English - Support to Participatory Constitution Building in Nepal ...
English - Support to Participatory Constitution Building in Nepal ...
English - Support to Participatory Constitution Building in Nepal ...
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II. 5.<br />
extent of no right <strong>to</strong> secede.<br />
2. Prime political rights at both<br />
prov<strong>in</strong>cial level (non-manda<strong>to</strong>ry)<br />
and au<strong>to</strong>nomous area level<br />
(manda<strong>to</strong>ry).<br />
3. Referendum <strong>in</strong> case prov<strong>in</strong>cial<br />
legislature’s decision (by twothirds<br />
majority) <strong>to</strong> revise the name<br />
and terri<strong>to</strong>ry of prov<strong>in</strong>ce is not<br />
approved (by two-thirds majority)<br />
by the central legislature. The<br />
same provision is provided for<br />
creation of a new prov<strong>in</strong>ce or the<br />
merger of two and more prov<strong>in</strong>ces<br />
<strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> a s<strong>in</strong>gle prov<strong>in</strong>ce.<br />
4. Special structures – Au<strong>to</strong>nomous<br />
Regions, Special Areas and<br />
Protected Areas – under<br />
jurisdiction of prov<strong>in</strong>cial laws.<br />
Provision for decentralized local<br />
government<br />
Committee for the Form of Legislature<br />
decided: 70% of the seats would be<br />
elected on the basis of MMC elec<strong>to</strong>ral<br />
system with provision of <strong>in</strong>clusive and<br />
proportional representation of different<br />
social groups. For the rema<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g 30%<br />
of the seats, a list PR system ensur<strong>in</strong>g<br />
election of those communities that are<br />
left out by direct election.<br />
Committee for the Form of<br />
Government decided: Executive<br />
Committee of the local government is<br />
constituted by: 5-7 members <strong>in</strong> Village<br />
Committee; 5-9 members <strong>in</strong> Municipal<br />
Committee; and 5-11 members <strong>in</strong><br />
Metropolitan Committee. Direct<br />
election of Chair and Vice-Chair of the<br />
local government but nom<strong>in</strong>ation of<br />
members of the executive committee<br />
of local government on the basis<br />
of parties’ seats and strength <strong>in</strong><br />
legislative body of local government.<br />
II. 6.<br />
Provision is made for special<br />
structure for t<strong>in</strong>y m<strong>in</strong>orities<br />
A. Au<strong>to</strong>nomous areas for t<strong>in</strong>y<br />
m<strong>in</strong>orities liv<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> a geographical<br />
area (22 ethnic au<strong>to</strong>nomous areas<br />
identified).<br />
B. Protected areas for most<br />
marg<strong>in</strong>alized and vulnerable<br />
groups.<br />
C. Special areas for most backward areas.<br />
Political/adm<strong>in</strong>istrative structure and<br />
functions of these special areas are yet <strong>to</strong><br />
be designed. Jurisdiction of au<strong>to</strong>nomous<br />
area is 20 items, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g (1) exploration<br />
and management of m<strong>in</strong>eral resources,<br />
(2) language, culture, script and religion,<br />
(3) harness<strong>in</strong>g and utilization of natural<br />
resources, and (4) cus<strong>to</strong>mary courts –<br />
which are not listed under jurisdiction of<br />
local government.<br />
An elected body of an au<strong>to</strong>nomous area<br />
has rights related <strong>to</strong> executive, legislative<br />
and judiciary <strong>to</strong> the extent that they<br />
should not contradict the prov<strong>in</strong>cial law.<br />
II. 7. Some po<strong>in</strong>ts that need <strong>to</strong> be<br />
considered are:<br />
1. Absence of provision of m<strong>in</strong>ority<br />
rights at prov<strong>in</strong>cial level.<br />
2. Inclusive and proportional<br />
representation and quotas for<br />
women and Dalits (3% and 5%<br />
more than the size of the Dalit<br />
population at the federal and<br />
prov<strong>in</strong>cial levels respectively), and<br />
their special rights.<br />
3. A system of sub-provisions for<br />
large prov<strong>in</strong>ces, like Mithila-<br />
Bhojpura-Koch Madhesh and<br />
Lumb<strong>in</strong>i-Abadh-Tharuwan.<br />
4. Fram<strong>in</strong>g of local units, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Au<strong>to</strong>nomous or Special or<br />
Protected Areas as one political/<br />
elec<strong>to</strong>ral/developmental and<br />
Proposed Tamuwan Prov<strong>in</strong>ce Report 5