supreme Court,<br />
(e) description of judicial comment made by the Supreme Court, if any, on the<br />
matter of competence regard<strong>in</strong>g the conduct of the judicial duty of any<br />
judge of a court subord<strong>in</strong>ate <strong>to</strong> it,<br />
(f) amount of f<strong>in</strong>es and penalties paid,<br />
(g) details regard<strong>in</strong>g the implementation of decisions,<br />
(h) the budget appropriated <strong>to</strong> the Supreme Court and subord<strong>in</strong>ate courts,<br />
and statement of expenditures.<br />
(3) While submitt<strong>in</strong>g the annual report pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1), the Supreme Court<br />
shall also <strong>in</strong>clude the details of the work performed by the Judicial Council and the<br />
Judicial Service Commission.<br />
118. Constituent Assembly Court<br />
(1) A Constituent Assembly Court shall be constituted <strong>to</strong> resolve compla<strong>in</strong>ts regard<strong>in</strong>g<br />
election <strong>to</strong> the Constituent Assembly.<br />
(2) The constitution, jurisdiction and other matters relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the Constituent<br />
Assembly Court established pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1) shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
(3) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed elsewhere <strong>in</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong>, unless a<br />
petition is filed <strong>in</strong> the court constituted pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1), <strong>in</strong> the manner prescribed<br />
by law, no question shall be raised <strong>in</strong> any court regard<strong>in</strong>g the election of a member <strong>to</strong><br />
the Constituent Assembly.<br />
176<br />
(4) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed elsewhere <strong>in</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong>, once the<br />
process of election <strong>to</strong> the Constituent Assembly has commenced, no question shall<br />
be raised <strong>in</strong> any court <strong>in</strong> such a way as <strong>to</strong> h<strong>in</strong>der the election.<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
**Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
!!&= jflif{s k|ltj]bgM<br />
-!_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] k|To]s jif{ cfˆgf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg */fi6«klt ;dIf k]z ug]{5 /<br />
**/fi6«kltn] k|wfgdGqL dfkm{t\ To:tf] k|ltj]bg Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;dIf k]z ug] { Joj:yf<br />
ug{]5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd k]z ul/g] jflif{s k|ltj]bgdf cGo s'/fx¿sf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf] ljj/0f<br />
v'nfpg' kg] {5M–<br />
-s_ ;jf{]Rr cbfnt / dftxtsf cbfntdf btf{ ePsf d'2fsf] ;ª\VofTds ljj/0f,<br />
-v_ v08 -s_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhd btf{ ePsf d'2f dWo] km5\of{ }6 ePsf / gePsf d'2fsf]<br />
;ª\Vof / km5\of{}6 x'g g;s]sf] sf/0f,<br />
-u_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 k|ltkfbg ePsf gofF ghL/x¿sf] ljj/0f,<br />
-3_ ;jf{]Rr cbfntaf6 k'g/fjnf]sg ePsf] d'2fsf] ;ª\Vof,<br />
-ª_ ;jf{]Rr cbfntn] dftxtsf cbfntsf] s'g} GofofwLzsf] Gofo ;Dkfbgsf] ;DaGwdf<br />
sfo{Ifdtf ;DaGwL ljifodf s'g} Goflos l6Kk0fL u/]sf] eP ;f]sf] ljj/0f,<br />
-r_ b08 jf hl/jfgf c;'n pk/ ePsf] /sdsf] ljj/0f,<br />
-5_ km};nf sfof{Gjog ;DaGwL ljj/0f,<br />
-h_ ;jf{]Rr cbfnt tyf dftxtsf cbfntnfO{ ljlgof]hg ePsf] ah]6 / vr{sf] ljj/0f .<br />
-#_ ;jf{]Rr cbfntn] pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bg k]z ubf{ Gofo kl/ifb\ / Gofo;]jf<br />
cfof]uaf6 ePsf sfd sf/afxLsf] ljj/0f ;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg{]5 .<br />
!!*= ;+ljwfg ;ef ;DaGwL cbfntM<br />
-!_ lgjf{rg ;DaGwL ph'/L x]g{ Ps ;+ljwfg ;ef cbfnt u7g ul/g]5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;+ljwfg ;ef cbfntsf] u7g, If]qflwsf/ / cGo ljifox¿ sfg"gåf/f<br />
lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
-#_ o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] cbfntdf<br />
sfg"gåf/f tf]lsP adf]lhd ph'/ gk/L ;+ljwfg ;ef ;b:osf nflu ePsf] s'g} lgjf{rg ;DaGwdf<br />
s'g} cbfntdf k|Zg p7fpg ;lsg] 5}g .<br />
-$_ o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg k|s[of k|f/De<br />
ePkl5 lgjf{rg cj?4 x'g] u/L s'g} cbfntdf k|Zg p7fpg ;lsg] 5}g .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqL k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqL k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
177
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 11<br />
COMMISSION FOR THE INVESTIGATION<br />
OF ABUSE OF AUTHORITY<br />
119. Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority<br />
(1) There shall be a Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>Nepal</strong> consist<strong>in</strong>g of a Chief Commissioner and as many other Commissioners<br />
as required. If additional Commissioners are appo<strong>in</strong>ted apart from the Chief<br />
Commissioner, the Chief Commissioner shall act as Chairperson of the<br />
Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority.<br />
(2) *The President shall, on the recommendation of the <strong>Constitution</strong>al Council,<br />
appo<strong>in</strong>t the Chief Commissioner and other Commissioners.<br />
(3) Subject <strong>to</strong> the proviso <strong>in</strong> sub-clause (a) of clause (7), the term of office of the<br />
Chief Commissioner and other Commissioners shall be six years from the date<br />
of appo<strong>in</strong>tment.<br />
Provided that,<br />
(a) If, before the expiry of his/her term, the Chief Commissioner or a<br />
Commissioner atta<strong>in</strong>s the age of sixty-five, he/she shall retire.<br />
(b) The Chief Commissioner or a Commissioner may be removed from<br />
his/her office on the same ground and <strong>in</strong> the same manner as has been<br />
set out for the removal of a Judge of the Supreme Court.<br />
(4) The office of the Chief Commissioner or a Commissioner shall be deemed<br />
vacant under the follow<strong>in</strong>g circumstances -<br />
(a) if he/she submits a written resignation **<strong>to</strong> the President,<br />
(b) if pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (3), his/her term expires or he/she is removed from<br />
his/her office,<br />
(c) if he/she dies.<br />
5) No person shall be eligible <strong>to</strong> be appo<strong>in</strong>ted as the Chief Commissioner or a<br />
Commissioner unless he/she -<br />
178<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: The Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
**Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu !!<br />
clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u<br />
!!(= clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]uM<br />
-!_ g]kfndf Ps clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u /xg]5 h;df k|d'v cfo'Qm / cfjZos<br />
;ª\Vofdf cGo cfo'Qmx¿ /xg]5g\ . k|d'v cfo'Qmsf cltl/Qm cGo cfo'Qm lgo'Qm ePdf k|d'v<br />
cfo'Qmn] clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] cWoIf eO{ sfd ug]{5 .<br />
-@_ */fi6«kltn]<br />
;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df k|d'v cfo'Qm / cGo cfo'Qmx¿sf] lgo'lQm ug{ ]5 .<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -&_ sf] k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+zsf] v08 -s_ sf] cwLgdf /xL k|d'v cfo'Qm / cGo<br />
cfo'Qmx¿sf] kbfjlw lgo'lQmsf] ldltn] 5 jif{sf] x'g]5 .<br />
t/,<br />
-s_ ;f] kbfjlw k"/f x'g' cufj} k|d'v cfo'Qm jf cfo'Qmsf] pd]/ k}+;L jif{ k"/f ePdf lgh<br />
cfˆgf] kbdf axfn /xg] 5}g .<br />
-v_ k|d'v cfo'Qm / cfo'QmnfO{ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz ;/x ;dfg cfwf/df / ;dfg<br />
tl/sfn] ;f] kbaf6 x6fpg ;lsg]5 .<br />
-$_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf k|d'v cfo'Qm jf cfo'Qmsf] kb l/Qm ePsf] dflgg]5 M–<br />
-s_ **/fi6«klt ;dIf lghn] lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,<br />
-v_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd lghsf] kbfjlw k"/f ePdf jf lgh cfˆgf] kbdf g/x]df,<br />
-u_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .<br />
-%_ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf geO{ s'g} JolQm k|d'v cfo'Qm jf cfo'Qmsf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf] nflu<br />
of]Uo x'g] 5}g M–<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqL ;dIf<br />
179
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(a) holds a Bachelor's Degree from a university recognized by the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>,<br />
(b) is not a member of any political party immediately before the<br />
appo<strong>in</strong>tment,<br />
(c) has at least twenty years experience <strong>in</strong> the field of account<strong>in</strong>g, revenue,<br />
eng<strong>in</strong>eer<strong>in</strong>g, law, development or research and is a dist<strong>in</strong>guished person<br />
(d) has atta<strong>in</strong>ed forty-five years of age, and<br />
(e possesses a high moral character.<br />
(6) The remuneration and other conditions of service of the Chief Commissioner<br />
and the Commissioners shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law. The remuneration and<br />
other conditions of service of the Chief Commissioner and the Commissioners<br />
shall not, so long as they hold office, be altered <strong>to</strong> their disadvantage.<br />
(7) A person once appo<strong>in</strong>ted as the Chief Commissioner or Commissioner shall<br />
not be eligible for appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>in</strong> other Government Service.<br />
Provided that,<br />
(a) Noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> this Clause shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> be a bar <strong>to</strong> appo<strong>in</strong>tment of a<br />
Commissioner of the Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of<br />
Authority as its Chief Commissioner, and when a Commissioner is so<br />
appo<strong>in</strong>ted as the Chief Commissioner, his/her term of office shall be<br />
computed as <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>clude his/her tenure as Commissioner as well.<br />
(b) Noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> this clause shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> be a bar <strong>to</strong> appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>to</strong> any<br />
position of a political nature, or <strong>to</strong> any position which has the responsibility<br />
of mak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>vestigations, <strong>in</strong>quiries or f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs on any subject, or <strong>to</strong> any<br />
position which has the responsibility of submitt<strong>in</strong>g advice, op<strong>in</strong>ions or<br />
recommendations after carry<strong>in</strong>g out studies or research on any subject.<br />
120. Functions, duties and powers of the Commission for the Investigation<br />
of Abuse of Authority<br />
(1) The Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority may, <strong>in</strong> accordance<br />
with law, conduct or cause <strong>to</strong> be conducted <strong>in</strong>quiries <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong>, and <strong>in</strong>vestigations of,<br />
improper conduct or corruption by a person hold<strong>in</strong>g any public office.<br />
Provided that this Clause shall not be applicable <strong>to</strong> any official <strong>in</strong> relation <strong>to</strong><br />
whom this <strong>Constitution</strong> itself separately provides for such action, and <strong>to</strong> any officials<br />
with regard <strong>to</strong> whom other law has separately made special provision.<br />
180<br />
(2) An <strong>in</strong>quiry and <strong>in</strong>vestigation may be conducted, or caused <strong>to</strong> be conducted,<br />
aga<strong>in</strong>st any official of a <strong>Constitution</strong>al Body removed from their office follow<strong>in</strong>g<br />
an impeachment resolution on the ground of misbehaviour, any Judge removed<br />
by the Judicial Council on similar charges, or any person proceeded aga<strong>in</strong>st under<br />
the Army Act after they are removed from office, <strong>in</strong> accordance with law.
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f dfGotf k|fKt ljZjljBfnoaf6 :gftsf]kflw k|fKt u/]sf],<br />
-v_ lgo'lQm x'Fbfsf avt s'g} /fhg}lts bnsf] ;b:o g/x]sf],<br />
-u_ n]vf, /fh:j, OlGhlgol/Ë, sfg"g, ljsf; jf cg';Gwfgsf] If]qdf sDtLdf aL; jif{ sfd<br />
u/L cg'ej / Voflt k|fKt u/]sf],<br />
-3_ k}+tfnL; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf], /<br />
-ª_ pRr g}lts rl/q sfod ePsf] .<br />
-^_ k|d'v cfo'Qm / cfo'Qmsf] kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf cGo zt{x¿ sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd<br />
x'g]5g\ . k|d'v cfo'Qm / cfo'Qm cfˆgf] kbdf axfn /x];Dd lghnfO{ dsf{ kg]{ u/L kfl/>lds /<br />
;]jfsf cGo zt{x¿ ablng] 5}gg\ .<br />
-&_ k|d'v cfo'Qm jf cfo'Qm eO;s]sf] JolQm cGo ;/sf/L ;]jfdf lgo'Qm x'gsf] lgldQ u|fÅo x'g]<br />
5}g .<br />
t/,<br />
-s_ clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] cfo'QmnfO{ k|d'v cfo'Qmsf] kbdf lgo'Qm ug{<br />
o; pkwf/fn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g / ;f] adf]lhd s'g} cfo'Qm k|d'v cfo'Qmsf]<br />
kbdf lgo'Qm ePsf]df lghsf] kbfjlwsf] u0fgf ubf{ cfo'Qm ePsf] cjlwnfO{ ;d]t hf]8L<br />
u0fgf ul/g]5 .<br />
-v_ s'g} /fhg}lts kbdf jf s'g} ljifosf] cg';Gwfg, hfFra'em jf 5fglag ug] { jf s'g}<br />
ljifosf] cWoog jf cGj]if0f u/L /fo, dGtJo jf l;kmfl/; k]z ug] { s'g} kbdf lgo'Qm eO{<br />
sfd ug{ o; pkwf/fdf n]lvPsf] s'g} s'/fn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
!@)= clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/M<br />
-!_ s'g} ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] JolQmn] cg'lrt sfo{ jf e|i6frf/ u/L clV<strong>to</strong>f/sf] b'¿kof]u<br />
u/]sf] ;DaGwdf clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] sfg"g adf]lhd cg';Gwfg / txlssft<br />
ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 .<br />
t/ o; ;+ljwfgdf 5'6\6} Joj:yf ePsf] kbflwsf/L / cGo sfg"gn] 5'6\6} ljz]if Joj:yf<br />
ePsf] kbflwsf/Lsf] xsdf of] pkwf/f nfu" x'g] 5}g .<br />
-@_ v/fa cfr/0fsf cfwf/df dxfleof]u k|:tfj kfl/t eO{ kbd'Qm x'g] ;+j}wflgs kbflwsf/Lx¿,<br />
Gofo kl/ifb\af6 ;f]xL cleof]udf kbd'Qm x'g] GofofwLzx¿ / ;}lgs P]g adf]lhd sf/afxL x'g]<br />
JolQmsf xsdf lghnfO{ kbd'Qm eO;s]kl5 sfg"g adf]lhd cg';Gwfg / txlssft ug{ u/fpg<br />
;lsg]5 .<br />
181
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
182<br />
(3) If the Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority f<strong>in</strong>ds, upon<br />
<strong>in</strong>quiry or <strong>in</strong>vestigation carried out pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1), that any person<br />
hold<strong>in</strong>g any public office has misused his/her authority by committ<strong>in</strong>g an act<br />
which is def<strong>in</strong>ed by law as improper conduct, it may warn such person, or<br />
forward a recommendation <strong>to</strong> the authority concerned <strong>in</strong> writ<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> take<br />
departmental action or any other necessary action as prescribed by the law.<br />
(4) If the Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority f<strong>in</strong>ds, upon<br />
<strong>in</strong>quiry or <strong>in</strong>vestigation carried out pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1), that a person hold<strong>in</strong>g<br />
any public office has committed an act which is def<strong>in</strong>ed by law as corrupt, it may<br />
lodge or caused <strong>to</strong> be lodged a case aga<strong>in</strong>st such person or any other person<br />
<strong>in</strong>volved there<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> a court with jurisdiction <strong>in</strong> accordance with the law.<br />
(5) If the Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority f<strong>in</strong>ds, upon<br />
<strong>in</strong>quiry or <strong>in</strong>vestigation carried out pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1), that the nature of<br />
the work <strong>to</strong> be carried out by the person hold<strong>in</strong>g any public office falls under<br />
the jurisdiction of another authority or body, it may forward a recommendation<br />
<strong>to</strong> the authority or body concerned <strong>in</strong> writ<strong>in</strong>g for necessary action.<br />
(6) Subject <strong>to</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong>, other functions, duties, powers and procedures<br />
of the Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority shall be as<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
(7) The Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority may delegate<br />
any of its powers, functions and duties relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the <strong>in</strong>quiry, <strong>in</strong>vestigation or<br />
lodg<strong>in</strong>g of cases, <strong>to</strong> the Chief Commissioner, Commissioner or any employee of<br />
the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> <strong>to</strong> be exercised <strong>in</strong> compliance with the conditions<br />
specified.<br />
121. Annual report<br />
(1) The Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority shall submit<br />
an annual report *<strong>to</strong> the President on the work it has performed <strong>in</strong> accordance<br />
with this <strong>Constitution</strong>, and **the President through the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister shall<br />
make arrangements <strong>to</strong> submit such report before the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(2) The annual report <strong>to</strong> be submitted pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1) shall conta<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>ter<br />
alia the <strong>to</strong>tal number of compla<strong>in</strong>ts lodged dur<strong>in</strong>g the year at the Commission<br />
for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority; the number of cases <strong>in</strong> which<br />
<strong>in</strong>vestigation has been completed, cases filed <strong>in</strong> court with jurisdiction <strong>in</strong><br />
accordance with law, with the number of cases pend<strong>in</strong>g, the cases <strong>in</strong> which<br />
warn<strong>in</strong>gs have been issued, or forwarded with recommendations <strong>in</strong> writ<strong>in</strong>g for<br />
departmental or any other necessary action; the achievements <strong>in</strong> prevent<strong>in</strong>g<br />
corruption and the recommendations for improvements <strong>in</strong> the future.<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
**Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd ePsf] cg';Gwfg / txlssftaf6 ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] s'g}<br />
JolQmn] sfg"g adf]lhd cg'lrt sfo{ dflgg] s'g} sfd u/L clV<strong>to</strong>f/sf] b'¿kof]u u/]sf] b]lvPdf<br />
clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] lghnfO{ ;r]t u/fpg, ljefuLo sf/afxL jf sfg"gdf<br />
Joj:yf eP adf]lhd cGo cfjZos sf/afxLsf] nflu clV<strong>to</strong>f/jfnf ;dIf n]vL k7fpg ;Sg]5 .<br />
-$_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd ePsf] cg';Gwfg / txlssftaf6 ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] s'g}<br />
JolQmn] sfg"g adf]lhd e|i6frf/ dflgg] s'g} sfd u/]sf] b]lvPdf clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg<br />
cfof]un] To:tf] JolQm / ;f] ck/fwdf ;+nUg cGo JolQm pk/ sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt<br />
cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 .<br />
-%_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd ePsf] cg';Gwfg / txlssftaf6 ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] JolQmsf]<br />
sfd sf/afxL cGo clwsf/L jf lgsfosf] clwsf/ If]q cGtu{t kg{] k|s[ltsf] b]lvPdf clV<strong>to</strong>f/<br />
b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] cfjZos sf/afxLsf] nflu ;DalGwt clwsf/L jf lgsfo ;dIf<br />
n]vL k7fpg ;Sg]5 .<br />
-^_ o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] cGo sfd, st{Jo /<br />
clwsf/ tyf sfo{ljlw sfg"gåf/f Joj:yf eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
-&_ cg';Gwfg / txlssft ug]{ jf d'2f rnfpg] cfˆgf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/dWo] s'g} sfd,<br />
st{Jo / clwsf/ clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] k|d'v cfo'Qm, cfo'Qm jf g]kfn<br />
;/sf/sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ tf]lsPsf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL k|of]u tyf kfng ug{ kfpg] u/L ;'Dkg<br />
;Sg]5 .<br />
!@!= jflif{s k|ltj]bgM<br />
-!_ o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] cfk"mn] u/]sf] sfdsf] jflif{s<br />
k|ltj]bg */fi6«klt ;dIf k]z ug{]5 / **/fi6«kltn] k|wfgdGqL dfkm{t\ To:tf] k|ltj]bg<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;dIf k]z ug] { Joj:yf ug{ ]5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd k]z ul/g] k|ltj]bgdf cGo s'/fsf] cltl/Qm clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u<br />
cg';Gwfg cfof]udf jif{el/ k/]sf ph'/L, cg';Gwfg txlssft u/L sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt<br />
cbfntdf bfo/ u/]sf] / tfd]nLdf /fv]sf] d'2fsf] ;ª\Vof, cg'lrt sfo{ u/]sf]df ;r]t u/fPsf]<br />
jf ljefuLo sf/afxL jf cGo sf/afxLsf nflu n]vL k7fPsf] ;ª\Vof, e|i6frf/ lgjf/0fsf<br />
;DaGwdf ePsf] pknlAw tyf ;f] ;DaGwdf eljiodf ug' { kg{ ] ;'wf/sf] ljj/0f pNn]v ug' { kg{ ]5 .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqL ;dIf<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
183
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 12<br />
AUDITOR GENERAL<br />
122. Audi<strong>to</strong>r General<br />
(1) There shall be an Audi<strong>to</strong>r General of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
(2) The Audi<strong>to</strong>r General shall be appo<strong>in</strong>ted by *the President on the<br />
recommendation of the <strong>Constitution</strong>al Council.<br />
(3) Subject <strong>to</strong> the proviso of clause (7), the term of office of the Audi<strong>to</strong>r General<br />
shall be six years from the date of appo<strong>in</strong>tment.<br />
Provided that,<br />
(a) If, before the expiry of his/her term, the Audi<strong>to</strong>r General atta<strong>in</strong>s the age<br />
of sixty-five, he/she shall retire.<br />
(b) The Audi<strong>to</strong>r General may be removed from his/her office on the same<br />
grounds and <strong>in</strong> the same manner as has been set out for removal of a<br />
Judge of the Supreme Court.<br />
(4) The office of the Audi<strong>to</strong>r General shall be deemed vacant <strong>in</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g<br />
circumstances -<br />
(a) if he/she submits a written resignation **<strong>to</strong> the President,<br />
(b) if pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (3) his/her term expires or he/she is removed from<br />
his/her office,<br />
(c) if he/she dies.<br />
(5) No person shall be eligible <strong>to</strong> be appo<strong>in</strong>ted as the Audi<strong>to</strong>r General unless<br />
he/she -<br />
(a) holds a Bachelors Degree <strong>in</strong> Management, Commerce or Accounts from<br />
a university recognized by the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>, or has worked as<br />
a Special Class Officer of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> after successfully<br />
complet<strong>in</strong>g the Chartered Accountants exam<strong>in</strong>ation, or has at least<br />
twenty years experience <strong>in</strong> the field of audit<strong>in</strong>g;<br />
(b) is not a member of any political party immediately before appo<strong>in</strong>tment;<br />
(c) has atta<strong>in</strong>ed forty-five years of age, and<br />
(d) possesses high moral character<br />
184<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
**Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu !@<br />
dxfn]vfk/LIfs<br />
!@@= dxfn]vfk/LIfsM<br />
-!_ g]kfndf Ps dxfn]vfk/LIfs x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ */fi6«kltn]<br />
;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQm ug{]5 .<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -&_ sf] k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+zsf] cwLgdf /xL dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] kbfjlw lgo'lQmsf]<br />
ldltn] 5 jif{sf] x'g]5 .<br />
t/,<br />
-s_ ;f] kbfjlw k"/f x'g' cufj} dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] pd]/ k}+;L jif{ k"/f ePdf lgh cfˆgf]<br />
kbdf axfn /xg] 5}g .<br />
-v_ dxfn]vfk/LIfsnfO{ ;jf] {Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz ;/x ;dfg cfwf/df / ;dfg tl/sfn]<br />
;f] kbaf6 x6fpg ;lsg]5 .<br />
-$_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] kb l/Qm ePsf] dflgg]5 M–<br />
-s_ lghn] **/fi6«klt ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,<br />
-v_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd lghsf] kbfjlw k"/f ePdf jf lgh cfˆgf] kbdf g/x]df,<br />
-u_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .<br />
-%_ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf geO{ s'g} JolQm dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf] nflu of]Uo x'g]<br />
5}g M–<br />
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f dfGotf k|fKt ljZjljBfnoaf6 Joj:yfkg, jfl0fHozf:q jf n]vfdf<br />
:gftsf]kflw k|fKt u/L jf rf6{8{ PsfpG6]G;L k/LIff pQL0f{ u/L g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ljlzi6<br />
>]0fLdf sfd u/]sf] jf n]vf k/LIf0f ;DaGwL sfddf sDtLdf aL; jif{ cg'ej k|fKt<br />
u/]sf],<br />
-v_ lgo'lQm x'Fbfsf avt s'g} /fhg}lts bnsf] ;b:o g/x]sf],<br />
-u_ k}+tfnL; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf], /<br />
-3_ pRr g}lts rl/q sfod ePsf] .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqL ;dIf<br />
185
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(6) The remuneration and other conditions of service of the Audi<strong>to</strong>r General<br />
shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law. The remuneration and other conditions of service<br />
of the Audi<strong>to</strong>r General shall not, so long as he/she holds office, be altered <strong>to</strong><br />
his/her disadvantage.<br />
(7) A person once appo<strong>in</strong>ted as the Audi<strong>to</strong>r General shall not be eligible for<br />
appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>in</strong> other Government service.<br />
Provided that noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> this clause shall be a bar <strong>to</strong> appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>to</strong> any<br />
position of a political nature, or <strong>to</strong> any position which has the responsibility of<br />
mak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>vestigations, <strong>in</strong>quiries or f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs on any subject, or <strong>to</strong> any position<br />
which has the responsibility of submitt<strong>in</strong>g advice, op<strong>in</strong>ions or recommendations<br />
after carry<strong>in</strong>g out studies or research on any subject.<br />
123. Functions, duties and powers of the Audi<strong>to</strong>r General<br />
(1) The accounts of the Supreme Court, Legislature-Parliament, Constituent<br />
Assembly, Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority, Audi<strong>to</strong>r<br />
General, Public Service Commission, Election Commission, National Human<br />
Rights Commission, Office of the At<strong>to</strong>rney General and other offices of<br />
constitutional entities and the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army and Armed Police and the <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
Police as well as of all other government offices and courts shall be audited by the<br />
Audi<strong>to</strong>r General <strong>in</strong> the manner determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law, with due consideration given<br />
<strong>to</strong> the regularity, economy, efficiency, effectiveness and the propriety thereof.<br />
(2) The Audi<strong>to</strong>r General shall be consulted <strong>in</strong> the matter of the appo<strong>in</strong>tment of<br />
audi<strong>to</strong>rs for carry<strong>in</strong>g out the audit of any corporate body of which the Government<br />
of <strong>Nepal</strong> owns more than fifty percent of the shares or assets. The Audi<strong>to</strong>r General<br />
may also issue necessary directives sett<strong>in</strong>g forth the pr<strong>in</strong>ciples for carry<strong>in</strong>g out<br />
the audit of such corporate bodies.<br />
(3) The Audi<strong>to</strong>r General shall, at all times, have access <strong>to</strong> documents concern<strong>in</strong>g<br />
the accounts for the purpose of carry<strong>in</strong>g out the functions specified <strong>in</strong> clause (1).<br />
It shall be the duty of the head of the office <strong>in</strong> question <strong>to</strong> provide all documents<br />
or <strong>in</strong>formation which may be demanded by the Audi<strong>to</strong>r General or his/her<br />
employees.<br />
(4) The accounts <strong>to</strong> be audited pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1) shall, subject <strong>to</strong> the relevant<br />
law, be ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> such form as is prescribed by the Audi<strong>to</strong>r General.<br />
186
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-^_ dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf cGo zt{x¿ sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd x'g]5g\ .<br />
dxfn]vfk/LIfs cfˆgf] kbdf axfn /x];Dd lghnfO{ dsf{ kg]{ u/L kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf cGo<br />
zt{x¿ ablng] 5}gg\ .<br />
-&_ dxfn]vfk/LIfs eO;s]sf] JolQm cGo ;/sf/L ;]jfdf lgo'Qm x'gsf] lgldQ u|fXo x'g] 5}g .<br />
t/ s'g} /fhg}lts kbdf jf s'g} ljifosf] cg';Gwfg, hfFra'em jf 5fglag ug] { jf s'g}<br />
ljifosf] cWoog jf cGj]if0f u/L /fo, dGtJo jf l;kmfl/; k]z ug] { s'g} kbdf lgo'Qm eO{ sfd ug{<br />
o; pkwf/fdf n]lvPsf] s'g} s'/fn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
!@#= dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/M<br />
-!_ ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, Joj:yflksf–;+;b, ;+ljwfg ;ef, clV<strong>to</strong>f/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u,<br />
dxfn]vfk/LIfs, nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, lgjf{rg cfof]u, /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u, dxfGofoflwjQmfsf]<br />
sfof{no tyf cGo ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf] sfof{no / g]kfnL ;]gf Pj+ ;z:q k|x/L jf g]kfn k|x/L<br />
nufotsf ;a} ;/sf/L sfof{no / cbfntsf] n]vf sfg"gåf/f lgwf{l/t tl/sf adf]lhd lgoldttf,<br />
ldtJolotf, sfo{bIftf, k|efjsfl/tf / cf}lrTo ;d]tsf] ljrf/ u/L dxfn]vfk/LIfsaf6 n]vfk/LIf0f<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ krf; k|ltzteGbf a9L z]o/ jf hfoh]yfdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj ePsf] ;+ul7t<br />
;+:yfsf] n]vfk/LIf0fsf] nflu n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm ubf{ dxfn]vfk/LIfs;Fu k/fdz{ ul/g]5 . To:tf]<br />
;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ l;4fGtsf] ;DaGwdf dxfn]vfk/LIfsn] cfjZos<br />
lgb] {zg lbg ;Sg]5 .<br />
-#_ dxfn]vfk/LIfsnfO{ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfdsf] nflu n]vf ;DaGwL sfuhkq h'g;'s}<br />
avt x]g{ kfpg] clwsf/ x'g]5 . ;f] cg';f/ dxfn]vfk/LIfs jf To;sf s'g} sd{rf/Ln] dfu u/]sf]<br />
h'g;'s} sfuhkq tyf hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg' ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'vsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .<br />
-$_ pkwf/f -!_ cg';f/ n]vfk/LIf0f ul/g] n]vf ;DalGwt sfg"gsf cwLgdf /xL dxfn]vfk/LIfsåf/f<br />
tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf /flvg]5 .<br />
187
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(5) In addition <strong>to</strong> the accounts of the offices referred <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong> clause (1), the law may<br />
also require that the accounts of any other office or <strong>in</strong>stitution be audited by the<br />
Audi<strong>to</strong>r General.<br />
124. Annual report<br />
(1) The Audi<strong>to</strong>r General shall submit *<strong>to</strong> the President an annual report on the<br />
work the office has performed, and **the President through the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
shall make arrangements <strong>to</strong> submit such reports <strong>to</strong> the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(2) The annual report <strong>to</strong> be submitted pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1) above shall state,<br />
<strong>in</strong>ter alia, the offices <strong>in</strong> respect of which the Audi<strong>to</strong>r General has carried out<br />
audits <strong>in</strong> that year, any irregularities revealed by the audit, the achievements<br />
<strong>in</strong> resolv<strong>in</strong>g irregularities and the results obta<strong>in</strong>ed, and the details of<br />
recommendations for reform <strong>in</strong> future <strong>in</strong> regard <strong>to</strong> audit<br />
188<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
**Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-%_ pkwf/f -!_ df pNn]v ePsf sfof{nox¿sf] n]vfsf cltl/Qm cGo s'g} sfof{no jf ;+:yfsf]<br />
dxfn]vfk/LIfsaf6 n]vfk/LIf0f ug'{kg]{ u/L sfg"gåf/f Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 .<br />
!@$= jflif{s k|ltj]bgM<br />
-!_ dxfn]vfk/LIfsn] cfk"mn] u/]sf] sfdsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg */fi6«klt ;dIf k]z ug{]5 /<br />
**/fi6«kltn] k|wfgdGqL dfkm{t To:tf] k|ltj]bg Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;dIf k]z ug] { Joj:yf ug] {5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd k]z ul/g] k|ltj]bgdf cGo s'/fsf] cltl/Qm dxfn]vfk/LIfsaf6<br />
jif{el/df n]vfk/LIf0f u/]sf lgsfosf] ljj/0f, n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf] a]?h'sf] l:ylt, a]?h'<br />
km5\of} {6 ug{ u/]sf] k|of; / a]?h' km5\of} {6sf ;DaGwdf k|fKt pknlAw tyf n]vfk/LIf0f ;DaGwdf<br />
eljiodf ug'{ kg{] ;'wf/sf] ljj/0f pNn]v ug'{ kg{]5 .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqL ;dIf<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
189
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 13<br />
PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION<br />
125. Public Service Commission<br />
(1) There shall be a Public Service Commission of <strong>Nepal</strong> consist<strong>in</strong>g of a<br />
Chairperson and such number of other members as may be required.<br />
(2) *The President shall on the recommendation of the <strong>Constitution</strong>al Council,<br />
appo<strong>in</strong>t the Chairperson and other members of the Public Service Commission.<br />
(3) At least fifty percent of the <strong>to</strong>tal number of members of the Public Service<br />
Commission shall be appo<strong>in</strong>ted from persons who have worked for at least<br />
twenty years <strong>in</strong> any government service, and the rest of the members shall be<br />
appo<strong>in</strong>ted from persons who have done research, <strong>in</strong>vestigation, teach<strong>in</strong>g or<br />
any other significant work <strong>in</strong> fields such as science, technology, art, literature,<br />
law, public adm<strong>in</strong>istration, sociology or any other sphere of national life and<br />
who hold a high reputation.<br />
(4) Subject <strong>to</strong> the proviso under sub-clause (a) of clause (8), the term of office of<br />
the Chairperson and other members of the Public Service Commission shall be<br />
six years from the date of appo<strong>in</strong>tment.<br />
Provided that,<br />
(a) If, before the expiry of his/her term, the Chairperson or a member of the<br />
Public Service Commission atta<strong>in</strong>s the age of sixty-five, he/she shall<br />
retire.<br />
(b) The Chairperson and other members of the Public Service Commission<br />
may be removed from office on the same grounds and <strong>in</strong> the same manner<br />
as has been set out for the removal of a Judge of the Supreme Court.<br />
(5) The office of the Chairperson or other members of the Public Service Commission<br />
shall be deemed vacant <strong>in</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g circumstances -<br />
(a) if he/she submits a written resignation **<strong>to</strong> the President,<br />
(b) if pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (4) his/her term expires or he/she is removed from<br />
his/her office,<br />
(c) if he/she dies.<br />
190<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu !#<br />
nf]s ;]jf cfof]u<br />
!@%= nf]s ;]jf cfof]uM<br />
-!_ g]kfndf Ps nf]s ;]jf cfof]u x'g]5 h;df cWoIf / cfjZostf cg';f/ cGo ;b:ox¿<br />
/xg]5g\ .<br />
-@_ */fi6«kltn]<br />
;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:ox¿sf]<br />
lgo'lQm ug{]5 .<br />
-#_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf ;b:ox¿dWo] sDtLdf krf; k|ltzt ;b:ox¿ aL; jif{ jf ;f] eGbf a9L<br />
cjlw;Dd s'g} ;/sf/L ;]jfdf /x]sf JolQmx¿ dWo]af6 / afFsL ;b:ox¿ lj1fg, k|ljlw, snf,<br />
;flxTo, sfg"g, hgk|zf;g, ;dfhzf:q jf /fli6«o hLjgsf cGo If]qdf zf]w, cg';Gwfg, cWofkg<br />
jf cGo s'g} dxTjk"0f{ sfo{ u/L Vofltk|fKt u/]sf JolQmx¿ dWo]af6 lgo'Qm x'g]5g\ .<br />
-$_ pkwf/f -*_ sf] k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+zsf] v08 -s_ sf] cwLgdf /xL nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf]<br />
cWoIf / ;b:osf] kbfjlw lgo'lQm ePsf] ldltn] 5 jif{sf] x'g]5 .<br />
t/,<br />
-s_ ;f] kbfjlw k"/f x'g cufj} nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIf jf ;b:osf] pd]/ k};L jif{ k"/f<br />
ePdf lgh cfˆgf] kbdf axfn /xg] 5}g .<br />
-v_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIf / ;b:onfO{ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz ;/x ;dfg<br />
cfwf/df / ;dfg tl/sfn] ;f] kbaf6 x6fpg ;lsg]5 .<br />
-%_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kb l/Qm ePsf] dflgg]5M–<br />
-s_ lghn] **/fi6«klt ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,<br />
-v_ pkwf/f -$_ adf]lhd lghsf] kbfjlw k"/f ePdf jf lgh cfˆgf] kbdf g/x]df,<br />
-u_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqL ;dIf<br />
191
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(6) No person shall be eligible <strong>to</strong> be appo<strong>in</strong>ted as Chairperson or member of the<br />
Public Service Commission unless he/she possess the follow<strong>in</strong>g qualifications -<br />
(a) hold<strong>in</strong>g a post-graduate degree from a university recognized by the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>,<br />
(b) not be<strong>in</strong>g a member of any political party immediately before the<br />
appo<strong>in</strong>tment,<br />
(c) hav<strong>in</strong>g atta<strong>in</strong>ed the age of forty-five years, and<br />
d) possess<strong>in</strong>g high moral character.<br />
(7) The remuneration and other conditions of service of the Chairperson and<br />
the member of the Public Service Commission shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
The remuneration and other conditions of service of the Chairperson and the<br />
members of the Public Service Commission shall not, so long as they hold office,<br />
be altered <strong>to</strong> their disadvantage.<br />
(8) A person once appo<strong>in</strong>ted <strong>to</strong> the office of the Chairperson and the member of<br />
the Public Service Commission shall not be eligible for appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>in</strong> other<br />
Government services.<br />
Provided that,<br />
(a) Noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> this clause shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> be a bar <strong>to</strong> the appo<strong>in</strong>tment of<br />
a member of the Public Service Commission as Chairperson thereof, and<br />
when a member is so appo<strong>in</strong>ted as the Chairperson, his/her term of<br />
office shall be computed so as <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>clude his/her tenure as member as<br />
well.<br />
(b) Noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> this clause shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> be a bar <strong>to</strong> appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>to</strong> any<br />
position of a political nature, or <strong>to</strong> any position which has the<br />
responsibility of mak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>vestigations, <strong>in</strong>quiries or f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs on any<br />
subject, or <strong>to</strong> any position which has the responsibility of submitt<strong>in</strong>g<br />
advice, op<strong>in</strong>ions or recommendations after carry<strong>in</strong>g out studies or<br />
research on any subject.<br />
126. Functions, duties and powers of the Public Service Commission<br />
(1) It shall be the duty of the Public Service Commission <strong>to</strong> conduct exam<strong>in</strong>ations<br />
for the selection of suitable candidates <strong>to</strong> be appo<strong>in</strong>ted <strong>to</strong> Civil Service posts.<br />
Explanation: For the purposes of this Article, all services and positions <strong>in</strong> the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall be deemed <strong>in</strong>cluded with<strong>in</strong> the Civil Service, except<br />
Army officers or soldiers and the service and positions of Armed Police or<br />
Police personnel, and such other services and positions as are excluded from<br />
the Civil Service or positions by Act.<br />
192
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-^_ b]xfo adf]lhd geO{ s'g} JolQm nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf] nflu<br />
of]Uo x'g] 5}g M–<br />
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 dfGotf k|fKt ljZjljBfnoaf6 :gftsf]Q/ pkflw k|fKt u/]sf],<br />
-v_ lgo'lQm x'Fbfsf avt s'g} /fhg}lts bnsf] ;b:o g/x]sf],<br />
-u_ k}+tfnL; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf], /<br />
-3_ pRr g}lts rl/q sfod ePsf] .<br />
-&_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIf / ;b:osf] kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf cGo zt{x¿ sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f<br />
eP adf]lhd x'g]5g\ . nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIf / ;b:o cfˆgf] kbdf axfn /x];Dd lghx¿nfO{<br />
dsf{ kg]{ u/L kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf cGo zt{x¿ ablng] 5}gg\ .<br />
-*_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIf jf ;b:o eO;s]sf] JolQm cGo ;/sf/L ;]jfdf lgo'Qm x'gsf]<br />
lgldQ u|fXo x'g] 5}g .<br />
t/,<br />
-s_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] ;b:onfO{ cWoIfdf lgo'Qm ug{ o; pkwf/fn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg]<br />
5}g / ;f] adf]lhd s'g} ;b:o cWoIfsf] kbdf lgo'Qm ePdf lghsf] kbfjlwsf] u0fgf<br />
ubf{ ;b:o ePsf] cjlwnfO{ ;d]t hf]8L u0fgf ul/g]5 .<br />
-v_ s'g] } /fhg}lts kbdf jf s'g} ljifosf] cg';Gwfg, hfFra'em jf 5fglag ug] { jf s'g}<br />
ljifosf] cWoog jf cGj]if0f u/L /fo, dGtJo jf l;kmfl/; k]z ug] { s'g} kbdf lgo'Qm eO{<br />
sfd ug{ o; pkwf/fdf n]lvPsf] s'g} s'/fn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
!@^= nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/M<br />
-!_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf] lgldQ pko'Qm pDd]bjf/ 5gf}6 ug{ k/LIff ;~rfng ug'{<br />
nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] st{Jo x'g]5 .<br />
:ki6Ls/0fM o; wf/fsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;}lgs clws[t jf hjfg / ;z:q k|x/L jf k|x/L<br />
sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jf jf kb tyf lghfdtL ;]jf jf kb xf]Og egL P]gåf/f tf]lsPsf] cGo ;]jf jf kb<br />
afx]s g]kfn ;/sf/sf c? ;a} ;]jf jf kbnfO{ lghfdtL ;]jf jf kb dflgg]5 .<br />
193
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(2) Permanent appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>to</strong> any position <strong>in</strong> the Civil Service which carries<br />
the benefit of pension shall not be made except <strong>in</strong> consultation with the Public<br />
Service Commission.<br />
(3) The Public Service Commission shall be consulted on the follow<strong>in</strong>g subjects<br />
a) matters concern<strong>in</strong>g the law relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the conditions of service of the<br />
Civil Service,<br />
b) the general pr<strong>in</strong>ciples <strong>to</strong> be followed <strong>in</strong> the course of appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>to</strong>,<br />
promotion <strong>to</strong>, and departmental action concern<strong>in</strong>g there<strong>in</strong>, the Civil<br />
Service or positions there<strong>in</strong>,<br />
c) matters concern<strong>in</strong>g the suitability of any candidate for appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>to</strong><br />
a Civil Service position for a period of more than six months,<br />
d) matters concern<strong>in</strong>g the suitability of any candidate for transfer or<br />
promotion from one service <strong>to</strong> another with<strong>in</strong> the Civil Service or from<br />
any other Government Service <strong>to</strong> the Civil Service,<br />
e) matters concern<strong>in</strong>g the permanent transfer or promotion of any employee<br />
work<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> any position of an organization which is not required <strong>to</strong><br />
consult with the Public Service Commission on matters of appo<strong>in</strong>tment,<br />
<strong>to</strong> any position for which consultation with the Public Service<br />
Commission is required, and<br />
f) matters relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> departmental actions proposed aga<strong>in</strong>st any Civil<br />
Servant.<br />
(4) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> clause (3), matters fall<strong>in</strong>g with<strong>in</strong><br />
the purview of the Judicial Service Commission pursuant <strong>to</strong> Article 144 shall<br />
be governed by that Article.<br />
(5) The Public Service Commission shall be consulted on the general pr<strong>in</strong>ciples<br />
<strong>to</strong> be followed <strong>in</strong> the course of appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>to</strong>, and promotion of members of,<br />
the Military Service, Armed Police Service or Police Service.<br />
(6) The Public Service Commission may provide advice, if requested by any<br />
public enterprise, with regard <strong>to</strong> the exist<strong>in</strong>g law relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the terms and<br />
conditions of service of their employees, and with regard <strong>to</strong> the general pr<strong>in</strong>ciples<br />
<strong>to</strong> be followed <strong>in</strong> the course of appo<strong>in</strong>tment of, promotion of, and departmental<br />
action aga<strong>in</strong>st, such employees.<br />
Explanation: For the purpose of this Article the words "public enterprise"<br />
mean any corporate body <strong>in</strong> which the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> owns and controls<br />
more than fifty percent of the shares or assets.<br />
194
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-@_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] lgj[lQe/0f kfpg] kbdf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ ljgf :yfoL lgo'lQm<br />
ul/g] 5}g .<br />
-#_ b]xfosf ljifodf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng' kg]{5M–<br />
-s_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] zt{ ;DaGwL sfg"gsf] ljifodf,<br />
-v_ lghfdtL ;]jf jf kbdf lgo'lQm, a9'jf / ljefuLo sf/afxL ubf{ ckgfpg' kg] { l;4fGtsf]<br />
ljifodf,<br />
-u_ lghfdtL kbdf 5 dlxgfeGbf a9L ;dosf] nflu lgo'lQm ubf{ pDd]bjf/sf] pko'Qmtfsf]<br />
ljifodf,<br />
-3_ s'g} Ps k|sf/sf] lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbaf6 csf] { k|sf/sf] lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf jf cGo<br />
;/sf/L ;]jfaf6 lghfdtL ;]jfdf ;?jf jf a9'jf ubf{ pDd]bjf/sf] pko'Qmtfsf] ljifodf,<br />
-ª_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng' gkg]{ cj:yfsf] kbdf axfn /x]sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ nf]s<br />
;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng' kg] { cj:yfsf] kbdf :yfoL ;?jf jf a9'jf ug] { ljifodf, /<br />
-r_ s'g} klg lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ lbOg] ljefuLo ;hfosf] ljifodf .<br />
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg wf/f !!$ adf]lhd Gofo ;]jf cfof]usf]<br />
clwsf/If]qleq kg{] ljifodf ;f]xL adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
-%_ ;}lgs ;]jf, ;z:q k|x/L ;]jf jf k|x/L ;]jf jf cGo ;/sf/L ;]jfsf] kbdf lgo'lQm / a9'jf<br />
ubf{ ckgfpg' kg{] ;fdfGo l;4fGtsf] ljifodf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng'kg{]5 .<br />
-^_ s'g} ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfsf] ;]jfsf sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jfsf zt{ ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g / To:tf]<br />
;]jfsf kbsf] lgo'lQm, a9'jf / ljefuLo sf/afxL ubf{ ckgfpg' kg{] ;fdfGo l;4fGtsf] ljifodf<br />
nf]s ;]jf cfof]u;Fu To:tf] ;+:yfn] k/fdz{ lng rfx]df nf]s ;]jf cfof]un] k/fdz{ lbg ;Sg]5 .<br />
:ki6Ls/0fM o; wf/fsf] k|of]hgsf nflu æ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfÆ eGgfn] krf; k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf<br />
a9L z]o/ jf hfoh]yfdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj jf lgoGq0f ePsf] ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ hgfpg]5 .<br />
195
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(7) The Public Service Commission may delegate any of its functions, duties<br />
and powers <strong>to</strong> any of its members, a committee of such members or any employee<br />
of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>, <strong>to</strong> be exercised <strong>in</strong> compliance with specified<br />
conditions.<br />
(8) Subject <strong>to</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong>, other functions, duties and work<strong>in</strong>g procedures<br />
of the Public Service Commission shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
127. Annual report<br />
(1) Each year, the Public Service Commission shall submit *<strong>to</strong> the President an<br />
annual report on the work it has performed, and **the President through the<br />
Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister shall make arrangements <strong>to</strong> submit such reports before the<br />
Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(2) The annual report <strong>to</strong> be submitted pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1), shall conta<strong>in</strong>, <strong>in</strong>ter<br />
alia, description of the exam<strong>in</strong>ations conducted by the Public Service<br />
Commission throughout the year for select<strong>in</strong>g candidates, candidates who<br />
succeeded <strong>in</strong> such exam<strong>in</strong>ations, advice provided <strong>to</strong> various agencies, advice<br />
given with regard <strong>to</strong> departmental action aga<strong>in</strong>st and punishment of civil<br />
servants and the follow-up there<strong>to</strong>, consultation provided, if any, on the<br />
application of the general pr<strong>in</strong>ciples <strong>to</strong> be followed <strong>in</strong> the course of appo<strong>in</strong>tment<br />
<strong>to</strong>, promotion <strong>to</strong>, and departmental action concern<strong>in</strong>g the Government Service,<br />
and the matters relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> reform of the Civil Service <strong>in</strong> the future<br />
*Amended on 20665 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
**Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
196
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-&_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]un] cfˆgf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ dWo] s'g} sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ cfˆgf]<br />
s'g} ;b:o jf ;b:ox¿sf] ;ldlt jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ tf]lsPsf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL<br />
k|of]u tyf kfng ug]{ u/L ;'Dkg ;Sg]5 .<br />
-*_ o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] cGo sfd, st{Jo / sfo{ljlw sfg"gåf/f<br />
lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
!@&= jflif{s k|ltj]bgM<br />
-!_ k|To]s jif{ nf]s ;]jf cfof]un] cfk"mn] u/]sf] sfdsf] k|ltj]bg */fi6«klt ;dIf k]z ug{ ]5 /<br />
**/fi6«kltn] k|wfgdGqL dfkm{t\ To:tf] k|ltj]bg Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;dIf k]z ug] { Joj:yf<br />
ug]{5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd k]z ul/g] k|ltj]bgdf cGo s'/fsf] cltl/Qm nf]s ;]jf cfof]un]<br />
jif{el/df pDd]bjf/ 5gf}6 ug{ lnPsf] k/LIffsf] ljj/0f, ;f] k/LIffdf pQL0f{ k/LIffyL{ ;DaGwL<br />
ljj/0f, ljleGg lgsfonfO{ k/fdz{ lbPsf] ljj/0f, lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ ljefuLo sf/afxL /<br />
;hfo ubf{ lbPsf] k/fdz{sf] ljj/0f / k/fdz{ adf]lhdsf] sfd eP gePsf] ljj/0f, s'g} ;/sf/L<br />
;]jfsf] kbsf] lgo'lQm, a9'jf / ljefuLo sf/afxL ubf{ ckgfpg' kg{] ;fdfGo l;4fGtsf] af/]df<br />
k/fdz{ lbPsf] eP ;f]sf] ljj/0f / eljiodf lghfdtL ;]jfsf] ;'wf/sf] ljj/0f ;d]t pNn]v ug'{<br />
kg{]5 .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqL ;dIf<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
197
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 14<br />
ELECTION COMMISSION<br />
128. Election Commission<br />
(1) There shall be an Election Commission <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> consist<strong>in</strong>g of a Chief Election<br />
Commissioner and up <strong>to</strong> four other Commissioners. If, apart from the Chief<br />
Election Commissioner, other Election Commissioners are appo<strong>in</strong>ted, the Chief<br />
Election Commissioner shall act as the Chairperson of the Election Commission.<br />
(2) *The President shall, on the recommendation of the <strong>Constitution</strong>al Council,<br />
appo<strong>in</strong>t the Chief Election Commissioner and the Election Commissioners.<br />
(3) Subject <strong>to</strong> the proviso under sub-clause (a) of clause (7), the term of office of<br />
the Chief Election Commissioner and the Election Commissioners shall be six<br />
years from the date of appo<strong>in</strong>tment.<br />
Provided that,<br />
(a) If before the expiry of his/her term the Chief Election Commissioner<br />
and the Election Commissioner atta<strong>in</strong>s the age of sixty-five, he/she shall<br />
retire.<br />
(b) The Chief Election Commissioner and the Election Commissioner may<br />
be removed from his/her office on the same grounds and <strong>in</strong> the same<br />
manner as has been set out for the removal of a Judge of the Supreme<br />
Court.<br />
(4) The office of the Chief Election Commissioner or an Election Commissioner<br />
shall be deemed vacant <strong>in</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g circumstances<br />
(a) if he/she submits a written resignation **<strong>to</strong> the President,<br />
(b) if pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (3) his/her term expires or he/she is removed from<br />
office,<br />
(c) if he/she dies.<br />
198<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu !$<br />
lgjf{rg cfof]u<br />
!@*= lgjf{rg cfof]uM<br />
-!_ g]kfndf Ps lgjf{rg cfof]u x'g]5 h;df k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / cGo rf/ hgf;Dd<br />
lgjf{rg cfo'Qmx¿ /xg]5g\ . k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qmsf cltl/Qm cGo lgjf{rg cfo'Qm lgo'Qm<br />
ePdf k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qmn] lgjf{rg cfof]usf] cWoIf eO{ sfd ug{ ]5 .<br />
-@_ */fi6«kltn]<br />
;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / lgjf{rg cfo'Qmsf]<br />
lgo'lQm ug{]5 .<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -&_ sf] k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+zsf] v08 -s_ sf] cwLgdf /xL k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm /<br />
lgjf{rg cfo'Qmsf] kbfjlw lgo'lQm ePsf] ldltn] 5 jif{sf] x'g]5 .<br />
t/,<br />
-s_ ;f] kbfjlw k"/f x'g' cufj} k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm jf lgjf{rg cfo'Qmsf] pd]/ k};L jif{<br />
k"/f ePdf lgh cfˆgf] kbdf axfn /xg] 5}g .<br />
-v_ k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / lgjf{rg cfo'QmnfO{ ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz ;/x ;dfg<br />
cfwf/df / ;dfg tl/sfn] ;f] kbaf6 x6fpg ;lsg]5 .<br />
-$_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / cfo'Qmsf] kb l/Qm ePsf] dflgg]5M–<br />
-s_ lghn] **/fi6«klt ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,<br />
-v_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd lghsf] kbfjlw k"/f ePdf jf lgh cfˆgf] kbdf g/x]df,<br />
-u_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqL ;dIf<br />
199
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(5) No person shall be eligible <strong>to</strong> be appo<strong>in</strong>ted as the Chief Election<br />
Commissioner or an Election Commissioner unless he/she -<br />
(a) holds a Bachelor's Degree from a university recognized by the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>,<br />
(b) is not a member of any political party immediately before the<br />
appo<strong>in</strong>tment,<br />
(c) has atta<strong>in</strong>ed the age of forty-five years, and<br />
(d) possesses high moral character.<br />
(6) The remuneration and other conditions of service of the Chief Election<br />
Commissioner and the Election Commissioners shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
The remuneration and other conditions of service of the Chief Election<br />
Commissioner and the Election Commissioners shall not, so long as they hold<br />
office, be altered <strong>to</strong> their disadvantage.<br />
(7) A person once appo<strong>in</strong>ted <strong>to</strong> the office of the Chief Election Commissioner or<br />
an Election Commissioner shall not be eligible for appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>in</strong> other<br />
Government Services.<br />
Provided that,<br />
(a) Noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> this clause shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> be a bar <strong>to</strong> the appo<strong>in</strong>tment of an<br />
Election Commissioner as Chief Commissioner, and when a Commissioner<br />
is so appo<strong>in</strong>ted as the Chief Commissioner, his/her term of office shall be<br />
computed as <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>clude his/her term as Commissioner as well.<br />
(b) Noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> this clause shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> be a bar <strong>to</strong> appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>to</strong><br />
any position of a political nature, or <strong>to</strong> any position which has the<br />
responsibility of mak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>vestigations, <strong>in</strong>quiries or f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs on any<br />
subject, or <strong>to</strong> any position which has the responsibility of submitt<strong>in</strong>g<br />
advice, op<strong>in</strong>ions or recommendations after carry<strong>in</strong>g out studies or<br />
research on any subject.<br />
129. Functions, duties and powers of the Election Commission<br />
(1) The Election Commission shall, subject <strong>to</strong> the provisions of this <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
and other laws, conduct, supervise, direct and control the elections <strong>to</strong> the<br />
Constituent Assembly, any referendum <strong>to</strong> be held pursuant <strong>to</strong> Article 157 of<br />
this <strong>Constitution</strong>, and the local government body elections. For these purposes,<br />
the Election Commission shall prepare the voters' rolls.<br />
(2) If, after nom<strong>in</strong>ations for election <strong>to</strong> Constituent Assembly have been filed<br />
but before the election is completed, a question arises as <strong>to</strong> whether a candidate<br />
is disqualified or has ceased <strong>to</strong> possess the qualifications set out <strong>in</strong> Article 65, a<br />
f<strong>in</strong>al decision thereon shall be made by the Election Commission.<br />
200
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-%_ b]xfo adf]lhd geO{ s'g} JolQm k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / cfo'Qmsf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf] nflu of]Uo<br />
x'g] 5}gM–<br />
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 dfGotf k|fKt ljZjljBfnoaf6 :gftsf]kflw k|fKt u/]sf],<br />
-v_ lgo'lQm x'Fbfsf avt s'g} /fhg}lts bnsf] ;b:o g/x]sf],<br />
-u_ k}+tfnL; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf], /<br />
-3_ pRr g}lts rl/q sfod ePsf] .<br />
-^_ k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / cfo'Qmsf] kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf cGo zt{x¿ sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP<br />
adf]lhd x'g]5g\ . k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / cfo'Qm cfˆgf] kbdf axfn /x];Dd lghx¿nfO{ dsf{<br />
kg{] u/L kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf cGo zt{x¿ ablng] 5}gg\ .<br />
-&_ k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / lgjf{rg cfo'Qm eO;s]sf] JolQm cGo ;/sf/L ;]jfdf lgo'Qm x'gsf]<br />
lgldQ u|fXo x'g]5}g .<br />
t/,<br />
-s_ lgjf{rg cfo'QmnfO{ k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qmdf lgo'Qm ug{ o; pkwf/fn] afwf k'¥ofPsf]<br />
dflgg] 5}g / ;f] adf]lhd s'g} cfo'Qm k|d'v cfo'Qmsf] kbdf lgo'Qm ePdf lghsf]<br />
kbfjlwsf] u0fgf ubf{ cfo'Qm ePsf] cjlwnfO{ ;d]t hf]8L u0fgf ul/g]5 .<br />
-v_ s'g} /fhg}lts kbdf jf s'g} ljifosf] cg';Gwfg, hfFra'em jf 5fglag ug{ ] jf s'g}<br />
ljifosf] cWoog jf cGj]if0f u/L /fo, dGtJo jf l;kmfl/; k]z ug{ ] s'g} kbdf lgo'Qm eO{<br />
sfd ug{ o; pkwf/fdf n]lvPsf] s'g} s'/fn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
!@(= lgjf{rg cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/M<br />
-!_ of] ;+ljwfg / cGo sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL ;+ljwfg ;ef, wf/f !%& adf]lhd x'g] hgdt ;ª\u|x<br />
tyf :yfgLo lgsfosf] lgjf{rgsf] ;~rfng, /]vb]v, lgb{]zg / lgoGq0f lgjf{rg cfof]uaf6<br />
x'g]5 . ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu dtbftfx¿sf] gfdfjnL <strong>to</strong>f/ ug{] sfo{ lgjf{rg cfof]un] ug{]5 .<br />
-@_ ;+ljwfg ;ef ;b:osf] nflu pDd]bjf/Lsf] dgf]gog btf{ eO;s]sf] t/ lgjf{rg k"/f gx' Fb} s'g}<br />
pDd]bjf/ wf/f ^% cg';f/ cof]Uo 5 jf x'g uPsf] 5 eGg] k|Zg p7]df To;sf] lg0f{o lgjf{rg<br />
cfof]un] ug]{5 .<br />
201
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(3) The Election Commission may delegate any of its functions, duties and<br />
powers <strong>to</strong> the Chief Election Commissioner, a Commissioner or any employee<br />
of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> <strong>to</strong> be exercised <strong>in</strong> compliance with the conditions<br />
specified.<br />
(4) Subject <strong>to</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong>, other functions, duties and work<strong>in</strong>g procedures<br />
of the Election Commission shall be as regulated by law.<br />
130. The Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> <strong>to</strong> provide necessary employees <strong>to</strong> the<br />
Election Commission<br />
The Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall provide necessary employees and other th<strong>in</strong>gs<br />
as may be required <strong>to</strong> perform the functions of the Election Commission <strong>in</strong><br />
accordance with this <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
202
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-#_ lgjf{rg cfof]un] cfˆgf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ dWo] s'g} sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ k|d'v<br />
lgjf{rg cfo'Qm, lgjf{rg cfo'Qm jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ tf]lsPsf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL<br />
k|of]u tyf kfng ug{ kfpg] u/L ;'Dkg ;Sg]5 .<br />
-$_ o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL lgjf{rg cfof]usf cGo sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tyf sfo{ljlw<br />
sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd x'g]5g\ .<br />
!#)= g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{ cfjZos sd{rf/L pknAw u/fpg' kg{]M<br />
o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{ cfˆgf] sfd k"/f ug{ cfjZos kg{] sd{rf/L / cGo<br />
s'/fx¿ g]kfn ;/sf/n] pknAw u/fpg]5 .<br />
203
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 15<br />
NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION<br />
131. National Human Rights Commission<br />
(1) There shall be a National Human Rights Commission <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> consist<strong>in</strong>g of<br />
the follow<strong>in</strong>g Chairperson and members<br />
(a) a person from among the retired Chief Justices or Judges of the<br />
Supreme Court who has made an outstand<strong>in</strong>g contribution<br />
<strong>to</strong> the protection and promotion of human rights, or a person<br />
who holds a high reputation and has rendered outstand<strong>in</strong>g<br />
contribution be<strong>in</strong>g actively <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> the field of protection<br />
and promotion of human rights or social work.<br />
(b) four persons from among those who have made outstand<strong>in</strong>g<br />
contribution, by be<strong>in</strong>g actively <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> the field of<br />
protection and promotion of human rights or social work.<br />
- Chairperson<br />
- Members<br />
(2) While appo<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g the chairperson and members of the National Human<br />
Rights Commission, diversity, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g gender diversity, must be ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong>ed.<br />
(3) *The President shall, on the recommendation of the <strong>Constitution</strong>al Council,<br />
appo<strong>in</strong>t the Chairperson and the Members of the National Human Rights<br />
Commission.<br />
(4) The term of the office of the Chairperson and the members of the National<br />
Human Rights Commission shall be six years from the date of appo<strong>in</strong>tment.<br />
Provided that the Chairperson and the members of the National Human<br />
Rights Commission may be removed from his/her office on the same ground and <strong>in</strong><br />
the same manner as has been set out for removal of a Judge of the Supreme Court.<br />
204<br />
(5) The office of the Chairperson and the members of the National Human<br />
Rights Commission shall be deemed vacant <strong>in</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g circumstances<br />
(a) if he/she submits a written resignation **<strong>to</strong> the President,<br />
(b) if pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (4) his/her term expires or he/she is removed<br />
from his/her office,<br />
(c) if he/she dies.<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
**Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu !%<br />
/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u<br />
!#!= /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]uM<br />
-!_ g]kfndf Ps /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u x'g]5 h;df b]xfo adf]lhdsf cWoIf / ;b:ox¿<br />
/xg]5g\M–<br />
-s_ dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;Daw{gsf] If]qdf ljlzi6 of]ubfg<br />
k'¥ofPsf ;jf{ ]Rr cbfntsf] k|wfg GofofwLz jf GofofwLz<br />
kbaf6 ;]jf lgj[Q JolQm jf dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f /<br />
;Daw{g jf ;dfh;]jfsf If]qdf lqmofzLn /xL ljlzi6<br />
of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf Vofltk|fKt JolQmx¿ dWo]af6<br />
-v_ dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;Daw{g jf ;dfh;]jfsf If]qdf<br />
lqmofzLn /xL ljlzi6 of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf Vofltk|fKt JolQmx¿<br />
dWo]af6 rf/hgf<br />
– cWoIf<br />
– ;b:o<br />
-@_ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] cWoIf / ;b:osf] lgo'lQm ubf{ dlxnf ;lxt ljljwtf sfod<br />
ug'{ kg{]5 .<br />
-#_ */fi6«kltn]<br />
;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf cWoIf /<br />
;b:osf] lgo'lQm ug{]5 .<br />
-$_ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] cWoIf / ;b:osf] kbfjlw lgo'lQm ePsf] ldltn] 5 jif{sf]<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
t/ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:onfO{ ;jf{ ]Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz ;/x<br />
;dfg cfwf/df / ;dfg tl/sfn] ;f] kbaf6 x6fpg ;lsg]5 .<br />
-%_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kb l/Qm ePsf]<br />
dflgg]5M–<br />
-s_ lghn] **/fi6«klt ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,<br />
-v_ pkwf/f -$_ adf]lhd lghsf] kbfjlw k"/f ePdf jf lgh cfˆgf] kbdf g/x]df,<br />
-u_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqL ;dIf<br />
205
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(6) No person shall be eligible <strong>to</strong> be appo<strong>in</strong>ted as the Chairperson or a member of<br />
the National Human Rights Commission unless he/she<br />
(a) holds a Bachelor's Degree from a university recognized by the Government<br />
of <strong>Nepal</strong>, and<br />
(b) is of high moral character.<br />
(7) The remuneration and other conditions of service of the Chairperson and the<br />
members of the National Human Rights Commission shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by<br />
law. The remuneration and other conditions of service of the Chairperson and the<br />
members of the National Human Rights Commission shall not, so long as they<br />
hold office, be altered <strong>to</strong> their disadvantage.<br />
(8) A person who has been the Chairperson or a member of the National Human<br />
Rights Commission shall not be eligible for appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>in</strong> any other<br />
government service.<br />
Provided that noth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> this clause shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> be a bar <strong>to</strong><br />
appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>to</strong> any position of a political nature, or <strong>to</strong> any position which has the<br />
responsibility of mak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>vestigations, <strong>in</strong>quiries or f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs on any subject, or <strong>to</strong><br />
any position which has the responsibility of submitt<strong>in</strong>g advice, op<strong>in</strong>ions or<br />
recommendations after carry<strong>in</strong>g out studies or research on any subject.<br />
132. Functions, duties and powers of the National Human Rights<br />
Commission<br />
(1) It shall be the duty of the National Human Rights Commission <strong>to</strong> ensure the<br />
respect, protection and promotion of human rights and their effective<br />
implementation.<br />
(2) In order <strong>to</strong> perform the duty pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1), the Commission may<br />
carry out the follow<strong>in</strong>g functions -<br />
(a) conduct <strong>in</strong>quiries <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong>, <strong>in</strong>vestigations of, and recommendation for action<br />
aga<strong>in</strong>st the perpetra<strong>to</strong>r of, <strong>in</strong>stances of violation or abetment of violation of<br />
the human rights of any person or a group of persons, upon a petition or<br />
compla<strong>in</strong>t presented <strong>to</strong> the Commission by the victim himself/herself or<br />
any person on his/her behalf or upon <strong>in</strong>formation received from any source,<br />
or on its own <strong>in</strong>itiative,<br />
(b) forward a recommendation <strong>to</strong> the authority concerned <strong>to</strong> take departmental<br />
action aga<strong>in</strong>st any authority that has the duty or responsibility <strong>to</strong> prevent<br />
violations of human rights, if it failed <strong>to</strong> perform such duty or responsibility<br />
or showed recklessness or lack of <strong>in</strong>terest <strong>in</strong> perform<strong>in</strong>g that duty,<br />
(c) make recommendation if necessary, <strong>to</strong> lodge a petition <strong>in</strong> the court, <strong>in</strong><br />
accordance with the law, aga<strong>in</strong>st a person who has violated human rights,<br />
206
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-^_ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf geO{ s'g} JolQm /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] cWoIf jf ;b:osf]<br />
kbdf lgo'lQm x'g of]Uo x'g] 5}gM–<br />
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 dfGotf k|fKt ljZjljBfnoaf6 :gftsf]kflw xfl;n u/]sf],<br />
-v_ pRr g}lts rl/q sfod ePsf] .<br />
-&_ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:osf] kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf cGo zt{x¿<br />
sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd x'g]5 . /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:o cfˆgf]<br />
kbdf axfn /x];Dd lghx¿nfO{ dsf{ kg{] u/L kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf zt{x¿ ablng] 5}gg\ .<br />
-*_ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf cWoIf jf ;b:o eO;s]sf] JolQm cGo ;/sf/L ;]jfdf<br />
lgo'Qm x'gsf] nflu u|fXo x'g] 5}g .<br />
t/ s'g} /fhg}lts kbdf jf s'g} ljifosf] cg';Gwfg, hfFra'em jf 5fglag ug{] jf To:tf]<br />
ljifosf] cWoog jf cGj]if0f u/L /fo, dGtJo jf l;kmfl/; k]z ug{ ] s'g} kbdf lgo'Qm eO{ sfd ug{<br />
o; pkwf/fdf n]lvPsf] s'g} s'/fn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
!#@= /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/M<br />
-!_ dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f / ;Daw{g tyf To;sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{GjognfO{ ;'lglZrt<br />
ug'{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] st{Jo x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ df plNnlvt st{Jo k"/f ug{sf] nflu /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] b]xfosf<br />
sfd ug{]5M–<br />
-s_ s'g} JolQm jf ;d"xsf] dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3g jf To;sf] b'?T;fxg ePsf]df kLl8t<br />
JolQm cfkm}+ jf lghsf] tkm{af6 s;}n] cfof]u ;dIf k|:t't jf k|]lift u/]sf] lgj]bg jf<br />
ph'/L jf s'g} ;|f]taf6 cfof]unfO{ k|fKt ePsf] hfgsf/L jf cfof]usf] cfˆg} :jljj]sdf<br />
To;sf] 5fglag tyf cg';Gwfg u/L bf]ifL pk/ sf/afxL ug{ l;kmfl/; ug{],<br />
-v_ dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn+3g x'gaf6 /f]Sg] lhDd]jf/L jf st{Jo ePsf] kbflwsf/Ln] cfˆgf]<br />
lhDd]jf/L k"/f gu/]df jf st{Jo kfng gu/]df jf lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{ jf st{Jo kfngf<br />
ug{ pbfl;gtf b]vfPdf To:tf] kbflwsf/L pk/ ljefuLo sf/afxL ug{ ;DalGwt clwsf/L<br />
;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{ ],<br />
-u_ dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3g ug{] JolQmsf lj?4 d'2f rnfpg' kg{] cfjZostf ePdf sfg"g<br />
adf]lhd cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ ug{ l;kmfl/; ug{],<br />
207
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(d) work jo<strong>in</strong>tly and <strong>in</strong> a coord<strong>in</strong>ated manner with civil society <strong>to</strong> enhance<br />
awareness of human rights,<br />
(e) forward a recommendation <strong>to</strong> the relevant authority for tak<strong>in</strong>g<br />
departmental action aga<strong>in</strong>st or impos<strong>in</strong>g punishment on the viola<strong>to</strong>rs<br />
of human rights, giv<strong>in</strong>g clear reasons and basis therefor.<br />
(f) review exist<strong>in</strong>g laws relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> human rights on a periodic basis and <strong>to</strong><br />
recommend <strong>to</strong> the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> necessary reforms and<br />
amendment there<strong>to</strong>,<br />
(g) recommend with reasons <strong>to</strong> the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> that it become a<br />
party <strong>to</strong> any <strong>in</strong>ternational treaties and agreements on human rights, if it<br />
is desirable <strong>to</strong> do so, and <strong>to</strong> moni<strong>to</strong>r the implementation of the<br />
<strong>in</strong>ternational treaties and agreements on human rights <strong>to</strong> which <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
is a party and if found not <strong>to</strong> be implemented, forward recommendations<br />
<strong>to</strong> the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> for effective implementation of such<br />
agreements,<br />
(h) publicize the names of any official, person or bodies not follow<strong>in</strong>g or<br />
implement<strong>in</strong>g the recommendations and directions of the National<br />
Human Rights Commission regard<strong>in</strong>g the violations of human rights <strong>in</strong><br />
accordance with law, and <strong>to</strong> record them as human right viola<strong>to</strong>rs.<br />
(3) The National Human Rights Commission <strong>in</strong> perform<strong>in</strong>g its functions and<br />
duties may exercise the follow<strong>in</strong>g powers -<br />
(a) exercise the same powers as the court <strong>in</strong> requir<strong>in</strong>g any person <strong>to</strong> appear<br />
before the Commission for record<strong>in</strong>g their statement and <strong>in</strong>formation or<br />
exam<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g them, receiv<strong>in</strong>g and exam<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g evidence, and order<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
production of any physical proof,<br />
(b) <strong>in</strong> case the Commission has received the <strong>in</strong>formation from any source that<br />
a serious <strong>in</strong>cident of violation of human rights has occurred or is likely <strong>to</strong><br />
occur, it may enter a person's residence or office, conduct a search and seize<br />
any documents and evidence relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> human rights violations there<strong>in</strong>,<br />
(c) enter any government premises or other places, without prior notice, <strong>in</strong><br />
case the Commission has received <strong>in</strong>formation that violation of human<br />
rights of a person is occurr<strong>in</strong>g thereon and immediate action is required,<br />
<strong>to</strong> provide rescue,<br />
(d) order compensation for the victims of human rights violations <strong>in</strong><br />
accordance with law,<br />
(e) exercise or cause <strong>to</strong> be exercised other powers, and carry out its duties as<br />
prescribed by law.<br />
208
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-3_ dfgj clwsf/sf] ;r]tgf clej[l4 ug{ gful/s ;dfh;Fu ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ ug{],<br />
-ª_ dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn+3gstf{nfO{ ljefuLo sf/afxL tyf ;hfo ug{ sf/0f / cfwf/<br />
v'nfO{ ;DalGwt lgsfo ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug]{,<br />
-r_ dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt k|rlnt sfg"gsf] cfjlws ¿kdf k'g/fjnf]sg ug{] tyf<br />
To;df ug'{ kg{] ;'wf/ tyf ;+zf]wgsf ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{],<br />
-5_ dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw jf ;Demf}tfsf] g]kfn kIf aGg' kg{] ePdf<br />
To;sf] sf/0f;lxt g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{ ] / kIf alg;s]sf ;lGw jf ;Demf}tfsf]<br />
sfof{Gjog eP jf gePsf] cg'udg u/L sfof{Gjog gePsf] kfOPdf ;f]sf] sfof{Gjog<br />
ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{],<br />
-h_ dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn+3gsf ;DaGwdf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] u/]sf] l;kmfl/;<br />
jf lgb{ ]zg kfngf jf sfof{Gjog gug{ ] kbflwsf/L, JolQm jf lgsfosf] gfd sfg"g<br />
adf]lhd ;fj{hlgs u/L dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3gstf{sf] ¿kdf clen]v ug{] .<br />
-#_ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] cfˆgf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ubf{ jf st{Jo kfngf ubf{ b]xfosf]<br />
clwsf/ k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]5M–<br />
-s_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ cfof]u ;dIf pkl:yt u/fO{ hfgsf/L jf aofg lng] jf askq u/fpg],<br />
k|df0f a'‰g], bzL k|df0f bflvnf ug{ nufpg] ;DaGwdf cbfntnfO{ eP ;/xsf] clwsf/<br />
k|of]u ug{ ],<br />
-v_ dfgj clwsf/sf] uDeL/ pNn+3g x'g nfu]sf] jf eO;s]sf] ;"rgf cfof]un] s'g} lsl;daf6<br />
k|fKt u/]df s'g} JolQm jf lghsf] cfjf; jf sfof{nodf ljgf ;"rgf k|j]z ug{ ], vfgtnf;L<br />
lng] tyf To;/L vfgtnf;L ln+bf dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn+3g;Fu ;DalGwt lnvt, k|df0f<br />
jf ;a'b sAhfdf lng],<br />
-u_ s'g} JolQmsf] dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3g eO/x]sf] s'/f hfgsf/L eO{ tTsfn sf/afxL ug{'<br />
kg{ ] cfjZos b]lvPdf ljgf ;"rgf ;/sf/L sfof{no jf cGo 7fpFdf k|j]z ug{ ] / p4f/<br />
ug{ ],<br />
-3_ dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn+3gaf6 kLl8t ePsf] JolQmnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd Ifltk"lt{ lbg<br />
cfb]z lbg],<br />
-ª_ sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd cGo clwsf/sf] k|of]u / st{Josf] kfngf ug{] jf<br />
u/fpg] .<br />
209
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(4) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> this Article, the National Human<br />
Rights Commission shall have no jurisdiction with respect <strong>to</strong> any matter which<br />
falls with<strong>in</strong> the jurisdiction of the Army Act.<br />
Provided that noth<strong>in</strong>g shall be a bar <strong>to</strong> proceed<strong>in</strong>gs <strong>in</strong> respect <strong>to</strong> cases of<br />
violation of human rights and humanitarian laws.<br />
133. Annual report<br />
(1) The National Human Rights Commission shall submit *<strong>to</strong> the President<br />
an annual report on the work it has performed <strong>in</strong> accordance with this<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong>, and **the President through the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister shall make<br />
arrangements <strong>to</strong> submit such reports before the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(2) In addition <strong>to</strong> other matters the annual report <strong>to</strong> be submitted pursuant <strong>to</strong><br />
clause (1), shall conta<strong>in</strong> the compla<strong>in</strong>ts received by the National Human Rights<br />
Commission throughout the year and description of <strong>in</strong>quiries and <strong>in</strong>vestigations<br />
thereon, recommendations made <strong>to</strong> the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> on various matters,<br />
number of cases lodged <strong>in</strong> the court, if any, aga<strong>in</strong>st human rights viola<strong>to</strong>rs and<br />
the particulars of recommendations for improvement <strong>in</strong> the future regard<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
protection and promotion of human rights.<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
210
{<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-$_ o; wf/fdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;}lgs P]gsf] If]qflwsf/sf] ljifodf<br />
/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]unfO{ If]qflwsf/ x'g] 5}g .<br />
t/ dfgj clwsf/ jf dfgjLo sfg"gsf] pNn+3g ePsf] ljifodf sf/afxL rnfpg afwf kg]<br />
5}g .<br />
!##= jflif{s k|ltj]bgM<br />
-!_ o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] cfk"mn] u/]sf] sfdsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg<br />
*/fi6«klt ;dIf k]z ug{]5 / */fi6«kltn] k|wfgdGqL dfk{mt\ To:tf] k|ltj]bg Joj:yflksf–<br />
;+;b ;dIf k]z ug] { Joj:yf ug{ ]5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd k]z ul/g] k|ltj]bgdf cGo s'/fsf] cltl/Qm /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/<br />
cfof]udf jif{el/ k/]sf ph'/L, To:tf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf u/]sf] 5fglag / cg';Gwfgsf] ljj/0f,<br />
g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ljleGg ljifodf u/]sf] l;kmfl/;sf] ljj/0f, dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3g ug{] JolQm<br />
lj?4 s'g} d'2f bfo/ u/]sf] eP ;f]sf] ;ª\Vof, dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / k|jw{gsf ;DaGwdf<br />
eljiodf ug'{ kg{] ;'wf/sf] ljj/0f pNn]v ug'{ kg{]5 .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqL ;dIf<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
211
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 16<br />
ATTORNEY GENERAL<br />
134. Appo<strong>in</strong>tment of the At<strong>to</strong>rney General<br />
(1) There shall be an At<strong>to</strong>rney General <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> who shall be appo<strong>in</strong>ted *by<br />
the President on the recommendation of the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister. The At<strong>to</strong>rney<br />
General shall hold office dur<strong>in</strong>g the pleasure of the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister.<br />
(2) No person shall be eligible <strong>to</strong> be appo<strong>in</strong>ted as At<strong>to</strong>rney General unless<br />
he/she is qualified <strong>to</strong> be appo<strong>in</strong>ted as a Judge of the Supreme Court.<br />
(3) The office of the At<strong>to</strong>rney General shall be deemed vacant under the follow<strong>in</strong>g<br />
circumstances -<br />
(a) if he/she submits a resignation <strong>in</strong> writ<strong>in</strong>g **through the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
<strong>to</strong> the President,<br />
(b) if ***the President on the recommendation of the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister removes<br />
him/her from the office.<br />
(c) if he/she dies.<br />
(4) The remuneration and other facilities of the At<strong>to</strong>rney General shall be at par<br />
with that of a judge of the Supreme Court. The other conditions of service of the<br />
At<strong>to</strong>rney General shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law.<br />
135. Functions, duties and powers of the At<strong>to</strong>rney General<br />
(1) The At<strong>to</strong>rney General shall be the Chief Legal Advisor <strong>to</strong> the Government of<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong>. It shall be the duty of the At<strong>to</strong>rney General <strong>to</strong> give op<strong>in</strong>ions and advice<br />
on constitutional and legal matters <strong>to</strong> the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> and <strong>to</strong> such<br />
other authorities as the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> may specify.<br />
(2) The At<strong>to</strong>rney General or officers subord<strong>in</strong>ate <strong>to</strong> him/her shall represent the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> <strong>in</strong> suits <strong>in</strong> which the rights, <strong>in</strong>terests or concerns of the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> are <strong>in</strong>volved. Unless this <strong>Constitution</strong> otherwise requires, the<br />
At<strong>to</strong>rney General shall have the right <strong>to</strong> make the f<strong>in</strong>al decision <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>itiate proceed<strong>in</strong>gs<br />
<strong>in</strong> any case on behalf of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> <strong>in</strong> any court or judicial authority.<br />
212<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: by the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
**Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
***Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu !^<br />
dxfGofoflwjQmf<br />
!#$= dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] lgo'lQmM<br />
-!_ g]kfndf Ps dxfGofoflwjQmf /xg]5 h;sf] lgo'lQm *k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltaf6<br />
x'g]5 . dxfGofoflwjQmf k|wfgdGqLsf] OR5fg';f/sf] cjlw;Dd cfˆgf] kbdf axfn /xg]5 .<br />
-@_ ;jf] {Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz x'g ;Sg] of]Uotf geO{ s'g} klg JolQm dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] kbdf<br />
lgo'lQmsf] nflu of]Uo dflgg] 5}g .<br />
-#_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] kb l/Qm ePsf] dflgg]5M–<br />
-s_ lghn] **k|wfgdGqL dfkm{t /fi6«klt ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,<br />
-v_ ***k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltaf6 lghnfO{ kbd'Qm ul/Pdf,<br />
-u_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .<br />
-$_ dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] kfl/>lds tyf cGo ;'ljwf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz ;/x<br />
x'g]5 . dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] ;]jfsf cGo zt{x¿ sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd x'g]5g\ .<br />
!#%= dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/M<br />
-!_ dxfGofoflwjQmf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] d'Vo sfg"gL ;Nnfxsf/ x'g]5 . ;+j}wflgs Pj+ sfg"gL<br />
ljifodf g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]lslbPsf] cGo clwsf/LnfO{ /fo ;Nnfx lbg' lghsf]<br />
st{Jo x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] xs, lxt jf ;/f]sf/ lglxt /x]sf] d'2fdf dxfGofoflwjQmf jf lghsf]<br />
dftxtsf clws[tx¿af6 g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k|ltlglwTj ul/g]5 . o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoyf n]lvPb]lv<br />
afx]s s'g} cbfnt jf Goflos clwsf/L ;dIf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 d'2f rnfpg] jf grnfpg]<br />
eGg] s'/fsf] clGtd lg0f{o ug] { clwsf/ dxfGofoflwjQmfnfO{ x'g]5 .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLaf6<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqL ;dIf<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLaf6<br />
213
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(3) While discharg<strong>in</strong>g duties under clause (2), the At<strong>to</strong>rney General shall have<br />
authority as follows -<br />
(a) <strong>to</strong> appear on behalf of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> when the latter is<br />
br<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong>g or defend<strong>in</strong>g litigation.<br />
(b) <strong>to</strong> moni<strong>to</strong>r or cause <strong>to</strong> be moni<strong>to</strong>red the <strong>in</strong>terpretation of law and<br />
implementation of the legal pr<strong>in</strong>ciples propounded by the Supreme<br />
Court <strong>in</strong> the course of litigation.<br />
(c) on the basis of compla<strong>in</strong>ts or <strong>in</strong>formation received by him by any means,<br />
<strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>vestigate allegations of <strong>in</strong>humane treatment of any person <strong>in</strong><br />
cus<strong>to</strong>dy, or that any such person was not allowed <strong>to</strong> meet his/her<br />
relatives directly <strong>in</strong> person or through legal practitioners, and give<br />
necessary directions under this <strong>Constitution</strong> <strong>to</strong> the relevant authorities<br />
<strong>to</strong> prevent the recurrence of such a situation.<br />
(4) In addition <strong>to</strong> the functions, duties and rights as set out <strong>in</strong> this Article, the<br />
other functions, duties and rights of the At<strong>to</strong>rney General shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed<br />
by this <strong>Constitution</strong> and other laws.<br />
(5) In the course of discharg<strong>in</strong>g his/her official duties, the At<strong>to</strong>rney General<br />
shall have the right <strong>to</strong> appear before any court, office or authority of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
(6) The At<strong>to</strong>rney General may delegate his functions, duties and power under<br />
this Article <strong>to</strong> his/her subord<strong>in</strong>ates, <strong>to</strong> be exercised <strong>in</strong> compliance with the<br />
conditions specified.<br />
214<br />
136. Annual report<br />
(1) The At<strong>to</strong>rney General shall, every year, prepare an annual report on the works<br />
he/she has performed <strong>in</strong> accordance with this constitution and other laws, and<br />
submit it *<strong>to</strong> the President, and **the President through the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister shall<br />
make arrangements <strong>to</strong> present the same <strong>to</strong> the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(2) The report under clause (1) shall, <strong>in</strong> addition <strong>to</strong> other matters, cover the number<br />
of <strong>in</strong>stances of constitutional and legal advice given <strong>in</strong> the year by the At<strong>to</strong>rney<br />
General, a discussion of cases prosecuted by the government, a summary of cases<br />
<strong>in</strong>volv<strong>in</strong>g the government as either pla<strong>in</strong>tiff or defendant, a report of crimes, and<br />
recommendations for future improvements <strong>in</strong> cases brought by the government.<br />
137. Power <strong>to</strong> appear <strong>in</strong> the Legislature-Parliament<br />
The At<strong>to</strong>rney General shall have the power <strong>to</strong> appear and express his/her<br />
op<strong>in</strong>ion on any legal question <strong>in</strong> the Legislature-Parliament, the Constituent<br />
Assembly or any committee meet<strong>in</strong>gs.<br />
Provided that he/she shall not have the right <strong>to</strong> vote.<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
**Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ sf] cwLgdf /xL dxfGofoflwjQmfnfO{ cfˆgf] st{Jo kfng ubf{ b]xfosf sfd ug{]<br />
clwsf/ x'g]5M–<br />
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/ jfbL jf k|ltjfbL eO{ bfo/ ePsf d'2f dfldnfdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6<br />
k|lt/Iff ug]{,<br />
-v_ d'2f dfldnfsf /f]xdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] u/]sf] sfg"gsf] JofVof jf k|ltkfbg u/]sf]<br />
sfg"gL l;4fGtsf] sfof{Gjog eP jf gePsf] cg'udg ug] { u/fpg],<br />
-u_ lx/f;tdf /x]sf] JolQmnfO{ o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL dfgjf]lrt Jojxf/ gu/]sf] jf<br />
To:tf] JolQmnfO{ cfkmGt;Fu jf sfg"g Joj;foL dfkm{t e]63f6 ug{ glbPsf] eGg] ph'/L<br />
k/]df jf hfgsf/L x'g cfPdf 5fglag u/L To:tf] x'gaf6 /f]Sg ;DalGwt clwsf/LnfO{<br />
cfjZos lgb{]zg lbg] .<br />
-$_ o; wf/fdf n]lvPsf sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/sf] cltl/Qm dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] cGo sfd,<br />
st{Jo / clwsf/ of] ;+ljwfg / cGo sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
-%_ cfˆgf] kbLo st{Josf] kfngf ubf{ dxfGofoflwjQmfnfO{ g]kfnsf] h'g;'s} cbfnt, sfof{no /<br />
kbflwsf/L ;dIf pkl:yt x'g] clwsf/ x'g]5 .<br />
-^_ dxfGofoflwjQmfn] of] wf/f adf]lhd cfˆgf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tf]lsPsf] zt{sf] cwLgdf<br />
/xL k|of]u / kfng ug]{ u/L dftxtsf clws[tnfO{ ;'Dkg ;Sg]5 .<br />
!#^= jflif{s k|ltj]bgM<br />
-!_ dxfGofoflwjQmfn] k|To]s jif{ of] ;+ljwfg / cGo sfg"g adf]lhd cfk"mn] ;Dkfbg u/]sf]<br />
sfdsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg <strong>to</strong>f/ u/L */fi6«klt ;dIf k]z ug]{5 /<br />
**/fi6«kltn /fi6«kltn] k|wfgdGqL dfk{mt\ To:tf] k|ltj]bg Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;dIf k]z ug] { Joj:yf<br />
ug]{5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd k]z ul/g] k|ltj]bgdf cGo s'/fsf] cltl/Qm dxfGofoflwjQmfn] jif{el/df<br />
;+j}wflgs Pj+ sfg"gL ljifodf lbPsf] /fo ;Nnfxsf] ;ª\Vof, ;/sf/jfbL eO{ rn]sf d'2f ;DaGwL<br />
ljj/0f, g]kfn ;/sf/ jfbL jf k|ltjfbL eO{ bfo/ ePsf d'2f dfldnfdf k|lt/Iff u/]sf] ljj/0f,<br />
ck/fw ;DaGwL ljj/0f tyf ;/sf/jfbL eO{ rNg] d'2fdf eljiodf ul/g' kg{] ;'wf/sf] ljj/0f<br />
pNn]v ug' { kg{ ]5 .<br />
!#&= Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf pkl:yt x'g kfpg]M<br />
dxfGofoflwjQmfnfO{ Joj:yflksf–;+;b, ;+ljwfg ;ef jf To;sf] s'g} ;ldltsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt<br />
eO{ s'g} sfg"gL k|Zgsf] ;DaGwdf /fo JoQm ug{] clwsf/ x'g]5 .<br />
t/ dt lbg] clwsf/ eg] x'g] 5}g .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLaf6<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
215
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 17<br />
STRUCTURE OF STATE AND<br />
LOCAL SELF GOVERNANCE<br />
138. Progressive restructur<strong>in</strong>g of the State<br />
(1) To br<strong>in</strong>g an end <strong>to</strong> discrim<strong>in</strong>ation based on class, caste, language, gender,<br />
culture, religion and region by elim<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g the centralized and unitary form of<br />
the state, the state shall be made <strong>in</strong>clusive and restructured <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> a progressive,<br />
*democratic federal system.<br />
#<br />
(1A) Accept<strong>in</strong>g the aspirations of <strong>in</strong>digenous ethnic groups and the people of the<br />
backward and other regions, and the people of Madhes, for au<strong>to</strong>nomous prov<strong>in</strong>ces,<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong> shall be a Federal Democratic Republic. The prov<strong>in</strong>ces shall be au<strong>to</strong>nomous<br />
with full rights. The Constituent Assembly shall determ<strong>in</strong>e the number, boundary,<br />
names and structures of the au<strong>to</strong>nomous prov<strong>in</strong>ces and the distribution of powers<br />
and resources, while ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g the sovereignty, unity and <strong>in</strong>tegrity of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
(2) A High Level Commission shall be constituted <strong>to</strong> make recommendations<br />
for the restructur<strong>in</strong>g of the State ## <strong>in</strong> accordance with clause (1) and (1A). The<br />
composition, function, duty, power and terms of service of such Commission<br />
shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
(3) The f<strong>in</strong>al decision †relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the structure of the state and federal<br />
system shall be made by the Constituent Assembly.<br />
216<br />
139. Provision for local self governance<br />
(1) ### Election shall be done <strong>to</strong> set up local self governance bodies on the basis<br />
of pr<strong>in</strong>ciples of decentralization and devolution of power by creat<strong>in</strong>g a<br />
congenial atmosphere for the exercise of the people's sovereignty and thereby<br />
ensur<strong>in</strong>g maximum peoples' participation <strong>in</strong> the country's governance, <strong>to</strong><br />
provide services <strong>to</strong> the people at the local level and for the <strong>in</strong>stitutional<br />
development of democracy.<br />
* Amended on 2063 Chaitra 30 (April 13, 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (First Amendment) Act, 2063, <strong>in</strong>troduc<strong>in</strong>g<br />
the word "federal".<br />
# Added on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065.<br />
## Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: Pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1)<br />
† Amended on 2063 Chaitra 30 (April 13, 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (First Amendment) Act, 2063.<br />
### Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: Arragements shall be made
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu !&<br />
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s]Gb|Ls[t / PsfTds 9fFrfsf] cGTo u/L /fHosf] ;dfj]zL, *nf]stflGqs ;+3Lo zf;g k|0ffnL<br />
;lxtsf] cu|ufdL k'g;{+/rgf ul/g]5 .<br />
# -!s_ dw]zL hgtf nufot cflbjf;L hghflt / lk5l8Psf tyf cGo If]qsf hgtfsf]<br />
:jfoQ k|b]zsf] rfxgfnfO{ :jLsf/ u/L g]kfn ;+3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds /fHo x'g]5 .<br />
g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}ldstf, Pstf / cv08tfnfO{ cIf'00f /fVb} :jfoQ k|b]zx?sf] ;Ldf, ;+Vof,<br />
gfd / ;+/rgfsf cltl/Qm s]Gb| / k|b]zsf ;"rLx?sf] k"0f{ ljj/0f, ;fwg–;|f]t / clwsf/sf]<br />
afF8kmfF8 ;+ljwfg ;efaf6 lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .<br />
-@_ ## pkwf/f -!_ / -!s_ adf]lhdsf] /fHosf] k'g;+ {/rgf ug{sf] nflu ;'emfj lbg Ps pRr:t/Lo<br />
cfof]usf] u7g ul/g]5 . To:tf] cfof]usf] u7g, sfd, st{Jo, clwsf/ / ;]jfsf zt{ g]kfn<br />
;/sf/n] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
†<br />
-#_ /fHosf] k'g;{<br />
+/rgf tyf ;+3Lo zf;g k|0ffnLsf] :j?k ;DaGwL ljifosf] clGtd 6'Ëf] ;+ljwfg<br />
;efn] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
!#(= :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;gsf] Joj:yfM<br />
-!_ :yfgLo :t/b]lv g} hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] k|of]u ug{] cg's"n jftfj/0f agfO{ d'n'ssf]<br />
zf;g Joj:yfdf hgtfsf] a9LeGbf a9L ;xeflutf k|jw{g ug{ / hgtfnfO{ :yfgLo :t/df g}<br />
;]jf pknAw u/fpg tyf nf]stGqsf] :yfgLo :t/b]lv g} ;+:yfut ljsf; ug{ ljs]Gb|Ls/0f tyf<br />
clwsf/sf] lgIf]k0fsf cfwf/df :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g ;DaGwL ### lgsfosf] lgjf{rg ul/g]5 .<br />
* g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^# -@)^# r}t #) ut]_ åf/f yk<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f yk<br />
##<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yf M pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd<br />
† g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^# -@)^# r}t #) ut]_ åf/f yk<br />
###<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yf M lgsfosf] u7g ul/g]5<br />
217
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
#<br />
(2) The Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall form district, municipal, and<br />
village level <strong>in</strong>terim bodies with the participation and consensus of<br />
political parties active at the local level <strong>to</strong> operate until elections for<br />
the local bodies are held.<br />
Explanation: For the purpose of this Clause “Political parties active<br />
at the local level" means parties represented <strong>in</strong> the Constituent<br />
Assembly and the political parties that fielded candidacy <strong>in</strong> their<br />
respective districts <strong>in</strong> the first-past-the post elections <strong>to</strong> the Assembly.<br />
(3) The organizational structure, forms and terri<strong>to</strong>rial boundaries as well as<br />
the process of formation of the local self governance bodies shall be as provided<br />
for <strong>in</strong> the law.<br />
140. Mobilization and management of revenue<br />
(1) In order <strong>to</strong> make the local bodies engaged <strong>in</strong> local self governance more<br />
competent by mobilis<strong>in</strong>g and allocat<strong>in</strong>g resources, and ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g an<br />
equitable and judicious balance <strong>in</strong> the distribution of the fruits of development,<br />
and <strong>to</strong> make the local bodies accountable <strong>in</strong> recognis<strong>in</strong>g, formulat<strong>in</strong>g and<br />
implement<strong>in</strong>g local level projects, there shall be shar<strong>in</strong>g of accountabilities<br />
and revenues between the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> and local self governance<br />
bodies accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the provisions <strong>in</strong> the law.<br />
(2) While mobiliz<strong>in</strong>g and shar<strong>in</strong>g revenues pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1) special<br />
consideration should be given <strong>to</strong> balanced and uniform development, and the<br />
<strong>to</strong>tal advancement of socially and economically backward classes and<br />
communities.<br />
218<br />
# Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: (2) Interim local bodies shall be constituted at the District, Municipality and Village level by consensus among all<br />
consent<strong>in</strong>g parties <strong>to</strong> the agreement reached on the 22nd day of Kartik 2063 BS (November 7, 2006) between <strong>Nepal</strong>i Congress,<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong> Communist Party (UML), § Jana Morcha <strong>Nepal</strong>, <strong>Nepal</strong> Sadhbhavana party (Anandidevi), <strong>Nepal</strong> Majdur Kishan party<br />
and United Left Front along with the <strong>Nepal</strong> Communist Party (Maoist).<br />
§<br />
The words <strong>Nepal</strong>i Congress (Democratic) were deleted on 2064 Paush 13 (28 December 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Third Amendment)
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
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:yfgLo lgsfo u7g ul/g]5 .<br />
:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkwf/fsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ:yfgLo txdf lqmofzLn /fhg}lts bnÆ<br />
eGgfn] ;+ljwfg ;efdf k|ltlglwTj ePsf / ;f] ;efsf] lgjf{rgdf klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g]<br />
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k5{ .<br />
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Onfsf tyf u7g ljlw sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
!$)= /fhZj kl/rfng / Joj:yfM<br />
-!_ :yfgLo ljsf;sf] nflu :jfoQ zf;g ;DaGwL lgsfonfO{ ;Ifd agfpg ;fwg / ;|f]tsf]<br />
kl/rfng, ljlgof]hg / ljsf;sf] k|ltkmnsf] ;Gt'lnt tyf Gofof]lrt ljt/0fdf ;dfgtf sfod<br />
/fvL :yfgLo :t/sf of]hgfsf] klxrfg, th'{df / sfof{Gjogdf ;DalGwt :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g<br />
;DaGwL lgsfonfO{ g} hjfkmb]xL agfpg sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/ / :yfgLo<br />
:jfoQ zf;g ;DaGwL lgsfo aLr lhDd]jf/L / /fhZj kl/rfng tyf afF8kmfF8 x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd /fhZj kl/rfng / afF8kmFf8 ubf{ d'n'ssf] ;Gt'lnt / ;dfg ljsf; x'g]<br />
u/L ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s b[li6sf]0faf6 lk5l8Psf ju{ tyf ;d'bfosf] ;du| pTyfgsf nflu<br />
ljz]if Wofg lbg' kg{ ]5 .<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yf M -@_ ;Djt\ @)^# ;fn sflt{s @@<br />
ut] /fhg}lts ;xdlt sfod ug] { g]kfnL sf+u| ];, g]skf -Pdfn]_, § hgdf]rf{ g]kfn, g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{ -cfgGbLb]jL_, g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{<br />
/ ;+o'Qm jfd df]rf{ ;lxtsf /fhg}lts bnx¿ / g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf] ;xdltn] g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f lhNnf, gu/ / ufpF:t/df cGtl/d :yfgLo<br />
lgsfo u7g ul/g]5 .<br />
§<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ k'; !# ut]_ åf/f g]kfnL sf+u|]; -k|hftflGqs_ eGg] zAb lemlsPsf]<br />
219
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 18<br />
POLITICAL PARTIES<br />
141. Prohibition on the imposition of restrictions on political parties<br />
(1) Persons who are committed <strong>to</strong> a common political ideology, philosophy and<br />
programme shall, subject <strong>to</strong> the laws made under proviso (3) of clause (3) of<br />
Article 12 of this <strong>Constitution</strong>, be entitled <strong>to</strong> form and operate political parties of<br />
their choice and <strong>to</strong> generate or cause <strong>to</strong> be generated publicity <strong>in</strong> order <strong>to</strong> secure<br />
public support and cooperation from the general public for their ideology,<br />
philosophy and programmes, and <strong>to</strong> carry out any other activities for that purpose.<br />
Any law, arrangement or decision which restricts any such activities shall be<br />
considered <strong>in</strong>consistent with this <strong>Constitution</strong> and shall ipso fac<strong>to</strong> be void.<br />
(2) Any law, arrangement or decision which allows for participation or<br />
<strong>in</strong>volvement of only a s<strong>in</strong>gle political party or persons hav<strong>in</strong>g a s<strong>in</strong>gle political<br />
ideology, philosophy or programme <strong>in</strong> the elections, political system of the<br />
country or conduct of state affairs shall be <strong>in</strong>consistent with this <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
and shall ipso fac<strong>to</strong> be void.<br />
(3) Political parties with objectives contrary <strong>to</strong> the spirit and norms of the preamble<br />
of this constitution shall not be considered qualified for party registration.<br />
142. Registration required for secur<strong>in</strong>g recognition for the purpose of<br />
contest<strong>in</strong>g elections as a political party<br />
(1) Any political party wish<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> secure recognition from the Election<br />
Commission for the purposes of elections shall be required <strong>to</strong> register its name<br />
with the Election Commission <strong>in</strong> accordance with the procedure determ<strong>in</strong>ed<br />
by the Commission. Political parties that fail <strong>to</strong> register their names shall be<br />
removed from the list of the Election Commission.<br />
(2) While apply<strong>in</strong>g for the registration pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1) above, a political<br />
party shall, along with its constitution, manifes<strong>to</strong> and rules, clarify the follow<strong>in</strong>g<br />
details, <strong>in</strong> addition <strong>to</strong> other matters -<br />
(a) the name of the political party and address of its central office,<br />
(b) the names and addresses of the members of its Executive Committee or<br />
any such other similar committee,<br />
(c) the details and the sources of funds of the political party.<br />
220
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu !*<br />
/fhg}lts bnx?<br />
!$!= /fhg}lts bnnfO{ k|ltjGw nufpg aGb]hM<br />
-!_ ;dfg /fhg}lts ljrf/wf/f, bz{g / sfo{qmddf k|ltj4 JolQmx¿n] wf/f !@ sf] pkwf/f -#_<br />
sf] k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+z -#_ cGtu{t ag]sf] sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL cfˆgf] OR5fg';f/ /fhg}lts<br />
bn vf]Ng, ;~rfng ug{ / ;f] sf] ljrf/wf/f, bz{g / sfo{qmdk|lt hg;fwf/0fsf] ;dy{g /<br />
;xof]u k|fKt ug{sf] nflu To;sf] k|rf/ / k|;f/ ug{, u/fpg jf ;f] k|of]hgsf nflu cGo s'g} sfd<br />
ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . To:tf] s'g} sfo{df s'g} k|ltaGw nufpg] u/L agfOPsf] sfg"g jf ul/Psf] s'g}<br />
Joj:yf jf lg0f{o of] ;+ljwfgsf] k|lts"n dflgg] / :jtM cdfGo x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ s'g} Pp6} /fhg}lts bn jf Ps} lsl;dsf] /fhg}lts ljrf/wf/f, bz{g jf sfo{qmd ePsf<br />
JolQmx¿n] dfq lgjf{rg, b]zsf] /fhg}lts k|0ffnL jf /fHo Joj:yf ;~rfngdf efu lng kfpg]<br />
jf ;lDdlnt x'g kfpg] u/L agfPsf] sfg"g, ul/Psf] s'g} Joj:yf jf lg0f{o o; ;+ljwfg k|lts"n<br />
/ :jtM cdfGo x'g]5 .<br />
-#_ of] ;+ljwfgsf] k|:tfjgfsf] d"n efjgf / dd{ k|lts"n p2]Zo /fv]sf kf6L{x¿ bn btf{sf] lglDt<br />
of]Uo dflgg] 5}gg\ .<br />
!$@= /fhg}lts bnsf] ¿kdf lgjf{rgsf] nflu dfGotf k|fKt ug{ btf{ u/fpg' kg{]M<br />
-!_ lgjf{rgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu lgjf{rg cfof]uaf6 dfGotf k|fKt ug{ rfxg] k|To]s /fhg}lts<br />
bnn] lgjf{rg cfof]uåf/f lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] sfo{ljlw k"/f u/L lgjf{rg cfof]udf btf{ u/fpg'<br />
kg{]5 . o; cg';f/ btf{ gug]{ /fhg}lts bnx¿sf] gfd lgjf{rg cfof]usf] ;"rLaf6 x6fOg]5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd btf{sf] nflu lgj]bg ubf{ k|:tfj btf{ ug{ ul/Psf] /fhg}lts bnsf]<br />
ljwfg, 3f]if0ffkq / lgodfjnL k]z u/L cGo s'/fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf] ljj/0f v'nfpg' kg{]5M–<br />
-s_ /fhg}lts bnsf] gfd / To;sf] k|wfg sfof{no /xg] 7]ufgf,<br />
-v_ /fhg}lts bnsf] sfo{sfl/0fL ;ldlt jf ;f] ;/xsf] ;ldltsf ;b:o tyf cGo kbflwsf/Lsf]<br />
gfd / 7]ufgf,<br />
-u_ /fhg}lts bnsf] cfo;|f]tsf] sf]if / ;f] h'6fpg] ;|f]tsf] ljj/0f .<br />
221
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(3) Political parties shall fulfil the follow<strong>in</strong>g conditions while fil<strong>in</strong>g an<br />
application pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1) -<br />
(a) the constitution and the rules of the political party must be democratic,<br />
(b) the constitution or the rules of the political party must provide for<br />
election of office bearers of the party at all levels at least once <strong>in</strong> every<br />
five years,<br />
(c) there should be a provision for the <strong>in</strong>clusion of members from neglected<br />
and oppressed groups <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g women and Dalits <strong>in</strong> the executive<br />
committees at various levels,<br />
(d) there should be effective provision <strong>in</strong> the constitution of a party <strong>to</strong><br />
discipl<strong>in</strong>e its members.<br />
(4) The Election Commission shall not register any political party if any <strong>Nepal</strong>i<br />
citizen is discrim<strong>in</strong>ated aga<strong>in</strong>st <strong>in</strong> becom<strong>in</strong>g a member of the political party on<br />
the basis of religion, caste, tribe, language or gender or if the name, objectives,<br />
symbol or flag of such political party is of a character that may disturb the<br />
country's religious or communal unity or is divisive <strong>in</strong> character, or if the<br />
constitution or rules of such party have the objective of protect<strong>in</strong>g and promot<strong>in</strong>g<br />
a partyless or s<strong>in</strong>gle party system of government.<br />
(5) For the purpose of the registration of a party for election, an application<br />
with the support and signature of at least ten thousand voters shall be<br />
necessary.<br />
Provided that <strong>in</strong> the case of the parties represented <strong>in</strong> the Interim<br />
Legislature-Parliament, this provision shall not be applicable.<br />
(6) The establishment, registration, recognition and other matters, except those<br />
stated <strong>in</strong> this Part, shall be as provided for <strong>in</strong> the law.<br />
222
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd btf{sf] nflu lgj]bg lb+bf s'g} klg /fhg}lts bnn] b]xfosf zt{x¿ k"/f<br />
u/]sf] x'g' kg{]5M–<br />
-s_ /fhg}lts bnsf] ljwfg / lgodfjnL nf]stflGqs x'g' k5{,<br />
-v_ /fhg}lts bnsf] ljwfg jf lgodfjnLdf sDtLdf kfFr jif{df Ps k6s ;f] bnsf k|To]s<br />
txsf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] lgjf{rg x'g] Joj:yf x'g' k5{,<br />
-u_ ljleGg :t/sf sfo{sfl/0fL ;ldltdf dlxnf, blnt nufot pk]lIft / pTkLl8t If]qsf<br />
;b:ox¿ ;d]t /xg] ;dfj]zL Joj:yf ul/Psf] x'g' k5{,<br />
-3_ bnsf] ljwfgdf bnsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ cg'zfl;t t'Nofpg] k|efjsf/L Joj:yf ul/Psf] x'g'<br />
k5{ .<br />
-$_ s'g} /fhg}lts bnsf] ;b:otf k|fKt ug{ s]jn wd{, hft, hflt, efiff jf lnËsf] cfwf/df<br />
g]kfnL gful/spk/ e]befjk"0f{ aGb]h nufOPsf] jf s'g} /fhg}lts ;+u7g jf bnsf] gfd, p2]Zo,<br />
lrGx jf em08f d'n'ssf] wfld{s jf ;fDk|bflos PstfnfO{ vnn kfg{] jf d'n'snfO{ ljvl08t ug{]<br />
k|s[ltsf] jf To:tf] bnsf] ljwfg jf lgodfjnLdf lgb{nLo jf PsbnLo Joj:yfsf] ;Daw{g /<br />
;+/If0f ug]{ p2]Zo /x]5 eg] lgjf{rg cfof]un] To:tf] ;+u7g jf bnnfO{ btf{ ug{] 5}g .<br />
-%_ lgjf{rgsf] lglDt bn btf{ ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu sDtLdf b; xhf/ dtbftfx¿sf] ;dy{g<br />
;lxtsf] x:tfIf/o'Qm lgj]bg cfjZos kg]{5 .<br />
t/ Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ bnx¿sf] xsdf of] k|fjwfg nfu" x'g] 5}g .<br />
-^_ o; efudf n]lvPb]lv afx]s /fhg}lts bnsf] :yfkgf, btf{, dfGotf tyf cGo s'/fx¿<br />
sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
223
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 19<br />
EMERGENCY POWERS<br />
143. Emergency Powers<br />
(1) If a grave emergency arises <strong>in</strong> regard <strong>to</strong> the sovereignty or <strong>in</strong>tegrity of <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
or the security of any part thereof, whether by war, external aggression, armed<br />
rebellion or extreme economic disarray, *the President on the recommendation<br />
of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> may, by Proclamation<br />
or Order, declare a State of Emergency <strong>to</strong> be enforced <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> or any specified<br />
part thereof.<br />
(2) The Proclamation or the Order issued pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1) shall be laid<br />
before the meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Legislature-Parliament for approval with<strong>in</strong> a month<br />
from the date of its issuance.<br />
(3) If a Proclamation or Order laid for approval pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (2) is approved<br />
by a two-thirds majority of the Legislature-Parliament present at the meet<strong>in</strong>g<br />
such Proclamation or Order shall cont<strong>in</strong>ue <strong>in</strong> force for a period of three months<br />
from the date it was made.<br />
(4) If the Proclamation or the Order laid before a meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Legislature-<br />
Parliament pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (2) is not approved pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (3), such<br />
Proclamation or the Order shall, ipso fac<strong>to</strong>, cease <strong>to</strong> operate.<br />
(5) Before the expiration of the period referred <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong> clause (3), if a meet<strong>in</strong>g of the<br />
Legislature-Parliament, by a majority of two-thirds of the members present, passes<br />
a resolution <strong>to</strong> the effect that circumstances referred <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong> clause (1) cont<strong>in</strong>ue <strong>to</strong><br />
exist, it may extend the period of the Proclamation or Order of State of Emergency<br />
for another one period, not exceed<strong>in</strong>g three months as specified <strong>in</strong> such resolution.<br />
(6) After a State of Emergency has been declared pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1), **the<br />
President on the recommendation of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters of the Government<br />
of <strong>Nepal</strong> may issue such orders as are necessary <strong>to</strong> meet the exigencies. Orders<br />
so issued shall be operative with the same force and effect as law so long as the<br />
State of Emergency is <strong>in</strong> operation.<br />
224<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters<br />
**Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu !(<br />
;+s6sfnLg clwsf/<br />
!$#= ;+s6sfnLg clwsf/M<br />
-!_ g]kfn /fHosf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, cv08tf jf s'g} efusf] ;'/Iffdf o'4, afXo cfqmd0f, ;z:q<br />
ljb|f]x jf r/d cfly{s lj>[ª\vntfsf] sf/0fn] uDeL/ ;Í6 pTkGg ePdf g]kfn ;/sf/,<br />
*dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltn] g]kfn /fHoe/ jf s'g} vf; If]qdf nfu" x'g] u/L<br />
;Í6sfnLg cj:yfsf] 3f]if0ff ug{ jf cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd ul/Psf] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z ;f] cfb]z ePsf] ldltn] Ps dlxgfleq<br />
cg'df]bgsf] nflu Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] a}7sdf k]z ul/g]5 .<br />
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd cg'df]bgsf] nflu k]z ePsf] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf]<br />
a}7sdf pkl:yt ;b:ox¿sf] b'O{–ltxfO ax'dtn] cg'df]bg u/]df 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z ePsf] ldltn]<br />
tLg dlxgf;Dd nfu" /xg]5 .<br />
-$_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] a}7sdf cg'df]bgsf] nflu k]z ePsf] 3f]if0ff jf<br />
cfb]z pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd cg'df]bg gePdf ;f] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z :jtM lgliqmo ePsf]<br />
dflgg]5 .<br />
-%_ pkwf/f -!_ sf] cj:yf cem} ljBdfg 5 egL pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhdsf] Dofb e'Qmfg gx'Fb}<br />
Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt ;b:ox¿sf] b'O{–ltxfO ax'dtn] k|:tfjåf/f lg0f{o u/L<br />
csf{ ] Ps k6s tLg dlxgfdf ga9fO{ ;f] k|:tfjdf tf]lsPsf] cjlwsf] nflu ;Í6sfnLg cj:yfsf]<br />
3f]if0ff jf cfb]zsf] Dofb a9fpg ;Sg]5 .<br />
-^_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd ;Í6sfnLg cj:yfsf] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z ePkl5 To:tf] cj:yfsf]<br />
lgjf/0f ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/, **dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltn] cfjZos cfb]z hf/L<br />
ug{ ;Sg]5 . To;/L hf/L ePsf] cfb]z ;Í6sfnLg cj:yf axfn /x];Dd sfg"g ;/x nfu" x'g]5 .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM dlGqkl/ifb\n]<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM dlGqkl/ifb\n]<br />
225
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(7) Dur<strong>in</strong>g the time of the Proclamation or Order of the State of Emergency<br />
made *by the President, pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1), the fundamental rights provided<br />
<strong>in</strong> Part 3 may be suspended so long as the Proclamation or Order is <strong>in</strong> operation.<br />
Provided that clauses (1), (2) of article 12 and sub-clauses (c) and (d) of<br />
clause (3), Article 13 and 14, clause (2) and (3) of Article 15, Article 16, 17, 18,<br />
20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 29, 30 and 31 and the right <strong>to</strong> constitutional remedy<br />
related <strong>to</strong> Article 32 and the right <strong>to</strong> Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended.<br />
(8) In circumstances where any Article of this <strong>Constitution</strong> is suspended<br />
pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (7) above, no petition may be made <strong>in</strong> any court of law, nor<br />
any question be raised for the enforcement of the fundamental rights conferred<br />
by such Article.<br />
(9) If, dur<strong>in</strong>g the cont<strong>in</strong>uance of a Proclamation or Order pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause<br />
(1), any damage is <strong>in</strong>flicted upon any person by an act of any official done <strong>in</strong><br />
contravention of law or <strong>in</strong> bad faith, the affected person may, with<strong>in</strong> three<br />
months from the date of term<strong>in</strong>ation of the Proclamation or Order, file a petition<br />
for compensation for the said damage, and if the court f<strong>in</strong>ds the claim valid, it<br />
shall cause the compensation <strong>to</strong> be paid.<br />
(10) **The President on the recommendation of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters may, at<br />
any time dur<strong>in</strong>g its cont<strong>in</strong>uance, revoke the Proclamation or Order relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong><br />
the State of Emergency pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1).<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: by the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
**Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read: the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
226
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-&_ */fi6«kltaf6<br />
pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd ;Í6sfnLg cj:yfsf] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z ul/+bf ;f]<br />
3f]if0ff jf cfb]z axfn /x];Ddsf] nflu efu # df Joj:yf ePsf df}lns xs lgnDag ug{<br />
;lsg]5 .<br />
t/ wf/f !@ sf] pkwf/f -!_, -@_, / pkwf/f -#_ sf] v08 -u_ / -3_, wf/f !# / !$, wf/f<br />
!% sf] pkwf/f -@_, / -#_, wf/f !^, !&, !*, @), @!, @@, @#, @$, @^, @(, #) / #! tyf<br />
To:tf wf/f;Fu ;DalGwt wf/f #@ adf]lhd ;+j}wflgs pkrf/sf] xs / aGbL k|ToIfLs/0fsf]<br />
pkrf/ k|fKt ug{] xs lgnDag ul/g] 5}g .<br />
-*_ pkwf/f -&_ adf]lhd o; ;+ljwfgsf] s'g} wf/f lgnDag ul/Psf]df ;f] wf/fn] k|bfg u/]sf]<br />
df}lns xssf] k|rngsf] nflu s'g} cbfntdf lgj]bg lbg jf To; ;DaGwdf s'g} cbfntdf k|Zg<br />
p7fpg ;lsg] 5}g .<br />
-(_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z axfn /x]sf] cj:yfdf s'g} kbflwsf/Ln] sfg"g<br />
ljk/Lt jf ablgot;fy s'g} sfd u/]af6 s;}nfO{ s'g} k|sf/sf] Iflt ePsf] /x]5 eg] lghn] ;f]<br />
3f]if0ff jf cfb]z ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] tLg dlxgfleq cfk"mnfO{ k/]sf] Iflt jfkt Ifltk"lt{sf]<br />
bfaL ug{ ;Sg]5 / bfjL dgfl;j 7x/fPdf cbfntn] plrt Ifltk"lt{ e/fOlbg ;Sg]5 .<br />
-!)_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd ul/Psf] ;Í6sfnLg cj:yfsf] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z **dlGqkl/ifb\sf]<br />
l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltaf6 ;f] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z axfn /x];Dd h'g;'s} avt klg lkmtf{ lng<br />
;lsg]5 .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\af6<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM g]kfn ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\af6<br />
227
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 20<br />
PROVISIONS REGARDING THE ARMY<br />
144. Formation of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army<br />
(1) There shall be an <strong>in</strong>stitution of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
*(1A) The president shall be the Supreme Commander of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army.<br />
(2) **The President on the recommendation of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters shall<br />
appo<strong>in</strong>t the Commander-<strong>in</strong>-Chief of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army.<br />
(3) ***The President on the recommendation of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters shall<br />
control, mobilize and manage the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army <strong>in</strong> accordance with the law.<br />
The Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters shall, with the consent of the political parties and by<br />
seek<strong>in</strong>g the advice of the concerned committee of the Legislature-Parliament,<br />
formulate an extensive work plan for the democratization of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army<br />
and implement it.<br />
(4) In the case of formulat<strong>in</strong>g and implement<strong>in</strong>g the action plan pursuant <strong>to</strong><br />
clause (3), determ<strong>in</strong>ation of the appropriate number of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army, its<br />
democratic structure and national and <strong>in</strong>clusive character shall be developed,<br />
and tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g shall be imparted <strong>to</strong> the army <strong>in</strong> accordance with the norms and<br />
values of democracy and human rights.<br />
#<br />
(4A) In order <strong>to</strong> give the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army a national character and make it <strong>in</strong>clusive,<br />
enlist<strong>in</strong>g of Madhesi, <strong>in</strong>digenous ethnic groups, Dalits, women, and people from<br />
backward regions <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> the armed forces on the basis of the pr<strong>in</strong>ciples of equality<br />
and <strong>in</strong>clusiveness shall be ensured by law.<br />
(5) Other matters perta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army shall be as provided for <strong>in</strong> the law.<br />
228<br />
*Added on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
**Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters<br />
***Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters<br />
# Added on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065.
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu @)<br />
;]gf ;DaGwL Joj:yf<br />
!$$= g]kfnL ;]gfsf] u7gM<br />
-!_ g]kfndf g]kfnL ;]gfsf] Ps ;+u7g /xg]5 .<br />
*-!s=_ /fi6«klt g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;jf]{Rr k/dflwklt x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] k|wfg ;]gfkltsf] lgo'lQm **dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltn] ug]{5 .<br />
-#_ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] lgoGq0f, kl/rfng / Joj:yfkg sfg"g adf]lhd ***dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df<br />
/fi6«kltn] ug]{5 . dlGqkl/ifb\n] /fhg}lts ;xdlt / Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;DalGwt ;ldltsf]<br />
;'emfj lnO{ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] nf]stflGqs/0fsf] lj:t[t sfo{of]hgf th' {df u/L sfof{Gjog ug] {5 .<br />
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd sfo{of]hgf th'{df u/L sfof{Gjog ubf{ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] pko'Qm ;ª\Vof,<br />
nf]stflGqs ;+/rgf / /fli6«o / ;dfj]zL rl/q lgdf{0f u/L nf]stGq / dfgj clwsf/sf] d"Noåf/f<br />
;]gfnfO{ k|lzlIft ug]{ sfd ul/g]5 .<br />
# -$s_ g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ /fli6«o :j?k k|bfg ug{ / ;dfj]zL agfpg dw]zL, cflbjf;L<br />
hghflt, blnt, dlxnf, lk5l8Psf If]q nufotsf hgtfsf] k|j]z ;dfgtf /<br />
;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf cfwf/df sfg'gdf Joj:yf u/L ;'lglZrt ul/g]5 .<br />
-%_ g]kfnL ;]gf ;DaGwL cGo s'/fx¿ sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f yk<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM dlGqkl/ifb\n]<br />
***g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM dlGqkl/ifb\n] ug]{5<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f yk<br />
229
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
145. National Defence Council<br />
(1) There shall be a National Defence Council <strong>in</strong> order <strong>to</strong> recommendations <strong>to</strong><br />
the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters on mobilization, operation and use of the <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
Army consist<strong>in</strong>g of the follow<strong>in</strong>g Chairperson and members:-<br />
(a) Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
- Chairperson<br />
(b) Defence M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
- Member<br />
(c) Home M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
- Member<br />
#<br />
(d) Three m<strong>in</strong>isters designated by the<br />
Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister represent<strong>in</strong>g three different political<br />
parties from among the parties <strong>in</strong> the Council of<br />
M<strong>in</strong>isters - Member<br />
Provided that if there are fewer than three political parties represented <strong>in</strong><br />
the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters, designation of representatives from fewer than three<br />
parties shall not be barred.<br />
(2) In case the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister and the Defence M<strong>in</strong>ister are the same person,<br />
the senior-most member of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters shall be a member of the<br />
National Defence Council.<br />
(3) If the National Defence Council considers it necessary, it may <strong>in</strong>vite other<br />
persons <strong>to</strong> the meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Council.<br />
(4) The Secretary of the M<strong>in</strong>istry of Defence shall work as the Secretary of the<br />
National Defence Council, and, <strong>in</strong> his/her absence, the officer designated by<br />
the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister shall carry out such work.<br />
(5) Except <strong>in</strong> the case of mobilization of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army because of natural<br />
calamities, the decision made by the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters of the Government of<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong> for the mobilization of the army shall be presented <strong>to</strong> a special committee<br />
prescribed by the Legislature-Parliament with<strong>in</strong> a month of the decision, and<br />
be approved accord<strong>in</strong>gly.<br />
(6) The National Defence Council may regulate its own work<strong>in</strong>g procedures.<br />
# Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: (d) Three m<strong>in</strong>isters designated by the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister - Members<br />
230
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
!$%= /fli6«o ;'/Iff kl/ifb\M<br />
-!_ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] kl/rfng, ;~rfng / k|of]u ug{sf] nflu dlGqkl/ifb\nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{<br />
g]kfndf Ps /fli6«o ;'/Iff kl/ifb\ /xg]5 h;df b]xfo adf]lhdsf cWoIf / ;b:ox¿ /xg]5g\ M–<br />
-s_ k|wfgdGqL<br />
– cWoIf<br />
-v_ /Iff dGqL<br />
– ;b:o<br />
-u_ u[x dGqL<br />
– ;b:o<br />
# -3_ dlGqkl/ifb\df /x]sf /fhg}lts bnx?dWo]af6<br />
km/s–km/s bnsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
tf]s]sf tLghgf dGqL<br />
–;b:o<br />
t/ dlGqkl/ifb\df tLgeGbf sd /fhg}lts bnsf] k|ltlglwTj ePsf] cj:yfdf ;f]eGbf<br />
sd /fhg}lts bnsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ u/L tf]Sg afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
-@_ k|wfgdGqL / /Iff dGqL Ps} JolQm /x]sf] cj:yfdf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] jl/i7td ;b:o /fli6«o<br />
;'/Iff kl/ifb\sf] ;b:o x'g]5 .<br />
-#_ /fli6«o ;'/Iff kl/ifb\n] cfˆgf] a}7sdf cfjZostf cg';f/ cGo JolQmnfO{ a}7sdf cfdGq0f<br />
ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
-$_ /fli6«o ;'/Iff kl/ifb\sf] ;lrjsf] sfd /Iff dGqfnosf] ;lrjn] ug{ ]5 / lghsf] cg'kl:yltdf<br />
k|wfgdGqLn] tf]s]sf] clws[tn] ug{]5 .<br />
-%_ k|fs[lts ljkt k/]sf] sf/0fn] g]kfnL ;]gf kl/rfng ePsf]df afx]s ;]gf kl/rfng ;DaGwL<br />
g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\af6 ePsf] lg0f{o Ps dlxgfleq Joj:yflksf–;+;bn] tf]s]sf] ljz]if<br />
;ldltdf k|:t't eO{ cg'df]bg x'g' kg] {5 .<br />
-^_ /fli6«o ;'/Iff kl/ifb\n] cfˆgf] sfo{ljlw cfkm}+ Jojl:yt ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt M klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yf M -3_ k|wfgdGqLn] tf]s]sf tLghgf<br />
dGqL – ;b:o<br />
231
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
146. Transitional provision for the combatants<br />
# The Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters shall form a Special Committee represent<strong>in</strong>g the major<br />
political parties <strong>in</strong> the Constituent Assembly <strong>to</strong> supervise, <strong>in</strong>tegrate and rehabilitate<br />
the combatants of the Maoist Army, and the functions, duties and powers of the<br />
committee shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters.<br />
147. Management and moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Other arrangements regard<strong>in</strong>g the management and moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g of the arms<br />
and the army shall be carried out <strong>in</strong> accordance with the ‘Comprehensive<br />
Peace Accords' [Bishtrit Shanti Samjhauta] concluded between the Government<br />
of <strong>Nepal</strong> and CPN-Maoist on 5 Mangsir 2063 (November 21, 2006) and<br />
‘Agreement on the Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g of the Management of Arms and Armies' reached<br />
on 22 Mangsir 2063 (December 8, 2006).<br />
# Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: the Council of M<strong>in</strong>ister shall form a special committee<br />
232
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
!$^= n8fs'x¿sf] ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Joj:yfM<br />
dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'x¿sf] /]vb]v, ;dfof]hg / k'g:yf{kgfsf lglDt # ;+ljwfg ;efdf<br />
k|ltlglwTj u/]sf /fhg}lts bnx?sf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L dlGqkl/ifb\n] ljz]if<br />
;ldlt agfpg] 5 / To:tf] ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ dlGqkl/ifb\n] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
!$&= Joj:yfkg / cg'udgM<br />
;]gf / xl<strong>to</strong>f/ Joj:yfkg / cg'udg ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_<br />
aLr ;DkGg @)^# ;fn dª\l;/ % ut]sf] …lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfÚ / @)^# ;fn dª\l;/ @@<br />
ut]sf] …;]gf / xl<strong>to</strong>f/ Joj:yfkgsf] cg'udg ;DaGwL ;Demf}tfÚ df pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM dlGqkl/ifb\n] ljz]if ;ldlt<br />
233
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 21<br />
AMENDMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION<br />
148. Amendment of the <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
(1) A Bill regard<strong>in</strong>g amendment or repeal of any Article of the <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
may be presented <strong>in</strong> the Legislature-Parliament<br />
(2) The Bill shall be deemed passed if the Bill so presented is approved by at<br />
least two-thirds majority of the <strong>to</strong>tal number of exist<strong>in</strong>g members.<br />
234
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu @!<br />
;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg<br />
!$*= ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgM<br />
-!_ ;+ljwfgsf] s'g} wf/fnfO{ ;+zf]wg jf vf/]h ug]{ ljw]os Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf k|:t't ug{<br />
;lsg]5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] ljw]os Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{<br />
;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] sDtLdf b'O{ ltxfO{ ;b:ox¿sf] ax'dtaf6 :jLs[t ePdf ljw]os kfl/t ePsf]<br />
dflgg]5 .<br />
235
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 22<br />
MISCELLANEOUS<br />
149. <strong>Constitution</strong>al Council<br />
(1) There shall be a <strong>Constitution</strong>al Council for mak<strong>in</strong>g recommendations <strong>in</strong><br />
accordance with this <strong>Constitution</strong> for appo<strong>in</strong>tment of officials <strong>to</strong> <strong>Constitution</strong>al<br />
Bodies, which shall consist of the Chairperson and members as follows<br />
(a) Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister - Chairperson<br />
(b) Chief Justice - Member<br />
(c) Speaker of the Legislature-Parliament - Member<br />
#<br />
(d) Three m<strong>in</strong>isters designated by the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
represent<strong>in</strong>g three different political parties <strong>in</strong><br />
the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters<br />
- Member<br />
Provided that if there are fewer than three political parties represented <strong>in</strong> the<br />
Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters the designation of the representation of less than three<br />
parties shall not be barred.<br />
##<br />
(e) Leader of the opposition party <strong>in</strong> the Legislature- Parliament - Member<br />
(2) When the position of the Chief Justice falls vacant and a recommendation<br />
has <strong>to</strong> be made for the same, the M<strong>in</strong>ister for Justice shall be present <strong>in</strong> the<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong>al Council as a member.<br />
(3) The procedures regard<strong>in</strong>g the appo<strong>in</strong>tment of the officials of the<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong>al Bodies, and the functions, duties, powers and work<strong>in</strong>g<br />
procedures of the <strong>Constitution</strong>al Council shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by the law.<br />
(4) The Chief Secretary of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall work as the Secretary<br />
of the <strong>Constitution</strong>al Council.<br />
236<br />
150. <strong>Nepal</strong>i ambassadors and emissaries<br />
*The President on the recommendation of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters<br />
may appo<strong>in</strong>t ambassadors of <strong>Nepal</strong> and other emissaries for specified<br />
purposes.<br />
# Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act,, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: Three M<strong>in</strong>isters designated by the Prim Mimister - Members<br />
## Added on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment), 2065.<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment), 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally read:<br />
the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu @@<br />
ljljw<br />
!$(= ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\M<br />
-!_ o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] lgo'lQmsf] l;kmfl/; ug{ Pp6f<br />
;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\ x'g]5 h;df b]xfo adf]lhdsf cWoIf / ;b:ox¿ /xg]5g\ M–<br />
-s_ k|wfgdGqL – cWoIf<br />
-v_ k|wfg GofofwLz – ;b:o<br />
-u_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;efd'v – ;b:o<br />
# -3_ dlGqkl/ifb\df /x]sf /fhg}lts bnx?dWo] km/s–km/s<br />
bnsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L k|wfgdGqLn] tf]s]sf tLghgf dGqL<br />
– ;b:o<br />
t/ dlGqkl/ifb\df tLgeGbf sd /fhg}lts bnsf] k|ltlglwTj ePsf] cj:yfdf ;f]eGbf<br />
sd /fhg}lts bnsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ u/L tf]Sg afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
## -ª_ Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf ljkIfL bnsf g]tf<br />
– ;b:o<br />
-@_ k|wfg GofofwLzsf] kb l/Qm ePsf] cj:yfdf k|wfg GofofwLzsf] lgo'lQmsf] l;kmfl/; ubf{<br />
;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\df Gofo dGqL ;b:osf] ¿kdf /xg]5 .<br />
-#_ ;+j}wflgs cËsf kbflwsf/Lsf] lgo'lQm ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] cGo sfd,<br />
st{Jo / clwsf/ tyf sfo{ljlw sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
-$_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] d'Vo ;lrjn] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] ;lrj eO{ sfd ug{]5 .<br />
!%)= g]kfnL /fhb"t / ljz]if k|ltlglwM<br />
*dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltn] g]kfnL /fhb"t / s'g} vf; k|of]hgsf] nflu ljz]if<br />
k|ltlglw lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM -3_ k|wfgdGqLn] tf]s]sf]<br />
tLghgf dGqL – ;b:o<br />
##<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f yk<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM dlGqkl/ifb\n]<br />
237
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
151. Pardon<br />
*The President on the recommendation of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters may grant<br />
pardons [<strong>to</strong> persons convicted], and suspend, commute or reduce any sentence<br />
imposed by any court, special court, military court or by any other judicial or<br />
quasi-judicial, or adm<strong>in</strong>istrative authority or <strong>in</strong>stitution.<br />
152. Titles, honours, and decorations<br />
(1) Titles, honours or decorations <strong>to</strong> be conferred on behalf of the State shall be<br />
conferred by **the President on the recommendation of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters.<br />
(2) No citizen of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall, without the approval of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>,<br />
accept any title, honour or decoration from the government of any foreign<br />
country.<br />
153. <strong>Constitution</strong> of the Government Service<br />
The Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> may, <strong>in</strong> order <strong>to</strong> run the adm<strong>in</strong>istration of the country,<br />
constitute the Civil Service and other government services as required. The<br />
constitution, operation, and terms and conditions for such services shall be as<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ed by an Act.<br />
154. Formation of Commissions<br />
The Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> may form necessary commissions <strong>to</strong> safeguard and<br />
promote the rights and <strong>in</strong>terests of different sec<strong>to</strong>rs of the country <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<br />
women, Dalits, <strong>in</strong>digenous ethnic groups[Adivasi Janajati], Madhesi, disabled,<br />
labourers or farmers. The provisions for the formation, functions, duties and<br />
powers of such commissions shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by the law.<br />
<br />
154A Constituency Delimitation Commission<br />
(1) For the purpose of elect<strong>in</strong>g members <strong>to</strong> the Constituent Assembly, the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> may form a Constituency Delimitation Commission,<br />
with the follow<strong>in</strong>g Chairperson and members<br />
(a) A retired Judge of the Supreme Court<br />
- Chairperson<br />
(b) A geographer<br />
- Member<br />
(c) A sociologist or demographer<br />
- Member<br />
(d) An adm<strong>in</strong>istra<strong>to</strong>r or management expert - Member<br />
(e) A special class gazetted officer of the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
- Member Secretary<br />
238<br />
*Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters<br />
**Amended on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29 ,2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: by the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
<br />
Added on 2063 Chaitra 30 (April 13, 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (First Amendment) Act, 2063.
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!%!= dfkmLM<br />
*dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltn] h'g;'s} cbfnt, ljz]if cbfnt, ;}lgs cbfnt jf cGo<br />
s'g} Goflos, cw{ Goflos jf k|zf;sLo kbflwsf/L jf lgsfon] u/]sf] ;hfonfO{ dfkmL, d'ntjL,<br />
kl/jt{g jf sd ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
!%@<br />
pkflw, ;Ddfg / lje"if0fM<br />
-!_ **dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltaf6 /fHosf tkm{af6 lbOg] pkflw, ;Ddfg / lje"if0fx¿<br />
k|bfg x'g]5g\ .<br />
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[lt k|fKt gu/L g]kfnsf] s'g} gful/sn] s'g} ljb]zL d'n'ssf] ;/sf/af6<br />
k|bfg ul/g] pkflw, ;Ddfg jf lje"if0f u|x0f ug{ x'Fb}g .<br />
!%#= ;/sf/L ;]jfsf] u7gM<br />
g]kfn ;/sf/n] d'n'ssf] k|zf;g ;~rfng ug{ lghfdtL ;]jf / cfjZos cGo ;/sf/L ;]jfx¿sf]<br />
u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 . To:tf ;]jfx¿sf] u7g, ;~rfng / ;]jfsf zt{x¿ P]gåf/f lgwf{/0f ul/P<br />
adf]lhd x'g]5g\ .<br />
!%$= cfof]usf] u7gM<br />
g]kfn ;/sf/n] dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt, dw]zL, ckfË, dhb'/ jf ls;fg nufot<br />
ljljw If]qsf] xs lxtsf] ;+/If0f / k|jw{g ug{ cfjZos cfof]ux¿ u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 . To:tf<br />
cfof]ux¿sf] u7g, sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
<br />
!%$s= lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]uM<br />
-!_ ;+ljwfg ;ef ;b:osf] lgjf{rg ug]<br />
{{{{{ k|of]hgsf] nflu lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n]<br />
Ps lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]u u7g ug{ ;Sg]5, h;df b]xfo adf]lhdsf cWoIf / ;b:ox¿<br />
/xg]5g\ M<br />
-s_ ;jf]<br />
{Rr cbfntaf6 ;]gflgj[Q GofofwLz<br />
– cWoIf<br />
-v_ e"uf]nljb\<br />
– ;b:o<br />
-u_ ;dfhzf:qL jf hg;ª\Vofljb\ – ;b:o<br />
-3_ k|zf;gljb\ jf Joj:yfkgljb\<br />
– ;b:o<br />
-ª_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;]jfdf /x]sf] /fhkqflÍt ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] clws[t<br />
–;b:o ;lrj<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM dlGqkl/ifb\n]<br />
**g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM k|wfgdGqLaf6<br />
<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^# -@)^# r}t #) ut]_ åf/f yk<br />
239
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(2) The appo<strong>in</strong>tment of the Chairperson and members of the Constituency<br />
Delimitation Commission shall be done by the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
(3) The term of office of the Constituency Delimitation Commission shall be<br />
as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> at the time of the formation of<br />
the Commission, and the term may be extended, if required, by the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
(4) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> Clause (1), no <strong>in</strong>dividual shall be<br />
deemed eligible <strong>to</strong> be appo<strong>in</strong>ted <strong>to</strong> the position of Chairperson or member<br />
of the Constituency Delimitation Commission unless he/she.<br />
(a) holds at least a Master's Degree <strong>in</strong> a relevant subject from a university<br />
recognized by the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>,<br />
(b) is at least forty-five years of age, and<br />
(c) is of high moral character.<br />
(5) The position of the Chairperson or member of the Constituency<br />
Delimitation Commission shall be deemed vacant if -<br />
(a) he or she submits a resignation <strong>in</strong> writ<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister,<br />
(b) he or she dies.<br />
(6) The Constituency Delimitation Commission, while delimit<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
constituencies, shall determ<strong>in</strong>e the number of members <strong>to</strong> be elected on the<br />
basis of the population of each district <strong>in</strong> accordance with Clauses (3) and<br />
(3a) of Article 63, ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g as far as practicable proportionality between<br />
the number of members and the population of the districts, and fix the<br />
number of constituencies for election of members of the Constituent<br />
Assembly accord<strong>in</strong>gly.<br />
(7) While delimit<strong>in</strong>g the elec<strong>to</strong>ral constituencies pursuant <strong>to</strong> Clause (6), on the<br />
basis of equality of population, geographical convenience and special<br />
characteristics, attention shall be paid <strong>to</strong> the boundary of each adm<strong>in</strong>istrative<br />
district, geographical conditions, population density, transportation facilities, and<br />
the communal and cultural characteristics of the people liv<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> such districts.<br />
(8) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> Clause (7) the number of elec<strong>to</strong>ral<br />
constituencies <strong>in</strong> each adm<strong>in</strong>istrative district shall not be fixed below the<br />
number of constituencies that existed at the time of the commencement of<br />
this <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
240
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-@_ lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]usf cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] lgo'lQm g]kfn ;/sf/n] ug]{5 .<br />
-#_ lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]usf] sfof{jlw ;f] cfof]u u7g ubf{sf avt g]kfn ;/sf/n]<br />
tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 / To:tf] sfof{jlw cfjZostfg';f/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] yk ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
-$_ pkwf/f -!_ sf] ;j{dfGotfdf k|lts"n gx'g] u/L b]xfo adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf geO{ s'g} klg<br />
JolQm lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]usf] cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kbdf lgo'Qm x'g of]Uo x'g] 5}g M–<br />
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 dfGotfk|fKt ljZjljBfnoaf6 ;DalGwt ljifodf sDtLdf :gftsf]kflw<br />
xfl;n u/]sf],<br />
-v_ sDtLdf k}+tfnL; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf],<br />
-u_ pRr g}lts rl/q sfod ePsf] .<br />
-%_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]usf cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kb l/Qm ePsf]<br />
dflgg]5 M–<br />
-s_ lghn] k|wfgdGqL ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf ,<br />
-v_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .<br />
-^_ lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]un] o; wf/f adf]lhd lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f ubf{ wf/f ^# sf]<br />
pkwf/f -#_ / -#s_ sf] cwLgdf /xL To:tf lhNnfx¿sf] hg;ª\Vof / ;+ljwfg;ef ;b:o<br />
;ª\VofaLrsf] cg'kft oyf;Dej ;dfg x'g] u/L k|To]s lhNnfsf] hg;ª\Vofsf] cfwf/df ;f]<br />
lhNnfaf6 lgjf{lrt x'g] To:tf] ;b:o ;ª\Vof lgwf{/0f ug]{5 / ;f] ;ª\Vof a/fa/ ;+ljwfg ;efsf]<br />
;b:osf] lgjf{rgsf] nflu lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .<br />
-&_ pkwf/f -^_ adf]lhd lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f ubf{ ;dfg hg;ª\Vof / ef}uf]lns cg's'ntf<br />
tyf ljlzi6tfsf] cfwf/df k|To]s k|zf;sLo lhNnfsf] l;dfgf, ef}uf]lns cj:yf, hg;ª\Vofsf]<br />
3gTj oftfoftsf] ;'ljwf / To:tf] lhNnfdf a;f]jf; ug]{ afl;Gbfx¿sf] ;fd'bflos tyf<br />
;f+:s[lts kIfnfO{ ;d]t Wofg lbg' kg]{5 .<br />
-*_ pkwf/f -&_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf] avt lgjf{rg<br />
lhNnfdf sfod /x]sf lgjf{rg If]qeGbf sd x'g] u/L lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .<br />
241
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(9) No question shall be raised <strong>in</strong> any law court regard<strong>in</strong>g the constituencies<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ed, *or reviewed pursuant <strong>to</strong> Clause (10c), by the Constituency<br />
Delimitation Commission.<br />
(10) The Constituency Delimitation Commission shall submit its report <strong>to</strong><br />
the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister about the work carried out by it.<br />
†(10A) The Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister shall submit the report received pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause<br />
(10) <strong>to</strong> the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters, and the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters shall send the<br />
report <strong>to</strong> the Election Commission and other bodies concerned for<br />
implementation.<br />
(10B) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> Clause (10A), if the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters<br />
deems it necessary that a report submitted <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister pursuant <strong>to</strong><br />
Clause (10) be reviewed because of technical errors <strong>in</strong> a particular district,<br />
the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters may, <strong>in</strong> such a special situation, set a deadl<strong>in</strong>e and<br />
request the Chairperson and member of the Commission formed pursuant<br />
<strong>to</strong> Clause (1) <strong>to</strong> review the report once.<br />
(10C) If the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters makes a request under Clause (10B), the<br />
Chairperson and member of such a Commission shall review the matter<br />
requested by the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters with<strong>in</strong> the deadl<strong>in</strong>e specified and<br />
submit a report <strong>to</strong> the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister.<br />
(10D) A report received pursuant <strong>to</strong> Clause (10C) shall be implemented<br />
pursuant <strong>to</strong> Clause (10A)<br />
(10E) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed elsewhere <strong>in</strong> this Clause while<br />
carry<strong>in</strong>g out a review pursuant <strong>to</strong> Clause (10C), the Constituency Delimitation<br />
Commission will be deemed <strong>to</strong> be <strong>in</strong> existence for the entire period under<br />
Clause (10B).<br />
(11) The Constituency Delimitation Commission shall determ<strong>in</strong>e its own<br />
procedures.<br />
242<br />
* Added on 2064 Jestha 30 (June 13, 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Second Amendment) Act, 2064.<br />
†Added on 2064 Jestha 30 (June 13, 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Second Amendment) Act, 2064.
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-(_ (_ lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]uåf/f lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] *jf pkwf/f -!)u_<br />
adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sg ul/Psf] ljifodf s'g} cbfntdf s'g} k|Zg p7fpg ;lsg] 5}g .<br />
-!)_ lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]un] cfk"mn] ;Dkfbg u/]sf] sfdsf] k|ltj]bg k|wfgdGqL ;dIf<br />
a'emfpg]5 .<br />
† -!)s_ k|wfgdGqLn] pkwf/f -!)_ adf]lhd k|fKt k|ltj]bg dlGqkl/ifb\;dIf /fVg]5 /<br />
dlGqkl/ifb\n] k|ltj]bg sfof{Gjogsf nflu lgjf{rg cfof]u tyf ;Dj4 lgsfodf k7fpg]5 .<br />
-!)v_ pkwf/f -!)s_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pkwf/f -!)_ adf]lhd k|wfgdGqL;dIf<br />
a'emfPsf] k|ltj]bgdf k|fljlws ?kdf gldn]sf] b]lvPsf] lhNnfsf] xsdf k'g/fjnf]sg x'g cfjZos<br />
ePsf] dlGqkl/ifb\n] 7fg]df pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd ul7t cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:onfO{ lglZrt<br />
;do tf]sL dlGqkl/ifb\n] To:tf] ljz]if kl/l:yltdf ;f] k|ltj]bg Psk6ssf nflu k'g/fjnf]sg<br />
ug{ cg'/f]w ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
-!)u_ pkwf/f -!)v_ adf]lhd dlGqkl/ifb\n] cg'/f]w u/]df To:tf] cfof]usf] cWoIf cWoIf /<br />
;b:on] ;f]xL cjlwleq dlGqkl/ifb\n] cg'/f]w u/]sf] ljifodf k'g/fjnf]sg u/L ;f]sf] k|ltj]bg<br />
k|wfgdGqL;dIf k]; ug'{kg]{5 .<br />
-!)3_ pkwf/f -!)u_ adf]lhd k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePsf]df To:tf] k|ltj]bgpk/ pkwf/f -!)s_<br />
adf]lhdsf] sf/jfO{ ug'{kg]{5 .<br />
-!)ª_ o; wf/fdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pkwf/f -!)u_ adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sg<br />
ubf{ ;f] k|of]hgsf nflu pkwf/f -!)v_ sf] cjlwe/sf nflu lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]u<br />
sfod /x]sf] dflgg]5 .<br />
-!!_ lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]un] cfkm\gf] sfo{ljlw cfkm+} lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .<br />
* g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ h]7 #) ut]_ åf/f yk<br />
† g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ h]7 #) ut]_ åf/f yk<br />
243
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(12) The remuneration and other benefits of the Chairperson and members of<br />
the Constituency Delimitation Commission shall be similar <strong>to</strong> those of Chief<br />
Election Commissioner and Election Commissioner, respectively.<br />
(13) The Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall provide the required number of staff for the<br />
Constituency Delimitation Commission.<br />
155. Hear<strong>in</strong>g for the officials of constitutional bodies and provisions<br />
regard<strong>in</strong>g citizenship<br />
(1) Prior <strong>to</strong> appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>to</strong> constitutional posts on the recommendation of the<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong>al Council accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong>, and <strong>to</strong> * the appo<strong>in</strong>tment<br />
of the Judges of the Supreme Court and ambassadors, there shall be a<br />
parliamentary hear<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> accordance with the provisions of the law.<br />
(2) In order <strong>to</strong> be eligible for appo<strong>in</strong>tment <strong>to</strong> constitutional positions under this<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong>, a person must be a citizen of <strong>Nepal</strong> by descent or birth or by<br />
naturalization and have lived <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> for at least ten years.<br />
156. Ratification of, accession <strong>to</strong>, acceptance of or approval of treaties<br />
or agreements<br />
(1) The ratification of, accession <strong>to</strong>, acceptance of or approval of treaties or<br />
agreements <strong>to</strong> which the State of <strong>Nepal</strong> or the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> is <strong>to</strong> become<br />
a party shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by the law.<br />
(2) The laws <strong>to</strong> be made pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1) shall, <strong>in</strong>ter alia, require that the<br />
ratification of, accession of or approval of treaty or agreements on the follow<strong>in</strong>g<br />
subjects be done by a two-thirds majority of the <strong>to</strong>tal number of exist<strong>in</strong>g members<br />
of the Legislature-Parliament:-<br />
(a) peace and friendship;<br />
(b) security and strategic alliance;<br />
(c) the boundaries of <strong>Nepal</strong>; and<br />
(d) natural resources and the distribution of their uses.<br />
Provided that if any treaty or agreement referred <strong>in</strong> the sub-clauses (a)<br />
and (d), is of ord<strong>in</strong>ary nature which does not affect the nation extensively,<br />
seriously or <strong>in</strong> the long-term, the ratification of, accession <strong>to</strong>, acceptance of or<br />
approval of such treaty or agreement may be done at a meet<strong>in</strong>g of the<br />
Legislature-Parliament by a simple majority of the members present.<br />
244<br />
* Amended on 2064 Jestha 30 (June 13, 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Second Amendment) Act, 2064,<br />
<strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>clude reference <strong>to</strong> appo<strong>in</strong>tments of judges and ambassadors.
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-!@_ lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:osf] kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf qmdzM<br />
lgjf{rg cfof]usf k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / lgjf{rg cfo'Qm ;/x x'g]5 .<br />
-!#_ lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]unfO{ cfjZos kg]{ sd{rf/L g]kfn ;/sf/n] pknAw<br />
u/fpg]5 .<br />
!%%= ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] ;'g'jfO / gful/stf ;DaGwL Joj:yfM<br />
-!_ *o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df lgo'Qm x'g] ;+j}wflgs kb tyf ;jf]<br />
{Rr<br />
cbfntsf GofofwLz / /fhb"tsf] lgo'lQm k"j{ lghx¿sf] sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd ;+;bLo<br />
;'g'jfO x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd lgo'Qm x'g] ;+j}wflgs kbx¿df j+zh jf hGdsf gftfn] g]kfnsf]<br />
gful/s ePsf] JolQm jf cËLs[t gful/stf k|fKt u/L sDtLdf b; jif{ g]kfndf a;f]jf; u/]sf]<br />
JolQm dfq lgo'lQmsf] nflu of]Uo dflgg]5 .<br />
!%^= ;lGw jf ;Demf}tfsf] cg'df]bg, ;lDdng, :jLs[lt jf ;dy{gM<br />
-!_ g]kfn /fHo jf g]kfn ;/sf/ kIf x'g] ;lGw jf ;Demf}tfsf] cg'df]bg, ;lDdng, :jLs[lt jf<br />
;dy{g sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd sfg"g agfpFbf cGo s'/fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf ljifosf ;lGw jf<br />
;Demf}tfsf] cg'df]bg, ;lDdng, :jLs[lt jf ;dy{g Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf<br />
;Dk"0f{ ;b:ox¿sf] b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dtn] ug'{ kg{] zt{ /flvg]5M–<br />
-s_ zflGt / d}qL,<br />
-v_ ;'/Iff Pj+ ;fdl/s ;DaGw,<br />
-u_ g]kfn /fHosf] l;dfgf, /<br />
-3_ k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf To;sf] pkof]usf] afF8kmfF8 .<br />
t/ v08 -s_ / -3_ df plNnlvt ljifosf ;lGw jf ;Demf}tf dWo] /fi6«nfO{ Jofks,<br />
uDeL/ jf bL3{sfnLg c;/ gkg{] ;fwf/0f k|s[ltsf ;lGw jf ;Demf}tfsf] cg'df]bg, ;lDdng,<br />
:jLs[lt jf ;dy{g Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt ;b:ox¿sf] ;fwf/0f ax'dtaf6 x'g<br />
;Sg]5 .<br />
* g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ h]7 #) ut]_ åf/f yk<br />
245
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(3) After the commencement of the <strong>Constitution</strong>, unless a treaty or agreement<br />
is ratified, acceded <strong>to</strong>, accepted or approved <strong>in</strong> accordance with this Article, it<br />
shall not be b<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g on the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> or the State of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
(4) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> clauses (1) and (2), no treaty or agreement<br />
shall be concluded that may be detrimental <strong>to</strong> the terri<strong>to</strong>rial <strong>in</strong>tegrity of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
157.Decision could be made through referendum<br />
(1) Except as provided elsewhere <strong>in</strong> the <strong>Constitution</strong>, if the Constituent Assembly<br />
decides, by a two-thirds majority of the <strong>to</strong>tal number of exist<strong>in</strong>g members that it<br />
is necessary <strong>to</strong> make a decision on any matters of national importance, a decision<br />
may be reached on such matters through referendum.<br />
(2) The procedures perta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> mak<strong>in</strong>g decision pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1) shall<br />
be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by the law.<br />
158. Power <strong>to</strong> remove difficulties<br />
#<br />
If any difficulty arises <strong>in</strong> connection with the implementation of this<br />
constitution, the President on the recommendation of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters<br />
may issue necessary Orders <strong>to</strong> remove such difficulties, and such Orders<br />
require endorsement by the Legislature-Parliament ## with<strong>in</strong> a month.<br />
246<br />
# Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: If any difficulty arises <strong>in</strong> connection with the implementation of this <strong>Constitution</strong>, the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters<br />
## Removed on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12,, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: or the Constituent Assembly
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-#_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePkl5 x'g] s'g} ;lGw jf ;Demf}tf o; wf/f adf]lhd cg'df]bg, ;lDdng,<br />
:jLs[lt jf ;dy{g geP;Dd g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn /fHosf] xsdf nfu" ePsf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
-$_ pkwf/f -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg g]kfn /fHosf] k|fb]lzs cv08tfdf<br />
k|lts"n c;/ kg{] u/L s'g} ;lGw jf ;Demf}tf ul/g] 5}g .<br />
!%&= hgdt ;+u|xaf6 lg0f{o ug{ ;lsg]M<br />
-!_ o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoq Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s /fli6«o dxTjsf] s'g} ljifodf hgdt ;+u|xaf6<br />
lg0f{o ug{ cfjZos 5 egL ;+ljwfg ;efn] tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:ox¿sf] b'O{ ltxfO{<br />
;b:osf] ax'dtaf6 lg0f{o u/]df To:tf] ljifodf hgdt ;+u|xaf6 lg0f{o lng ;lsg]5 .<br />
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|lqmofaf6 lg0f{o lnOg] sfo{ljlw sfg"gåf/f lgwf{/0f eP adf]lhd<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
!%*= afwf c8\sfp k'msfpg] clwsf/M<br />
# of] ;+ljwfgsf] sfof{Gjog ubf{ s'g} afwf c8\sfp k/]df /fi6«kltn] dlGqkl/ifb\sf]<br />
l;kmfl/;df To:tf] afwf c8\sfp k'msfpg cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 / o:tf] cfb]z Joj:yflksf–<br />
;+;baf6 ## Ps dlxgfleq cg'df]bg u/fpg' kg]{5 .<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM dlGqkl/ifb\n] of] ;+ljwfgsf] sfof{Gjog<br />
ug{ s'g} afwf c8\sfp k/]df<br />
##<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f x6fOPsf] . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM jf ;+ljwfg ;efaf6<br />
247
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 23<br />
TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS<br />
*159. Property <strong>to</strong> be kept <strong>in</strong> a Trust:<br />
(1) A Trust shall be set up by the <strong>Nepal</strong> Government <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> which the property that<br />
belonged <strong>to</strong> late K<strong>in</strong>g Birendra, Queen Aishwarya and their family members<br />
shall be transferred, and the fund shall be used <strong>in</strong> the national <strong>in</strong>terest.<br />
(2) All the property <strong>in</strong>herited by former K<strong>in</strong>g Gyanendra <strong>in</strong> the form of palaces,<br />
forests and national parks, and cultural heritage centres of his<strong>to</strong>rical or<br />
archaeological importance shall be nationalized.<br />
* Amended on 2065 Jesth 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read : as shown <strong>in</strong> the box on the next page.<br />
248
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu @#<br />
;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Joj:yf<br />
*!%(= !%(= ;DklQ 6«i6 agfO{ /flvg] M<br />
-!_ tTsfnLg /fhf jL/]Gb|, /fgL P]Zjo{ / lghx?sf kl/jf/sf] ;DklQ g]kfn ;/sf/ dftxt NofO{<br />
6«i6 agfP/ /fi6«lxtdf k|of]u ul/g]5 .<br />
-@_ tTsfnLg /fhfsf x}l;otn] 1fg]Gb| zfxnfO{ k|fKt ePsf ;a} ;DklQx? -h:t} ljleGg :yfgsf<br />
b/jf/x?, jg tyf lgs'~hx?, P]ltxfl;s / k'/ftflTjs dxTjsf ;Dkbfx? cflb_ /fli6«os/0f<br />
ul/g]5 .<br />
* g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfnfO{ csf]{ kfgfdf aS;df /flvPsf] 5<br />
249
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
159. †Arrangements regard<strong>in</strong>g the head of the state<br />
¤ (1) <strong>Nepal</strong> shall be a federal democratic republican state.<br />
(2) The implementation of [transition <strong>to</strong>] the republic shall be made at the first<br />
meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Constituent Assembly.<br />
Provided that the Legislature Parliament may implement the republic<br />
prior <strong>to</strong> the elections <strong>to</strong> the Constituent Assembly if the k<strong>in</strong>g creates a serious<br />
obstacle <strong>to</strong> the Constituent Assembly elections, by a motion <strong>in</strong> this regard<br />
passed by at least a two-thirds majority of the exist<strong>in</strong>g members of the<br />
Legislature-Parliament. Such a motion shall be presented before the Legislature-<br />
Parliament <strong>in</strong> accordance with a decision of the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters of the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
(3) No power <strong>to</strong> rule the country shall be vested <strong>in</strong> the K<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
(3A) All the functions perta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> governance of the country shall be carried<br />
out by the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister.<br />
(3B) The Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister shall conduct all the functions of the head of the state<br />
until the republic is implemented<br />
(4) The property of late K<strong>in</strong>g Birendra, late Queen Aishwarya and other members<br />
of their family shall be brought under the control of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>,<br />
and a Trust shall be established <strong>to</strong> use the property for the benefit of the nation.<br />
(5) All the property acquired by K<strong>in</strong>g Gyanendra <strong>in</strong> the capacity of K<strong>in</strong>g (for <strong>in</strong>stance:<br />
the palaces <strong>in</strong> different parts of the country, forests and national parks, heritage sites<br />
of his<strong>to</strong>rical and anthropological importance etc.) shall be nationalized.<br />
250<br />
† Amended on 2064 Paush 13 (28 December 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Third Amendment) Act, 2064.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally it read "Provisions regard<strong>in</strong>g the K<strong>in</strong>g".<br />
¤ Amended on 2064 Paush 13 (28 December 2007) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Third Amendment) Act, 2064.<br />
Orig<strong>in</strong>ally it read<br />
(1) No power <strong>to</strong> rule the country shall be vested <strong>in</strong> the K<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
(2) The Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister shall perform all work perta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the governance and operation of the country.<br />
(3) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g conta<strong>in</strong>ed elsewhere <strong>in</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong>, the Constituent Assembly shall decide by a simple<br />
majority at its first meet<strong>in</strong>g about whether or not <strong>to</strong> cont<strong>in</strong>ue the monarchy <strong>in</strong> existence.<br />
Second Amendment adds:<br />
(3A) Notwithstand<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> Clause (3), a majority of at least two-thirds of the <strong>to</strong>tal number of the exist<strong>in</strong>g<br />
members of the Legislature-Parliament may pass a resolution abolish<strong>in</strong>g the monarchy if it concludes that the K<strong>in</strong>g<br />
poses serious obstacles <strong>to</strong> the election <strong>to</strong> the Constituent Assembly.<br />
(3B) A decision <strong>to</strong> submit a proposal pursuant <strong>to</strong> Clause (3.A) shall be made by the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters and such<br />
proposal shall be submitted <strong>to</strong> the Legislature-Parliament.<br />
(Note: This Article has been amended three times.)
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
!%(= †/fi6« k|d'v ;DaGwL Joj:yfM<br />
¤ -!_ g]kfn Ps ;+3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds /fHo x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ u0ftGqsf] sfof{Gjog ;+ljwfg ;efsf] klxnf] a}7saf6 x'g]5 .<br />
t/ /fhfn] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg x'g glbg uDeL/ Jojwfg v8f u/]df ;+ljwfg<br />
;efsf] lgjf{rg x'g' cufj} klg Joj:yflksf-;+;bsf tTsfn sfod /x]sf sDtLdf b'O ltxfO<br />
;b:ox?sf] ax'dtn] k|:tfj kfl/t u/L u0ftGq sfof{Gjog ug{ ;Sg]5 / To:tf] k|:tfj<br />
g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/n] Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;dIf k]z<br />
ug]{5 .<br />
-#_ d'n'ssf] zf;g Joj:yf ;DaGwL s'g} klg clwsf/ /fhfdf /xg] 5}g .<br />
-#s_ d'n'ssf] zf;g Joj:yf / ;f]sf] ;~rfng ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfd k|wfgdGqLn] ug]{5 .<br />
-#v_ u0ftGq sfof{Gjog geP;Ddsf] nflu /fi6« k|d'vn] ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ sfd k|wfgdGqLn]<br />
ug]{5 .<br />
-$_ :juL{o /fhf jL/]Gb|, /fgL P]Zjo{ / lghx¿sf kl/jf/sf] ;DklQ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] dftxtdf<br />
NofO{ 6«i6 agfP/ /fi6«lxtdf k|of]u ul/g]5 .<br />
-%_ /fhfsf] x}l;otn] /fhf 1fg]Gb|nfO{ k|fKt ePsf ;a} ;DklQx¿ -h:t} ljleGg :yfgsf<br />
b/af/x¿, jg tyf lgs'~hx¿, P]ltxfl;s / k'/ftflTjs dxTjsf ;Dkbfx¿ cflb_ /fli6«os/0f<br />
ul/g]5 .<br />
† g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ k'; !# ut]_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] æ/fhf ;DaGwL Joj:yfÆ eGg] zLif{s<br />
/x]sf]<br />
¤ g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^$ -@)^$ k'; !# ut]_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn]sf] Joj:yfM<br />
-!_ d'n'ssf] zf;g Joj:yf ;DaGwL s'g} klg clwsf/ /fhfdf /xg] 5}g .<br />
-@_ d'n'ssf] zf;g Joj:yf / ;~rfng ;DaGwL ;a} sfd k|wfgdGqLn] ug]{5 .<br />
-#_ /fh;+:yf sfod /fVg] of g/fVg] ;DaGwdf o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;+ljwfg ;efsf] klxnf] a}7sdf<br />
;fwf/0f ax'dtaf6 lg0f{o ul/g]5 .<br />
bf];|f] ;+zf]wg åf/f yk Joj:yfM<br />
-#s_ pkwf/f -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg /fhfn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg x'g glbg uDeL/ Jojwfg v8f u/]sf] 7x/ ub}{<br />
;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg x'g'cufj} klg Joj:yflksf–;+;b\sf] tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] sDtLdf b'O{ltxfO{ ax'dtaf6<br />
/fh;+:yf sfod g/xg] u/L k|:tfj kfl/t ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
-#v_ pkwf/f -#s_ adf]lhd k|:tfj k]; ug]{ lg0f{o dlGqkl/ifb\n] ug]{5 / To:tf] k|:tfj Joj:yflksf–;+;b\;dIf k]; ug]{5 .<br />
-gf]6 M of] wf/f tLgk6s ;+zf]wg ePsf] 5 ._<br />
251
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
160. Provisions regard<strong>in</strong>g the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters<br />
(1) The Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters exist<strong>in</strong>g at the time of the commencement of this<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong> shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> have been constituted under this <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
(2) The Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters constituted pursuant <strong>to</strong> clause (1), shall cont<strong>in</strong>ue<br />
<strong>to</strong> work until the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters is constituted under Article 38.<br />
161. Provisions regard<strong>in</strong>g the Legislature-Parliament<br />
(1) Immediately after the commencement of this <strong>Constitution</strong>, the Legislature-<br />
Parliament shall be constituted under this <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
(2) After the commencement of this <strong>Constitution</strong>, the exist<strong>in</strong>g House of<br />
Representatives and the National Assembly shall ipso fac<strong>to</strong> be dissolved, and<br />
the first meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Legislature-Parliament under this <strong>Constitution</strong> shall<br />
convene on the same day.<br />
(3) Bills that were under consideration <strong>in</strong> the House of Representatives at the<br />
time of the commencement of this <strong>Constitution</strong> shall be transferred <strong>to</strong> the<br />
Legislature-Parliament under this <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
(4) The Parliament Secretariat and officials and the staff work<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the<br />
Secretariat at the time of the commencement of this <strong>Constitution</strong> shall be deemed<br />
<strong>to</strong> be the Secretariat of the Legislature-Parliament and the officials and staff of<br />
the Secretariat shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> have been appo<strong>in</strong>ted under this <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
162. Provisions regard<strong>in</strong>g the Judiciary<br />
(1) The Supreme Court, Appellate Court and District Courts subsist<strong>in</strong>g at the<br />
time of the commencement of this <strong>Constitution</strong> shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> have been<br />
constituted under this <strong>Constitution</strong>, and this <strong>Constitution</strong> shall not h<strong>in</strong>der the<br />
mak<strong>in</strong>g of the decisions by the concerned courts on cases filed prior <strong>to</strong> the<br />
commencement of this <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
(2) The Judges work<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the Supreme Court, Appellate Courts and District<br />
Courts, after the commencement of this <strong>Constitution</strong>, shall take an oath of<br />
commitment <strong>to</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong> as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
Any Judge who decl<strong>in</strong>es <strong>to</strong> take the oath shall ipso fac<strong>to</strong> cease <strong>to</strong> hold office.<br />
(3) Necessary legal arrangements shall be made on the basis of democratic<br />
norms and values <strong>to</strong> br<strong>in</strong>g about gradual reforms <strong>in</strong> the judicial sec<strong>to</strong>r <strong>to</strong> make<br />
it <strong>in</strong>dependent, clean, impartial and competent.<br />
252
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
!^)= dlGqkl/ifb\ ;DaGwL Joj:yfM<br />
-!_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt sfod /x]sf] dlGqkl/ifb\ o;} ;+ljwfg cGtu{t u7g ePsf]<br />
dflgg]5 .<br />
-@_ wf/f #* adf]lhd dlGqkl/ifb\ u7g geP;Dd pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] dlGqkl/ifb\ sfod<br />
/xg]5 .<br />
!^!= Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;DaGwL Joj:yfM<br />
-!_ of] ;+ljwfg hf/L x'gf;fy o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhdsf] Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] u7g x'g]5 .<br />
-@_ of] ;+ljwfg hf/L ePkl5 tTsfn sfod /x]sf] k|ltlglw;ef / /fli6«o;ef :jtM lj36g x'g]5<br />
/ ;f]xL lbg o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhdsf] Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] klxnf] a}7s a:g]5 .<br />
-#_ of] ;+ljwfg hf/L x'Fbfsf] avt k|ltlglw;efdf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf ljw]osx¿ o; ;+ljwfg<br />
adf]lhdsf] Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf x:tfGt/0f x'g]5g\ .<br />
-$_ of] ;+ljwfg hf/L x'Fbfsf avt sfod /x]sf] ;+;b ;lrjfno / ;f] ;lrjfnodf sfo{/t<br />
kbflwsf/L / sd{rf/L o;} ;+ljwfg adf]lhd sfod x'g] Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;lrjfno / lgo'lQm<br />
ePsf kbflwsf/L / sd{rf/L dflgg]5g\ .<br />
!^@= Gofokflnsf ;DaGwL Joj:yfM<br />
-!_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt sfod /x]sf ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, k'g/fj]bg cbfnt / lhNnf<br />
cbfntx¿ o;} ;+ljwfg adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] dflgg]5 / of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'g' cl3 bfo/<br />
ePsf d'2fx¿ tt\ tt\ cbfntaf6 lg¿k0f ug{ of] ;+ljwfgn] jfwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .<br />
-@_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePkl5 ;jf{]Rr cbfnt, k'g/fj]bg cbfnt / lhNnf cbfntx¿df axfn<br />
/x]sf GofofwLzx¿n] of] ;+ljwfgk|lt k|ltj4tfsf] zky g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd<br />
u|x0f ug'{ kg]{5 . zky u|x0f ug{ OGsf/ ug]{ GofofwLz :jtM cfˆgf] kbaf6 d'Qm x'g]5 .<br />
-#_ :jtGq, :jR5, lgikIf / ;an Gofokflnsfsf nflu nf]stflGqs d"No dfGotfsf cfwf/df<br />
Gofo If]qnfO{ ;'wf/ ub}{ n}hfg cfjZos sfg"gL Joj:yf ul/g]5 .<br />
253
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
163. Provisions regard<strong>in</strong>g constitutional bodies and officials thereof<br />
(1) The constitutional bodies and officials thereof subsist<strong>in</strong>g at the time of the<br />
commencement of this <strong>Constitution</strong>, but which are not <strong>to</strong> be re-established<br />
under this <strong>Constitution</strong>, shall cease <strong>to</strong> exist after the commencement of this<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
(2) The constitutional bodies subsist<strong>in</strong>g at the time of the commencement of this<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong> shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> have been constituted under this <strong>Constitution</strong>,<br />
and this <strong>Constitution</strong> shall not h<strong>in</strong>der such bodies <strong>in</strong> deal<strong>in</strong>g with matters<br />
under consideration accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the exist<strong>in</strong>g laws. Necessary legal<br />
arrangements shall be made <strong>to</strong> br<strong>in</strong>g about gradual reform <strong>in</strong> the constitutional<br />
bodies and the officials thereof, accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> democratic norms and values.<br />
(3) The subsist<strong>in</strong>g National Human Rights Commission constituted accord<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>to</strong> exist<strong>in</strong>g laws shall cont<strong>in</strong>ue <strong>to</strong> exist until the constitution of a National<br />
Human Rights Commission as provided for <strong>in</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong>, and the<br />
pend<strong>in</strong>g petitions and compla<strong>in</strong>ts shall be transferred <strong>to</strong> the National Human<br />
Rights Commission constituted under this <strong>Constitution</strong>; and the Commission<br />
shall take up such petitions and compla<strong>in</strong>ts <strong>in</strong> accordance with this <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
and the laws made under it.<br />
164. Exist<strong>in</strong>g laws <strong>to</strong> rema<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> operation<br />
(1) Decisions made and work performed by the re<strong>in</strong>stated House of<br />
Representatives that are not <strong>in</strong>consistent with this <strong>Constitution</strong> shall be deemed<br />
<strong>to</strong> have been made and performed <strong>in</strong> accordance with this <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
(2) All the laws <strong>in</strong> force at the time of commencement of this <strong>Constitution</strong> shall<br />
rema<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> operation until repealed or amended.<br />
Provided that laws <strong>in</strong>consistent with this <strong>Constitution</strong> shall, <strong>to</strong> the extent<br />
of <strong>in</strong>consistency, ipso fac<strong>to</strong>, cease <strong>to</strong> operate three months after the<br />
commencement of this <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
254
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
!^#= ;+j}wflgs lgsfo / kbflwsf/Lx¿ ;DaGwL Joj:yfM<br />
-!_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt sfod /x]sf ;+j}wflgs lgsfo / kbflwsf/Lx¿ dWo] o;<br />
;+ljwfgdf pNn]v gul/Psf ;+j}wflgs lgsfo / kbflwsf/Lx¿ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePkl5 sfod<br />
/xg] 5}gg\ .<br />
-@_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt sfod /x]sf ;+j}wflgs lgsfox¿ o;} ;+ljwfg adf]lhd<br />
:yfkgf ePsf] dflgg] 5g\ / k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd tL lgsfox¿df ljrf/fwLg /x]sf ljifox¿nfO{<br />
lg/Gt/tf lbg o; ;+ljwfgn] jfwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g . ;+j}wflgs cË / ltgsf kbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{<br />
nf]stflGqs d"No dfGotf cg'¿k ;'wf/ ub}{ n}hfg cfjZos sfg"gL Joj:yf ul/g]5 .<br />
-#_ of] ;+ljwfg adf]lhd Joj:yf ul/Psf] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u u7g geP;Dd k|rlnt<br />
sfg"g adf]lhd ul7t /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u sfod /xg]5 / o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhdsf]<br />
/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u u7g ePkl5 ;f] cfof]uaf6 km5\of}{6 x'g afFsL /x]sf lgj]bg /<br />
ph'/Lx¿ o; cfof]udf ;g{]5g\ / ;f] cfof]un] To:tf lgj]bg / ph'/Lx¿ pk/ of] ;+ljwfg / o;<br />
cGtu{t ag]sf] sfg"g adf]lhd sf/afxL ug{]5 .<br />
!^$= jt{dfg sfg"g nfu" /xg]M<br />
-!_ k'g:yf{lkt k|ltlglw;efåf/f eP u/]sf lg0f{o / sfd sf/afxL of] ;+ljwfg;Fu gaflemPsf]<br />
xb;Dd o;} ;+ljwfg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5g\ .<br />
-@_ of] ;+ljwfg nfu" x'Fbfsf avt sfod /x]sf sfg"gx¿ vf/]h of ;+zf]wg geP;Dd sfod<br />
/xg]5g\ .<br />
t/ of] ;+ljwfg;Fu aflemPsf] sfg"g of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePsf] tLg dlxgfkl5 aflemPsf]<br />
xb;Dd :jtM cdfGo x'g]5 .<br />
255
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 24<br />
DEFINITIONS<br />
165. Def<strong>in</strong>itions<br />
(1) Unless the subject or context otherwise requires, <strong>in</strong> this <strong>Constitution</strong>:-<br />
a. "Article" means an Article of this <strong>Constitution</strong>;<br />
b. "<strong>Nepal</strong>" means the State of <strong>Nepal</strong>;<br />
c. "citizen" means citizen of <strong>Nepal</strong>;<br />
d. "Bill" means a draft of a <strong>Constitution</strong> or an Act which has been<br />
<strong>in</strong>troduced <strong>in</strong> the Legislature-Parliament or the Constituent Assembly.<br />
e. "remuneration" means and <strong>in</strong>cludes salary, allowances, pension and<br />
any other forms of emoluments.<br />
(2) Unless the subject or context otherwise requires, the prevail<strong>in</strong>g law of <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>terpretation shall, subject <strong>to</strong> the provisions of this <strong>Constitution</strong>,<br />
apply <strong>to</strong> the <strong>in</strong>terpretation of this <strong>Constitution</strong> <strong>in</strong> the same manner as that law<br />
applies <strong>to</strong> the <strong>in</strong>terpretation of the laws of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
256
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu @$<br />
kl/efiff<br />
!^%= kl/efiffM<br />
-!_ ljifo jf k|;Ën] csf{ ] cy{ gnfu]df o; ;+ljwfgdf,–<br />
-s_ æwf/fÆ eGgfn] of] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f ;Demg' k5{ .<br />
-v_ æg]kfnÆ eGgfn] g]kfn /fHo ;Demg' k5{ .<br />
-u_ ægful/sÆ eGgfn] g]kfnsf] gful/s ;Demg' k5{ .<br />
-3_ æljw]osÆ eGgfn] Joj:yflksf–;+;b jf ;+ljwfg ;efdf k]z ePsf] ;+ljwfg jf P]gsf]<br />
d:of}bf ;Demg' k5{ .<br />
-ª_ ækfl/>ldsÆ eGgfn] tna, eQf, lgj[lQe/0f / cGo s'g} lsl;dsf] kfl/>lds tyf<br />
;'ljwf ;d]t ;Demg' k5{ .<br />
-@_ ljifo jf k|;Ën] csf] { cy{ gnfu]df o; ;+ljwfgdf JoQm ePsf s'/fx¿sf] cwLgdf /xL sfg"g<br />
JofVof ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gL Joj:yf g]kfn sfg"gsf] JofVofdf nfu" eP ;/x o; ;+ljwfgsf]<br />
JofVofdf klg nfu" x'g]5 .<br />
257
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
PART 25<br />
SHORT TITLE, COMMENCEMENT<br />
AND ABROGATION<br />
166. Short title and commencement<br />
(1) This <strong>Constitution</strong> shall be called "The Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong>, 2063<br />
[2007]".<br />
(2) This <strong>Constitution</strong> shall be promulgated by the House of Representatives<br />
and be approved by the Legislature-Parliament. The details regard<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
implementation of this <strong>Constitution</strong> shall be as described <strong>in</strong> Schedule 3.<br />
(3) The "Comprehensive Peace Accord" concluded between the Government of<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong> and the Communist Party of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Maoist) on Mangsir 5, 2063<br />
[November 21, 2006], and an agreement relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> "Agreement on the<br />
Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g of the Management of Arms and Armies" reached on Mangsir 22,<br />
2063 [December 8, 2006] are exhibited <strong>in</strong> Schedule 4.<br />
(4) This <strong>Constitution</strong> shall come <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> force from Monday, Magh One of the year<br />
Two Thousand Sixty Three [15 January 2007].<br />
167. Abrogation<br />
The <strong>Constitution</strong> of the K<strong>in</strong>gdom of <strong>Nepal</strong>, 2047 [1990] is hereby abrogated.<br />
258
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
efu @%<br />
;+lIfKt gfd, k|f/De / vf/]hL<br />
!^^= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/DeM<br />
-!_ of] ;+ljwfgnfO{ æg]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#Æ elgg]5 .<br />
-@_ of] ;+ljwfg k|ltlglw;efåf/f hf/L x'g]5 / Joj:yflksf–;+;båf/f cg'df]bg ul/g]5 . o;sf]<br />
sfof{Gjog ;DaGwL lj:t[t Joxf]/f cg';"rL–# df pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
-#_ ldlt @)^# dª\l;/ % ut] g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ aLr ;DkGg …lj:t[t zflGt<br />
;Demf}tfÚ / ldlt @)^# dª\l;/ @@ ut] ;DkGg …xl<strong>to</strong>f/ / ;]gfsf] Joj:yfkgsf] cg'udg ;DaGwL<br />
;Demf}tfÚ cg';"rL–$ df /flvPsf] 5 .<br />
-$_ of] ;+ljwfg ;Djt\ b'O{xhf/ lq;L ;fn df3 dlxgfsf] Ps ut] ;f]daf/b]lv k|f/De x'g]5 .<br />
!^&= vf/]hLM<br />
g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .<br />
259
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
SCHEDULE 1<br />
(Relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> Article 6)<br />
NATIONAL FLAG<br />
(A) Method of Mak<strong>in</strong>g the Shape <strong>in</strong>side the Border<br />
1) On the lower portion of a crimson cloth draw a l<strong>in</strong>e AB of the required length<br />
from left <strong>to</strong> right.<br />
2) From A draw a l<strong>in</strong>e AC perpendicular <strong>to</strong> AB mak<strong>in</strong>g AC equal <strong>to</strong> AB plus<br />
one third AB. From AC mark off D mak<strong>in</strong>g l<strong>in</strong>e AD equal <strong>to</strong> l<strong>in</strong>e AB. Jo<strong>in</strong> BD.<br />
3) From BD mark off E mak<strong>in</strong>g BE equal <strong>to</strong> AB.<br />
4) Touch<strong>in</strong>g E draw a l<strong>in</strong>e FG, start<strong>in</strong>g from the po<strong>in</strong>t F on l<strong>in</strong>e AC, parallel <strong>to</strong><br />
AB <strong>to</strong> the right hand-side. Mark off FG equal <strong>to</strong> AB.<br />
5) Jo<strong>in</strong> CG.<br />
(B) Method of Mak<strong>in</strong>g the Moon<br />
6) From AB mark off AH mak<strong>in</strong>g AH equal <strong>to</strong> one-fourth of l<strong>in</strong>e AB and start<strong>in</strong>g<br />
from H draw a l<strong>in</strong>e HI parallel <strong>to</strong> l<strong>in</strong>e AC <strong>to</strong>uch<strong>in</strong>g l<strong>in</strong>e CG at po<strong>in</strong>t I.<br />
7) Bisect CF at J and draw a l<strong>in</strong>e JK parallel <strong>to</strong> AB <strong>to</strong>uch<strong>in</strong>g CG at po<strong>in</strong>t K.<br />
8) Let L be the po<strong>in</strong>t where l<strong>in</strong>es JK and HI cut one another.<br />
9) Jo<strong>in</strong> JG.<br />
10) Let M be the po<strong>in</strong>t where l<strong>in</strong>e JG and HI cut one another.<br />
11) With centre M and with a distance shortest from M <strong>to</strong> BD mark off N on the<br />
lower portion of l<strong>in</strong>e HI.<br />
260
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
cg';"rL !<br />
-wf/f ^ ;“u ;DalGwt_<br />
/fli6«o em08f<br />
-s_<br />
lsgf/fleqsf] cfsf/ agfpg] tl/sf<br />
-!_ Pp6f l;ld|s /Ësf] /ftf] sk8fdf tNnf] efudf rflxPsf] hlt nDafOsf] /]vf afofFaf6<br />
bflxg]lt/ lvRg] / o;nfO{ s v gfd /fVg] .<br />
-@_ s af6 ;Lwf dfly u ;Dd s v sf] nDafO hltdf s v s} t[tLof+z yKbf hlt x'G5 Tolt<br />
nfdf] x'g] u/L s u /]vf lvRg] . s u df s af6 s v sf] nDafO hlt lnO{ 3 lrGxf] nufpg] . v<br />
/ 3 hf]8\g] .<br />
-#_ v 3 /]vfdf v af6 s v hlt lnO{ ª lrGxf] nfpg] .<br />
-$_ ª x'Fb} s v sf] ;dfgfGt/ kf/]/ s u df kg]{ laGb' r af6 z'? u/L bflxg]lt/ 5 ;Dd s v<br />
sf] nDafO hlt /]vf lvRg] .<br />
-%_ u / 5 nfO{ hf]8\g] .<br />
-v_ rGb| agfpg] tl/sf<br />
-^_ s v sf] rt'yf+{z hlt s af6 bflxg]df h lrGxf] nfpg] / ToxfFaf6 dfly s u sf] ;dfgfGt/<br />
kf/]/ u 5 nfO{ em df 5'g] /]vf lvRg] .<br />
-&_ u r sf] cfwf ` af6 s v sf] ;dfgfGt/ kf/]/ /]vf bfofFlt/ lvrL u 5 nfO{ 6 df 5'g] .<br />
-*_ ` 6 / h em /]vf sfl6Psf] 7fpFdf 7 lrGxf] /fVg] .<br />
-(_ ` / 5 hf]8\g] .<br />
-!)_ ` 5 / h em sfl6Psf] laGb'df 8 lrGxf] nfpg] .<br />
-!!_ 8 nfO{ s]Gb| dfgL v 3 /]vfnfO{ Go"gtd cGt/ kg]{ u/L :kz{ ubf{ x'g] hlt b"/L kg]{ u/L h<br />
em /]vfsf] tNnf] efudf 9 lrGxf] nufpg] .<br />
261
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
12) Touch<strong>in</strong>g M and start<strong>in</strong>g from O, a po<strong>in</strong>t on AC, draw a l<strong>in</strong>e from left <strong>to</strong><br />
right parallel <strong>to</strong> AB.<br />
13) With centre L and radius LN draw a semi-circle on the lower portion and<br />
let P and Q be the po<strong>in</strong>ts where it <strong>to</strong>uches the l<strong>in</strong>e OM respectively.<br />
14) With centre M and radius MQ draw a semi-circle on the lower portion<br />
<strong>to</strong>uch<strong>in</strong>g P and Q.<br />
15) With centre N and radius NM draw an arc <strong>to</strong>uch<strong>in</strong>g PNQ at R and S. Jo<strong>in</strong><br />
RS. Let T be the po<strong>in</strong>t where RS and HI cut one another.<br />
16) With centre T and radius TS draw a semi-circle on the upper portion of<br />
PNQ <strong>to</strong>uch<strong>in</strong>g it at two po<strong>in</strong>ts.<br />
17) With centre T and radius TM draw an arc on the upper portion of PNQ<br />
<strong>to</strong>uch<strong>in</strong>g at two po<strong>in</strong>ts.<br />
18) Eight equal and similar triangles of the moon are <strong>to</strong> be made <strong>in</strong> the space<br />
ly<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>side the semi-circle of No. (16) and outside the arc of No. (17) of this<br />
Schedule.<br />
(C) Method of Mak<strong>in</strong>g the Sun<br />
19) Bisect l<strong>in</strong>e AF at U, and draw a l<strong>in</strong>e UV parallel <strong>to</strong> AB l<strong>in</strong>e <strong>to</strong>uch<strong>in</strong>g l<strong>in</strong>e BE<br />
at V.<br />
20) With centre W, the po<strong>in</strong>t where HI and UV cut one another and radius MN<br />
draw a circle.<br />
21) With centre W and radius LN draw a circle.<br />
22) Twelve equal and similar triangles of the sun are <strong>to</strong> be made <strong>in</strong> the space<br />
enclosed by the circles of No. (20) and No. (21) with the two apexes of two<br />
triangles <strong>to</strong>uch<strong>in</strong>g l<strong>in</strong>e HI.<br />
(D) Method of Mak<strong>in</strong>g the Border<br />
23) The width of the border will be equal <strong>to</strong> the width TN. This will be of deep<br />
blue colour and will be provided on all the sides of the flag. However, on the<br />
five angles of the flag the external angles will be equal <strong>to</strong> the <strong>in</strong>ternal angles.<br />
262
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-!@_ 8 df 5f]O{ s v sf] ;dfgfGt/ /]vf afofFaf6 bfofFlt/ lvRg] / o;n] s u nfO{ 5f]Psf]<br />
ljGb'sf] gfd 0f /fVg] .<br />
-!#_ 7 s]Gb| lnP/ 7 9 Jof;f4{n] tNnf] efudf j[Q v08 lvRg] / 0f 8 af6 uPsf] /]vfnfO{ o;n]<br />
5f]Psf] b'j} 7fpFdf qmdzM t / y gfd /fVg] .<br />
-!$_ 8 nfO{ s]Gb| dfgL 8 y Jof;f4{n] tNnf] efudf cw{ j[Qfsf/ t y nfO{ 5'g] u/L lvRg] .<br />
-!%_ 9 s]Gb| dfgL 9 8 sf] Jof;f4{n] t 9 y j[Q v08sf] b'j}tkm{ 5'g] u/L j[Q v08 lvRg] / o;n]<br />
t 9 y nfO{ 5f]Psf] ljGb'x¿sf] gfd qmdzM b / 9 /fVg] . b w nfO{ hf]8\g] . b 9 / h em<br />
sfl6Psf] ljGb'sf] gfd g /fVg] .<br />
-!^_ g nfO{ s]Gb| dfg]/ Jof;f4{ g w n] t 9 y sf] dflyNnf] efudf b'j} 7fpFdf 5'g] u/L cw{<br />
j[Qfsf/ lvRg] .<br />
-!&_ g nfO{ s]Gb| dfg]/ Jof;f4{ g 8 n] t 9 y sf] dflyNnf] efudf b'j} 7fpFdf 5'g] u/L j[Q v08<br />
lvRg] .<br />
-!*_ of] cg';"rLsf] g+= -!^_ sf] cw{ j[Qfsf/ leq / g+= -!&_ sf] j[Q v08 aflx/ rGb|dfsf]<br />
cf7j6f a/fa/sf sf]0f agfpg] .<br />
-u_<br />
;"o{ agfpg] tl/sf<br />
-!(_ s r sf] cfwf k af6 s v sf] ;dfgfGt/ kf/]/ v ª df 5'g] u/L k km /]vf lvRg] .<br />
-@)_ h em / k km sfl6Psf] laGb' a s]Gb| dfg]/ 8 9 sf] Jof;f4{n] j[Qfsf/ k"/f lvRg] .<br />
-@!_ a nfO{ s]Gb| dfg]/ 7 9 Jof;f4{n] j[Qfsf/ k"/f lvRg] .<br />
-@@_ of] cg';"rLsf] g+= -@)_ sf] j[Qfsf/ aflx/ / of] cg';"rLsf] g+= -@!_ sf] j[Qfsf/leq k/]sf]<br />
uf]n 3]/fsf] aLr efudf ;"o{sf] afx|j6f a/fa/sf sf]0fx¿ b'O{ r'Rrfx¿n] h em /]vfdf 5'g] u/L<br />
agfpg] .<br />
-3_ lsgf/f agfpg] tl/sf<br />
-@#_ g 9 sf] rf}8fO hlt uf9f gLnf] /Ësf] lsgf/f em08fsf] cfsf/sf] aflx/L ;a}lt/sf] ;Ldfdf<br />
yKg], t/ em08fsf] kfFr sf]0fx¿df rflx+ aflx/L sf]0fx¿ klg leq} ;/xsf agfpg] .<br />
263
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
24) The above mentioned border will be provided if the flag is <strong>to</strong> be used with<br />
a rope. On the other hand, if it is <strong>to</strong> be hoisted on a pole, the hole on the border<br />
on the side AC can be extended accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> requirements.<br />
Explanation: - The l<strong>in</strong>es HI, RS, FE, ED, JG, OQ, JK and UV are imag<strong>in</strong>ary.<br />
Similarly, the external and <strong>in</strong>ternal circles of the sun and the other arcs except<br />
the crescent moon are also imag<strong>in</strong>ary. These are not shown on the flag.<br />
264
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-@$_ em08f 8f]/L nufO{ k|of]u u/]df dfly atfOPs} kl§ /fVg] . em08f n6\7Ldf 3';fg]{ xf] eg] s<br />
u kl§ cfjZos k/] hlt lsgf/f rf}8\ofpg] . 8f]/L jf n6\7Lsf] k|of]udf s u sf] kl§df Kjfn<br />
/fVg] .<br />
:ki6Ls/0fM em08f agfpFbf lvlrPsf h em b w, r ª, ª 3, ` 5, 0f y, ` 6 / k km /]vfx¿<br />
slNkt x'g\ . To:t} ;"o{sf aflx/L / leqL j[Qfsf/x¿ tyf v'k]{ rGb| afx]s c? a[Q v08 klg<br />
slNkt x'g\ . lognfO{ v08df b]vfOFb}g .<br />
265
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
*SCHEDULE -1A<br />
(relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> clause 2 of Article 36F and Article 36I )<br />
The oath of office and secrecy <strong>to</strong> be taken by the President and the Vice-president<br />
I(President’s/Vice president’s full name)…………………….., be<strong>in</strong>g fully committed <strong>to</strong> the<br />
people and country solemnly promise/swear before God and hereby take the oath of offices of<br />
the (President/Vice President. By rema<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g faithful <strong>to</strong> the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
2007, which has recognized the sovereign power and the power of the State as be<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>herent<br />
<strong>in</strong> the people of <strong>Nepal</strong>, promis<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> respect the law of land and work for the welfare of the<br />
people and the country, without any fear of anybody and swear<strong>in</strong>g not <strong>to</strong> be biased or<br />
prejudiced nor <strong>to</strong> harbour any bad feel<strong>in</strong>gs <strong>to</strong>wards anybody while perform<strong>in</strong>g the duties of<br />
the office, # I promise <strong>to</strong> carry out my responsibilities faithfully and shall never convey,<br />
expressly or h<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g, any <strong>in</strong>formation acquired dur<strong>in</strong>g my tenure of office or after<br />
leav<strong>in</strong>g office, other than while act<strong>in</strong>g accordance <strong>to</strong> law.<br />
Name, Family name:……………………………….<br />
Date:………………………………… Signature:…………………………………..<br />
*Added on 2065 Jestha 16 (May 29, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2065.<br />
# Amended on 2065 Ashad 28 (July 12, 2008) by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Fifth Amendment) Act, 2065. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally<br />
read: I promise <strong>to</strong> carry out faithfully the responsibilities of the president/vice president <strong>in</strong> accordance with prevail<strong>in</strong>g<br />
laws of the country and <strong>to</strong> ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> the secrecy of the office<br />
266
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
*cg';"rL–!s<br />
-wf/f #^r= wf/f #^em=sf] pkwf/f -@_ ;“u ;DalGwt_<br />
/fi6«klt tyf pk/fi6«kltn] lng] kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zkysf] 9fFrf<br />
d -/fi6«klt÷pk/fi6«kltsf] k"/f gfd_========= ======== ====== === d'n's / hgtfk|lt k"0f{ akmfbf/ /xL<br />
;Tolgi7fk"j{s k|lt1f u5'<br />
{÷O{Zj/sf gfddf zky lnG5' ls g]kfnsf] /fhsLo ;Qf / ;fj{ef}d;Qf g]kfnL<br />
hgtfdf /x]sf] g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# k|lt k"0f{ akmfbf/ /xFb} /fi6««klt÷pk/fi6«klt kbsf]<br />
sfdsfh k|rlnt sfg'gsf] cwLgdf /xL d'n's / hgtfsf] ;f]emf] lrtfO{, s;}sf] 8/ gdfgL, kIfkft<br />
gu/L, k"jf{u|x jf v/fj efjgf glnO{ # OdfGbf/Ltfsf ;fy sfd ug]{5' / cfk\mgf] st{Jo<br />
kfngfsf] l;nl;nfdf cfk"mnfO{ hfgsf/Ldf cfPsf] s'/f d kbdf axfn /xFbf jf g/xFbf<br />
h'g;'s} cj:yfdf klg sfg'gsf] kfngf ubf{ afx]s c? cj:yfdf s'g} lsl;daf6 klg k|s6<br />
jf ;ª\s]t ug]{ 5}g .<br />
gfd, y/M==========================<br />
ldltM=========================== ;xLM=======================<br />
*g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% h]7 !^_ åf/f yk<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ !(_ åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxn] /x]sf] Joj:yfM kbLo uf]kgLotf sfod /fvL<br />
Odfgbfl/tfsf ;fy ug]{5' .<br />
267
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
#<br />
The Schedule- 2 with the name of the members of the Legislature-Parliament has been removed by the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
of <strong>Nepal</strong> (FifthAmendment) Act, 2065.<br />
268
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
#<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -kfFrf} F ;+zf]wg_, @)^% -@)^% c;f/ @*_ åf/f Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf ;b:ox?sf] gfdfjnL ePsf] cg';"rL– @ x6fOPsf]<br />
269
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
SCHEDULE 3<br />
Relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> clause (2) of Article 166<br />
This <strong>Constitution</strong> shall be promulgated by the House of Representatives and be<br />
ratified by the Legislature-Parliament after the beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g of the moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g of arms<br />
and army management <strong>in</strong> accordance with the "Comprehensive Peace Accord"<br />
concluded between the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> and the Communist Party of <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
(Maoist) on Mangsir 22, 2063 [November 21, 2006], and "Agreement on the<br />
Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g of the Management of Arms and Armies" reached on Mangsir 5, 2063<br />
[8 November 2006].<br />
270
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
cg';"rL #<br />
-wf/f !^^ sf] pkwf/f -@_ ;“u ;DalGwt_<br />
ldlt @)^# ;fn dª\l;/ % ut] g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ aLr ;DkGg …lj:t[t zflGt<br />
;Demf}tfÚ / ldlt @)^# ;fn dª\l;/ @@ ut] ;DkGg …xl<strong>to</strong>f/ tyf ;]gfsf] Joj:yfkgsf] cg'udg<br />
;DaGwL ;Demf}tfÚ adf]lhd xl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] Joj:yfkg / cg'udg ;'? ePkl5 k|ltlglw;efåf/f of] ;+ljwfg<br />
hf/L x'g]5 / cGtl/d Joj:yflksf–;+;båf/f cg'df]bg x'g]5 .<br />
271
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
SCHEDULE 4<br />
(Relat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> Clause (3) of Article 166)<br />
COMPREHENSIVE PEACE ACCORD<br />
CONCLUDED BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF<br />
NEPAL AND THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF<br />
NEPAL (MAOIST)<br />
Preamble<br />
Respect<strong>in</strong>g the people's mandate expressed <strong>in</strong> favour of democracy, peace and<br />
progress by the <strong>Nepal</strong>i people through the his<strong>to</strong>ric struggles and people's<br />
movement, launched from time <strong>to</strong> time, s<strong>in</strong>ce prior <strong>to</strong> 1950 <strong>to</strong> till now,<br />
Reaffirm<strong>in</strong>g full commitment <strong>to</strong>wards the 12-po<strong>in</strong>ts Understand<strong>in</strong>g, the 8-po<strong>in</strong>ts<br />
Agreement reached between the Seven Political Parties and the Communist<br />
Party of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Maoist), the 25-po<strong>in</strong>ts Code of Conduct agreed between the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> and the CPN (Maoist), the decisions of the meet<strong>in</strong>g of<br />
high level leaders of the Seven Political Parties and the CPN (Maoist) held on<br />
November 8, 2006 <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g all agreements, understand<strong>in</strong>gs, code of conducts<br />
concluded between the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> and the CPN (Maoist), and<br />
correspondence of similar view po<strong>in</strong>t sent <strong>to</strong> the United Nations Organisation,<br />
Express<strong>in</strong>g determ<strong>in</strong>ation <strong>to</strong> carry out a progressive restructur<strong>in</strong>g of the state <strong>to</strong><br />
resolve the exist<strong>in</strong>g problems based on class, caste, region and gender,<br />
Reiterat<strong>in</strong>g the commitment <strong>to</strong>wards the competitive multiparty democratic<br />
system of governance, civil liberty, fundamental rights, human rights, full press<br />
freedom and concept of rule of law <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g democratic values and norms,<br />
Rema<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g committed <strong>to</strong> the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948<br />
and <strong>in</strong>ternational humanitarian laws and basic pr<strong>in</strong>ciples and values relat<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>to</strong> human rights,<br />
272
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
cg';"rL $<br />
-wf/f !^^ sf] pkwf/f -#_ ;“u ;DalGwt_<br />
g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{<br />
-dfcf]jfbL_ aLr ePsf] lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tf<br />
k|:tfjgf<br />
g]kfnL hgtfn] @))& ;fn klxn]b]lv xfn;Dd k6s k6s ub}{ cfPsf P]ltxfl;s ;+3if{ /<br />
hgcfGbf]ng dfk{mt\ nf]stGq, zflGt / cu|udgsf kIfdf k|s6 ePsf] hgfb]zsf] ;Ddfg ub}{,<br />
;ft /fhgLlts bn / g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ aLr ;DkGg !@ a'Fb] ;dembf/L, * a'Fb] ;xdlt, g]kfn<br />
;/sf/ / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ aLr ;DkGg @% a'Fb] cfrf/;+lxtf, @)^# ;fn sflt{s @@ ut] ;ft<br />
/fhgLlts bn / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf zLif{ g]tfx?sf] a}7ssf lg0f{ox? nufot g]kfn ;/sf/ /<br />
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ aLr ;DkGg ;a} ;Demf}tf, ;xdlt, cfrf/;+lxtf / ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3nfO{ k| ]lift<br />
;dfg wf/0ffsf] kqfrf/k|lt k"0f{ k|ltj4tfsf] k'gk'{li6 ub}{,<br />
b]zdf ljBdfg juL{o, hftLo, If]qLo, n} +lus ;d:ofx?nfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ /fHosf] cu|ufdL k'g{;+/rgf<br />
ug] { ;+sNk ub} {,<br />
k|ltikwf{Tds ax'bnLo nf]stflGqs zf;g Joj:yf, gful/s :jtGqtf, df}lns clwsf/, dfgj<br />
clwsf/, k"0f{ k|]; :jtGqtf tyf sfg"gL /fHosf] cjwf/0ff nufot nf]stflGqs d"NodfGotf<br />
k|ltsf] k"0f{ k|ltj4tfnfO{ bf]xf]¥ofpb},<br />
dfgj clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkq, !($* tyf cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg'g tyf dfgj<br />
clwsf/ ;DaGwL cfwf/e"t l;4fGt / dfGotfx?k|lt k|ltj4 /xFb},<br />
273
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Guarantee<strong>in</strong>g the fundamental rights of the <strong>Nepal</strong>i People <strong>to</strong> participate <strong>in</strong> the<br />
elections of the Constituent Assembly <strong>in</strong> a free, impartial and fearless<br />
environment,<br />
Keep<strong>in</strong>g democracy, peace, prosperity, progressive socio-economic change and<br />
freedom, <strong>in</strong>tegrity, sovereignty and dignity of the country at the center,<br />
Express<strong>in</strong>g determ<strong>in</strong>ation <strong>to</strong> implement the commitment <strong>to</strong> hold<strong>in</strong>g an election<br />
<strong>to</strong> the Constituent Assembly <strong>in</strong> a free and impartial manner by June 14, 2007,<br />
Declar<strong>in</strong>g the beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g of a new chapter of peaceful collaboration by end<strong>in</strong>g<br />
the armed conflict that existed <strong>in</strong> the country s<strong>in</strong>ce 1995, on the basis of the<br />
political understand<strong>in</strong>g reached between both parties <strong>in</strong> order <strong>to</strong> fulfill the<br />
guarantee of sovereignty of the <strong>Nepal</strong>i people, progressive political outlet<br />
[solution], democratic restructur<strong>in</strong>g of the state and socio-economic and<br />
cultural transformation through the Constituent Assembly,<br />
Now, therefore, this Comprehensive Peace Accord has been concluded between<br />
the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> and CPN (Maoist) with a commitment <strong>to</strong> transform<br />
the ceasefire reached between the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> and CPN (Maoist) <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong><br />
a long term peace.<br />
1. Prelim<strong>in</strong>ary<br />
1.1. This Accord shall be referred as the "Comprehensive Peace Accord, 2006."<br />
In short, the Accord shall be referred as Peace Accord.<br />
1.2. The Accord shall come <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> force from <strong>to</strong>day through a public declaration<br />
of the Government side and the Maoist side.<br />
1.3. Both sides shall issue necessary directives <strong>to</strong> all the agencies under them <strong>to</strong><br />
immediately implement and abide by this Accord and, shall implement or<br />
cause it <strong>to</strong> be implemented.<br />
1.4. All the agreements, understand<strong>in</strong>gs, code of conducts and decisions reached<br />
between the Seven Political Parties, the Government and the Maoist sides<br />
attached as an annex shall be deemed <strong>to</strong> be an <strong>in</strong>tegral part of this Accord.<br />
1.5. The understand<strong>in</strong>gs and agreements <strong>to</strong> be reached <strong>in</strong> future as per necessary<br />
for the implementation of this Accord shall also be deemed <strong>to</strong> be a part of this<br />
Accord.<br />
274
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
:jtGq, lgikIf / eod'Qm jftfj/0fdf ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rgdf ;xefuL x'g kfpg] g]kfnL<br />
hgtfsf] cfwf/e"t clwsf/sf] k|Tofe"lt ub}{,<br />
nf]stGq, zflGt, ;d[l4, cu|ufdL cfly{s–;fdflhs kl/jt{g tyf b]zsf] :jtGqtf, cv08tf,<br />
;fj{ef}ldstf / :jfledfgnfO{ s]Gb|df /fVb},<br />
@)^$ ;fn h]7 dlxgfleq :jtGq / lgikIf ?kn] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg ug] { k|ltj4tfnfO{<br />
sfof{Gjog ug]{ b[9tf JoQm ub}{,<br />
;+ljwfg ;efdfkm{t\ g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] ;'lglZrttf, cu|ufdL /fhgLlts lgsf;,<br />
/fHosf] nf]stflGqs k'g;{+/rgf / cfly{s–;fdflhs–;f+:s[lts ?kfGt/0f ug{ b'j} kIfaLr ePsf]<br />
/fhgLlts ;xdltsf cfwf/df b]zdf @)%@ ;fnb]lv rNb} cfPsf] ;z:q åGånfO{ cGTo u/L<br />
zflGtk"0f{ ;xsfo{sf] gofF cWofo k|f/De ePsf] 3f]if0ff ub}{,<br />
g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf aLr ePsf] o'4lj/fdnfO{ bL3{sfnLg zflGtdf kl/0ft ug]{<br />
k|ltj4tfsf;fy g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf aLr of] lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tf ;DkGg<br />
ul/Psf] 5 .<br />
!= k|f/lDes<br />
!=! o; ;Demf}tfsf] gfd ælj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tf, @)^#Æ /x]sf 5 . 5f]6s/Ldf o; ;Demf}tfnfO{<br />
zflGt ;Demf}tf elgg] 5 .<br />
!=@ of] ;Demf}tf ;/sf/ kIf / dfcf]jfbL kIfsf] ;fj{hlgs 3f]if0ff dfkm{t\ cfh}sf ldltb]lv nfu"<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
!=# b'j} kIfn] cf–cfˆgf] dftxtsf ;a} lgsfonfO{ of] ;Demf}tf tTsfn sfof{Gjog tyf kfngf ug{<br />
cfjZos lgb]{zg hf/L ug]{5g\ / sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/fpg] 5g\ .<br />
!=$ cg';"rLdf ;ª\nUg ;ft /fhgLlts bn, ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbL kIfaLr ePsf ;a} ;xdlt,<br />
;dembf/L, cfrf/;+lxtf / lg0f{ox? o; ;Demf}tfsf] cleGg cË dflgg] 5g\ .<br />
!=% of] ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ug{ cfjZostf cg';f/ kl5 ul/g] ;xdlt / ;Demf}tfx? Klg o;}sf<br />
c+u dflgg] 5g\ .<br />
275
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
2. Def<strong>in</strong>itions: Unless the subject or context otherwise requires, <strong>in</strong> this<br />
Accord<br />
(a) "Ceasefire" means the act <strong>to</strong> prohibit all terms of attack, kidnapp<strong>in</strong>g, act of<br />
disappearance, detention, mobilization, strengthen<strong>in</strong>g, aggression and violent<br />
activities of armed of forces and the activities spread<strong>in</strong>g destruction, <strong>in</strong>citement<br />
and <strong>in</strong>stigation <strong>in</strong> the society through whatsoever means carried out between<br />
the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> and the CPN (Maoist) by aim<strong>in</strong>g at each other.<br />
(b) "Interim <strong>Constitution</strong>" means the "Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong>, 2007" <strong>to</strong><br />
be promulgated for the period until a new constitution is drafted and<br />
promulgated by the Constituent Assembly.<br />
(c) "Interim Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters" means the Interim Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters <strong>to</strong> be<br />
constituted under the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong>.<br />
(d) "Both sides" mean the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> side and the Communist Party<br />
of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Maoist) side.<br />
(e) "Law <strong>in</strong> Force" means the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> of <strong>Nepal</strong>, 2007 and the<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong> laws <strong>in</strong> force that are not <strong>in</strong>consistent with it. Provided that this def<strong>in</strong>ition<br />
shall not obstruct the legal provisions that existed before the promulgation of<br />
the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong> 2007.<br />
(f) "Verification" means the matter of preparation of exact record after<br />
verification of army, combatants and arms by the United Nations Organization.<br />
3. Political-Economic-Social Transformation and Conflict Management<br />
Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> adopt the follow<strong>in</strong>g policies and programmes for the political,<br />
economic and social transformation and <strong>to</strong> manage the exist<strong>in</strong>g conflict <strong>in</strong> the country<br />
<strong>in</strong> a positive manner.<br />
3.1. To ensure progressive political, economic and social transformation <strong>in</strong> the<br />
country on the basis of the decisions reached at the meet<strong>in</strong>g of high level leaders<br />
of Seven Political Parties and CPN (Maoist) on November 8, 2006.<br />
3.2. To constitute an Interim Legislature-Parliament on the basis of the Interim<br />
<strong>Constitution</strong>, and <strong>to</strong> hold an election of the Constituent Assembly <strong>in</strong> a free and<br />
impartial manner by the Interim Government by June 14, 2007 and <strong>to</strong> ensure<br />
practically the sovereignty vested <strong>in</strong> the <strong>Nepal</strong>i people.<br />
276
]<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
@= kl/efiffM ljifo jf k|;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; ;Demf}tfdf M–<br />
-s_ æo'4lj/fdÆ eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ aLr Ps csf{nfO{ nlIft u/L<br />
ul/g] ;a} k|sf/sf cfqmd0f, ckx/0f, a]kQf, y'g5]s, ;z:q anx?sf] kl/rfng, ;'b[9Ls/0f,<br />
cfqmfds Pj+ lx+;fTds sf/jfxL tyf h'g;'s} dfWodaf6 ;dfhdf ljWj+z km}nfpg], pQ]lht kfg{<br />
Pjd\ e8\sfpg] lqmofsnfk lgif]w ug] { sfo{nfO{ hgfpF5 .<br />
-v_ æcGtl/d ;+ljwfgÆ eGgfn] ;+ljwfg ;efåf/f gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f eO{ nfu" geP;Ddsf] nflu<br />
hf/L ul/g] æg]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^#Æ nfO{ hgfpF5 .<br />
-u_ æcGtl/d dlGqkl/ifb\Æ eGgfn] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg adf]lhd u7g x'g] æcGtl/d dGqLkl/ifb\Æ<br />
nfO{ hgfpF5 .<br />
-3_ æb'j} kIfÆ eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/ kIf / g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ kIfnfO{ hgfpF5 .<br />
-ª_ æk|rlnt sfg'gÆ eGgfn] g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# / o;;Fu gaflemPsf k|rlnt<br />
g]kfn sfg'gnfO{ hgfpF5 . t/ o; kl/efiffn] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# hf/L x'g' cl3sf] sfg'gL<br />
Joj:yfnfO{ jfwf k'¥ofpg] 5}g .<br />
-r_ æk|df0fLs/0fÆ eGgfn] ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3n] ;]gf, n8fs' / xl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] k|df0fLs/0f u/L oyfy{<br />
nut <strong>to</strong>f/ kfg]{ ljifonfO{ hgfpF5 .<br />
#= /fhgLlts –cfly{s– ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0f / åGå Joj:yfkg M<br />
b'j} kIf b]xfoadf]lhd /fhgLlts–cfly{s– ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0fsf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd cjnDag ug{ /<br />
b]zdf ljBdfg åGåsf] ;sf/fTds 9Ën] Joj:yfkg ug{ ;xdt 5g\ M<br />
#=!= @)^# sflt{s @@ ut] ;DkGg ;ft bn / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf zLif{ g]tfx?sf] a}7ssf<br />
lg0f{ox? -cg';"rL–^_ sf cfwf/df b]zdf cu|ufdL /fhgLlts, cfly{s / ;fdflhs kl/jt{g<br />
;'lglZrt ug]{ .<br />
#=@ cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf cfwf/df cGtl/d Joj:yflksf–;+;b u7g ug]{ / cGtl/d ;/sf/åf/f<br />
cfufdL @)^$ h]7 dlxgfleq :jtGq / lgikIf ?kdf ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg ug]{ /<br />
g]kfnL hgtfdf cGt/lglxt ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] Jojxfl/s k|Tofe"lt ug] { .<br />
277
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
3.3. No powers <strong>to</strong> rule the country shall be vested <strong>in</strong> the K<strong>in</strong>g. The properties of<br />
late K<strong>in</strong>g Birendra, late Queen Aishwarya and their family shall be transferred<br />
<strong>to</strong> the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> and be utilized for the national <strong>in</strong>terest by form<strong>in</strong>g<br />
a trust. All properties (like the palaces located <strong>in</strong> different places, forest and<br />
parks, heritages of his<strong>to</strong>rical and archeological importance etc.) acquired by<br />
K<strong>in</strong>g Gyanendra <strong>in</strong> that capacity shall be nationalized. Matter whether or not<br />
<strong>to</strong> ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> the <strong>in</strong>stitution of monarchy shall be decided by a simple majority<br />
<strong>in</strong> the first meet<strong>in</strong>g of the Constituent Assembly.<br />
3.4. To adopt a political system that fully abides by the universally accepted<br />
concepts of fundamental human rights, multiparty competitive democratic<br />
system, sovereignty vested <strong>in</strong> the people and supremacy of the people,<br />
constitutional checks and balances, rule of law, social justice and equality,<br />
<strong>in</strong>dependent judiciary, periodic elections, moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g by the civil society,<br />
complete press freedom, people's right <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>formation, transparency and<br />
accountability <strong>in</strong> the activities of political parties, people's participation,<br />
impartial, competent, and fair bureaucracy and <strong>to</strong> ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> good governance<br />
by end<strong>in</strong>g corruption and impunity.<br />
3.5. To carry out an <strong>in</strong>clusive, democratic and progressive restructur<strong>in</strong>g of the<br />
State by elim<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g the current centralized and unitary form of the State <strong>in</strong><br />
order <strong>to</strong> address problems related <strong>to</strong> women, Dalit, <strong>in</strong>digenous ethnic [Adivasi<br />
Janajati] people, Madhesi, oppressed, neglected and m<strong>in</strong>ority communities<br />
and backward regions by end<strong>in</strong>g discrim<strong>in</strong>ation based on class, caste,<br />
language, gender, culture, religion and region.<br />
3.6. To decide, through mutual agreement, a m<strong>in</strong>imum common programme<br />
for the socio-economic transformation that ends all forms of feudalism and <strong>to</strong><br />
implement it gradually.<br />
3.7. To adopt a policy <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>troduce a scientific land reform programme by<br />
end<strong>in</strong>g feudal land ownership.<br />
3.8. To follow a policy <strong>to</strong> protect and promote the national <strong>in</strong>dustries and<br />
resources.<br />
3.9. To adopt a policy <strong>to</strong> establish the rights of all citizens <strong>to</strong> education, health,<br />
hous<strong>in</strong>g, employment and food sovereignty.<br />
278
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
#=# d'n'ssf] zf;g Joj:yf ;DaGwL s'g} klg clwsf/ /fhfdf g/xg] . :juL{o /fhf jL/]Gb|, /fgL<br />
P]Zjo{ / lghx?sf kl/jf/sf] ;DklQ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] dftxtdf NofO{ 6«i6 agfP/ /fi6«lxtdf<br />
k|of]u ug]{ . /fhfsf] x}l;otn] /fhf 1fg]Gb|nfO{ k|fKt ePsf ;a} ;DklQx? -h:t} ljleGg :yfgsf<br />
b/af/x?, jg tyf lgs'~hx?, P]ltxfl;s / k'/ftflTjs dxTjsf ;Dkbfx? cflb_ /fli6«os/0f<br />
ug]{ . /fh;+:yf sfod /fVg] of g/fVg]af/] ;+ljwfg;efsf] klxnf] a}7såf/f ;fwf/0f ax'dtn] 6'+uf]<br />
nufpg] .<br />
#=$ ljZjJofkL ?kdf :jLs[t cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/, ax'bnLo k|lt:kwf{Tds nf]stflGqs<br />
k|0ffnL, hgtfdf lglxt ;fj{ef}d;Qf / hgtfsf] ;jf] {Rrtf, ;+j}wflgs ;Gt'ng / lgoGq0f, ljlwsf]<br />
zf;g, ;fdflhs Gofo / ;dfgtf, :jtGq Gofokflnsf, cfjlws lgjf{rg, gful/s ;dfhsf]<br />
cg'udg, k"0f{ k|]; :jtGqtf, hgtfsf] ;"rgfsf] clwsf/, /fhgLlts bnx?sf lqmofsnfkx?df<br />
kf/blz{tf / hjfkmb]xLtf, hg;xeflutf, lgikIf, ;Ifd tyf :jR5 k|zf;gtGqsf cjwf/0ffx?sf]<br />
k"0f{ kl/kfngf ug]{ /fhgLlts k|0ffnL cjnDag ug]{ .<br />
#=% juL{o, hftLo, eflifs, n}lËs, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s / If]qLo e]befjsf] cGTo ub} { dlxnf, blnt,<br />
cflbjf;L hghflt, dw]zL, pTkLl8t, pk]lIft / cNk;ª\Vos ;d'bfo, lk5l8Psf If]q nufotsf<br />
;d:ofx?nfO{ ;Djf]wg ug{ /fHosf] jt{dfg s]Gb|Ls[t / PsfTds 9fFrfsf] cGTo u/L /fHosf]<br />
;dfj]zL, nf]stflGqs / cu|ufdL k'g;{/rgf ug]{ .<br />
#=^ ;fdGtjfbsf ;a} ?kx?sf] cGTo ug]{ cfly{s ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0fsf] Go"gtd ;femf sfo{s|d<br />
cfk;L ;xdltn] <strong>to</strong> u/]/ nfu" ub}{ hfg] .<br />
#=& ;fdGtL e":jfldTjsf] cGTo ub}{ j}1flgs e"ld;'wf/ sfo{s|d nfu" ug]{ gLlt cjnDjg ug]{ .<br />
#=* /fli6«o pBf]uwGbf / ;fwg;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f / k|jw{g ug]{ gLlt cg';/0f ug]{ .<br />
#=( lzIff, :jf:Yo, cfjf;, /f]huf/L / vfB ;'/Iffdf ;a} gful/ssf] clwsf/ :yflkt ug]{ gLlt<br />
lng] .<br />
279
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
3.10. To adopt a policy <strong>to</strong> provide land and other economic and social security<br />
<strong>to</strong> the economically backward classes <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g landless, bonded labours<br />
[kamaiyas], tillers[haliyas] pas<strong>to</strong>ral farmers [farm labourers and shepherds]<br />
[haruwa charuwa].<br />
3.11. To adopt a policy of severe punishment <strong>to</strong> any person who acquires<br />
unjust wealth through corruption while hold<strong>in</strong>g a government office of profit.<br />
3.12. To build a common development concept for socio-economic<br />
transformation and justice as well as <strong>to</strong> rapidly develop the country and make<br />
it economically prosperous.<br />
3.13. To ensure the professional [occupational] rights of the labourers and follow<br />
a policy for massive <strong>in</strong>crease <strong>in</strong> employment and <strong>in</strong>come generation opportunities<br />
by <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>vestment <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>dustries, trade, export promotion etc.<br />
4. Management of Armies and Arms<br />
In order <strong>to</strong> hold the election of the Constituent Assembly <strong>in</strong> a peaceful, impartial<br />
environment, free of fear, and for the democratization and restructur<strong>in</strong>g of the army,<br />
<strong>to</strong> carry out the follow<strong>in</strong>g tasks <strong>in</strong> accordance with the 12-po<strong>in</strong>ts understand<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
eight-po<strong>in</strong>ts agreement and 25-po<strong>in</strong>ts code of conduct concluded <strong>in</strong> the past, the<br />
five-po<strong>in</strong>ts letter sent <strong>to</strong> the United Nations and the decision taken <strong>in</strong> the meet<strong>in</strong>g of<br />
high level leaders held on November 8, 2006.<br />
Regard<strong>in</strong>g the Maoist Army<br />
4.1. As per the commitment expressed <strong>in</strong> the letter sent <strong>to</strong> the United Nations on<br />
behalf of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> and the CPN (Maoist) on August 9, 2006,<br />
combatants of the Maoist army shall be conf<strong>in</strong>ed with<strong>in</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g temporary<br />
can<strong>to</strong>nments <strong>in</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g places. They shall be verified and moni<strong>to</strong>red by<br />
the United Nations.<br />
The ma<strong>in</strong> can<strong>to</strong>nments shall be located <strong>in</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g places<br />
1. Kailali<br />
2. Surkhet<br />
3. Rolpa<br />
4. Nawalparasi<br />
5. Chitwan<br />
6. S<strong>in</strong>dhuli<br />
7. Ilam<br />
The sub-can<strong>to</strong>nments around the ma<strong>in</strong> can<strong>to</strong>nments shall be located at the rate of<br />
three each.<br />
280
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
#=!) ;'s'Djf;L, sd}of, xlnof, x/jfr/jf nufotsf cfly{s ;fdflhs ?kn] k5fl8 k/]sf<br />
ju{nfO{ hUuf nufot cfly{s ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf ug]{ gLlt lng] .<br />
#=!! ;/sf/L nfesf] kbdf /x]/ e|i6frf/ u/L cs"t ;DklQ cfh{g ug]{x? pk/ s8f sfjf{xL u/L<br />
bl08t ug]{ gLlt lng] .<br />
#=!@ b]zsf] cfly{s–;fdflhs ?kfGt/0f Pj+ Gofosf ;fy} b]znfO{ l56f] ;d'Ggt / cfly{s ?kn]<br />
;d[4zfnL agfpg Ps ;femf ljsf; cjwf/0ff lgdf{0f ug] { .<br />
#=!# >ldssf k]zfut clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttf ub}{ pBf]uwGbf, Jofkf/, lgof{t k|jw{g cflbsf<br />
nflu nufgL j[l4 u/L /f]huf/L Pj+ cfo cfh{gsf cj;/x?sf] Jofks j[l4 ug]{ gLlt cg';/0f<br />
ug] { .<br />
$= ;]gf / xl<strong>to</strong>f/ Joj:yfkg<br />
;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rgnfO{ zflGtk"0f{, lgikIf / eo/lxt jftfj/0fdf ;DkGg ug{ / ;]gfsf] nf]stflGqs/0f<br />
tyf k'g;{+/rgf ug{ ljutdf ePsf afx« a'Fb] ;dembf/L, cf7 a'Fb] ;xdlt, kRrL; a'Fb] cfrf/;+lxtf,<br />
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3nfO{ k7fOPsf] kfFr a'Fb] kq / sflt{s @@ ut] ;DkGg zLif{ g]tfx?sf] a}7ssf lg0f{ox?<br />
cg'?k lgDg sfdx? ug] { –<br />
Dffcf]jfbL ;]gfsf] ;DaGwdf –<br />
$=!= @)^# ;fn ;fpg @$ ut] g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] tk{maf6 ;+o'Qm /fi6«<br />
;+3nfO{ k7fOPsf] kqdf JoQm k|ltj4tf cg';f/ dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'x? (Combatants) lgDg<br />
lnlvt :yfgx?df c:yfoL lzlj/x? (Can<strong>to</strong>nments) df ;Lldt /xg] . ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3åf/f pgLx?sf]<br />
k|df0fLs/0f / cg'udg ug]{ .<br />
d'Vo lzlj/x? lgDg :yfgx?df /xg]5g\ M<br />
!= s}nfnL<br />
@= ;'v] {t<br />
#= /f]Nkf<br />
$= gjnk/f;L<br />
%= lrtjg<br />
^= l;Gw'nL<br />
&= Onfd<br />
d'Vo lzlj/x? jl/kl/ #÷# j6fsf b/n] ;xfos lzlj/x? /xg]5g\ .<br />
281
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
4.2. After conf<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g the Maoist combatants with<strong>in</strong> the can<strong>to</strong>nments, all arms<br />
and ammunition except those required for the security of the can<strong>to</strong>nments<br />
shall be securely s<strong>to</strong>red <strong>in</strong> the can<strong>to</strong>nment itself and the key shall be kept by the<br />
concerned party after <strong>in</strong>stall<strong>in</strong>g a s<strong>in</strong>gle lock. In the process of <strong>in</strong>stall<strong>in</strong>g such a<br />
lock, a device with a siren for the moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g by the United Nations for its<br />
record shall be assembled. While carry<strong>in</strong>g out the necessary <strong>in</strong>spection of the<br />
s<strong>to</strong>red arms, the United Nations shall do it <strong>in</strong> the presence of the concerned<br />
party. Other technical details related <strong>to</strong> this process along with the camera<br />
moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g shall be prepared through an agreement between the United<br />
Nations, CPN (Maoist) and the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
4.3. When the Maoist combatants stay <strong>in</strong> the temporary can<strong>to</strong>nments, the<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> shall provide ration supplies and other necessary<br />
arrangements.<br />
4.4. The Interim Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters shall work <strong>to</strong> supervise, <strong>in</strong>tegrate and<br />
rehabilitate the Maoist combatants.<br />
4.5. Security provisions for the Maoist leaders shall be made through the<br />
understand<strong>in</strong>g with the Government.<br />
Regard<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army-<br />
4.6. The <strong>Nepal</strong> Army shall be conf<strong>in</strong>ed with<strong>in</strong> the barracks as per the commitment<br />
expressed <strong>in</strong> the letter sent <strong>to</strong> the United Nations. It shall be guaranteed that<br />
their arms are not used for or aga<strong>in</strong>st any one. The <strong>Nepal</strong> Army shall also s<strong>to</strong>re<br />
their arms <strong>in</strong> equal numbers as that of the Maoists and it shall be sealed with a<br />
s<strong>in</strong>gle-lock and the key shall be kept by the concerned party. In the process of<br />
<strong>in</strong>stall<strong>in</strong>g the lock, a device shall be used along with a siren for its record for<br />
moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g by the United Nations. While carry<strong>in</strong>g out the necessary <strong>in</strong>spection<br />
of the s<strong>to</strong>red arms, the United Nations shall do it <strong>in</strong> the presence of the concerned<br />
party. Other technical details related <strong>to</strong> this process along with camera<br />
moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g shall be prepared through an agreement between the United<br />
Nations, the CPN (Maoist) and the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
282
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
$=@= dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'x? lzlj/df /x]kl5 lzlj/sf] ;'/Iffy{ rflxg] xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/ / uf]nLuf<br />
jfx]s cGo ;a} xl<strong>to</strong>f/x? lzlj/leq} ;'/lIft e08f/0f ug]{ / Psn tfNrf nufO{ rfjL ;DalGwt<br />
kIfn] g} /fVg] . ;f] tfNrf nufpg] k|lqmofdf ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] lgu/fgLsf nflu p;sf] /]s8{,<br />
;fO/g ;lxtsf] ;+oGq (Device) ;lDdlnt ug] { . e08f/0f ul/Psf xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/x?sf] cfjZos hfFr<br />
ug'{ kbf{ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3n] ;DalGwt kIfsf] /f]xj/df ug]{ . Sofd/f cg'udg nufot o;<br />
;DaGwsf cGo lj:t[t k|fljlws ljj/0f ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3, g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ / g]kfn ;/sf/sf<br />
;xdltn] <strong>to</strong>f/ ug]{ .<br />
$=#= dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'x? c:yfoL lzlj/df al;;s]kl5 pgLx?sf] /;bkfgL nufot cGo<br />
cfjZos Joj:yf g]kfn ;/sf/n] ug]{ .<br />
$=$ dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'x?sf] /]vb]v, ;dfof]hg / k'g:yf{kgf lglDt cGtl/d dGqLkl/ifb\n]<br />
ljz]if sld6L agfP/ sfd ug]{ .<br />
$=% dfcf]jfbL g]tfx?sf] ;'/Iff Joj:yf ;/sf/;Fusf] ;xdltn] ug]{ .<br />
g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;DaGwdf –<br />
$=^ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3nfO{ k|]lift kqdf JoQm k|ltj4tf cg';f/ g]kfnL ;]gf Aof/]sleq ;Lldt<br />
/xg] . p;sf xl<strong>to</strong>f/x? s;}sf] klg kIf of ljkIfdf k|of]u gx'g] s'/fsf] k|Tofe"lt ug] { . dfcf]jfbL<br />
;]gfsf tk{maf6 e08f/0f ePsf xl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] a/fa/L ;+Vofdf g]kfnL ;]gfn] klg cfˆgf xl<strong>to</strong>f/x?<br />
;'/lIft e08f/0f ug]{ / Psn tfNrf nufO{ rfjL ;DjlGwt kIfn] g} /fVg] . ;f] tfNrf nufpg]<br />
k|lqmofdf ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] lgu/fgLsf] nflu p;sf] /]s8{, ;fO/g ;lxtsf] ;+oGq (Device)<br />
;lDdlnt ug]{ . e08f/0f ul/Psf xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/x?sf] cfjZos hfFr ug'{ kbf{ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3n]<br />
;DalGwt kIfsf] /f]xj/df ug]{ . Sofd/f cg'udg nufot o; ;DaGwsf cGo lj:t[t k|fljlws<br />
ljj/0f ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3, g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf] ;xdltn] <strong>to</strong>f/ ug]{ .<br />
283
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
4.7. The control, mobilization and management of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army shall be<br />
done by the Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters <strong>in</strong> accordance with the newly enacted Military<br />
Act. The Interim Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters shall prepare and implement a detailed<br />
action plan for the democratization of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army hav<strong>in</strong>g also taken<br />
suggestions from the concerned committee of the Interim Legislature. Under<br />
this scheme activities like determ<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g appropriate number of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army,<br />
its democratic structure and national and <strong>in</strong>clusive character, shall be developed<br />
and the army shall be based on democratic and human rights values and other<br />
related works shall also be performed.<br />
4.8. The <strong>Nepal</strong> Army shall cont<strong>in</strong>ue <strong>to</strong> perform functions like border security,<br />
security of the conservation areas, protection of parks, banks, airports, power<br />
houses, telephone <strong>to</strong>wers, central secretariat and security of very important<br />
persons.<br />
5. Ceasefire<br />
5.1. Term<strong>in</strong>ation of military action and armed mobilization<br />
5.1.1. Both sides express their commitments not <strong>to</strong> carry out the follow<strong>in</strong>g<br />
activities -<br />
a.) An act of us<strong>in</strong>g any type of arms and weapons targeted aga<strong>in</strong>st each<br />
other <strong>in</strong> direct or <strong>in</strong>direct way or any attack;<br />
b.) Search<strong>in</strong>g or confiscat<strong>in</strong>g weapons belong<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> either side with or<br />
without weapons at the place where the arms have been s<strong>to</strong>red as per<br />
the understand<strong>in</strong>g reached between the two sides;<br />
c.) An act of hurt<strong>in</strong>g and exert<strong>in</strong>g mental pressure on any person;<br />
d.) An act of sett<strong>in</strong>g up ambush target<strong>in</strong>g each other;<br />
e.) Murder and violent activities;<br />
f.) An act of kidnapp<strong>in</strong>g/arrest/detention/disappearance;<br />
g.) Damag<strong>in</strong>g public/private/government or military property;<br />
h.) Aerial attack or bombardment;<br />
i.) An act of land m<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g and sabotage;<br />
j.) An act of spy<strong>in</strong>g on military activities of each other.<br />
284
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
$=&= g]kfnL ;]gfsf] lgoGq0f, kl/rfng / Joj:yfkg gofF ;}lgs P]g adf]lhd dlGqkl/ifb\n] ug] { .<br />
cGtl/d dlGqkl/ifb\n] /fhgLlts ;xdlt / cGtl/d Joj:yflksfsf] ;DalGwt ;ldlt;d]tsf]<br />
;'emfj lnP/ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] nf]stflGqs/0fsf] lj:t[t sfo{of]hgf th'{df / sfof{Gjog ug]{ . o;<br />
cGtu{t g]kfnL ;]gfsf] pko'Qm ;+Vof, nf]stflGqs ;+/rgf, /fli6«o / ;dfj]zL rl/q lgdf{0f ub}{<br />
nf]stGq / dfgjclwsf/sf] d"Noåf/f ;]gfnfO{ k|lzlIft ug]{ nufotsf sfdx? ug]{ .<br />
$=* g]kfnL ;]gfn] ub}{ cfPsf ;Ldf ;'/Iff, cf/If, lgs'~h, a}+s, ljdfg:yn, ljB'tu[x, 6]lnkmf]g<br />
6fj/, s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfno, ljlzi6 JolQmx?sf] ;'/Iff nufotsf sfdx?nfO{ lg/Gttf lbg] .<br />
%= o'4lj/fd<br />
%=! ;}Go sf/jfxL / ;z:q kl/rfngsf] cGTo M<br />
%=!=!= b'j} kIf b]xfodf plNnlvt sfo{ gug] { k|ltj4tf JoQm ub{5g\ M–<br />
s_ k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf?kdf Ps csf{]k|lt nlIft s'g} klg lsl;dsf] xft xl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] k|of]u jf<br />
cfqmd0f ug{] sfo{,<br />
v_ b'j} kIfsf] ;xdltn] xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/ e08f/0f ul/Psf] :yfgdf xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/;lxt of /lxt?kdf<br />
csf]{ kIfsf] xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/ vfgtnf;L jf j/fdbL ug{] sfo{,<br />
u_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ gf]S;fgL ug] { jf dfgl;s bjfj k'¥ofpg] sfo{,<br />
3_ Ps csf{nfO{ nlIft u/L w/fk -PDa';_ yfKg] sfo{,<br />
ª_ xTof tyf lx+;fTds sf/jfxLx?<br />
r_ ckx/0f÷kqmfp÷ y'g5]s÷a]kQf kfg] { sfo{<br />
5_ ;fj{hlgs÷lghL÷;/sf/L jf ;}lgs ;DklQ gf]S;fgL,<br />
h_ xjfO{ cfqmd0f jf adaf/L,<br />
em_ hldg d'gL af?b lj5\ofpg] sfo{ -dfOlgË_ / ljWj+;fTds sfo{ -:ofjf]6]h_,<br />
`_ Ps csf{sf] ;}lgs ultljlwsf] ;'/fsL ug{] sfo{ .<br />
285
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
5.1.2. Both sides shall not recruit additional military forces and shall not<br />
transport arms and ammunitions and explosives or conduct military activities<br />
aga<strong>in</strong>st each other;<br />
Provided that the Interim Government may, <strong>in</strong> order <strong>to</strong> prevent illegal<br />
traffick<strong>in</strong>g of materials like arms and weapons, explosives or part or raw<br />
materials thereof, conduct patroll<strong>in</strong>g, search or confiscate them at <strong>in</strong>ternational<br />
borders or cus<strong>to</strong>m po<strong>in</strong>ts by mobilis<strong>in</strong>g security forces.<br />
5.1.3. No <strong>in</strong>dividual or group shall travel with illegal arms, ammunitions and<br />
explosives.<br />
5.1.4. Both sides shall assist each other <strong>to</strong> mark landm<strong>in</strong>es and booby traps<br />
used dur<strong>in</strong>g the time of armed conflict by provid<strong>in</strong>g necessary <strong>in</strong>formation<br />
with<strong>in</strong> 30 days and defuse and excavate the same with<strong>in</strong> 60 days.<br />
5.1.5. Armies of both sides shall not be present with arms or combat dress <strong>in</strong> any<br />
civil gather<strong>in</strong>g, political meet<strong>in</strong>g or any public programme.<br />
5.1.6. The <strong>Nepal</strong> Police and Armed Police Force shall cont<strong>in</strong>ue <strong>to</strong> act <strong>to</strong> ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong><br />
law, order and peace and conduct crim<strong>in</strong>al <strong>in</strong>vestigation as per the spirit and<br />
letter of the people's movement and the Peace Accord accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the<br />
prevail<strong>in</strong>g [exist<strong>in</strong>g] law.<br />
5.1.7. Both sides shall issue circulars <strong>to</strong> their respective armed agencies or<br />
personnel <strong>to</strong> s<strong>to</strong>p address<strong>in</strong>g as 'enemy' any armed person of the other side and<br />
also <strong>to</strong> treat them <strong>in</strong> similar manner.<br />
5.1.8. Both sides express their consent <strong>to</strong> create an <strong>in</strong>ven<strong>to</strong>ry of governmental,<br />
public and private build<strong>in</strong>gs, land and other properties occupied, locked up or<br />
not allowed <strong>to</strong> be used <strong>in</strong> course of the armed conflict and <strong>to</strong> return them<br />
immediately.<br />
5.2. Measures for Normalization of the Situation<br />
5.2.1. It is not allowed <strong>to</strong> collect cash or k<strong>in</strong>d and levy tax aga<strong>in</strong>st one's will and<br />
contrary <strong>to</strong> the law <strong>in</strong> force.<br />
5.2.2. Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> make public the status of the people taken <strong>in</strong> their<br />
cus<strong>to</strong>dy and <strong>to</strong> release them with<strong>in</strong> a period of fifteen days.<br />
286
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
%=!=@ b'j} kIfn] yk ;}Go etL{ ug{] 5}gg\ / xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/, uf]nLuf tyf ljikmf]6s kbfy{ cf];f/<br />
k;f/ jf Ps csf{ lj?4 ;}lgs xs{t ug{] 5}gg\ .<br />
t/, cGt/f{li6«o ;Ldf / eG;f/ ljGb'df xft xl<strong>to</strong>f/, ljikmf]6s kbfy{ jf To;sf] c+z jf<br />
sRrf kbfy{ h:tf ;fdfgx? u}/sfg"gL ?kdf cf];f/ k;f/ ug{] sfo{ /f]Sg] ;DaGwdf cGtl/d<br />
;/sf/n] ;'/Iff lgsfo kl/rfng u/L u:tL ug{, vfgtnf;L ug{ jf j/fdbL ug{ ;Sg]5 .<br />
%=!=# s'g} klg JolQm jf ;d"x cj}w xft xl<strong>to</strong>f/, uf]nLuf / ljikmf]6s kbfy{ ;fydf lnO{<br />
cfjthfjt ug{] 5}gg\ .<br />
%=!=$ b'j} kIf o'4sf] ;dodf k|of]u ul/Psf w/fk tyf af?bL ;'?Ëx?sf] /]vfÍg, e08f/0f #)<br />
lbgleq Ps csf{nfO{ hfgsf/L lbg / ^) lbgleq lgis[o / lgd"{n ug{ Ps csf{nfO{ ;xof]u<br />
ug{ ]5g\ .<br />
%=!=% s'g} klg gful/s ;ef jf /fhg}lts ;ef jf ;fj{hlgs sfo{qmddf b'j} kIfsf ;]gf xl<strong>to</strong>f/<br />
jf sDJof6 kf]zfs;lxt pkl:yt x'g] 5}gg\ .<br />
%=!=^ g]kfn k|x/L / ;z:q k|x/Ln] hgcfGbf]ng / zflGt ;Demf}tfsf] dd{ / efjgf cg'?k tyf<br />
k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd sfg"g Joj:yf / zflGt ;'Joj:yf Pj+ ck/fw cg';Gwfgsf] sfo{ rfn'<br />
/fVg]5 .<br />
%=!=& Ps kIfsf ;z:q JolQmn] csf{ ] kIfsf ;z:q JolQmnfO{ …zq'Ú egL ;Daf]wg ug{ / Jojxf/<br />
ug{ ;d]t /f]s nufpg] u/L cf–cfˆgf ;z:q lgsfo / JolQmnfO{ kl/kq ug{]5g\ .<br />
%=!=* ;z:q åGåsf] qmddf sAhf ul/Psf, tfnf nufOPsf jf k|of]u ug{ glbOPsf ;/sf/L,<br />
;fj{hlgs, lghL ejg, hldg tyf cGo ;DklQx? nut v8f u/L tTsfn lkmtf{ ug{ b'j} kIf<br />
;xdlt JoQm ub{5g\ .<br />
%=@<br />
l:ylt ;fdfGoLs/0fsf pkfox?M<br />
%=@==! OR5f ljk/Lt tyf k|rlnt sfg'g k|lts"n gub tyf lhG;L ;+sng / s/ c;"nL ug{<br />
kfOg] 5}g .<br />
%=@==@ cfˆgf sAhfdf /x]sf dflg;x?sf] af/]df hfgsf/L ;fj{hlgs u/L !% lbgleq ;a}nfO{<br />
d'Qm ug{ b'j} kIf d~h'/ ub{5g\ .<br />
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THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
5.2.3. Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> make public the <strong>in</strong>formation about the real name,<br />
surname and address of the people who were disappeared by both sides and<br />
who were killed dur<strong>in</strong>g the war and <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>form also the family about it with<strong>in</strong><br />
60 days from the date on which this Accord has been signed.<br />
5.2.4. Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> peace <strong>in</strong> the society while normaliz<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
adverse situation created by the armed conflict and <strong>to</strong> form a National Peace<br />
and Rehabilitation Commission <strong>to</strong> carry out relief work for the people<br />
victimized and displaced by the war and <strong>to</strong> rehabilitate them.<br />
5.2.5. Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> constitute a High-level Truth and Reconciliation<br />
Commission through mutual agreement <strong>in</strong> order <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>vestigate truth about<br />
those who have seriously violated human rights and those who were <strong>in</strong>volved<br />
<strong>in</strong> crimes aga<strong>in</strong>st humanity <strong>in</strong> course of the war and <strong>to</strong> create an environment<br />
for reconciliation <strong>in</strong> the society.<br />
5.2.6. Both sides pledge <strong>to</strong> renounce war, attack, counter-attack, violence and<br />
counter-violence of all forms <strong>in</strong> the country with a commitment <strong>to</strong> ensure<br />
democracy, peace and progressive change <strong>in</strong> the <strong>Nepal</strong>i society. There is an<br />
understand<strong>in</strong>g between the two sides <strong>in</strong> the matter of assist<strong>in</strong>g one another <strong>in</strong><br />
peace build<strong>in</strong>g and ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g law and order.<br />
5.2.7. Both sides guarantee <strong>to</strong> withdraw accusations, claims, compla<strong>in</strong>ts and<br />
cases under consideration alleged aga<strong>in</strong>st various <strong>in</strong>dividuals due <strong>to</strong> political<br />
reasons and <strong>to</strong> make immediately public the state of those who are <strong>in</strong> detention<br />
and <strong>to</strong> release them immediately.<br />
5.2.8. Both sides express their commitment <strong>to</strong> allow the persons displaced due<br />
<strong>to</strong> the armed conflict <strong>to</strong> return back voluntarily <strong>to</strong> their respective ancestral or<br />
previous places of residence without any political prejudice, <strong>to</strong> reconstruct the<br />
<strong>in</strong>frastructure destroyed as a result of the conflict and <strong>to</strong> rehabilitate and<br />
socialize the displaced persons with due respect.<br />
5.2.9. Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> resolve the problems occurred <strong>in</strong> the above mentioned<br />
context on the basis of mutual agreement and <strong>to</strong> take responsibility <strong>in</strong> an<br />
<strong>in</strong>dividual and collective manner for the task <strong>to</strong> create favourable environment<br />
for normalization of mutual relations and reconciliation and <strong>to</strong> implement it<br />
with the help of all political parties, civil society and also local organizations.<br />
288
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
%=@=# b'j} kIfåf/f j]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmx?sf] tyf o'4sf] ;dodf dfl/Psfx?sf] jf:tljs gfd,<br />
y/ / 3/sf] 7]ufgf ;Demf}tf ePsf] ldltn] ^) lbgleq ;"rgfx? ;fj{hlgs u/L kl/jf/hgnfO{<br />
;d]t hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg d~h'/ ub{5g\ .<br />
%=@=$ b'j} kIf ;z:q åGåaf6 pTkGg ljifd kl/l:yltnfO{ ;fdfGoLs/0f ub{} ;dfhdf zflGt<br />
sfod u/fpg tyf o'4af6 kLl8t / lj:yflkt JolQmx?sf] nflu /fxt sfo{ / k'g:yf{kg u/fpg<br />
/fli6«o zflGt tyf k'g:yf{kg cfof]u u7g ug{ / To;dfkm{t\ o;;DaGwL sfd cufl8 a9fpg<br />
;xdt 5g\ .<br />
%=@=% b'j} kIf ;z:q åGåsf qmddf dfgj clwsf/sf] uDeL/ pNn+3g ug] { tyf dfgjtf lj?4sf]<br />
ck/fwdf ;+nUgx?sf] af/]df ;To cGj]if0f ug{ / ;dfhdf d]nldnfksf] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{<br />
cfk;L ;xdltaf6 pRr:t/Lo ;To lg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]usf] u7g ug{ ;xdt 5g\ .<br />
%=@=^ b'j} kIf g]kfnL ;dfhdf nf]stGq, zflGt / cu|ufdL kl/jt{g ;'lglZrt ug]{ k|ltj4tfsf<br />
;fy b]zdf ljBdfg ;a} :j?ksf o'4, cfqmd0f, k|Tofqmd0f, lx+;f / k|ltlx+;f kl/Tofu ug] { k|lt1f<br />
ub{5g\ . zflGt :yfkgf / zflGt ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yfdf b'j} kIfn] Ps csf{nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ s'/fdf<br />
;xdlt /x]sf] 5 .<br />
%=@=& b'j} kIf ljleGg JolQmx?nfO{ /fhgLlts sf/0fn] nufOPsf cf/f]k, bfjL, ph'/L / ljrf/fwLg<br />
/x]sf d'2fdfldnf lkmtf{ lng / y'gfdf /flvPsf aGbLx?sf] l:ylt tTsfn} ;fj{hlgs u/L t'?Gt<br />
l/xf ul/g] Uof/]G6L ub{5g\ .<br />
%=@=* b'j} kIf ;z:q åGåsf] qmddf lj:yflkt JolQmx?nfO{ /fhgLlts k"jf{u|x lagf :j]R5fn] cf–<br />
cfˆgf] k}t[s jf k"j{ a;f]af;sf] :yfgdf kms{g lbg, o'4sf sf/0fn] gi6 ePsf k"jf{wf/x?<br />
k'glg{df{0f ug{ / lj:yflkt JolQmx?nfO{ ;;Ddfg k'g{:yfkgf tyf ;fdfhLs/0f ug{ k|ltj4tf<br />
JoQm ub{5g\ .<br />
%=@=( pk/f]Qm ;Gbe{df pTkGg ;d:ofx? cfk;L ;xdltsf] cfwf/df ;dfwfg ug{ Pj+ cfk;L<br />
;DaGw ;fdfGoLs/0f tyf d]nldnfk ug{ cg's'n jftfj/0f >[hgf ug{] sfo{df ;a} /fhlglts<br />
bnx?, gful/s ;dfh / :yfgLo ;+3 ;+:yfx? ;d]tsf] ;xof]udf JolQmut tyf ;fd"lxs ?kdf<br />
pQ/bfloTj lnO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ u/fpg b'j} kIf ;xdt 5g\ .<br />
289
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
5.2.10. Both sides express their commitment not <strong>to</strong> discrim<strong>in</strong>ate aga<strong>in</strong>st and<br />
place any k<strong>in</strong>d of pressure on other members of the family for associat<strong>in</strong>g with<br />
a member of the family of one or the other side.<br />
5.2.11. Both sides agree not <strong>to</strong> create any k<strong>in</strong>d of obstacle and not <strong>to</strong> allow any<br />
k<strong>in</strong>d of obstruction <strong>to</strong> be created for the employees of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
and public agencies <strong>in</strong> the course of travell<strong>in</strong>g freely <strong>to</strong> any part of the country<br />
<strong>to</strong> fulfill their duties and <strong>to</strong> perform their bus<strong>in</strong>ess and <strong>to</strong> extend cooperation <strong>to</strong><br />
them <strong>to</strong> perform their duties.<br />
5.2.12. Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> allow the United Nations, International Donor<br />
Agencies and Diplomatic Missions based <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong>, national and <strong>in</strong>ternational<br />
non-government organizations, press, human rights activists, election observers<br />
and foreign <strong>to</strong>urists unrestricted movement <strong>in</strong> the State of <strong>Nepal</strong> <strong>in</strong> accordance<br />
with law.<br />
5.2.13. Both sides are committed <strong>to</strong> operate publicity programmes <strong>in</strong> a decent<br />
and respectable manner.<br />
6. End of War<br />
6.1. We hereby declare the end of the armed war go<strong>in</strong>g on s<strong>in</strong>ce 1995, giv<strong>in</strong>g<br />
permanency <strong>to</strong> the ongo<strong>in</strong>g ceasefire reached between the Government and<br />
the Maoists on the basis of the his<strong>to</strong>ric agreement concluded between the Seven<br />
Political Parties and the CPN (Maoist) on November 8, 2006.<br />
6.2. The decision taken by the meet<strong>in</strong>g of high level leaders of the Seven Political<br />
Parties and the CPN (Maoist) on November 8, 2006 shall be the ma<strong>in</strong> policy<br />
basis for long term peace.<br />
6.3. After conf<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army <strong>in</strong> the barracks and the Maoist Army<br />
combatants <strong>in</strong> the can<strong>to</strong>nments, hold<strong>in</strong>g and displac<strong>in</strong>g the arms, creat<strong>in</strong>g fear<br />
and threat and use of any type of violence and arms contrary <strong>to</strong> the<br />
understand<strong>in</strong>g, agreements and law shall legally be punishable.<br />
6.4. Armies of both sides shall not be allowed <strong>to</strong> publicize for or aga<strong>in</strong>st any<br />
party and <strong>to</strong> go for or aga<strong>in</strong>st of any side. However, they shall not be deprived<br />
of their vot<strong>in</strong>g rights.<br />
290
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
%=@=!) b'j} kIf kl/jf/sf s'g} ;b:o Ps csf{ kIf;Fu ;Dj4 ePsf cfwf/df kl/jf/sf cGo<br />
;b:ox?dfly s'g} klg lje]b gug{ / s'g} klg bjfj glbg k|lta4tf hfx]/ ub{5g\ .<br />
%=@=!! g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf ;fj{hlgs lgsfosf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ b]zsf] s'g} klg efudf :jtGq<br />
?kdf cfjthfjt ug{, cfˆgf] st{Jo kfng ug{ tyf cfkm\gf] sfo{;Dkfbgsf] qmddf ltgLx?nfO{<br />
s'g} klg lsl;dsf] jfwf cj/f]w v8f gug{ / To:tf] cj/f]w v8f x'g glbg tyf pgLx?sf] sfddf<br />
;xof]u ug{ b'j} kIf ;xdt 5g\ .<br />
%=@=!@ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3, cGt/f{li6«o bft[ ;d'bfo nufot g]kfn l:yt s"6g}lts lgof]u, /fli6«o<br />
jf cGt/f{li6«o u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf, k|];, dfgj clwsf/jfbLx?, lgjf{rg ko{j]Ifs tyf ljb]zL<br />
ko{6sx?nfO{ g]kfn /fHoleq sfg'g adf]lhd lgjf{w cfjt hfjt ug{ lbg] s'/fdf b'j} kIf ;xdt<br />
5g\ .<br />
%=@=!# b'j} kIf k|rf/–k|;f/sf sfo{qmdx? lzi6 / dof{lbt 9Ën] ;~rfng ug{ k|ltj4 5g\ .<br />
^= o'4 ;dflKt<br />
^=! @)^# sflt{s @@ ut] ;ft /fhgLlts bn / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ aLr ;DkGg P]ltxfl;s<br />
;xdltsf] cfwf/df ;/sf/ dfcf]jfbLaLr rfn' o'4lj/fdnfO{ :yfoL ?k lbb} @)%@ ;fnb]lv<br />
rlncfPsf] ;z:q o'4 ;dfKt ePsf] 3f]if0ff ub{5f}+ .<br />
^=@ ;ft bn / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf zLif{ g]tfx?sf] @)^# ;fn sflt{s @@ ut]sf] a}7saf6<br />
ePsf lg0f{ox? bL3{sfnLg zflGtsf] nflu d"n gLltut cfwf/ x'g]5g\ .<br />
^=# g]kfnL ;]gf Aof/]sdf / dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'x? c:yfoL lzlj/df cfO;s]kl5 ;xdlt,<br />
;Demf}tf / sfg'g k|lts"n xl<strong>to</strong>f/ /fVg, k|bz{g, 8/qf; / s'g} klg ?kdf lx+;f / xl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] k|of]u<br />
ug{ sfg"gtM b08gLo x'g]5 .<br />
^=$ b'j} kIfsf ;]gfn] s;}sf] kIf jf ljkIfdf k|rf/ k|;f/ ug{ / kIf ljkIfdf nfUg kfpg] 5}gg\ .<br />
t/ pgLx?nfO{ dtflwsf/af6 al~rt ul/g]5}g .<br />
291
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
7. Observance of Human Rights, Fundamental Rights and Humanitarian<br />
Law<br />
Rema<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g committed <strong>to</strong> the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948,<br />
<strong>in</strong>ternational humanitarian law and fundamental pr<strong>in</strong>ciples and norms concern<strong>in</strong>g<br />
human rights, both sides express their consent <strong>to</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g issues-<br />
7.1. Human Rights<br />
7.1.1. Both sides reconfirm their commitment <strong>to</strong> the respect and protection of<br />
human rights and commitment <strong>to</strong> the <strong>in</strong>ternational humanitarian law and<br />
accept that nobody shall be discrim<strong>in</strong>ated on the basis of colour, gender,<br />
language, religion, age, race, national or social orig<strong>in</strong>, wealth, disability, birth<br />
or any other status, op<strong>in</strong>ion or faith.<br />
7.1.2. Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> create an atmosphere for the <strong>Nepal</strong>i people <strong>to</strong> enjoy<br />
their civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights and are committed <strong>to</strong><br />
create an atmosphere where such rights are not violated <strong>in</strong> the future under<br />
any condition.<br />
7.1.3. Both sides express the commitment that impartial <strong>in</strong>vestigation and action<br />
shall be carried out <strong>in</strong> accordance with law aga<strong>in</strong>st the persons responsible for<br />
creat<strong>in</strong>g obstructions <strong>to</strong> exercise the rights stated <strong>in</strong> the Accord and ensure that<br />
impunity shall not be encouraged. Apart from this, they also ensure the rights<br />
of the victims of conflict and <strong>to</strong>rture and the rights of the family of disappeared<br />
persons <strong>to</strong> obta<strong>in</strong> relief.<br />
7.1.4. Both sides shall not carry out acts of <strong>to</strong>rture, kidnapp<strong>in</strong>g and forced labor<br />
aga<strong>in</strong>st the public <strong>in</strong> general and shall also take necessary action <strong>to</strong> discourage<br />
such acts.<br />
7.1.5. Both sides shall, on the basis of norms and values of secularism, respect<br />
social, cultural and religious sensitivity, religious sites and the religious faith<br />
of <strong>in</strong>dividuals.<br />
7.2. Right <strong>to</strong> Life<br />
7.2.1. Both sides respect and protect an <strong>in</strong>dividual's fundamental right <strong>to</strong> life.<br />
No one shall be deprived of this fundamental right and no law shall be made<br />
that provides for capital punishment.<br />
292
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
&= dfgj clwsf/, df}lns clwsf/ / dfgjLo sfg"gsf] kl/kfngf<br />
dfgj clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkq, !($* tyf cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg"g / dfgj clwsf/ ;DaGwL<br />
cfwf/e"t l;4fGt / dfGotfx?k|lt k|ltj4 /xFb} b'j} kIf b]xfosf ljifox?df cfkm\gf] ;xdlt hgfpF5g\ M<br />
&=!<br />
dfgj clwsf/ M<br />
&=!=! b'j} kIfn] dfgj clwsf/k|ltsf] ;Ddfg / ;+/If0f tyf cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg"gk|ltsf]<br />
k|ltj4tfsf] k'gMk'li6 ub{5g\ / s'g} klg JolQm pk/ j0f{, lnË, efiff, wd{, pd]/, hft hflt,<br />
/fli6«o jf ;fdflhs pTklQ, ;DklQ, ckfËtf, hGd / cGo x}l;ot, ljrf/ jf cf:yfsf] cfwf/df<br />
e]befj x'g' x'Fb}g eGg] s'/fnfO{ :jLsf/ ub{5g\ .<br />
&=!=@ b'j} kIf g]kfnL hgtfsf] gful/s, /fhg}lts, cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts clwsf/sf]<br />
pkef]u ug{ ] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug{ ;xdt 5g\ / eljiodf s'g} klg cj:yfdf o:tf clwsf/ xgg<br />
gx'g] jftfj/0f agfpg k|ltj4 5g\ .<br />
&=!=# b'j} kIf ;Demf}tf kqdf pNn]v ePsf clwsf/sf] pkef]udf afwf k'¥ofpg] lhDd]jf/<br />
JolQmx? dfly sfg'g cg';f/ lgikIf 5fgjLg tyf sf/jfxL x'g]5 egL k|ltj4tf hfx]/ ub{5g\ /<br />
b08xLgtfnfO{ k|>o glbg] ;'lglZrttf k|bfg ub{5g\ . o;sf ;fy} åGå / oftgf kLl8t tyf<br />
j]kQf kfl/Psfx?sf] kl/jf/sf] /fxt k|fKt ug{] clwsf/nfO{ ;d]t ;'lglZrt ub{5g\ .<br />
&=!=$ b'j} kIfn] ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ oftgf lbg], ckx/0f ug{], ha/h:tL s'g} sfddf nufpg] sfd<br />
ug]{ 5}gg\ / To:tf sfo{nfO{ lg?T;flxt ug{ cfjZos sf/jfxL ;d]t ug{]5g\ .<br />
&=!=% b'j} kIfn] wd{ lg/k]Iftfsf] d"No dfGotfsf cfwf/df s'g} klg ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s<br />
;+j]bgzLntf, wfld{s :yn / JolQmsf] wfld{s cf:yfsf] ;Ddfg ug{]5g\ .<br />
&=@<br />
af“Rg kfpg] clwsf/ M<br />
&=@=!= b'j} kIfn] JolQmsf] afFRg kfpg] cfwf/e"t clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg / ;+/If0f ub{5g\ . s;}nfO{<br />
klg of] cfwf/e"t clwsf/af6 al~rt ul/g] 5}g tyf d[To'b08 lbOg] u/L s'g} klg sfg'g agfOg]<br />
5}g .<br />
293
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
7.3. Right <strong>to</strong> Individual Dignity, Freedom and Movement<br />
7.3.1. Both sides respect and protect the right <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>dividual dignity. In this<br />
connection, no person <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g those deprived of their freedom <strong>in</strong> accordance<br />
with the law shall be subjected <strong>to</strong> <strong>to</strong>rture or any other cruel, <strong>in</strong>human or<br />
degrad<strong>in</strong>g treatment or punishment. The citizens' right <strong>to</strong> privacy shall be<br />
respected by law.<br />
7.3.2. Both sides shall, respect<strong>in</strong>g fully the <strong>in</strong>dividual's right <strong>to</strong> freedom and<br />
security, not keep anyone under arbitrary or illegal detention, kidnap or take<br />
hostages. Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> make public the status of every disappeared<br />
person and those held captive and <strong>in</strong>form the family members, legal advisors<br />
and other authorized persons of matters related there<strong>to</strong>.<br />
7.3.3. Both sides respect and protect right <strong>to</strong> freedom of movement, freedom <strong>to</strong><br />
choose the place of residence, subject <strong>to</strong> legal norms and express the commitment<br />
<strong>to</strong> respect the right of the persons displaced by the conflict and their families <strong>to</strong><br />
return back <strong>to</strong> their orig<strong>in</strong>al residence or <strong>to</strong> settle <strong>in</strong> any other places of their<br />
choice.<br />
7.4. Civil and Political Rights<br />
7.4.1. Both sides are committed <strong>to</strong> respect and protect every person's freedom of<br />
op<strong>in</strong>ion, expression, <strong>to</strong> form union and association and <strong>to</strong> assemble peaceably<br />
and the right aga<strong>in</strong>st exploitation.<br />
7.4.2. Both sides respect the right of every citizen <strong>to</strong> take part directly or through<br />
one's nom<strong>in</strong>ated representative <strong>in</strong> the matters of public concern, <strong>to</strong> cast vote, <strong>to</strong><br />
be elected and <strong>to</strong> enjoy the right <strong>to</strong> equality of enter<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> public service.<br />
7.4.3. Both sides are committed <strong>to</strong> respect the person's right <strong>to</strong> be <strong>in</strong>formed.<br />
7.5. Socio-economic Rights<br />
7.5.1. Both sides are committed <strong>to</strong> respect and protect a person's rights <strong>to</strong><br />
livelihood through freely chosen or accepted employment.<br />
7.5.2. Both sides are committed <strong>to</strong> respect and guarantee the rights <strong>to</strong> food<br />
sovereignty of all people. They ensure that no <strong>in</strong>terference shall be made <strong>in</strong> use,<br />
transportation and distribution of food gra<strong>in</strong>s and food products.<br />
294
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
&=#<br />
j}olQms dof{bf, :jtGqtf / cfjthfjtsf] clwsf/<br />
&=#=!= b'j} kIfn] j}olQms dof{bfsf] clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg / /Iff ub{5g\ . o; l;nl;nfdf sfg"g<br />
adf]lhd :jtGqtfsf] pkef]u ug{af6 al~rt JolQm nufot sf]xL klg oftgf jf cGo q'm/,<br />
cdfgjLo jf ckdfghgs Jojxf/ jf ;hfosf kfq x'g] 5}gg\ . sfg'gtM gful/ssf] uf]kgLotfsf]<br />
clwsf/nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/g]5 .<br />
&=#=@= b'j} kIfn] JolQmsf] :jtGqtf / ;'/Iffsf] clwsf/sf] k"0f{ ;Ddfg ub}{ s;}nfO{ klg<br />
:j]R5frf/L jf u}/sfg"gL y'gfdf /fVg], ckx/0f ug]{ jf aGws agfpg] 5}gg\ . b'j} kIfn] a]kQf<br />
kf/]sf / sAhfdf /fv]sf k|To]s JolQms]f cj:yf ;fj{hlgs ug{ / ltgLx?sf kl/jf/hg, sfg"gL<br />
;Nnfxsf/ / cGo cflwsfl/s JolQmnfO{ o;;Fu ;DalGwt hfgsf/L lbg ;xdt 5g\ .<br />
&=#=# b'j} kIfn] k|To]s gful/ssf] :jtGqtfk"j{s cfjthfjt ug{ kfpg] clwsf/ tyf cfˆgf]<br />
a;f]af;sf] :yfg sfg'gL dof{bfdf /xL 5fGg] :jtGqtfnfO{ ;Ddfg tyf ;+/If0f ub}{ åGåaf6<br />
lj:yflkt ePsf JolQm / lghsf kl/jf/x? cfˆgf] d"n af;:yfgdf kms{g kfpg] jf ltgLx?n]<br />
rfx] cg';f/ cGo s'g} 7fpFdf a;f]af; ug{ kfpg] clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg ug{ ] k|ltj4tf JoQm ub{5g\ .<br />
&=$<br />
gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/<br />
&=$=! b'j} kIf k|To]s JolQmsf] ljrf/, cleJolQm, ;+3;+:yf vf]Ng] tyf zflGtk"j{s e]nf x'g]<br />
:jtGqtf tyf zf]if0f lj?4sf] xssf] ;Ddfg / ;+/If0f ug{ k|ltj4 5g\ .<br />
&=$=@ b'j} kIf k|To]s gful/snfO{ k|ToIf jf cfk"mn] OR5fPsf] k|ltlglw dfkm{t\ ;fj{hlgs<br />
;/f]sf/sf] ljifodf efu lng], dtbfg ug{ ], lgjf{lrt x'g] / ;fj{hlgs ;]jfdf k|j]zsf] ;dfgtfsf]<br />
clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg ub{5g\ .<br />
&=$=# b'j} kIf JolQmsf] ;';"lrt x'g] clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg ug{ k|ltj4 5g\ .<br />
&=%<br />
cfly{s– ;fdflhs clwsf/<br />
&=%=! JolQmn] :jtGq?kn] 5fg]sf] jf :jLsf/]sf] /f]huf/L u/L hLjg ofkg ug{] clwsf/sf]<br />
;Ddfg tyf ;+/If0f ug{ b'j} kIf k|ltj4 5g\ .<br />
&=%=@= b'j} kIf ;a} hgtfsf] vfB ;'/Iff ;DaGwL xssf] ;Ddfg Pjd\ k|Tofe"lt ug{ k|ltj4 5g\ .<br />
vfBj:t', vfB pTkfbg, vfBfGgsf] k|of]u, cf];f/k;f/ tyf ljt/0f sfo{df s'g} x:tIf]k gul/g]<br />
;'lglZrttf ub{5g\ .<br />
295
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
7.5.3. Both sides acknowledge that the right <strong>to</strong> health of the citizen must be<br />
respected and protected. Both sides shall not h<strong>in</strong>der the supply and assistance<br />
of medic<strong>in</strong>e and health related campaigns, and express their commitment <strong>to</strong><br />
the treatment and rehabilitation of those <strong>in</strong>jured dur<strong>in</strong>g the conflict.<br />
7.5.4. Realiz<strong>in</strong>g that the right <strong>to</strong> education for all should be ensured and<br />
respected, both sides are committed <strong>to</strong> ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> appropriate academic<br />
environment <strong>in</strong> educational <strong>in</strong>stitutions. Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> guarantee that the<br />
right <strong>to</strong> education shall not be violated. They agree <strong>to</strong> immediately put an end<br />
<strong>to</strong> activities like tak<strong>in</strong>g educational <strong>in</strong>stitutions under control and us<strong>in</strong>g them,<br />
caus<strong>in</strong>g teachers and students <strong>to</strong> be disappeared or tak<strong>in</strong>g them under control<br />
or abduction and not <strong>to</strong> establish military barracks <strong>in</strong> the schools and hospitals<br />
<strong>in</strong> a way so that it would affect them.<br />
7.5.5. Both sides agree that private property of any person shall not be seized or<br />
controlled except <strong>in</strong> accordance with law.<br />
7.5.6. Both sides believe <strong>in</strong> giv<strong>in</strong>g cont<strong>in</strong>uity <strong>to</strong> productive activities without<br />
disturb<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>in</strong>dustrial environment <strong>in</strong> the country, respect<strong>in</strong>g the right <strong>to</strong><br />
collective barga<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g and social security <strong>in</strong> the <strong>in</strong>dustrial enterprises,<br />
encourag<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>dustrial enterprises and labourers <strong>to</strong> solve problems that arise<br />
between them, if any, <strong>in</strong> a peaceful manner and respect the right <strong>to</strong> work<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ed by the International Labor Organization.<br />
7.6. Rights of Women and Children<br />
7.6.1. Both sides fully agree <strong>to</strong> provide special protection <strong>to</strong> the rights of women<br />
and children, <strong>to</strong> immediately prohibit all types of violence aga<strong>in</strong>st women and<br />
children, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g child labor, as well as sexual exploitation and harassment,<br />
and not <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>clude or use children who are eighteen years or below. Children<br />
so affected shall, be rescued immediately and necessary and appropriate<br />
assistance shall be provided for their rehabilitation.<br />
7.7. Right <strong>to</strong> Personal Liberty<br />
7.7.1. Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> the freedom of belief and op<strong>in</strong>ion, freedom of speech<br />
and publication, freedom <strong>to</strong> assemble peaceably and without arms, freedom of<br />
movement, freedom <strong>to</strong> practise any profession or occupation of one's choice,<br />
freedom <strong>to</strong> acquire and use property, freedom <strong>to</strong> participate <strong>in</strong> peaceful political<br />
activities, freedom <strong>to</strong> be equal before the law; and <strong>to</strong> operate or cause <strong>to</strong> be<br />
operated a <strong>to</strong>lerant system of justice.<br />
296
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
&=%=# b'j} kIf gful/ssf] :jf:Yo;DaGwL xssf] ;Ddfg / ;+/If0f ug' {k5{ eGg] s'/fnfO{ cfTd;ft<br />
ub{5g\ . b'j} kIfn] cf}iflwsf] cfk"lt{, ;xfotf Pjd\ :jf:Yo;DaGwL cleofgdf afwf k'¥ofpg] 5}gg\<br />
/ åGåsf] sf/0faf6 3fOt] ePsfx?sf] cf}iflw pkrf/ ug{ Pj+ k'g{:yfkgfsf] sfo{ ug{ k|ltj4tf<br />
JoQm ub{5g\ .<br />
&=%=$ b'j} kIfn] ;a}nfO{ lzIff;DaGwL clwsf/sf] k|Tofe"lt / ;Ddfg ug'{k5{ eGg] s'/fnfO{<br />
cfTd;ft ub} lzIf0f ;+:yfdf pko'Qm z}lIfs jftfj/0f sfod ug{ k|ltj4 5g\ . b'j} kIf<br />
lzIff;DaGwL xssf] pNn+3g gx'g] s'/fsf] ;'lglZrttf ug{ ;xdt 5g\ . lzIf0f ;+:yfnfO{ sAhfdf<br />
lng] Pjd\ k|of]u ug{] / lzIfs ljBfyL{x?nfO{ a]kQf kfg{] jf sAhf jf ckx/0f ug{] sfo{ tTsfn<br />
/f]Sg / ljBfno tyf c:ktfnnfO{ c;/ kfg]{ u/L ;}Go Jof/]s g/fVg ;xdlt JoQm ub{5g\ .<br />
&=%=%=sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s s;}sf] klg JolQmut ;DklQ hkmt jf sAhf ul/g] 5}g eGg] s'/fdf<br />
b'j} kIf ;xdlt JoQm ub{5g\ .<br />
&=%=^ b'j} kIf d'n'sdf cf}Bf]lus jftfj/0fnfO{ gvNaNofO{ pTkfbg sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg,<br />
cf}Bf]lus k|lti7fgdf ;fd"lxs ;f}bfjfhLsf] xs Pj+ ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] ;Ddfg ug{, cf}Bf]lus<br />
k|lti7fg / >ldsaLr s'g} ;d:of pTkGg ePdf pgLx?nfO{ zflGtk"0f{ ?kdf ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg<br />
ug{ k|]l/t ug{] s'/fdf ljZjf; ub{5g\ / cGt/f{li6«o >d ;+u7gn] <strong>to</strong> u/]sf] sfdsf] clwsf/sf]<br />
;Ddfg ub{5g\ .<br />
&=^<br />
&=&=<br />
dlxnf tyf afnaflnsfsf] clwsf/<br />
&=^=! b'j} kIf dlxnf tyf afnaflnsfsf clwsf/x?sf] ljz]if ;+/If0f ug{, s'g} klg k|sf/sf]<br />
of}ghGo zf]if0f tyf b'Jo{jxf/ nufot dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf lj?4 x'g] afn>d nufotsf ;a}<br />
vfn] lx+;fTds sfo{x?dfly tTsfn /f]s nufpg / c7f/ jif{ jf ;f]eGbf d'lgsf s]6fs]6Lx?nfO{<br />
s'g} klg ;}Goandf ;dfj]z jf pkof]u gug{ k"0f{ ?kdf ;xdt 5g\ . o;/L k|efljt afnaflnsfx?<br />
t'?Gt p4f/ ul/g] 5g\ / ltgLx?sf] k'g:yf{kgsf] nflu cfjZos / oyf]lrt ;xof]u k|bfg<br />
ul/g]5 .<br />
j}olQms :jtGqtfsf] clwsf/<br />
&=&=!= b'j} kIf cf:yf / ljrf/sf] :jtGqtf, jfs tyf k|sfzg :jtGqtf, zflGtk"j{s / lagf<br />
xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/ e]nf x'g] :jtGqtf, cfjfudgsf] :jtGqtf, cfkm"v'zL k]zf Joj;fo ug{, ;DklQ<br />
cfh{g / ef]urng ug]{ :jtGqtf, zflGtk"0f{ /fhgLlts s[ofsnfkdf ;xefuL x'g] :jtGqtf,<br />
sfg'gsf] gh/df ;a} ;dfg x'g] / ;lxi0f'tfk"0f{ Gofo Joj:yf ;~rfng ug{ u/fpg ;xdt 5g\ .<br />
297
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
8. Mechanism for Dispute Settlement and Implementation<br />
8.1. Both sides express their consent <strong>to</strong> be <strong>in</strong>dividually and collectively<br />
responsible for not repeat<strong>in</strong>g past mistakes <strong>in</strong> the future, and for correct<strong>in</strong>g<br />
them gradually.<br />
8.2. The National Peace and Rehabilitation Commission may create<br />
mechanisms as necessary <strong>to</strong> make the peace campaign a success. The<br />
constitution and procedures of the Commission shall be as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by the<br />
Interim Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters.<br />
8.3. Both sides are committed <strong>to</strong> resolve all types of mutual differences or<br />
problems that may arise at present and <strong>in</strong> the future through mutual dialogue,<br />
understand<strong>in</strong>g, agreements and negotiations.<br />
8.4. Both sides express their commitment <strong>to</strong> the fact that the Interim Council of<br />
M<strong>in</strong>isters shall, <strong>in</strong> order <strong>to</strong> implement this Accord, the Interim <strong>Constitution</strong><br />
and all the decisions, agreements and understand<strong>in</strong>gs concluded between the<br />
Seven Political Parties, the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> and the CPN (Maoist),<br />
constitute the National Peace and Rehabilitation Commission, the Truth and<br />
Reconciliation Commission, a High-level Recommendation Commission for<br />
the Restructur<strong>in</strong>g of the State and other mechanisms as needed, and may<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>e their work<strong>in</strong>g procedures.<br />
9. Implementation and Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g arrangements for the implementation and the<br />
moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g of the agreement referred <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong> this Accord -<br />
9.1. Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> give cont<strong>in</strong>uity <strong>to</strong> the task for moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g provisions<br />
concern<strong>in</strong>g human rights referred <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong> this Accord by the <strong>Nepal</strong> based United<br />
Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<br />
9.2. Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> cause <strong>to</strong> be moni<strong>to</strong>red the management of armies and<br />
the arms by the United Nations Mission <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> as referred <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong> the five-po<strong>in</strong>t<br />
letter sent <strong>to</strong> the United Nations earlier and <strong>in</strong> this Accord and express their<br />
commitment <strong>to</strong> assist there<strong>in</strong>.<br />
9.3. Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> cause the election of the Constituent Assembly <strong>to</strong> be<br />
supervised by the United Nations. [Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> cause the election of the<br />
Constituent Assembly <strong>to</strong> be observed by the United Nations.]<br />
298
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
*= dte]b lg?k0f tyf sfof{Gjog ;+oGqM<br />
*=! b'j} kIf ljutdf eP u/]sf q'l6x?nfO{ eljiodf gbf]xf]¥ofpg] / qmlds ?kdf ;Rof+pb} n}hfg]<br />
u/L j}olQms Pjd\ ;fd"lxs ?kdf pQ/bfoL x'g] ;xdlt k|s6 ub{5g\ .<br />
*=@ /fli6«o zflGt tyf k'g:yf{kg cfof]un] zflGt cleofgnfO{ ;kmn agfpg cfjZostf cg';f/<br />
;+oGqx?sf] lgdf{0f ug{ ;Sg]5 . cfof]usf] u7g / sfo{ljlw cGtl/d dlGqkl/ifb\n] <strong>to</strong> u/]<br />
adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
*=# b'j} kIf jt{dfg / eljiodf x'g ;Sg] ;a} lsl;dsf kf/:kl/s dte]b jf ;d:ofnfO{ cfk;L<br />
;Djfb, ;dembf/L, ;xdlt tyf jftf{sf] dfWodaf6 ;dfwfg ug{ k|ltj4 5g\ .<br />
*=$ of] ;Demf}tf, cGtl/d ;+ljwfg tyf ;ft bn Pj+ g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ aLr<br />
ePsf ;a} lg0f{o, ;xdlt / ;dembf/Lx? sfof{Gjog ug{ cGtl/d dlGqkl/ifb\n] /fli6«o zflGt<br />
tyf k'g:yf{kg cfof]u, ;To lg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u, /fHosf] k'g;{ +/rgf ;DaGwL pRr:t/Lo<br />
;'emfj cfof]u nufot cfjZostf cg';f/sf cGo ;+oGqx?sf] u7g ug]{ / ltgLx?sf] sfo{ljlw<br />
lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg] s'/fdf b'j} kIf k|lta4tf JoQm ub{5g\ .<br />
(= sfof{Gjog tyf cg'udg<br />
o; ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ul/Psf ;xdltsf] sfof{Gjog tyf To;sf] cg'udgsf] nflu lgDg Joj:yf ug{<br />
b'j} kIf ;xdt ePsf 5g\ –<br />
(=! b'j} kIf ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo dfgj clwsf/ pRrfo'Qmsf] g]kfn l:yt sfof{noaf6 o;<br />
;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt dfgjclwsf/ ;DaGwL k|fjwfgx?sf] cg'udgsf] sfdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg<br />
;xdt 5g\ .<br />
(=@ b'j} kIf ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] g]kfn l:yt ldzgaf6 k"j{ k|]lift kfFr a'Fb] kq / o; ;Demf}tfdf<br />
pNn]v eP cg';f/ ;}Go tyf xl<strong>to</strong>f/ Joj:yfkgsf] cg'udg u/fpg ;xdt 5g\ / To; sfo{df<br />
;xof]u k'¥ofpg k|ltj4tf JoQm ub{5g\ .<br />
(=# b'j} kIf ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3af6 ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] ko{j]If0f u/fpg ;xdt 5g\ .<br />
299
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
9.4. The National Human Rights Commission shall, <strong>in</strong> addition <strong>to</strong> its<br />
responsibilities as determ<strong>in</strong>ed by law, also carry out such works as are related<br />
<strong>to</strong> the moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g of human rights as referred <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong> this Accord. The said<br />
Commission <strong>in</strong> the course of performance of its bus<strong>in</strong>ess may coord<strong>in</strong>ate with<br />
national and <strong>in</strong>ternational <strong>in</strong>stitutions concern<strong>in</strong>g human rights and obta<strong>in</strong><br />
necessary help.<br />
9.5. Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> receive the reports submitted by all abovementioned<br />
bodies, <strong>to</strong> provide <strong>in</strong>formation requested by them, and <strong>to</strong> implement the<br />
suggestions and recommendations provided by them on the basis of agreements<br />
and discussions.<br />
10. Miscellaneous<br />
10.1. Both sides agree not <strong>to</strong> operate parallel or other forms of mechanism <strong>in</strong><br />
any areas of the State or Government mach<strong>in</strong>ery as per the spirit of the decisions<br />
of November 8, 2006 and the essence of the Peace Accord.<br />
10.2. Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> sign any complementary agreements, as per necessity,<br />
for the implementation of the present Accord.<br />
10.3. This Accord may be amended at any time with the agreement of both<br />
sides. Both sides agree <strong>to</strong> provide the other party with a written notice of the<br />
amendment if a party desires <strong>to</strong> amend it. Amendment <strong>to</strong> the Accord may be<br />
made with the agreement of both sides after receiv<strong>in</strong>g such a notice. The<br />
provisions <strong>to</strong> be made by such an amendment shall not be below than that of<br />
the m<strong>in</strong>imum standards of recognized <strong>in</strong>ternational human rights and<br />
humanitarian laws and the ma<strong>in</strong> spirit for establishment of peace.<br />
10.4. If any dispute arises <strong>in</strong> the <strong>in</strong>terpretation of this Accord, a jo<strong>in</strong>t mechanism<br />
consist<strong>in</strong>g of both sides shall make the <strong>in</strong>terpretation on the basis of the preamble<br />
and the documents <strong>in</strong>cluded <strong>in</strong> the annex <strong>to</strong> this Accord, and such an<br />
<strong>in</strong>terpretation shall be f<strong>in</strong>al.<br />
10.5. The concept of "two sides" and the "situation" as referred <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong> this Accord<br />
shall, ipso fac<strong>to</strong>, cease after the constitution of the Interim Legislature-Parliament.<br />
Thereafter, all responsibility for implement<strong>in</strong>g the obligations referred <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong><br />
this Accord shall be as per the arrangements made by the Interim Council of<br />
M<strong>in</strong>isters. It shall be the duty and responsibility of all political parties <strong>to</strong> extend<br />
cooperation <strong>in</strong> the compliance and implementation of the Accord.<br />
300
{<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
(=$ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] sfg"g adf]lhd lgjf{x ug' {kg{ ] bfloTjsf ;fy} o; ;Demf}tfdf<br />
pNn]v ul/Psf dfgj clwsf/ cg'udg ;DaGwL sfo{x? klg ;Dkfbg ug]{5 . cfof]un] cfkm\gf]<br />
sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ qmddf dfgj clwsf/ ;DaGwL /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;+3;+:yf;Fu cfjZos<br />
;dGjo u/L ;xof]u lng ;Sg]5 .<br />
(=% dfly pNn]lvt ;a} lgsfon] lbPsf k|ltj]bgx? a'‰g, cg'/f]w u/]sf ;"rgfx? pknAw<br />
u/fpg tyf ltgn] lbPsf ;'emfj tyf l;kmfl/;x?sf] sfof{Gjog ;xdlt / 5nkmnsf] cfwf/df<br />
ug{ b'j} kIf ;xdt 5g\ .<br />
!)= ljljwM<br />
!)=! sflt{s @@ ut]sf] lg0f{osf] dd{ / zflGt ;Demf}tfsf] efjgf cg'?k ;/sf/ jf /fHo<br />
;+oGqsf s'g} klg If]qdf ;dfgfGt/ jf cGo :j?ksf] ;+oGq ;~rfng gug{ b'j} kIf ;xdt 5g\ .<br />
!)=@ b'j} kIf k|:t't ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZostfg';f/ cGo k"/s ;xdltx?df<br />
x:tfIf/ ug{ d~h'/ ub{5g\ .<br />
!)=# b'j} kIfsf] ;xdltaf6 k|:t't ;Demf}tfdf s'g} klg ;dodf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg] 5 . ;+zf]wg<br />
ug{ rfx]df ;f] sf] lnlvt ;"rgf csf] { kIfnfO{ k|bfg ug{ b'j} kIf ;xdt 5g\ . To;/L ;"rgf k|fKt<br />
ePkl5 b'j} kIfsf] ;xdltaf6 ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg]5 . To:tf] ;+zf]wgn] ug] { Joj:yf dfGotf k|fKt<br />
Go"gtd cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/, dfgjLo sfg"gsf] dfkb08 tyf zflGt :yfkgfsf] d"n<br />
dd{eGbf Go"g x'g] 5}g .<br />
!)=$ of] ;Demf}tfsf] s'g} JofVofdf s'g} ljjfb pTkGg ePdf of] ;Demf}tfsf] k|:tfjgf / cg';"rLdf<br />
;ª\nUg b:tfj]hx?sf cfwf/df b'j} kIf ;lDdlnt ;+o'Qm ;+oGqn] JofVof ug]{ 5 / of] JofVof<br />
clGtd x'g]5 .<br />
!)=% cGtl/d Joj:yflksf–;+;b u7g ePkl5 o; ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt …b'O{ kIfÚ sf] cjwf/0ff<br />
tyf l:ylt :jtM ;dfKt x'g]5 . o;kl5 o; ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt ;Dk"0f{ cleef/f sfof{Gjog ug]<br />
u/fpg] bfloTj cGtl/d dlGqkl/ifb\n] Joj:yf u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 . ;Demf}tfsf] kfngf tyf<br />
sfof{Gjogdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' ;a} /fhgLlts bnx?sf] sQ{Jo tyf lhDd]jf/L x'g]5 .<br />
301
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
10.6. At a time when the entire country is centred on the ma<strong>in</strong> campaign of the<br />
election <strong>to</strong> the Constituent Assembly, we hereby heartily request all <strong>to</strong> resolve<br />
their problems and demands through dialogue and negotiation and <strong>to</strong> extend<br />
cooperation <strong>to</strong> the election of the Constituent Assembly and <strong>to</strong> the peace and<br />
security situation.<br />
10.7. We hereby heartily appeal <strong>to</strong> civil society, professional groups, people's<br />
class organizations, media communities, <strong>in</strong>tellectuals and all <strong>Nepal</strong>i people <strong>to</strong><br />
actively participate <strong>in</strong> this his<strong>to</strong>ric campaign <strong>to</strong> build a New Democratic <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
and <strong>to</strong> establish susta<strong>in</strong>able peace through the elections of the Constituent<br />
Assembly by end<strong>in</strong>g the armed conflict.<br />
10.8. We heartily urge all the friendly nations and also the International<br />
Community <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g the United Nations Organization <strong>to</strong> extend their support<br />
<strong>to</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> <strong>in</strong> this campaign for establish<strong>in</strong>g full democracy and susta<strong>in</strong>able<br />
peace <strong>in</strong> the country. Tak<strong>in</strong>g cognizance of the responsibility for the future of<br />
the country and people, and be<strong>in</strong>g fully committed <strong>to</strong> the text of this<br />
Comprehensive Peace Accord, we hereby execute this Peace Accord on behalf<br />
of the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> and the Communist Party of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Maoist), and<br />
make this Comprehensive Peace Accord public.<br />
Prachanda<br />
Chairperson<br />
Communist Party of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Maoist)<br />
Girija Prasad Koirala<br />
Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
Done on November 21, 2006<br />
302
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
!)=^ l;Ëf] d'n's ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] d'Vo cleofgdf s]lGb|t eO/x]sf] a]nf cfkm\gf<br />
;d:of / dfux?nfO{ ;+jfb / jftf{sf] dfWodaf6 ;dfwfg ug{ tyf ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg tyf<br />
zflGt ;'/Iffsf] l:yltnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg ;a}df xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .<br />
!)=& ;z:q åGånfO{ cGTo ub}{ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rgåf/f gofF nf]stflGqs g]kfnsf] lgdf{0f<br />
tyf lbuf] zflGt +:yfkgfsf] of] P]ltxfl;s cleofgdf ;s[o ;xeflutf hgfO{ ;kmn agfpg<br />
gful/s ;dfh, k]zfut ;d'bfo, hgjuL{o ;Ëu7gx?, kqsf/ hut, j'l4hLjLx? / cfd g]kfnL<br />
hg;d'bfodf xflb{s ckLn ub{5f}+ .<br />
!)=* k"0f{ nf]stGq / lbuf] zflGt :yfkgfsf] of] cleofgdf g]kfnnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg ;a} ldq<br />
/fi6«x? tyf ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;ª\3 nufot cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfonfO{ xflb{s cfu|x ub{5f}+ . b]z /<br />
hgtfsf] eljiok|ltsf] lhDd]jf/L af]w ub}{ / o; lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tf k|lt k"0f{ k|lta4 x'+b}<br />
xfdL–g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ sf tk{maf6 x:tfIf/ u/L of] lj:t[t<br />
zflGt ;Demf}tf ;fj{hlgs ub{5f+} .<br />
k|r08<br />
cWoIf<br />
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_<br />
lul/hf k|;fb sf]O/fnf<br />
k|wfgdGqL<br />
g]kfn ;/sf/<br />
x:tfIf/ ldlt M–@)^#÷*÷%<br />
303
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
AGREEMENT ON MONITORING OF THE<br />
MANAGEMENT OF ARMS AND ARMIES<br />
8 DECEMBER 2006<br />
Preamble<br />
In keep<strong>in</strong>g with the letters <strong>to</strong> the United Nations (UN) Secretary-General of 9<br />
August and the Comprehensive Peace Accord of 21 November 2006;<br />
Guarantee<strong>in</strong>g the fundamental right of the <strong>Nepal</strong>i people <strong>to</strong> take part <strong>in</strong> the<br />
constituent assembly elections <strong>in</strong> a free and fair environment without fear;<br />
Declar<strong>in</strong>g the beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g of a new chapter of peaceful democratic <strong>in</strong>teraction<br />
by end<strong>in</strong>g the armed conflict tak<strong>in</strong>g place <strong>in</strong> the country s<strong>in</strong>ce 1996, based on<br />
the Comprehensive Peace Accord between the two parties <strong>in</strong> order <strong>to</strong><br />
accomplish, through the constituent assembly, certa<strong>in</strong>ty of sovereignty of the<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong>i people, progressive political outlet [solution], democratic restructur<strong>in</strong>g<br />
of the state, and socio-economic-cultural transformation; and,<br />
Affirm<strong>in</strong>g the will <strong>to</strong> fully observe the terms of this bilateral agreement witnessed<br />
by the United Nations<br />
The parties agree <strong>to</strong> seek UN assistance <strong>in</strong> moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g the management of the<br />
arms and armies of both sides by the deployment of qualified UN civilian<br />
personnel <strong>to</strong> moni<strong>to</strong>r, accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>ternational norms, the conf<strong>in</strong>ement of<br />
Maoist army combatants and their weapons with<strong>in</strong> designated can<strong>to</strong>nment<br />
areas and moni<strong>to</strong>r the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army (NA) <strong>to</strong> ensure that it rema<strong>in</strong>s <strong>in</strong> its barracks<br />
and its weapons are not used aga<strong>in</strong>st any side.<br />
1. Modalities of the Agreement<br />
1.1 Pr<strong>in</strong>ciples<br />
Neither of the parties shall engage <strong>in</strong> movement or redeployment of forces result<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>in</strong> tactical or strategic advantage.<br />
304
{<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{<br />
-dfcf]jfbL_ aLr ePsf] xl<strong>to</strong>f/ / ;]gf<br />
Joj:yfkgsf] cg'udg ;Demf}tf, @)^#<br />
k|:tfjgf<br />
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf dxf;lrjnfO{ k|]lift @$ ;fpg -( cu:6_ sf] kq tyf % d+l;/ @)^# -@!<br />
gf]e]Da/ @))^_ sf] lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfsf Joj:yfx?nfO{ Wofgdf /fVb},<br />
:jtGq, lgikIf / eod'Qm jftfj/0fdf ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf efu lng kfpg] g]kfnL hgtfsf]<br />
df}lns clwsf/sf] k|Tofe"lt ub}{,<br />
;+ljwfg;ef dfkm{t g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] ;'lglZrttf, cu|ufdL /fhgLlts lgsf;,<br />
/fHosf] nf]stflGqs k'g;{+/rgf / ;fdflhs–cfly{s–;fF:s[lts ?kfGt/0f ug{ b'j} kIfaLr ePsf]<br />
lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfsf] cfwf/df b]zdf @)%@ -!((^_ ;fnb]lv rNb} cfPsf] ;z:q åGånfO{<br />
cGTo u/L zflGtk"0f{ nf]stflGqs ;xsfo{sf] gofF cWofo k|f/De ePsf] 3f]if0ff ub}{, tyf<br />
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] /f]xj/df ;DkGg ePsf] k|:t't låkIfLo ;Demf}tfsf zt{x? k"0f{ ?kdf kfngf<br />
ug]{ OR5fnfO{ k'li6 ub}{,<br />
dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'x? / pgLx?sf xl<strong>to</strong>f/x? tf]lsPsf c:yfoL lzlj/x?df ;Lldt /x]sf]<br />
tyf g]kfnL ;]gf cfˆgf] Aof/]sleq ;Lldt /x]sf] / p;sf xl<strong>to</strong>f/ s'g} klg kIf lj?4 k|of]u<br />
gePsf] cGt/f{li6«o dfGotfx? cg';f/ cg'udg ug{ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf of]Uo u}/–;}lgs<br />
-l;lelnog_ sd{rf/Lx? v6fO{ b'j} kIfsf xl<strong>to</strong>f/ / ;]gfsf] Joj:yfkg cg'udg ug{ ;+o'Qm /fi6«<br />
;+3sf] ;xof]u k|fKt ug{ b'j} kIf dGh"/ ub{5g\ .<br />
!= ;Demf}tfsf sfo{ljlwx?<br />
!=! l;4fGtx?<br />
s'g} klg kIfn] o'4sf}znLo jf /0fgLlts kmfObf k|fKt ug] { u/L ;]gf kl/rfng ug] { jf k'gMkl/rfng ug]<br />
sfo{ ug]{5}g .<br />
305
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
Any claims or reports of violations of this agreement will be reported <strong>to</strong> UN moni<strong>to</strong>rs,<br />
substantiated or not substantiated, and subsequently reported <strong>to</strong> the parties through<br />
the appropriate representative of the UN Mission <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
The security forces deployed by the <strong>in</strong>terim government shall have authority <strong>to</strong><br />
conduct rout<strong>in</strong>e patrol, explore <strong>in</strong> order <strong>to</strong> prevent illegal traffick<strong>in</strong>g of the weapons,<br />
explosives or raw materials used <strong>in</strong> assembl<strong>in</strong>g weapons at the <strong>in</strong>ternational border<br />
or cus<strong>to</strong>m po<strong>in</strong>ts and seize them.<br />
Both parties agree <strong>to</strong> allow the United Nations, <strong>in</strong>ternational donor agencies and<br />
diplomatic missions based <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong>, national and <strong>in</strong>ternational non-governmental<br />
organizations, press, human rights activists, election observers and foreign <strong>to</strong>urists<br />
<strong>to</strong> travel unrestricted accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> law <strong>in</strong> the state of <strong>Nepal</strong>. The parties will ensure<br />
the safety, security, freedom of movement and well-be<strong>in</strong>g of UN Mission and<br />
associated personnel, goods and services <strong>in</strong> all parts of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
The parties shall immediately take all necessary measures <strong>to</strong> cooperate with efforts<br />
aimed at controll<strong>in</strong>g illicit traffick<strong>in</strong>g of arms and the <strong>in</strong>filtration of armed groups.<br />
Both parties fully agree <strong>to</strong> not <strong>in</strong>clude or use children who are 18 years old and<br />
under <strong>in</strong> the armed forces. Children thus affected would be immediately rescued and<br />
necessary and appropriate assistance will be provided for their rehabilitation.<br />
1.2 Def<strong>in</strong>itions<br />
The follow<strong>in</strong>g def<strong>in</strong>itions are accepted<br />
(1) Can<strong>to</strong>nment (Maoist army) is a temporarily designated and clearly def<strong>in</strong>ed<br />
geographical area for encampment and provision of services for the Maoist<br />
combatant units <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g weapons, ammunition and equipment. The<br />
can<strong>to</strong>nments are provided for all echelons of the Maoist army.<br />
(2) Barrack<strong>in</strong>g (NA) is the deployment of <strong>Nepal</strong> Army units <strong>to</strong> barracks, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<br />
weapons, ammunition and equipment. No units below a company level will<br />
be <strong>in</strong>dependently deployed unless for activities specified elsewhere <strong>in</strong> this<br />
agreement or otherwise mutually agreed by the parties.<br />
(3) Secure arms s<strong>to</strong>rage areas are either military barracks with regular armoury<br />
s<strong>to</strong>res used for s<strong>to</strong>rage of weapons, munitions and explosives, or s<strong>to</strong>rage<br />
conta<strong>in</strong>ers established <strong>in</strong> special perimeters at can<strong>to</strong>nment sites controlled and<br />
guarded by the responsible unit.<br />
306
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
o; ;Demf}tfsf] pNn‹g ul/Psf] s'g} klg hfgsf/L jf k|ltj]bg, ;f]sf] k|df0f ;+nUg u/L jf gu/L, ;+o'Qm<br />
/fi6« ;+3Lo cg'udgstf{x?nfO{ lbOg]5 / To;kl5 g]kfnl:yt ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]usf pko'Qm<br />
k|ltlglw dfkm{t kIfx?nfO{ ;f]sf] hfgsf/L lbOg]5 .<br />
cGtl/d ;/sf/af6 kl/rfng ul/Psf ;'/Iff ann] cGt/f{li6«o ;Ldf / eG;f/ ljGb'df xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/,<br />
ljikmf]6s kbfy{ jf xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/ agfpg k|of]u ul/g] sRrf kbfy{ u}/–sfg"gL ?kdf cf];f/k;f/ ug]{ sfo{<br />
/f]syfd ug{] ;DaGwdf lgoldt ul:t ug{, vfgtnf;L ug{ / To:tf xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/ jf kbfy{ hkmt ug{<br />
;Sg]5 .<br />
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3, g]kfnl:yt cGt/f{li6«o bft[ lgsfo / s"6gLlts lgof]ux?, /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o u}/–<br />
;/sf/L ;+:yfx?, ;~rf/, dfgj clwsf/sdL{x?, lgjf{rg ko{j]Ifsx? tyf ljb]zL ko{6sx?nfO{ g]kfn<br />
/fHodf sfg"g adf]lhd lgjf{w ?kdf cfjfthfjt ug{ lbg] s'/fdf b'j} kIf ;xdt 5g\ . kIfx?n]<br />
g]kfnsf ;a} efux?df ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]u / ;Da4 sd{rf/L, dfn;fdfg / ;]jfsf] ;'/Iff, ;+/If0f<br />
/ pgLx?sf] cfjthfjt ug]{ :jtGqtf / lxt ;'lglZrt ug]{5g\ .<br />
kIfx?n] xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] u}/–sfg"gL cf];f/k;f/ / ;z:q ;d"xsf] 3';k}7 lgoGq0f ug]{ p2]Zon] ul/Psf<br />
k|oTgx?df ;xof]u ug{ cfjZos ;a} pkfox? t'?Gt cjnDag ug]{5g\ .<br />
b'j} kIf c7f/ jif{ jf ;f]eGbf d'lgsf afnaflnsfnfO{ ;}Go andf ;dfj]z jf pkof]u gug{ k"0f{ ?kdf<br />
;xdt 5g\ . o;/L k|efljt afnaflnsfx?sf] t'?Gt p4f/ ul/g]5 / ltgLx?sf] k'g:yf{kgfsf] nflu<br />
cfjZos / pko'St ;xof]u k|bfg ul/g]5 .<br />
!=@ kl/efiff<br />
b]xfosf kl/efiffx? :jLsf/ ul/Psf 5g\ M<br />
-!_ æc:yfoL lzlj/ -dfcf]jfbL ;]gf_Æ eGgfn] xl<strong>to</strong>f/, v/vhfgf / pks/0f nufot dfcf]jfbL<br />
n8fs' PsfO -o'lg6_ x?nfO{ /fVg / pgLx?nfO{ ;]jfx? pknJw u/fpgsf nflu c:yfoL ?kdf<br />
tf]lsPsf] / :ki6 ?kdf kl/eflift ef}uf]lns If]q ;Demg' k5{ . dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf ;a} txx?sf<br />
nflu c:yfoL lzlj/x? Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .<br />
-@_ æAof/]sdf /fVg] -g]kfnL ;]gf_Æ eGgfn] xl<strong>to</strong>f/, v/vhfgf / pks/0f nufot g]kfnL ;]gfsf<br />
PsfO -o'lg6_ x?nfO{ Aof/]sdf /fVg] / v6fpg] sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ . o; ;Demf}tfdf cGoq tf]lsPsf<br />
lqmofsnfkx?sf nflu jf kIfx?aLr cfk;L ?kdf cGoyf ;xdlt ePsf]df afx]s u'Nd -sDkgL_<br />
eGbf tNnf] txsf] s'g} klg PsfO -o'lg6_ nfO{ :jtGq ?kdf kl/rfng ul/g] 5}g .<br />
-#_ æ;'/lIft xl<strong>to</strong>f/ e08f/0f If]qx?Æ eGgfn] xl<strong>to</strong>f/, uf]lnuf tyf ljikmf]6s kbfy{x?sf]<br />
e08f/0f ug{sf nflu k|of]u ul/Psf lgoldt uf]lnuf e08f/ ;lxtsf ;}lgs Aof/]sx? jf<br />
lhDd]jf/ PsfO -o'lg6_ af6 lgolGqt / ;'/Iff lbOPsf c:yfoL lzlj/x?sf] ljz]if kl/lw<br />
-k]l/ld6/_ leq :yflkt e08f/0f sG6]g/x? ;Demg' kb{5 .<br />
307
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(4) "The parties" refers <strong>to</strong> the party of Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> (<strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
<strong>Nepal</strong> Army) and the party of the Communist Party of <strong>Nepal</strong> (Maoist), (<strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<br />
the Maoist Army.)<br />
(5) UN Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g refers <strong>to</strong> all efforts by the United Nations Mission <strong>to</strong> determ<strong>in</strong>e<br />
relative [reciprocal] compliance with the terms spelled out <strong>in</strong> this agreement<br />
and <strong>to</strong> report <strong>to</strong> all the parties and others concerned its f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs.<br />
(6) The Jo<strong>in</strong>t Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g Coord<strong>in</strong>ation Committee (JMCC) is the moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
report<strong>in</strong>g and coord<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g body chaired by the UN with membership of the<br />
parties. The JMCC is responsible for supervis<strong>in</strong>g compliance by the parties<br />
with this agreement <strong>in</strong> accordance with provision 6.1 of this agreement.<br />
(7) Jo<strong>in</strong>t Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g Teams (JMTs) are the bodies which will assist <strong>in</strong> moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g<br />
the cessation of hostilities. The Jo<strong>in</strong>t Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g Teams will be active at the<br />
regional and local level and <strong>in</strong> mobile teams. Each team will be comprised of<br />
one UN moni<strong>to</strong>r serv<strong>in</strong>g as team leader, one moni<strong>to</strong>r from <strong>Nepal</strong> Army and<br />
one moni<strong>to</strong>r from the Maoist Army. Jo<strong>in</strong>t Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g Teams will not be used for<br />
weapons s<strong>to</strong>rage <strong>in</strong>spections. Inspections at Maoist army can<strong>to</strong>nments will<br />
take place with a UN moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g team and a representative of the Maoist army.<br />
Inspections at <strong>Nepal</strong> Army barracks will take place with a UN moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g<br />
team and a <strong>Nepal</strong> Army representative.<br />
(8) Maoist army combatants: For purposes of this agreement this will <strong>in</strong>clude<br />
regular active duty members of the Maoist army who jo<strong>in</strong>ed service before 25<br />
May 2006, who are not m<strong>in</strong>ors and who are able <strong>to</strong> demonstrate their service,<br />
<strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g by CPN(M) identity card and other means agreed by the parties.<br />
1.3 Promotion<br />
The parties shall promote awareness of this agreement, and adherence <strong>to</strong> its<br />
provisions, among their commanders, members and affiliated groups.<br />
The parties, Government of <strong>Nepal</strong>, <strong>Nepal</strong> Army (NA), CPN(M) and the Maoist army,<br />
shall design, <strong>in</strong> cooperation with the UN Mission, an awareness programme <strong>to</strong> ensure<br />
that local communities and the parties' commanders, members and affiliated groups<br />
understand the mandate of the UN Mission and all of the obligations of the parties<br />
spelled out <strong>in</strong> this agreement. The <strong>in</strong>formation programmes shall <strong>in</strong>clude the use of<br />
meet<strong>in</strong>gs and pr<strong>in</strong>t and electronic media <strong>in</strong> local languages.<br />
308
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-$_ ækIfx?Æ eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/ -g]kfnL ;]gf ;d]t_ / g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_<br />
-dfcf]jfbL ;]gf ;d]t_ ;Demg' kb{5 .<br />
-%_ æ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo cg'udgÆ eGgfn] o; ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt zt{x?sf] ;fk]lIfs kl/kfngf<br />
lgwf{/0f ug{ / ;a} kIfx? tyf cGo ;Da4 kIfx?nfO{ cfkm\gf 7x/x?sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg ;+o'Qm<br />
/fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]uaf6 ul/Psf ;a} k|oTgx? ;Demg' kb{5 .<br />
-^_ æ;+o'Qm cg'udg ;dGjo ;ldltÆ eGgfn] ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] cWoIftfdf ul7t b'j} kIfsf<br />
;b:ox? /x]sf] cg'udg, l/kf]l6{Ë / ;dGjo ;ldlt ;Demg' kb{5 . kIfx?n] o; ;Demf}tfsf]<br />
kfngf u/] gu/]sf] ;DaGwdf o; ;Demf}tfsf] wf/f ^=! sf] Joj:yf cg';f/ ;+o'Qm cg'dg ;dGjo<br />
;ldltn] ;'k/Lj]If0f ug]{5 .<br />
-&_ æ;+o'Qm cg'udg 6f]nLx?Æ eGgfn] zq'tfk"0f{ sfo{sf] cGTo (Cessation of Hostility) sf] cg'udg<br />
ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] lgsfox? ;Demg' kb{5 . ;+o'Qm cg'udg 6f]nLx? If]qLo / :yfgLo txdf tyf<br />
df]afOn 6f]nLx?df kl/rflnt x'g]5g\ . Pshgf ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo cg'udgstf{ 6f]nL g]tf x'g]<br />
k|To]s 6f]nLdf g]kfnL ;]gfsf] Pshgf cg'udgstf{ / dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf] Pshgf cg'udgstf{<br />
/xg]5g\ . ;+o'Qm cg'udg 6f]nLx?nfO{ xl<strong>to</strong>f/ e08f/0f lg/LIf0f ug{] sfo{df k|of]u ul/g] 5}g .<br />
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo cg'udg 6f]nL / dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf] k|ltlglwn] dfcf]jfbL ;]gf /x]sf c:yfoL<br />
lzlj/x?sf] lg/LIf0f ug] {5g\ . ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo cg'udg 6f]nL / g]kfnL ;]gfsf] k|ltlglwn] g]kfnL<br />
;]gfsf Aof/]sx?sf] lg/LIf0f ug] {5g\ .<br />
-*_ ædfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'x?Æ eGgfn] o; ;Demf}tfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu !! h]7 @)^# -@% d]<br />
@))^_ eGbfcl3 ;]jf k|j]z u/]sf, aflnu / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] kl/rokq tyf kIfx?af6<br />
dGh"/ ul/Psf cGo dfWodx? ;d]taf6 cfˆgf] ;]jf k|bz{g ug{ ;Ifd, st{Jo kfngfdf lgoldt<br />
/ ;lqmo ?kdf vl6Psf dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf ;b:ox? ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .<br />
!=# k|j4{g<br />
kIfx?n] cfˆgf sdf08/, ;b:o / ;Da4 ;d"xx?df o; ;Demf}tfsf] / o;sf Joj:yfx?sf] kl/kfngfsf]<br />
;DaGwdf ;r]tgf k|a4{g ug] {5g\ .<br />
kIfx?, g]kfn ;/sf/, g]kfnL ;]gf, g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ / dfcf]jfbL ;]gfn] :yfgLo ;d'bfo / kIfx?sf<br />
sdf08/, ;b:o / ;Da4 ;d"xx?n] ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo sfof{b]z tyf o; ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt kIfx?sf<br />
;Dk"0f{ bfloTjx? a'em]sf] ;'lglZrt ug{sf] lglDt ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]usf] ;xof]udf Ps ;r]tgfd"ns<br />
sfo{qmd th'{df ug]{5g\ . hfgsf/Ld"ns sfo{qmdx?df :yfgLo efiffx?df a}7ssf sfdsf/jfxL ug]{,<br />
d'b|0f / ljB'tLo dfWodsf] k|of]u ug]{ s'/fx? ;d]t ;dfj]z x'g]5g\ .<br />
309
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
1.4 Phases<br />
This agreement shall come <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> force upon sign<strong>in</strong>g. Thereafter it shall be implemented<br />
<strong>in</strong> phases, as follows<br />
(1) Report<strong>in</strong>g and verification;<br />
(2) Redeployment and concentration of forces;<br />
(3) Maoist army can<strong>to</strong>nment, NA barrack<strong>in</strong>g and arms control; and,<br />
(4) Full compliance with the agreement.<br />
A full and practical timel<strong>in</strong>e will be established by the parties for all of these activities<br />
<strong>to</strong> take place <strong>in</strong> consultation with the UN.<br />
2. Report<strong>in</strong>g and verification<br />
The parties will report detailed <strong>in</strong>formation about their troops and this <strong>in</strong>formation<br />
will be treated with appropriate confidentiality by the United Nations. The parties<br />
will provide maps and sketches show<strong>in</strong>g current dispositions, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<br />
(1) Order of battle/military structure, organisation, deployment and number<br />
of troops;<br />
(2) M<strong>in</strong>efields, landm<strong>in</strong>es, unexploded ordnance, standard explosives,<br />
improvised explosive devices and exact location of such items;<br />
(3) All necessary <strong>in</strong>formation about roads, tracks, trails and passages related <strong>to</strong><br />
encampments;<br />
(4) Information regard<strong>in</strong>g armed or unarmed groups work<strong>in</strong>g along with the<br />
parties, the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army (NA) and the Maoist army, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g their<br />
responsibilities; and,<br />
(5) Other <strong>in</strong>formation required by the UN Mission for proper moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g of the<br />
disposition of arms and armies.<br />
The UN Mission shall check this <strong>in</strong>formation immediately after moni<strong>to</strong>rs are deployed.<br />
310
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
!=$ r/0fx?<br />
of] ;Demf}tf x:tfIf/ ePkl5 nfu" x'g]5 . To;kl5 b]xfo adf]lhdsf r/0fx?df of] ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{Gjog<br />
ul/g]5 .<br />
-!_ l/kf]l6{Ë / k|df0fLs/0f,<br />
-@_ ;}Go ansf] k'gMv6gk6g (Redeployment) / PsÝf (Concentration),<br />
-#_ dfcf]jfbL ;]gfnfO{ c:yfoL lzlj/df /fVg], g]kfnL ;]gf Aof/]sdf /xg] tyf xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/sf]<br />
lgoGq0f, /<br />
-$_ ;Demf}tfsf] k"0f{ kl/kfngf .<br />
oL ;a} sfo{x? ;DkGg ug{sf nflu kIfx?n] ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3;Fu k/fdz{ u/L Pp6f lj:t[t / Jofjxfl/s<br />
;dotflnsf th' {df ug] {5g\ .<br />
@= l/kf]l6· / k|df0fLs/0f<br />
kIfx?n] cf–cfˆgf ;]gfx?sf] af/]df lj:t[t hfgsf/L lbg]5g\ / ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3n] o:tf] hfgsf/LnfO{<br />
pko'St uf]kgLotfsf ;fy pkof]u ug] {5 . kIfx?n] b]xfosf s'/fx? nufot jt{dfg e08f/0fx? b]vfpg]<br />
gS;f / /]vfÍgx? pknJw u/fpg] 5g\M<br />
-!_ ;}Go qmd (Order of battle) ÷;}lgs ;+/rgf, ;Fu7g, ;}lgssf] v6gk6g / ;+Vof,<br />
-@_ w/fk, af?bL ;'?Ë, ljikmf]6 gePsf uf]nLu6\7f, :6f088{ la:kmf]6s kbfy{x?, ckl/is[t<br />
la:kmf]6s pks/0f (Improvised explosive devices) / o:tf ;fd|uLx?sf] jf:tljs cjl:ylt,<br />
-#_ SofDk;Fu ;DalGwt ;8s, dfu{, 6]«n / af6f]x? af/]sf] cfjZos hfgsf/L,<br />
-$_ kIfx?, g]kfnL ;]gf / dfcf]jfbL ;]gfx?;Fu sfd ug] { ;z:q jf lgz:q ;d"xx? Pj+ pgLx?sf]<br />
lhDdjf/L nufotsf] hfgsf/L, /<br />
-%_ xl<strong>to</strong>f/ / ;]gfx?sf] l:ylt / Joj:yfsf] pko'St cg'udg ug{sf nflu ;+o'St /fi6« ;+3Lo<br />
lgof]u]un] dfu]sf] cGo hfgsf/L .<br />
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]un] cg'udgstf{x? vl6Pkl5 t'?Gt} o:tf hfgsf/Lsf] hfFr ug]{5 .<br />
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THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
3. Redeployment and concentration of forces<br />
Comprehensive plans, timel<strong>in</strong>es and routes for the redeployment and concentration<br />
of forces will be provided by both the NA and Maoist army <strong>to</strong> the UN Mission.<br />
The redeployment and concentration of all combatants <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong> -- with the NA <strong>in</strong><br />
barracks and the Maoist army mov<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> can<strong>to</strong>nment sites -- shall be carried out <strong>in</strong><br />
consultation with the UN. The redeployment and can<strong>to</strong>nment of forces will be<br />
moni<strong>to</strong>red by the UN moni<strong>to</strong>rs after they are deployed.<br />
Both sides express an understand<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> create a record of government, public and<br />
private build<strong>in</strong>gs, land and other properties and return them immediately.<br />
The parties will withdraw all military and paramilitary checkpo<strong>in</strong>ts (unless explicitly<br />
permitted <strong>in</strong> this agreement) <strong>to</strong> promote and guarantee free movement and create an<br />
environment free of fear and <strong>in</strong>timidation.<br />
The <strong>Nepal</strong> Police and Armed Police Force shall cont<strong>in</strong>ue the task of ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g law<br />
and order and conduct crim<strong>in</strong>al <strong>in</strong>vestigations as per the spirit and sentiment of the<br />
Jana Andolan and peace accord as well as the prevail<strong>in</strong>g [exist<strong>in</strong>g] law. Both parties<br />
agree not <strong>to</strong> operate parallel or other forms of mechanism <strong>in</strong> any areas of the state or<br />
state mach<strong>in</strong>ery as per the spirit of the decisions of November 8, 2006 and the essence<br />
of the peace accord. All sides agree <strong>to</strong> let employees of <strong>Nepal</strong> Government and public<br />
agencies travel freely <strong>to</strong> any part of the country, <strong>to</strong> fulfill their duties and not <strong>to</strong> create<br />
any obstacle or obstruction while execut<strong>in</strong>g their work or not <strong>to</strong> let obstructions<br />
arise and <strong>to</strong> facilitate their work.<br />
4. Maoist Army can<strong>to</strong>nment, barrack<strong>in</strong>g of the NA and arms control<br />
4.1 Maoist army can<strong>to</strong>nment<br />
In accordance with the commitment expressed <strong>in</strong> the letter sent <strong>to</strong> the United Nations,<br />
Maoist army combatants and their weapons shall be conf<strong>in</strong>ed with<strong>in</strong> designated<br />
can<strong>to</strong>nment areas. The can<strong>to</strong>nment shall be based on comprehensive plann<strong>in</strong>g and<br />
preparation before implementation. After the Maoist army combatants stay <strong>in</strong> the<br />
temporary can<strong>to</strong>nments, the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong> will provide food supplies and<br />
other necessary arrangements. When implemented, the comprehensive concept shall<br />
ensure good communications and proper logistics. UN moni<strong>to</strong>rs will have access <strong>to</strong><br />
any and all can<strong>to</strong>nment sites for purposes of moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
312
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
#= ;}Go ansf] k'gMv6gk6g / Psf<br />
g]kfnL ;]gf / dfcf]jfbL ;]gf b'j}n] ;}Go anx?sf] k'gMv6gk6g / PsÝfsf] nflu lj:t[t of]hgf, ;do<br />
tflnsf / ljlwx? ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]unfO{ pknAw u/fpg] 5g\ .<br />
g]kfnleqsf ;a} n8fs'x?sf] k'gMv6gk6g / PsÝfsf] sfo{ -g]kfnL ;]gf Aof/]sleq / dfcf]jfbL ;]gfx?<br />
c:yfoL lzlj/leq hfg]_ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3;Fu k/fdz{ u/L ;DkGg ul/g]5 . ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo cg'udgstf{x?<br />
cfPkl5 pgLx?n] ;}Go anx?sf] k'gMv6gk6g / PsÝfsf] cg'udg ug]{5g\ .<br />
;/sf/L, ;fj{hlgs / lghL ejg, hldg tyf cGo ;DklQx?sf] clen]v v8f u/L tTsfn} lkmtf{ ug{ b'j}<br />
kIf ;xdlt JoQm ub{5g\ .<br />
kIfx?n] :jtGq cfjfudg k|j4{g / k|Tofe"t ug{ / eo tyf qf;d'St jftfj/0f <strong>to</strong>f/ ug]{ p2]Zon] ;a}<br />
;}lgs / cw{;}lgs hfFrs]Gb| -r]skf]:6_ x? x6fpg] 5g\ .<br />
g]kfn k|x/L / ;z:q k|x/L ann] hg cfGbf]ngsf] efjgf / dd{, zflGt ;Demf}tf Pj+ k|rlnt sfg"g<br />
cg';f/ sfg"g / Joj:yf axfn /fVg] tyf ck/fw cg';Gwfgsf] sfo{ rfn" /fVg] 5g\ . @@ sflt{s @)^#<br />
-* gf]e]Da/ @))^_ ut]sf lg0f{ox?sf] dd{ tyf zflGt ;Demf}tfsf] efjgf cg'?k /fHo jf /fHo ;+oGqsf]<br />
s'g} klg If]qdf ;dfgfGt/ jf cGo :j?ksf] ;+oGq ;~rfng gug{ b'j} kIf ;xdt 5g\ . g]kfn ;/sf/<br />
tyf ;fj{hlgs lgsfosf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ b]zsf] s'g} klg efudf :jtGq ?kdf cfjthfjt ug{, cfkm\gf]<br />
st{Jo kfng ug{ tyf cfkm\gf] sfo{;Dkfbgsf] l;nl;nfdf ltgLx?nfO{ s'g} klg lsl;dsf] afwf cj/f]w<br />
v8f gug{ / To:tf] cj/f]w v8f x'g glbg tyf pgLx?sf] sfddf ;xof]u ug{ ;a} kIfx? ;xdt 5g\ .<br />
$= dfcf]jfbL ;]gfnfO{ c:yfoL lzlj/df /fVg], g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ Aof/]sdf /fVg] / xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/<br />
lgoGq0f ug]{ sfo{<br />
$=! dfcf]jfbL ;]gfnfO{ c:yfoL lzlj/df /fVg]<br />
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3nfO{ k|]lift kqdf JoQm k|lta4tf c'g;f/ dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'x? / pgLx?sf<br />
xl<strong>to</strong>f/x? tf]lsPsf c:yfoL lzlj/x?df ;Lldt /xg]5g\ . sfof{Gjog x'g' cufj} <strong>to</strong> ul/Psf] lj:t[t<br />
of]hgf / <strong>to</strong>f/L cg';f/ c:yfoL lzlj/x? /flvg]5g\ . dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'x? c:yfoL lzlj/df<br />
/x]kl5 g]kfn ;/sf/n] pgLx?sf] /;bkfgL nufot cGo cfjZos Joj:yf ug] {5 . sfof{Gjog ePkl5<br />
lj:t[t cjwf/0ffn] /fd|f] ;~rf/ / pko'St k|aGwx? (Logistics) ;'lglZrt ug]{5 . ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo<br />
cg'udgstf{x? cg'udg ug] { k|of]hgsf] nflu s'g} tyf ;a} c:yfoL lzlj/x?df k|j]z ug{ kfpg]5g\ .<br />
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THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
4.1.1 Commanders' responsibilities<br />
The normal Maoist army cha<strong>in</strong> of command, control, communication and<br />
<strong>in</strong>formation will be utilised <strong>to</strong> control the Maoist army can<strong>to</strong>nment, us<strong>in</strong>g the normal<br />
Maoist army structure <strong>in</strong> adm<strong>in</strong>istration of the sites.<br />
There will be seven ma<strong>in</strong> can<strong>to</strong>nment sites and 21 satellite can<strong>to</strong>nment sites of three<br />
per ma<strong>in</strong> can<strong>to</strong>nment site. The satellite sites will be clustered no more than two hours<br />
driv<strong>in</strong>g distance from the ma<strong>in</strong> sites unless otherwise agreed by the parties.<br />
The designated seven ma<strong>in</strong> sites will be under command, control, communication<br />
and <strong>in</strong>formation of the Maoist army site commander and the satellite sites by the<br />
designated satellite commanders. The site commanders shall provide the follow<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>in</strong>formation <strong>in</strong> detail for each site <strong>to</strong> the UN Mission<br />
(1) Command structure for the unit and sub-units plotted on a map;<br />
(2) Names of commanders down <strong>to</strong> company level;<br />
(3) Communication system;<br />
(4) Complete list of personnel;<br />
(5) Complete list of weapons, i.e. types, numbers, serial number and calibre<br />
under s<strong>to</strong>rage at the ma<strong>in</strong> can<strong>to</strong>nment sites;<br />
(6) Ammunition <strong>in</strong>ven<strong>to</strong>ry type, lot number and amount; and,<br />
(7) List of names for the site security guards detachment, and complete list of<br />
weapons and ammunition for the detachment (ma<strong>in</strong> and satellite can<strong>to</strong>nment<br />
levels).<br />
Site commanders' responsibilities <strong>in</strong>clude<br />
(1) Camp security, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g access control <strong>to</strong> the site;<br />
(2) Ensur<strong>in</strong>g the security, freedom of movement and well-be<strong>in</strong>g of UN Mission<br />
and associated personnel, goods and services;<br />
(3) Provid<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>formation <strong>in</strong> cooperation with the UN Mission <strong>in</strong> accordance<br />
with section 2;<br />
314
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
$=!=! sdf08/sf] lhDd]jf/L<br />
dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf] c:yfoL lzlj/ lgoGq0f ug{ ;fO6sf] k|zf;gdf dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf] lgoldt ;+/rgf<br />
k|of]u ul/g] / dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf] lgoldt r]g ckm sdf08 tyf lgoGq0f pkof]u ul/g]5 .<br />
;ftj6f d'Vo c:yfoL lzlj/x? /xg] / k|To]s d'Vo lzlj/ jl/kl/ tLg÷tLg j6fsf b/n] @! j6f<br />
;xfos lzlj/x? /xg] 5g\ . kIfx? cGoyf ;xdt ePsf]df afx]s ;xfos lzlj/ d'Vo lzlj/af6 b'O{<br />
306fsf] ;jf/L b"/Lleq} kg]{ u/L /flvg] 5 .<br />
tf]lsPsf ;ft j6f d'Vo lzlj/x? dfcf]jfbL ;}lgs ;fO6 sdf08/sf] / ;xfos lzlj/x? tf]lsPsf<br />
;xfos sdf08/x?sf] sdf08, lgoGq0f, ;~rf/ / hfgsf/L cGtu{t /xg] 5g\ . ;fO6sf sdf08/x?n]<br />
k|To]s ;fO6sf] ;DaGwdf b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] lj:t[t hfgsf/L ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]unfO{ pknJw<br />
u/fpg] 5g\ M<br />
-!_ gS;fdf b]vfOPsf PsfO -o'lg6_ / ;xfos PsfO -;ao'lg6_ x?sf] sdf08 ;+/rgf,<br />
-@_ u'Nd tx tn;Ddsf sdf08/x?sf] gfd,<br />
-#_ ;~rf/ k|0ffnL,<br />
-$_ sd{rf/Lx?sf] k"0f{ ;"rL,<br />
-%_ xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] k"0f{ ;"rL cyf{t lsl;d, ;+Vof, qmd;+Vof / d'Vo c:yfoL lzlj/x?leq e08f/0f<br />
cGtu{tsf] Soflnj/,<br />
-^_ v/vhfgfsf] ljj/0f, lsl;d, n6 ;+Vof / kl/df0f, /<br />
-&_ ;fO6sf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu v6fOg] uf8{x?sf] gfdfjnL, To:tf] v6gk6gsf] nflu cfjZos<br />
xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/ / v/vhfgfsf] k"0f{ ;"rL -d"Vo / ;xfos lzlj/ txdf_ .<br />
;fO6 sdf08/sf] lhDd]jf/Ldf b]xfosf] lhDd]jf/L ;d]t ;dfj]z x'g]5,<br />
-!_ SofDksf] ;'/Iff, ;fO6df k|j]z lgoGq0f ug] { ;d]t,<br />
-@_ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]u, / ;Da4 sd{rf/L, dfn;fdfg / ;]jfsf] ;'/Iff, pgLx?sf] cfjthfjt<br />
ug]{ :jtGqtf / lxt ;'lglZrt ug]{,<br />
-#_ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]u;Fusf] ;xof]udf wf/f @ cg';f/ hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg],<br />
315
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(4) Ma<strong>in</strong>tenance of discipl<strong>in</strong>e, morale and normal tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the spirit of the<br />
Comprehensive Peace Accord, exclud<strong>in</strong>g live fire exercises;<br />
(5) Daily rout<strong>in</strong>es and control of troops; and,<br />
(6) Logistics and camp services (<strong>in</strong> cooperation with the Government of <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
and other assist<strong>in</strong>g agencies).<br />
4.1.2 Weapons s<strong>to</strong>rage and control<br />
The parties agree upon the safe s<strong>to</strong>rage of all Maoist army weapons and ammunition,<br />
<strong>in</strong> the seven ma<strong>in</strong> can<strong>to</strong>nment areas under UN moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g, except as provided below<br />
for perimeter security purposes. Both sides shall assist each other <strong>to</strong> mark landm<strong>in</strong>es<br />
and booby-traps used dur<strong>in</strong>g the time of armed conflict by provid<strong>in</strong>g necessary<br />
<strong>in</strong>formation with<strong>in</strong> 30 days and <strong>to</strong> defuse and remove/lift and destroy them with<strong>in</strong><br />
60 days. All improvised explosive devices will be collected at designated sites a safe<br />
distance from the ma<strong>in</strong> can<strong>to</strong>nment areas. These sites shall be agreed by the parties <strong>in</strong><br />
consultation with the UN Mission. Unsuitable [Unstable] devices will be destroyed<br />
immediately. Stable devices will be s<strong>to</strong>red safely and under 24-hour armed guard<br />
provided for by the guard arrangements cited below. The parties, <strong>in</strong> consultation<br />
with the UN, will determ<strong>in</strong>e a timel<strong>in</strong>e and process for the later destruction of all<br />
improvised explosive devices. To ensure the safety of both moni<strong>to</strong>rs and Maoist<br />
army personnel, no improvised explosive devices or crude bombs will be brought<br />
<strong>in</strong>side the can<strong>to</strong>nment sites.<br />
In the ma<strong>in</strong> can<strong>to</strong>nment sites the weapons and ammunition s<strong>to</strong>rage area will be<br />
secured by the follow<strong>in</strong>g system<br />
(1) A solid fence will surround the specified area, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g a gate with a lock.<br />
There will be signs on the fence clearly identify<strong>in</strong>g the restricted area.<br />
(2) The weapons s<strong>to</strong>rage depot will be composed of s<strong>to</strong>rage conta<strong>in</strong>ers pa<strong>in</strong>ted<br />
white and furnished with shelves for safe weapons s<strong>to</strong>rage and easy control,<br />
and with a complete <strong>in</strong>ven<strong>to</strong>ry (weapon type, calibre and serial number).<br />
(3) A s<strong>in</strong>gle lock provided by the UN will secure each s<strong>to</strong>rage conta<strong>in</strong>er. The<br />
key will be held by the designated ma<strong>in</strong> can<strong>to</strong>nment site commander. A 24-<br />
hour surveillance camera provided by the UN Mission will cover the s<strong>to</strong>rage<br />
site and will be moni<strong>to</strong>red from the UN office <strong>in</strong> the can<strong>to</strong>nment site. Floodlights<br />
will be switched on au<strong>to</strong>matically dur<strong>in</strong>g hours of darkness.<br />
316
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-$_ lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfsf] efjgf cg';f/ nfOe kmfo/ cEof; afx]s cg'zf;g, dgf]an /<br />
;fwf/0f tfnLd ;DaGwL sfo{ ug] {,<br />
-%_ lgoldt -?l6g_ sfo{ / ;}lgsx?sf] lgoGq0f, /<br />
-^_ k|aGwx? -nlhl:6s_ / SofDk ;DaGwL ;]jfx? -g]kfn ;/sf/ / ;xfotf lbg] cGo lgsfox?;Fusf]<br />
;xof]udf_ .<br />
$=!=@ xl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] e08f/0f / lgoGq0f<br />
kl/lw -k]l/d]l6/_ ;'/Iff ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu b]xfo adf]lhd Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s, dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf<br />
;Dk"0f{ xl<strong>to</strong>f/ / v/vhfgf ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3n] cg'udg ug]{u/L ;ft j6f d'Vo c:yfoL lzlj/x?df<br />
;'/lIft lsl;dn] e08f/0f ug]{ s'/fdf kIfx? ;xdt 5g\ . b'j} kIfx? ;z:q åGbsf ;dodf k|of]u<br />
ul/Psf w/fk tyf af?bL ;'?Ëx?sf] /]vfÍg ug{ tL; lbgleq cfjZos hfgsf/L pknJw u/fO{ /<br />
To:tf w/fk / ;'?Ëx? ;f7L lbgleq lgis[o kfg{, x6fpg Pj+ lgd"{n ug{ Ps csf{nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{5g\ .<br />
;a} ckl/is[t la:kmf]6s pks/0fx? d'Vo c:yfoL lzlj/ Onfsfaf6 ;'/lIft b'/Lleq /x]sf tf]lsPsf<br />
:ynx?df ;+sng ul/g]5 . ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]u;Fu k/fdz{ u/L b'j} kIfx? oL :ynx?sf jf/]df<br />
;xdt x'g]5g\ . sfd gnfUg] pks/0fx?nfO{ t'?Gt} gi6 ul/g]5 . l:y/ pks/0fx?nfO{ ;'/lIft ?kdf<br />
e08f/0f u/L b]xfodf plNnlvt kx/f k|jGwdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd To;nfO{ rf}jL;} 306f ;z:q kx/f<br />
lbOg]5 . kIfx?n] To;kl5 ckl/is[t la:kmf]6s pks/0fx?sf] ljgf; ug{sf] nflu ;+o'St /fi6« ;+3;Fu<br />
k/fdz{ u/L ;dotflnsf / k|lqmof lgwf{/0f ug]{5g\ . cg'udgstf{ / dfcf]jfbL ;}lgs sd{rf/L b'j}sf]<br />
;'/Iff ;'lglZrt ug{ s'g} klg ckl/is[t la:kmf]6s pks/0fx? jf sRrf -q'm8_ jd c:yfoL lzlj/<br />
Onfsfleq NofOg] 5}g .<br />
d'Vo c:yfoL lzlj/x?df xl<strong>to</strong>f/ / v/vhfgf e08f/0f If]qsf] ;'/Iff Joj:yf b]xfo adf]lhd ldnfOg]5 –<br />
-!_ tf]lsPsf] If]q jl/k/L tfnf nufpg] k|j]zåf/ -u]6_ ;lxtsf] alnof] kvf{n nufOg]5 . lgif]lwt<br />
If]q :ki6 ?kdf b]vfpg] u/L kvf{ndf lrGxx? /flvg]5g\ .<br />
-@_ xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/ e08f/0f l8kf]df ;]tf] /Ë nufOPsf e08f/0f ug]{ sG6]g/x? /xg] / xl<strong>to</strong>f/sf]<br />
;'/lIft e08f/0f tyf ;xh lgoGq0fsf nflu tvtfx? /flvg]5g\ . ;fy}, ToxfF xl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] k"0f{<br />
lkmxl/:t -xl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] lsl;d, Soflnj/ / qmd;+Vof_ klg /flvg]5 .<br />
-#_ k|To]s e08f/0f sG6]g/df ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3n] pknJw u/fPsf] Psn tfNrf nufOg]5 .<br />
tf]lsPsf] d'Vo c:yfoL lzlj/sf] sdf08/n] rfaL /fVg]5 . e08f/0f :yndf ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo<br />
lgof]uaf6 pknJw u/fOPsf] rf}jL;} 306f lgu/fgL ug] { Sofd/f h8fg u/L d'Vo c:yfoL lzlj/df<br />
/x]sf] ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] sfof{noaf6 cg'udg ul/g]5 . cWof/f] x'Fbf :jrflnt ?kdf aNg]<br />
jQLx?sf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .<br />
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THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(4) The UN Mission will provide an <strong>in</strong>spection registration device mounted<br />
on each conta<strong>in</strong>er door <strong>in</strong>dicat<strong>in</strong>g when the s<strong>to</strong>rage conta<strong>in</strong>er has been opened.<br />
(5) An alarm system provided by the UN Mission will be connected <strong>to</strong> sirens <strong>in</strong><br />
both the UN office and the camp commander's office. The system will be<br />
activated if the conta<strong>in</strong>er door is opened without a "safe but<strong>to</strong>n" hav<strong>in</strong>g been<br />
switched off <strong>in</strong> connection with regular <strong>in</strong>spections.<br />
(6) UN moni<strong>to</strong>rs will carry out the <strong>in</strong>spections of the arms s<strong>to</strong>rage area and<br />
conta<strong>in</strong>ers <strong>in</strong> the presence of a Maoist army representative.]<br />
Each ma<strong>in</strong> can<strong>to</strong>nment site will be allowed 30 weapons of the same make and model<br />
<strong>to</strong> be used only for clearly def<strong>in</strong>ed perimeter security by designated guards, with<br />
each satellite allowed 15 such weapons under the same conditions. These weapons<br />
will all be properly registered with make and serial number and locked <strong>in</strong> a<br />
guardhouse when not <strong>in</strong> use. The parties, <strong>in</strong> consultation with the UN, will<br />
periodically review the number of weapons needed for perimeter security purposes<br />
on the basis of a shared threat assessment.<br />
Security provisions will be made for CPN(M) leaders through understand<strong>in</strong>g with<br />
the government.<br />
The UN Mission shall moni<strong>to</strong>r these commitments with a full-time presence at the<br />
Maoist army ma<strong>in</strong> can<strong>to</strong>nment sites and through field visits and regular <strong>in</strong>spections.<br />
These <strong>in</strong>spections will be carried out randomly and without warn<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
4.1.3 Registration of Maoist army combatants at can<strong>to</strong>nment sites<br />
All Maoist army combatants will be registered at the ma<strong>in</strong> can<strong>to</strong>nment sites. This<br />
registration will <strong>in</strong>clude the provision of age, name, rank, responsibilities with<strong>in</strong><br />
unit/formation, date of entry <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> service and will provide the basis for a complete<br />
list of personnel. Maoist combatants will be registered regardless if they are <strong>in</strong><br />
possession of weapons or not. If with weapon, the type and condition of weapon will<br />
be specified. The <strong>to</strong>tal number of weapons will be categorized by unit/formation.<br />
Only those <strong>in</strong>dividuals who were members of the Maoist army before 25 May 2006<br />
will be eligible for can<strong>to</strong>nment. The parties will agree as <strong>to</strong> how this pre-exist<strong>in</strong>g<br />
service is <strong>to</strong> be confirmed <strong>in</strong> consultation with the UN.<br />
318
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-$_ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]un] lg/LIf0f btf{ ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf ug] {5 . e08f/0f ug] { sG6]g/ slxn]<br />
vf]lnPsf] xf] ;f] pNn]v u/L k|To]s sG6]g/sf] 9f]sfdf ;f] ;+oGq 6fFl;g]5 .<br />
-%_ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;3sf] sfof{no / lzlj/ sdf08/sf] sfof{no b'j}df ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]uaf6<br />
pknJw u/fOPsf] ;fO/g ;lxtsf] ;r]t u/fpg] ;+oGq h8fg ul/g]5 . lgoldt lg/LIf0fsf]<br />
qmddf æ;'/lIft a6gÆ aGb gu/L sG6]g/sf] 9f]sf vf]lnPdf ;f] k|0ffnL lqmofzLn x'g]5 .<br />
-^_ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo c'gudgstf{x?n] dfcf]jfbL ;}lgs k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/<br />
e08f/0f If]q / sG6]g/x?sf] lg/LIf0f ug]{5g\ .<br />
k|To]s d'Vo c:yfoL lzlj/df t]flsPsf uf8{x?af6 :ki6tM kl/eflift kl/lw ;'/Iffsf] nflu dfq k|of]u<br />
x'g] u/L Ps} vfnsf agf}6 -d]s_ / df]8]nsf tL; j6f xl<strong>to</strong>f/ /fVg kfOg] / k|To]s ;xfos lzlj/df ;f]xL<br />
zt{x? cGtu{t k|of]u x'g] u/L kGw| j6f To:tf xl<strong>to</strong>f/ /fVg kfOg]5 . o:tf ;a} xl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] agf]6 /<br />
qmd;+Vof pNn]v u/L /Ltk"j{s btf{ ul/g]5 / k|of]u gePsf a]nf ltgLx?nfO{ ;'/Iffu[x -uf8{xfp;_ df<br />
aGb u/L /flvg]5 . ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3;Fu k/fdz{ u/L kIfx?n] ;femf vt/fsf] d"NofÍgsf cfwf/df kl/lw<br />
;'/Iff ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu cfjZos xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] ;+Vofsf] cfjlws ?kdf k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{5g\ .<br />
g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ g]tfx?sf] ;'/Iff Joj:yf ;/sf/;Fusf] ;xdltn] ul/g]5 .<br />
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]un] dfcf]jfbL ;]gf /x]sf d'Vo c:yfoL lzlj/x?df k"0f{sfnLg ?kdf pkl:yt<br />
eP/ tyf :ynut e|d0f / lgoldt lg/LIf0fx?sf] dfWodaf6 oL k|lta4tfx?sf] cg'udg ug]{5 .<br />
clgof]lht ?kdf / lagf ;"rgf o:tf lg/LIf0fx? ul/g]5g\ .<br />
$=!=# d'Vo lzlj/x?df dfcf]jfbL ;}lgs n8fs'x?sf] btf{ Joj:yf<br />
dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf ;a} n8fs'x?sf] btf{ d'Vo c:yfoL lzlj/ ;fO6df ul/g]5 . o:tf] btf{df pd]/, gfd,<br />
tx, PsfO÷u7gleq p;sf] lhDd]jf/L, ;]jf k|j]z u/]sf] ldlt pNn]v ug]{ Joj:yf x'g]5, / o;n]<br />
sd{rf/Lsf] k"0f{ ;"rL <strong>to</strong>f/ ug] { cfwf/ pknJw u/fpg]5 . dfcf]jfbLsf n8fs'x?sf] ;fydf xl<strong>to</strong>f/ /x]sf]<br />
jf g/x]sf] h]eP tfklg pgLx?sf] btf{ ul/g]5 . s'g} xl<strong>to</strong>f/ ;fydf /x]sf] eP To:tf] xl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] lsl;d<br />
/ cj:yf pNn]v ul/g]5 . PsfO÷u7g ljz]if cfwf/df xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] s'n ;+Vof pNn]v ul/g]5 . !!<br />
h]7 @)^# -@% d] @))^_ eGbf cl3 dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf] ;b:o ePsf JolStx? dfq c:yfoL lzlj/df<br />
/xgsf] nflu of]Uo x'g]5g\ . kIfx?n] ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3;Fu k/fdz{ u/L of] klxn]b]lvsf] ljBdfg ;]jfnfO{<br />
s;/L lgwf{/0f ug]{ eGg] af/]df ;xdlt ug]{5g\ .<br />
319
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
As part of this registration, all Maoist army combatants will present their Maoist<br />
army identity card <strong>to</strong> be marked by the UN. The process for mark<strong>in</strong>g the cards will be<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ed. This registration card will be the basis for any assistance received by<br />
Maoist army members. Unregistered persons will not be eligible for assistance or<br />
permitted <strong>to</strong> rema<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> can<strong>to</strong>nments.<br />
Only those Maoist army combatants who have been properly registered at can<strong>to</strong>nment<br />
sites will be eligible for possible <strong>in</strong>tegration <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> the security forces fulfill<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
standard norms. Any discharged personnel will be <strong>in</strong>eligible for possible <strong>in</strong>tegration.<br />
Those who are eligible for <strong>in</strong>tegration <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> the security forces will be determ<strong>in</strong>ed by<br />
a special committee as agreed <strong>in</strong> the Comprehensive Peace Accord. This <strong>in</strong>tegration<br />
process will be determ<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> subsequent agreement with the parties.<br />
Upon registration Maoist army combatants, if found <strong>to</strong> be born after 25 May 1988,<br />
will be honourably and au<strong>to</strong>matically discharged.<br />
Discharged Maoist army combatants must: release all weapons, uniforms and other<br />
military gear; and, agree not <strong>to</strong> return <strong>to</strong> can<strong>to</strong>nment sites unless mutually agreed by<br />
UN moni<strong>to</strong>rs <strong>in</strong> consultation with the parties. The assistance packages <strong>to</strong> be provided<br />
<strong>to</strong> voluntarily discharged personnel will be agreed by the parties <strong>in</strong> advance of<br />
can<strong>to</strong>nment.<br />
The Interim Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters will form a special committee <strong>to</strong> supervise, <strong>in</strong>tegrate<br />
and rehabilitate the Maoist army combatants.<br />
4.2 Barrack<strong>in</strong>g of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army<br />
4.2.1 General regulations<br />
In accordance with the commitment expressed <strong>in</strong> the letter sent <strong>to</strong> the United Nations,<br />
the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army shall rema<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> its barracks and its arms are not <strong>to</strong> be used <strong>in</strong> favour<br />
of or aga<strong>in</strong>st any side. UN moni<strong>to</strong>rs will have access <strong>to</strong> any and all NA barracks for<br />
purposes of moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g whether <strong>Nepal</strong> Army forces or weapons are be<strong>in</strong>g used for or<br />
aga<strong>in</strong>st any party. Upon visit<strong>in</strong>g any <strong>Nepal</strong> Army barracks for <strong>in</strong>spection, the site<br />
commander will be duly notified, and UN <strong>in</strong>spections will relate only <strong>to</strong> matters<br />
regard<strong>in</strong>g the disposition of forces and weapons.<br />
320
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
o; btf{ Joj:yfsf] cËsf] ?kdf dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf ;a} n8fs'x?n] cfˆgf] dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf] kl/rokq<br />
k|:t't ug]{5g\ / To;df ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] 5fk nufOg]5 . kl/rokqx?df 5fk nufpg] k|s[of lgwf{/0f<br />
ul/g]5 . of] btf{ kl/rokqsf] cfwf/df dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf ;b:ox?nfO{ pknJw u/fOg] s'g} klg ;xof]u,<br />
;xfotf pknJw u/fOg]5 . btf{ gePsf JolStx? ;xfotf kfpg of]Uo x'g] 5}gg\ / pgLx?nfO{ c:yfoL<br />
lzlj/df a:g lbOg] 5}g .<br />
c:yfoL lzlj/ ;fO6df /Ltk"j{s btf{ ePsf dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'x? dfq} :t/Lo dfGotfx? k"/f u/L<br />
;'/Iff kmf}hleq ul/g] ;+efljt ;dfof]hgsf nflu of]Uo x'g]5g\ . jvf{:t ul/Psf] sd{rf/L ;+efljt<br />
;dfof]hgsf] nflu cof]Uo x'g]5 . lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfdf ;xdlt eP adf]lhd Pp6f ljz]if ;ldltn]<br />
;'/Iff kmf}hleq ;dfof]hg x'gsf] nflu of]Uo JolQmx?sf] lgwf{/0f ug]{5 . of] ;dfof]hgsf] k|s[ofsf]<br />
lgwf{/0f kIfx?aLr x'g] efjL ;Demf}tfaf6 x'g]5 .<br />
btf{ ePkl5, dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf] s'g} n8fs' !@ h]i7 @)$% -@% d] !(**_ kl5 hGd]sf] kfOPdf To:tf]<br />
n8fs'nfO{ ;Ddfgsf;fy avf{:t ul/g]5 .<br />
jvf{:t ul/Psf dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'x?n] ;Dk"0f{ xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/, abL{ / cGo ;}lgs ;/;fdfg÷pks/0f<br />
a'emfpg' kg]{ / To:tf n8fs'x? kIfx?;Fu k/fdz{ u/L ;+o'St /fi6« ;+3Lo cg'udgstf{x?n] cfk;L<br />
?kdf dGh"/ u/]sf]df afx]s c:yfoL lzlj/x?df kms{g] 5}gg\ . :j]lR5s cfwf/df x6fOPsf sd{rf/LnfO{<br />
pknJw u/fOg] ;xof]usf] Kofs]hsf af/]df c:yfoL lzlj/df hfg'eGbf cufj} kIfx?aLr ;xdlt x'g]5 .<br />
dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'x?sf] /]vb]v, ;dfof]hg / k'g:yf{kgfsf] lglDt cGtl/d dlGqkl/ifb\n] Pp6f<br />
ljz]if ;ldlt u7g ug]{5 .<br />
$=@<br />
g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ Aof/]sdf /fVg] sfo{<br />
$=@=! ;fwf/0f lgodx?<br />
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3nfO{ k|]lift kqdf JoQm k|lta4tf cg';f/ g]kfnL ;]gf cfkm\gf] Aof/]sleq ;Lldt /xg]5g\<br />
/ g]kfnL ;]gfsf xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/x? s;}sf] kIf jf ljkIfdf k|of]u x'g] 5}gg\ . g]kfnL ;]gfsf anx? jf<br />
xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/ s'g} klg kIf jf ljkIfdf k|of]u eP gePsf] cg'udg ug] { k|of]hgsf nflu ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo<br />
cg'udgstf{x?nfO{ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] s'g} jf ;a} Aof/]sx?df kx'Fr k|fKt x'g]5 . lg/LIf0fsf] nflu g]kfnL<br />
;]gfsf] s'g} Aof/]ssf] e|d0f ubf{ ;fO6 sdf08/nfO{ ljlwjt ;"rgf lbOg]5 / ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo cg'udg<br />
;}Go / xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL ljifox?;Fu dfq ;DalGwt x'g]5 .<br />
321
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
The Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters will control, mobilise and manage the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army as per<br />
the Army Act of 2006 (Sa<strong>in</strong>ik A<strong>in</strong> 2063) or its successor legislation. The Interim<br />
Council of M<strong>in</strong>isters <strong>to</strong> prepare and implement the detailed action plan of the <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
Army's democratization by tak<strong>in</strong>g suggestions from the concerned committee of the<br />
Interim Parliament/legislature. Under this <strong>to</strong> carry out activities like assess<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
appropriate number of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army, <strong>to</strong> tra<strong>in</strong> the army <strong>in</strong> democratic and human<br />
rights values while develop<strong>in</strong>g democratic structure, national and <strong>in</strong>clusive character.<br />
4.2.2 Commander responsibilities<br />
The normal NA cha<strong>in</strong> of command, control, communication and <strong>in</strong>formation will<br />
be utilised <strong>to</strong> moni<strong>to</strong>r the NA deployment <strong>to</strong> barracks. The commanders shall provide<br />
the follow<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>formation <strong>in</strong> detail <strong>to</strong> the UN Mission<br />
(1) Command structure for the unit and sub-units plotted on a map;<br />
(2) Names of commanders down <strong>to</strong> company level;<br />
(3) Communication system;<br />
(4) Order of battle/military structure, organisation, deployment and number<br />
of troops;<br />
(5) M<strong>in</strong>efields, landm<strong>in</strong>es, unexploded ordnance, standard explosives,<br />
improvised explosive devices and exact location of such items; and,<br />
(6) Other <strong>in</strong>formation required by the UN Mission for proper moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g of<br />
the disposition of arms and armies.<br />
The NA will ensure the safety, security, freedom of movement and well-be<strong>in</strong>g of UN<br />
Mission and associated personnel, goods and services, and provide <strong>in</strong>formation <strong>in</strong><br />
cooperation with the UN Mission accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> Section 2.<br />
The UN Mission shall moni<strong>to</strong>r these commitments through daily presence <strong>in</strong> selected<br />
NA barracks, field visits and regular <strong>in</strong>spections.<br />
4.2.3 Weapons s<strong>to</strong>rage and control<br />
The <strong>Nepal</strong> Army will rema<strong>in</strong> with<strong>in</strong> the barracks as per the commitment expressed<br />
<strong>in</strong> the letter sent <strong>to</strong> the UN <strong>to</strong> ensure that their arms are not used for or aga<strong>in</strong>st any<br />
party. The <strong>Nepal</strong> Army <strong>to</strong> s<strong>to</strong>re arms <strong>in</strong> equal numbers <strong>to</strong> that of the Maoist army, <strong>to</strong><br />
seal it with a s<strong>in</strong>gle-lock and give the key <strong>to</strong> the concerned party. In the process of<br />
<strong>in</strong>stall<strong>in</strong>g the lock, <strong>to</strong> assemble a mechanism <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g a siren and register for the<br />
moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g by the UN. While carry<strong>in</strong>g out the necessary exam<strong>in</strong>ation of the s<strong>to</strong>red<br />
arms, the UN will do so under the presence of a <strong>Nepal</strong> Army representative. The<br />
barrack/barracks where NA arms will be moni<strong>to</strong>red under the conditions spelled<br />
out <strong>in</strong> section 4.1.2 will be identified and agreed by the parties. The arms will be<br />
s<strong>to</strong>red <strong>in</strong> s<strong>to</strong>rage conta<strong>in</strong>ers.<br />
322
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
dlGqkl/ifb\n] ;}lgs P]g, @)^# jf eljiodf aGg] tT;DaGwL sfg"g cg';f/ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] lgoGq0f,<br />
kl/rfng / Joj:yfkg ug] {5 . cGtl/d dlGqkl/ifb\n] cGtl/d ;+;b÷Joj:yflksfsf] ;DalFGwt ;ldltsf]<br />
;'emfj lnP/ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] nf]stfGqLs/0fsf] lj:t[t sfo{of]hgf th'{df / sfof{Gjog ug]{5 . o;<br />
cGtu{t g]kfnL ;]gfsf] pko'St ;+Vof, nf]stflGqs ;+/rgf, /fli6«o / ;dfj]zL rl/q lgdf{0f ub} { nf]stGq<br />
/ dfgj clwsf/sf] d"Noåf/f ;]gfnfO{ k|lzlIft ug]{ nufotsf sfdx? ul/g]5g\ .<br />
$=@=@ sdf08/sf] lhDd]jf/L<br />
g]kfnL ;]gf Aof/]sleq /x]sf] cg'udg ug{ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] lgoldt r]g ckm sdf08, lgoGq0f, ;~rf/ /<br />
;"rgf pkof]u ul/g]5 . sdf08/x?n] ;+o'St /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]unfO{ b]xfosf] s'/fsf] lj:t[t hfgsf/L<br />
pknJw u/fpg] 5g\M<br />
-!_ gS;fdf b]vfOPsf PsfO -o'lg6_ / ;xfos–PsfO -;ao'lg6_ sf] sdf08 ;+/rgf,<br />
-@_ u'Nd tx tn;Ddsf sdf08/x?sf] gfd,<br />
-#_ ;~rf/ k|0ffnL,<br />
-$_ ;}Go qmd (Order of battle) ÷;}lgs ;+/rgf, ;Fu7g, ;}lgssf] v6gk6g / ;+Vof,<br />
-%_ w/fk, af?bL ;'?Ë, laikm]f6 gePsf uf]nLuf, ljikmf]6s kbfy{x?, ckl/is[t la:kmf]6s<br />
pks/0f / o:tf ;fdu|Lx?sf] jf:tljs cjl:ylt, /<br />
-^_ xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/ / ;]gfx?sf] Joj:yfsf] pko'St cg'udg ug{sf nflu ;+o'St /fi6« ;+3n]<br />
dfu]sf] cGo hfgsf/L .<br />
g]kfnL ;]gfn] ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3 / ;Da4 sd{rf/L, dfn;fdfg / ;]jfx?sf] ;+/If0f, ;'/Iff, pgLx?sf]<br />
cfjthfjt ug]{ :jtGqtf / lxt ;'lglZrt ug]{ tyf bkmf @ cg';f/ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]u;Fusf]<br />
;xof]udf hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg]5 .<br />
5flgPsf g]kfnL ;]gfsf Aof/]sx?df b}lgs ?kdf pkl:yt eO{, :ynut e|d0f / lgoldt lg/LIf0f u/L<br />
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]un] oL k|ltj4tfx?sf] cg'udg ug]{5 .<br />
$=@=# xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] e08f/0f / lgoGq0f<br />
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3nfO{ k| ]lift kqdf JoSt k|ltj4tf cg'?k g]kfnL ;]gfsf xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/x? s;}sf] klg kIf jf<br />
ljkIfdf k|of]u gePsf] ;'lglZrt ug{ g]kfnL ;]gf Aof/]sleq ;Lldt /xg]5 . dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf] tkm{af6<br />
e08f/0f ul/Psf xl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] a/fa/L ;+Vofdf g]kfnL ;]gfn] cfkm\gf xftl<strong>to</strong>f/x? e08f/0f ug]{ / Psn<br />
tfNrf nufO{ rfaL ;DalGwt kIfn] /fVg]5 . ;f] tfNrf nufpg] k|s[ofdf ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] cg'udgsf]<br />
nflu ;fO/g ;lxtsf] ;+oGq h8fg u/L btf{ ug]{ . e08f/0f ul/Psf xl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] cfjZos hfFra'em u/L<br />
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3n] ;f] sfo{ ;DalGwt kIfsf] /f]xj/df ug]{5 . kIfx? bkmf $=!=@ df plNnlvt zt{x?<br />
cGtu{t s'g s'g Aof/]sdf g]kfnL ;]gfsf xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] cg'udg ug]{ xf] ;f] klxrfg u/L tT;DaGwdf<br />
;xdt x'g]5g\ . e08f/0f ug]{ sG6]g/x?df xl<strong>to</strong>f/ /flvg]5 .<br />
323
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
4.2.4 Deployment and Concentration of Forces – NA permitted activities<br />
In accordance with the spirit of the Comprehensive Peace Accord, cont<strong>in</strong>uity will be<br />
given <strong>to</strong> functions of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g border security, security of the<br />
conservation areas, protected areas, banks, airports, power houses, telephone <strong>to</strong>wers,<br />
central secretariat and security of VIPs. A detailed list of these <strong>in</strong>stitutions and<br />
<strong>in</strong>stallations will be kept by the Secretary M<strong>in</strong>istry Defence, along with the number<br />
and types of forces assigned <strong>to</strong> such duties. The list of such <strong>in</strong>stitutions and<br />
<strong>in</strong>stallations will be kept by the NA under seal, and this list will be made available <strong>to</strong><br />
UN moni<strong>to</strong>rs when they deem necessary on a case-by-case basis.<br />
Permitted NA activities are as follows<br />
1. Rout<strong>in</strong>e military activities with<strong>in</strong> the barracks and regular tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> barracks<br />
and camps. The JMCC will be notified 48 hours <strong>in</strong> advance before undertak<strong>in</strong>g<br />
limited live fire exercises at designated live fir<strong>in</strong>g ranges.<br />
2. Participation <strong>in</strong> official ceremonies, parades, etc. as directed by the<br />
Government.<br />
3. Provision of Border Security as directed by the Government.<br />
4. Relief of troops on a one-<strong>to</strong>-one basis, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g transport as mentioned.<br />
5. Regular ma<strong>in</strong>tenance and replacement of non-lethal equipment, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<br />
transport as mentioned. Ma<strong>in</strong>tenance and replacement of lethal weapons will<br />
take place only with the determ<strong>in</strong>ation of the <strong>in</strong>terim government or agreement<br />
by both parties.<br />
6. Execution of development and construction tasks as directed by the civilian<br />
authorities, on central, regional and local levels.<br />
7. Provision of support <strong>in</strong> relief work <strong>in</strong> times of natural and other disasters as<br />
directed by the Government.<br />
8. Participation <strong>in</strong> Peacekeep<strong>in</strong>g Operations called for by the United Nations,<br />
and all preparations, transport, tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g, transfer of equipment, etc. connected<br />
<strong>to</strong> this.<br />
9. Provision of security for VVIPs and VIPs.<br />
324
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
$=@=$ k'gMv6gk6g / Psf– g]kfnL ;]gfn] ug{ kfpg] lqmofsnfkx?<br />
lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfsf] efjgf cg';f/ g]kfnL ;]gfn] ub} { cfPsf ;Ldf ;'/Iff, cf/If If]q, ;+/lIft If]q,<br />
a}+s, ljdfg:yn, ljB'tu[x, 6]lnkmf]g 6fj/, s]GbLo ;lrjfnosf] ;'/Iff / ljlzi6 JolQmx?sf] ;'/Iff<br />
nufotsf sfdx?nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOg]5 . /Iff ;lrjn] o:tf sfddf v6fO{Psf ;}Go ansf] ;+Vof /<br />
lsl;d v'Ng] u/L o:tf ;+:yf / ;+/rgfx?sf] lj:t[t ;"rL <strong>to</strong>f/ kf/L /fVg]5 . cj:yf ljz]ifsf]<br />
cfwf/df;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo cg'udgstf{x?n] cfjZos b]v]df of] ;"rL pgLx?nfO{ pknAw u/fOg]5 .<br />
g]kfnL ;]gfn] ug{ kfpg] lqmofsnfkx? b]xfo adf]lhd 5g\M<br />
!= Aof/]sleq ul/g] lgoldt ;}lgs lqmofsnfkx? / Aof/]s tyf SofDkx?leq ul/g] lgoldt<br />
tfnLd÷tf]lsPsf nfOe kmfol/+u b"/Lx?df ;Lldt nfOe kmfo/sf +cEof;x? ug'{ cl3 ;+o'Qm<br />
cg'udg ;dGjo ;ldltnfO{ $* 306fsf] k"j{ ;"rgf lbg' kg] {5 .<br />
@= ;/sf/n] lgb]{zg u/] adf]lhd ;/sf/L ;df/f]x, k/]8 cflbdf efu lng] .<br />
#= ;/sf/n] lgb]{zg u/] adf]lhd ;Ldf ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .<br />
$= Joa:yf eP adf]lhd ;jf/L nufot, Psn–Psn (One-<strong>to</strong>-one) cfwf/df ;}lgsx?sf] p4f/ ug] { .<br />
%= Joj:yf eP adflhd ;jf/L nufot 3fts -nLyn_ pks/0f jfx]ssf cGo pks/0fsf]<br />
lgoldt dd{t;Def/, lj:yfkg ug]{ . 3fts -nLyn_ xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] dd{t;Def/ / lj:yfkg ug]{<br />
sfo{ cGtl/d ;/sf/n] <strong>to</strong> u/] adf]lhd jf b'j} kIfsf] ;xdltn] dfq} ug{ ;lsg]5 .<br />
^= gful/s lgsfox?n] lgb]{zg u/] adf]lhd s]Gb|Lo, If]qLo / :yfgLo txdf ljsf; / lgdf{0fsf<br />
sfo{ ug]{ .<br />
&= ;/sf/n] lgb]{zg lbP adf]lhd k|fs[lts / cGo k|sf]ksf] ;dodf p4f/ sfo{df ;xof]u<br />
pknJw u/fpg] .<br />
*= ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] cfJxfgdf zflGt sfod /fVg] lqmofsnfkx?df tyf tT;DaGwL ;a} <strong>to</strong>f/L,<br />
oftfoft, tfnLd, pks/0fx?sf] x:tfGt/0f ug]{ cflb sfo{df efu lng] .<br />
(= clt ljlzi6 / ljlzi6 JolStx?sf] ;'/Iff Joj:yf ug]{ .<br />
325
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
10. Provision of security of vital <strong>in</strong>stallations as directed by the Government.<br />
11. Provision of security of transportation of <strong>Nepal</strong> Rastra Bank funds.<br />
For all of the above activities the rules regard<strong>in</strong>g notification of troop, air movements<br />
and exercises spelled out <strong>in</strong> section 5.2 apply.<br />
5. Compliance with the Agreement<br />
5.1 Prohibited Activities<br />
In the spirit of the Comprehensive Peace Accord, and <strong>in</strong> light of this agreement, after<br />
the placement of the <strong>Nepal</strong> Army <strong>in</strong> the barracks and the Maoist Army combatants <strong>in</strong><br />
can<strong>to</strong>nment, the parties shall scrupulously refra<strong>in</strong> from the follow<strong>in</strong>g activities<br />
1. Hold<strong>in</strong>g and carry<strong>in</strong>g arms is <strong>in</strong> violation of the law. Display<strong>in</strong>g arms,<br />
<strong>in</strong>timidation and any type of use of violence is prohibited, and use of arms is<br />
legally punishable.<br />
2. Any type of arms and weapons targeted aga<strong>in</strong>st each other <strong>in</strong> a direct or<br />
<strong>in</strong>direct way or any act of attack.<br />
3. Harm<strong>in</strong>g or <strong>in</strong>timidat<strong>in</strong>g any person, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>ternally displaced persons,<br />
humanitarian and development workers and other non-combatants, and any<br />
seizure of their equipment and property.<br />
4. Ambushes, murder or violent operations.<br />
5. Kidnapp<strong>in</strong>g, unlawful detention or imprisonment, disappearances;<br />
6. All offensive military flights <strong>in</strong> and over <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
7. Damag<strong>in</strong>g or seiz<strong>in</strong>g public/private/government, military or UN property<br />
and all attacks on UN and associated personnel.<br />
8. Plant<strong>in</strong>g m<strong>in</strong>es or improvised explosive devices, conduct<strong>in</strong>g sabotage or<br />
military espionage.<br />
326
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
!)= ;/sf/n] lgb]{zg lbP adf]lhd dxTjk"0f{ ;+/rgfx?sf] ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .<br />
!!= g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] /sd 9'jfgLdf ;'/Iff lbg] Joj:yf ug]{ .<br />
pk/f]St ;a} lqmofsnfkx?sf] xsdf bkmf %=@ df plNnlvt ;]gfsf] ;"rgf, xjfO{ cfjfudg / cEof;<br />
;DaGwL lgodx? nfu" x'g]5g\ .<br />
%= ;Demf}tfsf] kfngf<br />
%=! lgif]lwt lqmofsnfkx?<br />
lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfsf] efjgf cg';f/ / o; ;Demf}tfsf] kl/k|]Iodf g]kfnL ;]gf Aof/]sdf ;Lldt<br />
/x]kl5 / dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'x? c:yfoL lzlj/df al;;s]kl5 kIfx?n] ;'Id ?kd} b]xfosf<br />
lqmofsnfkx? ug] { 5}gg\M<br />
!= xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/ ;fydf lnO{ lx8\g] sfo{ sfg"g lj?4sf] sfo{ xf] . xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] k|bz{g, qf; / s'g}<br />
klg lsl;dsf] lx+;fsf] k|of]u lgif]w ul/Psf] 5 / xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] k|of]u sfg"gL ?kn] b08gLo 5 .<br />
@= k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf Ps csf{k|lt nlIft s'g} klg lsl;dsf xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/sf] k|of]u jf<br />
cfqmd0f ug]{ sfo{ .<br />
#= cfGtl/s ?kdf la:yflkt JolStx?, dfgjLo / ljsf; sfo{stf{x? / cGo u}/–n8fs'<br />
JolStx? nufot s'g} klg JolStnfO{ xfgL k'/fpg] jf 8/, qf; b]vfpg] sfo{ / pgLx?sf pks/0f<br />
/ ;DklQ hkmt ug]{ sfo{ .<br />
$= w/fk yfKg], xTof / lx+;fTds sf/jfxL .<br />
%= ckx/0f ug]{, u}/sfg'gL y'gfdf /fVg] jf s}b ug] {, j]kQf kfg] { sfo{ .<br />
^= g]kfnleq / g]kfn dfly ul/g] ;a} cfqmds ;}Go p8fgx? .<br />
&= ;fj{hlgs÷lghL÷;/sf/L, ;}lgs jf ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] ;DklQ xfgL gf]S;fgL ug] { jf hkmt<br />
ug]{ sfo{ / ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf ;Dj4 sd{rf/L lj?4sf] cfqmd0f .<br />
*= hldgd'lg af?b la5\ofpg] jf ckl/is[t la:kmf]6s pks/0f /fVg] sfo{, ljWj+FzfTds sfo{ -<br />
:ofaf]6]h_ jf ;}Go hf;";L sfo{ .<br />
327
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
9. Recruit<strong>in</strong>g additional armed forces or conduct<strong>in</strong>g military activities aga<strong>in</strong>st<br />
each other, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g transport<strong>in</strong>g weapons, ammunitions and explosives<br />
(unless mutually agreed by the parties and notified <strong>in</strong> advance accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong><br />
the terms of this agreement.)<br />
10. Collect<strong>in</strong>g cash or goods and services or levy<strong>in</strong>g tax aga<strong>in</strong>st one's wishes<br />
and aga<strong>in</strong>st the exist<strong>in</strong>g law.<br />
11. Any actions that impede or delay the provision of humanitarian assistance<br />
or protection <strong>to</strong> civilians.<br />
12. Any restrictions on the safe, free and unimpeded movement of humanitarian<br />
or development agencies undertak<strong>in</strong>g activities approved by the <strong>in</strong>terim<br />
government or its successor.<br />
13. All acts and forms of gender-based violence.<br />
14. Any restrictions on the free movement of people and goods.<br />
15. All activities that obstruct the efforts of the UN Mission and amount <strong>to</strong> a<br />
failure <strong>to</strong> cooperate with the UN Mission, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g the prohibition of the UN<br />
Mission patrols and flights over any location.<br />
16. Any attempt by a party <strong>to</strong> disguise its equipment, personnel or activities as<br />
those of the UN Mission, other United Nations agencies, the International<br />
Committee of the Red Cross/Crescent or any other similar organisation.<br />
17. Any attempt <strong>to</strong> redeploy military forces and equipment or occupation of<br />
any positions out of their respective deployment positions without the consent<br />
of the Jo<strong>in</strong>t Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g Coord<strong>in</strong>ation Committee.<br />
18. The use of children who are 18 years old and under <strong>in</strong> the armed forces.<br />
19. All hostile propaganda and <strong>in</strong>citement <strong>to</strong> military action.<br />
The parties shall also refra<strong>in</strong> from all activities that are prohibited elsewhere <strong>in</strong> this<br />
agreement.<br />
328
{<br />
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
(= cltl/St ;z:q ;]gf egf{ ug] { jf Ps csf{ lj?4 ;}lgs xs{t ug]{ sfo{, xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/,<br />
v/vhfgf / laikmf]6s kbfy{x? cf];f/k;f/ ug]{ sfo{ ;d]t -o; ;Demf}tfsf zt{x? adflhd<br />
kIfx?n] cfk;L ;xdlt hgfO{ k"j{ ;"rgf lbPsf] ca:yfdf afx]s_ .<br />
!)= OR5f ljkl/t tyf k|rlnt sfg"g k|lts"n gub jf lhG;L ;+sng ug] { / ;]jf lng] jf s/<br />
nufpg] sfo{ .<br />
!!= dfgjLo ;xof]u pknJw u/fpg] jf gful/sx?sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ sfddf cj/f]w k'/fpg] jf<br />
l9nfO{ ug]{ s'g} klg sf/jfxL .<br />
!@= cGtl/d ;/sf/ jf ;f]sf] pQ/flwsf/Ln] :jLs[t u/]sf lqmofsnfkx? ;~rfng ug] { dfgjtfjfbL<br />
jf ljsf; ;DaGwL lgsfox?sf] ;'/lIft, :jtGq / lgjf{w cfjfudgdf /f]s nufpg] s'g} klg<br />
sfo{ .<br />
!#= lnËdf cfwfl/t lx+;fsf] ;a} ?k / sfo{ .<br />
!$= dflg; / dfn;fdfgsf] :jtGq cfjfudgdf k|ltaGw nufpg] s'g} klg sfo{ .<br />
!%= ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]usf k|oTgx?df Jojwfg k'/fpg] / ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]unfO{<br />
;xof]u ug{ c;dy{ ePsf] dflgg] s'g} klg lqmofsnfk, s'g} klg 7fpFdf u:tL ug] { jf p8fg eg]<br />
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]usf] sfo{nfO{ lgif]w ug]{ sfo{ ;d]t .<br />
!^= s'g} kIfn] cfˆgf] pks/0f, sd{rf/L jf lqmofsnfknfO{ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]u, cGo ;+o'Qm<br />
/fi6« ;+3Lo lgsfox?, /]8qm;÷/]8lqm;]G6sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;ldlt jf cGo o:t} s'g} ;Fu7gsf]<br />
pks/0f, sd{rf/L jf lqmofsnfk xf] egL 9fs5f]k ug] { s'g} klg k|oTg÷pBf]u .<br />
!&= ;+o'Qm cg'udg ;dGjo ;ldltsf] ;xdlt lagf ;}Go an / s'g} l:yltsf] pks/0f jf<br />
b/jGbLsf] kbnfO{ pgLx?sf] cf–cfkm\gf] v6gk6g l:ylt jf b/jGbL aflx/ k'gMkl/rfng ug] { s'g}<br />
klg k|oTg÷pBf]u .<br />
!*= c7f/ aif{ / ;f]eGbf d'lgsf afnaflnsfnfO{ ;z:q jndf k|of]u ug]{ sfo{ .<br />
!(= ;a} cfqmds k|rf/afhL / ;}Go sf/jfxL pS;fpg] sfo{ .<br />
kIfx?n] o; ;Demf}tfdf cGoq lgif]w ul/Psf lqmofsnfkx? klg ug' { x' Fb}g .<br />
329
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
5.2 Permitted activities<br />
The key pr<strong>in</strong>ciple that shall underp<strong>in</strong> permitted activities for both sides shall be <strong>to</strong><br />
alleviate the effects of the armed conflict on civilians and the war-affected areas and<br />
<strong>to</strong> galvanise popular support for peace. Permitted activities for both sides will be<br />
conducted as per the decisions of the <strong>in</strong>terim government. Troop, air movements and<br />
exercises have <strong>to</strong> be properly notified and approved by the Jo<strong>in</strong>t Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Coord<strong>in</strong>ation Committee at least 48-hours <strong>in</strong> advance.<br />
Permitted activities <strong>in</strong>clude<br />
(1) De-m<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g and decommission<strong>in</strong>g of military hazards;<br />
(2) Development activities <strong>to</strong> <strong>in</strong>clude improvement and open<strong>in</strong>g of roads,<br />
rehabilitation of bridges and passages and airstrips accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the decisions<br />
of the <strong>in</strong>terim government;<br />
(3) Humanitarian relief;<br />
(4) Socioeconomic activities such as assist<strong>in</strong>g free movement of people, goods<br />
and services;<br />
(5) Free movement of unarmed soldiers <strong>in</strong> pla<strong>in</strong> civilian clothes who are on<br />
granted leave, medical referrals, or visit<strong>in</strong>g families – no more than 12 percent<br />
of the <strong>to</strong>tal reta<strong>in</strong>ed force at a given can<strong>to</strong>nment or barracks will be on authorised<br />
leave at any given time unless mutually agreed by the parties;<br />
(6) Supply of non-lethal items <strong>to</strong> military units, food, water, medic<strong>in</strong>e, petrol,<br />
oil and lubricants, stationary, uniforms etc; and,<br />
(7) Medical evacuation.<br />
5.3 Violations<br />
The follow<strong>in</strong>g acts shall constitute violations of the agreement<br />
(1) Any act that contravenes this agreement;<br />
(2) Unauthorised troop movements;<br />
(3) Unauthorised recruitment, conscription or mobilisation;<br />
330
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
%=@ ug{ kfOg] lqmofsnfkx?<br />
b'j} kIfn] ug{ kfpg] lqmofsnfkx?df cGtlg{lxt d'Vo l;4fGt ;z:q åGåaf6 u}/–;}lgs JolStx? tyf<br />
o'4af6 k|efljt If]qdf kg] { c;/ lgjf/0f ug'{ / zflGtsf] nflu cfd ;dy{g h'6fpg' xf] . b'j} kIfn] ug{<br />
kfpg] lqmofsnfkx?sf] ;~rfng cGtl/d ;/sf/sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ ul/g]5 . ;}lgs, xjfO{ ultljlw /<br />
cEof;sf] af/]df ljlwjt ;"rgf lbg'kg]{ 5 / To:tf] sfo{ sDtLdf $* 306f cufj} ;+o'Qm cg'udg<br />
;dGjo ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t x'g'kg] {5 .<br />
ug{ kfOg] lqmofsnfkx?df lgDglnlvt lqmofsnfkx? ;d]t ;dfj]z x'g]5g\ M<br />
-!_ af?bL ;'?Ë / ;}Go cj/f]wx? x6fpg],<br />
-@_ cGtl/d ;/sf/sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ ;8s ;'wf/ / v'nf ug]{, k'n, k'n];f tyf xjfO{ d}bfgx?sf]<br />
k'g:yf{kgf ug] { ;d]tsf sfo{x? ;d]l6Psf ljsf; ;DaGwL lqmofsnfkx?,<br />
-#_ dfgjLo p4f/,<br />
-$_ dflg;, dfn;fdfg / ;]jfx?sf] :jtGq cfjfudgdf ;3fp k'¥ofpg] h:tf ;fdflhs, cfly{s<br />
lqmofsnfk,<br />
-%_ labf :jLs[t u/fO{ a;]sf, cf}ifwf]krf/sf] qmddf /x]sf jf kfl/jfl/s e]63f6df /x]sf ;fbf<br />
kf]zfssf xl<strong>to</strong>f/ljxLg ;}lgsx?nfO{ :jtGq ?kdf cfjfudg ug{ lbg] sfo{ . kIfx? cfk;L ?kdf<br />
;xdt ePsf]df afx]s, s'g} klg c:yfoL lzlj/ jf Aof/]sdf /x]sf s'n ;}GodWo] !@ k|ltzteGbf<br />
a9LnfO{ Ps;fy ljbfdf a:g] cg'dlt lbOg] 5}g .<br />
-^_ ;}lgs PsfOx?nfO{ u}/3fts ;fdfgx?, vfgf, kfgL, cf}iflw, k]6«f]n, t]n / n'la|Sof06, z}lIfs<br />
;fdu|L, kf]zfs cflb cfk"lt{ ug]{, /<br />
-&_ pkrf/sf] nflu p4f/ .<br />
%=# pNn‹g<br />
b]xfosf sfo{x?nfO{ o; ;Demf}tfsf] pNn‹g dflgg]5 M<br />
-!_ of] ;Demf}tfsf] pNn‹g ug] { s'g} klg sfo{,<br />
-@_ cglws[t ;}lgs ultljlw,<br />
-#_ cglws[t etL{, af]nfj6 jf kl/rfng,<br />
331
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(4) Unauthorised replenishment of military equipment;<br />
(5) Violation of human rights, humanitarian law or obstruction of freedom of<br />
movement of people, goods and services;<br />
(6) Espionage, sabotage, air surveillance and acts of subversion; and,<br />
(7) Military flights, or military flights utilis<strong>in</strong>g civilian aircraft, over can<strong>to</strong><br />
nment sites without 48-hour notification <strong>to</strong> the parties and the UN mission,<br />
except <strong>in</strong> emergency situations or medical evacuations.<br />
6. The United Nations Mission<br />
Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g of compliance with this agreement will be carried out -<br />
(1) By UN Moni<strong>to</strong>rs; or,<br />
(2) By Jo<strong>in</strong>t Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g Teams, if so decided by the JMCC and <strong>in</strong> keep<strong>in</strong>g<br />
with other provisions of this agreement.<br />
The UN Mission will submit reports <strong>to</strong> the parties on compliance with this agreement.<br />
It will do so either directly or through the JMCC.<br />
6.1 The Jo<strong>in</strong>t Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g Coord<strong>in</strong>ation Committee<br />
The n<strong>in</strong>e-member Jo<strong>in</strong>t Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g Coord<strong>in</strong>ation Committee (JMCC) will have a<br />
chairman appo<strong>in</strong>ted by the UN Mission. There will be two Vice-Chairmen, one each<br />
from the Maoist Army and the NA. The rema<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g six members will be two UN, two<br />
NA and two Maoist army, all as selected by the parties respectively.<br />
The JMCC shall reach its decisions by consensus. In the event of a deadlock, the<br />
representative of the UN Secretary-General shall have f<strong>in</strong>al authority for report<strong>in</strong>g<br />
on the compliance of the parties with this agreement <strong>to</strong> the Secretary-General and <strong>to</strong><br />
the <strong>in</strong>terim government for resolution. The Chairman shall report regularly <strong>to</strong> the<br />
representative of the Secretary-General and <strong>to</strong> the designated representatives of the<br />
parties regard<strong>in</strong>g the activities of the JMCC.<br />
The JMCC shall serve three ma<strong>in</strong> functions<br />
(1) To assist the parties <strong>in</strong> implement<strong>in</strong>g this agreement. The JMCC shall be the<br />
central coord<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g body for moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g arms and armies <strong>in</strong> accordance with<br />
the terms of this agreement and <strong>to</strong> approve, where appropriate those activities<br />
specified <strong>in</strong> Section 5.2.<br />
332
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-$_ ;}lgs pks/0fsf] cglws[t e08f/0f,<br />
-%_ dfgj clwsf/, dfgjtfjfbL sfg"gsf] pNn+3g jf hgtfsf] cfjfudgsf] :jtGqtf, dfn;fdfg<br />
/ ;]jfsf] :jtGq cf];f/k;f/df cj/f]w,<br />
-^_ hf;";L, ljWjF;fTds sfo{, xjfO{ lgu/fgL / ljWj+z (Subversion) sf sfo{x?, /<br />
-&_ ;+s6sfnLg cj:yfdf jf pkrf/sf nflu p4f/ ug'{ k/]sf] ca:yfdf afx]s kIfx?nfO{ /<br />
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]unfO{ $* 306fsf] ;"rgf glbO{ c:yfoL lzlj/x? dfly ul/g] ;}lgs<br />
p8fgx? jf u}/–;}lgs jfo'ofg k|of]u u/L ul/g] ;}lgs p8fgx? .<br />
^= ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]u<br />
of] ;Demf}tfsf] kfngf eP gePsf] s'/fsf] cg'udg<br />
-!_ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo cg'udgstf{x?af6, jf<br />
-@_ ;+o'Qm cg'udg ;dGjo ;ldltaf6 of] ;Demf}tfsf cGo Joj:yfx?nfO{ b[li6ut u/L lg0f{o<br />
ePsf]df ;+o'Qm cg'udg 6f]nLx?af6 x'g]5 .<br />
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgsfon] o; ;Demf}tfsf] kfngfsf ;DaGwdf kIfx?nfO{ k|ltj]bg lbg]5 . To;/L<br />
k|ltj]bg lb+bf o;n] l;w} jf ;+o'Qm cg'udg ;dGjo ;ldlt dfkm{t lbg ;Sg]5 .<br />
^=! ;+o'Qm cg'udg ;dGjo ;ldlt<br />
gf}+ ;b:oLo ;+o'Qm cg'udg ;dGjo ;ldltsf] cWoIfsf] lgo'lSt ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo lgof]uaf6<br />
x'g]5 . dfcf]jfbL ;]gf / g]kfnL ;]gfaf6 Ps Ps hgf u/L b'O{ hgf pkfWoIfx? /xg]5g\ . afFsL<br />
^ hgf ;b:ox?df ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf b'O{ hgf, g]kfnL ;]gfsf b'O{ hgf / dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf b'O{<br />
hgf /xg]5g\ . oL ;a} ;b:ox?sf] 5gf}6 ;DalGwt kIfx?af6 x'g]5 .<br />
;+o'Qm cg'udg ;dGjo ;ldltn] ;j{;Ddltsf] cfwf/df lg0f{o ug]{5 . ult/f]w pTkGg ePsf]<br />
cj:yfdf, kIfx?n] o; ;Demf}tfsf] kfngf u/] gu/]sf] ;DaGwdf dxf;lrj / cGtl/d ;/sf/<br />
;dIf ;f]sf] ;dfwfgsf nflu hfgsf/L÷k|ltj]bg k]z ug] { clwsf/ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf dxf;lrjsf]<br />
k|ltlglwnfO{ x'g]5 . cWoIfn] dxf;lrjsf k|ltlglwnfO{ / kIfx?sf tf]lsPsf k|ltlglwx?nfO{<br />
;+o'Qm cg'udg ;dGjo ;ldltsf lqmofsnfkx?sf] af/]df lgoldt ?kdf k|ltj]bg lbg] 5 .<br />
;+o'Qm cg'udg ;dGjo ;ldltn] tLg j6f d'Vo sfdx? ug] {5 M<br />
-!_ o; ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{Gjog ug{ kIfx?nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ . ;+o'Qm cg'udg ;dGjo ;ldlt o;<br />
;Demf}tfsf zt{x? cg';f/ xftxl<strong>to</strong>f/ / ;]gfsf] cg'udg ug]{ / pko'Qmtf cg';f/ wf/f %=@<br />
adf]lhdsf lqmofsnfkx? :jLs[t ug]{ s]Gb|Lo ;dGjosf/L lgsfo x'g]5 .<br />
333
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(2) To serve as a dispute resolution mechanism. The JMCC shall resolve all<br />
disputes and military or operational difficulties, compla<strong>in</strong>ts, questions or<br />
problems regard<strong>in</strong>g implementation of this agreement.<br />
(3) To assist <strong>in</strong> confidence build<strong>in</strong>g. The JMCC shall work <strong>to</strong> ga<strong>in</strong> the trust and<br />
confidence of the parties and promote the overall goals of this agreement among<br />
the people of <strong>Nepal</strong>.<br />
In order <strong>to</strong> achieve these goals, the JMCC shall operate accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g<br />
basic pr<strong>in</strong>ciples<br />
(1) Resolve all problems and disputes at the lowest level possible, i.e. delegation<br />
of authority <strong>to</strong> the JMTs;<br />
(2) Promote jo<strong>in</strong>t problem-solv<strong>in</strong>g and build trust and confidence through<br />
active efforts <strong>to</strong> appropriately <strong>in</strong>vestigate and report on all <strong>in</strong>cidents of concern<br />
<strong>to</strong> the parties; and,<br />
(3) Build on lessons learned <strong>in</strong> the process.<br />
The Jo<strong>in</strong>t Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g Teams (JMTs) will assist the Jo<strong>in</strong>t Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g Coord<strong>in</strong>ation<br />
Committee at the local level and through site visits. The JMTs will comprise one<br />
<strong>in</strong>ternational moni<strong>to</strong>r as the team leader and one moni<strong>to</strong>r from <strong>Nepal</strong> Army and one<br />
moni<strong>to</strong>r from the Maoist Army. The number of JMTs and their deployment will be<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ed by the chairman of the JMCC <strong>in</strong> consultations with that body.<br />
The tasks of the JMTs will <strong>in</strong>clude<br />
(1) Village and community visits and liaison with the civilian community;<br />
(2) Cooperation with other UN-agencies, and liaison with <strong>in</strong>ternational<br />
organisations and nongovernmental organisations;<br />
(3) Assistance <strong>to</strong> the parties <strong>in</strong> creat<strong>in</strong>g a favourable operational environment<br />
for the conduct of the ceasefire by <strong>in</strong>formation shar<strong>in</strong>g and defus<strong>in</strong>g local<br />
tension;<br />
334<br />
(4) A proactive concept for <strong>in</strong>itiation of conflict management at the local level;<br />
and,
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-@_ ljjfb ;dfwfg ;+oGqsf] ?kdf sfd ug]{ . ;+o'Qm cg'udg ;dGjo ;ldltn] o; ;Demf}tfsf]<br />
sfof{Gjog ;DaGwL ;a} ljjfb / ;}Go jf ;~rfng ;DaGwL sl7gfO{, ph'/L, k|Zg jf ;d:ofx?sf]<br />
;dfwfg ug] {5 .<br />
-#_ ljZjf; lgdf{0f ug] { sfo{df ;xof]u ug] { . ;+o'Qm cg'udg ;dGjo ;ldltn] kIfx?sf] cf:yf /<br />
lj:jf; k|fKt ug]{ / g]kfnL hgtfdfem o; ;Demf}tfsf ;du| nIox? k|j4{g ug]{ p2]Zon] sfd<br />
ug]{5 .<br />
oL nIox? xfl;n ug]{ p2]Zon] ;+o'Qm cg'udg ;dGjo ;ldltn] b]xfosf cfwf/e"t l;4fGtx? cg';f/<br />
sfd ug] {5 M<br />
-!_ ;Dej eP;Ddsf] tNnf] txdf ;a} ;d:of / ljjfbx? ;dfwfg ug]{ cyf{t ;+o'Qm cg'udg<br />
6f]nLx?nfO{ clV<strong>to</strong>f/ k|Tofof]hg ug] { .<br />
-@_ kIfx?sf ;/f]sf/sf ;a} 36gfx?sf ;DaGwdf pko'St cg';Gwfg u/L tT;DaGwdf k|ltj]bg<br />
lbg] ;ls|o k|oTgx? dfkm{t ;+o'Qm ?kdf ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg tyf cf:yf / ljZjf; lgdf{0f ug]{<br />
sfo{nfO{ k|f]T;fxg lbg] .<br />
-#_ o; k|lqmofdf xfl;n ul/Psf kf7x?sf] cfwf/df cl3 a9\g] .<br />
;+o'Qm cg'udg 6f]nLx?n] :yfgLo txdf / :ynut e|d0fsf] dfWodaf6 ;+o'Qm cg'udg ;dGjo ;ldltnfO{<br />
;xof]u ug]{5g\ . Pshgf cGt/f{li6«o cg'udgstf{ ;+o'Qm cg'udg 6f]nLsf] g]tf x'g]5 / g]kfnL ;]gfsf]<br />
Pshgf cg'udgstf{ / dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf] Pshgf cg'udgstf{ 6f]nLsf ;b:o x'g]5g\ . ;+o'Qm cg'udg<br />
6f]nLx?sf] ;+Vof / v6gk6g ;+o'Qm cg'udg ;dGjo ;ldltsf] cWoIfn] ;f] lgsfo;Fu k/fdz{ u/L<br />
lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .<br />
;+o'Qm cg'udg 6f]nLsf sfdx?df lgDglnlvt sfdx? ;d]t ;dfj]z x'g]5g\ M<br />
-!_ ufpF / ;d'bfox?sf] e|d0f ug]{ / gful/s ;d'bfo;Fu ;Dks{ :yflkt ug]{,<br />
-@_ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf cGo lgsfox?;Fusf] ;xof]u / cGt/f{li6«o ;+3;+:yf / u}/–;/sf/L<br />
;+:yfx?;Fu ;Dks{ :yflkt ug] {,<br />
-#_ hfgsf/Lsf] cfbfgk|bfg u/L tyf :yfgLo tgfjnfO{ lgis[o agfO{ o'4lj/fdsf] ;~rfngsf]<br />
nflu cg's'n sfo{jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{ kIfx?nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{,<br />
-$_ :yfgLo txdf åGå Joj:yfkgsf] yfngL ug{sf] nflu ;lqmotfd'vL cjwf/0ff cjnDag ug]{,<br />
/,<br />
335
THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION OF NEPAL, 2063 (2007)<br />
(5) Investigation of compla<strong>in</strong>ts l<strong>in</strong>ked <strong>to</strong> possible alleged violations of the<br />
agreement, reference paragraph 5.1, and <strong>to</strong> recommend measures <strong>to</strong> ensure<br />
compliance.<br />
Jo<strong>in</strong>t Moni<strong>to</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g Teams will not be used for designated weapons s<strong>to</strong>rage <strong>in</strong>spections.<br />
7 Miscellaneous<br />
This agreement can be revised at any time with the consent of both parties. Both<br />
parties agree <strong>to</strong> provide <strong>to</strong> each other prior written <strong>in</strong>formation if they wish <strong>to</strong> make<br />
any change. The amendments can be made <strong>to</strong> the agreement with the consent of both<br />
parties after receiv<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>in</strong>formation. The provisions <strong>to</strong> be made by such an<br />
amendment will not fall below the m<strong>in</strong>imum standards of accepted <strong>in</strong>ternational<br />
human rights and humanitarian laws.<br />
Both parties consent <strong>to</strong> sign any complementary understand<strong>in</strong>gs, as necessary, for<br />
the implementation of the present agreement.<br />
This agreement will be signed by both parties <strong>in</strong> <strong>Nepal</strong>i and English. The United<br />
Nations will witness the English language version of this agreement and, accord<strong>in</strong>gly,<br />
the English-language version of this agreement will be considered as authoritative<br />
<strong>in</strong> matters of dispute.<br />
The spirit of the Comprehensive Peace Accord shall guide the <strong>in</strong>terpretation and<br />
implementation of this agreement by all the parties.<br />
This agreement shall come <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> force upon signature, and it supersedes the agreement<br />
of the same name done on the 28th day of November 2006 (12 Mangsir 2063 BS).<br />
Done <strong>in</strong> Kathmandu, <strong>Nepal</strong> on the 8th day of December 2006 (22 Mangsir 2063 BS)<br />
___________________<br />
Krishna Bahadur Mahara<br />
Coord<strong>in</strong>a<strong>to</strong>r<br />
Negotiat<strong>in</strong>g team<br />
CPN (Maoist)<br />
___________________<br />
Krishna Prasad Sitaula<br />
Coord<strong>in</strong>a<strong>to</strong>r<br />
Negotiat<strong>in</strong>g team<br />
Government of <strong>Nepal</strong><br />
336<br />
Witnessed by<br />
Ian Mart<strong>in</strong><br />
Personal Representative of the Secretary-General<br />
United Nations
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#<br />
-%_ o; ;Demf}tf, ;Gbe{ k|s/0f %=!, sf] ;efljt cf/f]lkt pNn+3g;Fu ;DalGwt ph'/Lx?sf]<br />
cg';Gwfg u/L kl/kfngf ;'lglZrt ug]{ pkfox? l;kmfl/z ug]{ .<br />
tf]lsPsf] xl<strong>to</strong>f/ e08f/0f lg/LIf0f ug{sf nflu ;+o'Qm cg'udg 6f]nLx?nfO{ k|of]u ul/g] 5}g .<br />
&= ljljw<br />
b'j} kIfsf] ;xdltaf6 k|:t't ;Demf}tfdf s'g} klg ;dodf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg]5 . ;+zf]wg ug{ rfx]df<br />
;f]sf] k"j{ lnlvt ;"rgf csf]{ kIfnfO{ k|bfg ug{ b'j} kIf ;xdt 5g\ . To;/L ;"rgf k|fKt ePkl5 b'j}<br />
kIfsf] ;xdltaf6 o; ;Demf}tfnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg]5 . To:tf] ;+zf]wgn] ug]{ Joj:yf dfGotfk|fKt<br />
cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ / dfgjtfjfbL sfg"gsf Go"gtd dfkb08x?eGbf Go"g x'g] 5}g .<br />
b'j} kIf k|:t't ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZostfg';f/ k"/s ;dembf/Lx?df x:tfIf/ ug{ dGh"/<br />
ub{5g\ .<br />
b'j} kIfn] o; ;Demf}tfsf] g]kfnL / c+u|]hL efiffsf k|ltx?df x:tfIf/ ug]{5g\ . ;+o'St /fi6« ;+3sf]<br />
/f]xj/df o; ;Demf}tfsf] c+u|]hL efiffsf] k|ltdf x:tfIf/ ul/g]5, / ;f]xL cg';f/, dtleGgtf pTkGg<br />
ePsf ljifox?df o; ;Demf}tfsf] c|+u|]hL efiffsf] k|ltnfO{ cflwsfl/s dflgg]5 .<br />
;a} kIfx?af6 ul/g] o; ;Demf}tfsf] JofVof / sfof{Gjog lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfsf] dd{af6 lgb]{lzt<br />
x'g]5 .<br />
of] ;Demf}tf x:tfIf/ ePsf] ldltb]lv nfu" xg]5 / o;n] !@ d+l;/ @)^# -@* gf]e]Da/ @))^_ sf lbg<br />
;DkGg o;} gfdsf] ;Demf}tfnfO{ lj:yflkt ug] {5 .<br />
sf7df8f+}, g]kfndf @@ d+l;/ @)^# -* l8;]Da/ @))^_ sf lbg ;DkGg eof] .<br />
––––––––––––––––––––––––– –––––––––––––––––––––<br />
s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f<br />
;+of]hs<br />
jftf{ 6f]nL<br />
g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_<br />
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Oofg dfl6{g<br />
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf dxf;lrjsf k|ltlglw<br />
s[i0f k|;fb l;6f}nf<br />
;+of]hs<br />
jftf{ 6f]nL<br />
g]kfn ;/sf/<br />
337