Introduction to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals
Introduction to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals Introduction to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals
A JOINT ENDOCRINE SOCIETY–IPEN INITIATIVE TO RAISE GLOBAL AWARENESS ABOUT ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS Founded in 1916, the Endocrine Society is the world’s oldest, largest, and most active organization devoted to research on hormones and the clinical practice of endocrinology. The Endocrine Society’s membership consists of over 18,000 scientists, physicians, educators, nurses, and students in more than 100 countries. Society members represent all basic, applied and clinical interests in endocrinology. Included among the Society’s members are the world’s leading experts on the health effects of EDCs. Endocrine Society members have been at the forefront of scientific advancements in the field of EDCs since it was first recognized that exogenous chemicals can have effects on endocrine systems. The Society held its first public meeting on EDCs in conjunction with its Annual Meeting in San Francisco in 2005. The Society’s landmark 2009 Scientific Statement on EDCs was the first comprehensive review of the EDC literature, and it represented the first public statement on the issue from a major mainstream international medical society. IPEN is a leading global network of 700 non-governmental organizations (NGOs) working in more than 100 developing countries and countries with economies in transition. IPEN works to establish and implement safe chemicals policies and practices to protect human health and the environment. It does this by building the capacity of its member organizations to implement on-the-ground activities, learn from each other’s work, and work at the international level to set priorities and achieve new policies. Its mission is a toxicsfree future for all. IPEN has been engaged in the SAICM process since 2003, and its global network helped to develop the SAICM international policy framework. At its founding, in 1998, IPEN focused on advancing the development and implementation of the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Today, its mission also includes promoting safe chemicals management through the SAICM process (where it holds the public interest organization seat on the SAICM Bureau), halting the spread of toxic metals, and building a movement for a toxics-free future. ii
AUTHORS On behalf of the Endocrine Society, the following individuals led the development of the scientific content of this document. Lead Author: Andrea C. Gore, PhD, The University of Texas at Austin David Crews, PhD, The University of Texas at Austin Loretta L. Doan, PhD, Endocrine Society Michele La Merrill, PhD, MPH, University of California at Davis Heather Patisaul, PhD, North Carolina State University Ami Zota, ScD, MS, George Washington University ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Endocrine Society and IPEN would like to acknowledge the contributions made to this document by the IPEN Resource Team led by Meriel Watts, PhD, Olga Speranskaya, PhD, and Joseph DiGangi, PhD. In addition, IPEN acknowledges the following individuals for their input in the development of this document: Tadesse Amera, Björn Beeler, Fernando Bejarano, Alexandra Caterbow, Jayakumar Chelaton, Semia Gharbi, Mariann Lloyd-Smith, Gwynne Lyons, Pam Miller, Baskut Tuncak and many others. IPEN would like to acknowledge that this document was produced with financial contributions from the Swedish public development co-operation aid through the Swedish Society for Nature Conservation (SSNC). The views herein shall not necessarily be taken to reflect the official opinion of any of these donors, including SSNC or its donors. iii
- Page 1: INTRODUCTION TO ENDOCRINE DISRUPTIN
- Page 5: CONTENTS Authors...................
- Page 8 and 9: umbilical cord blood, and body tiss
- Page 10 and 11: 1. MAJOR HEALTH AND SCIENCE INSTITU
- Page 12 and 13: China, Czech Republic, Mexico, Sout
- Page 14 and 15: ehavioral response, or other respon
- Page 16 and 17: II. WHAT ARE EDCs, HOW ARE THEY USE
- Page 18 and 19: TABLE 3. EXAMPLES OF EDC ROUTES OF
- Page 20 and 21: 3. IMPACTS OF EDCs I. HISTORICAL PE
- Page 22 and 23: II. EDC EXPOSURES TO THE INDIVIDUAL
- Page 24 and 25: In many ways, the present debate ab
- Page 26 and 27: eprogramming key parts of the endoc
- Page 28 and 29: carbons (PAHs), dioxins, fibers and
- Page 30 and 31: 4. RECENT ADVANCES IN THE SCIENCE O
- Page 32 and 33: ats) using acute exposures to a sin
- Page 34 and 35: HAD)” (Box 1). This field is well
- Page 36 and 37: BOX 2: SUMMARY OF GAPS BETWEEN MODE
- Page 38 and 39: 5. EXPOSURE OF HUMANS TO EDCs EDCs
- Page 40 and 41: BOX 3: HUMAN HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF
- Page 42 and 43: illegal agricultural use may still
- Page 44 and 45: These environmental sources of DDTs
- Page 46 and 47: ii. Chlorpyrifos Where it is used O
- Page 48 and 49: chlorpyrifos transforms to metaboli
- Page 50 and 51: Negative Endocrine Health Outcome:
AUTHORS<br />
On behalf of the <strong>Endocrine</strong> Society, the following individuals led the development<br />
of the scientific content of this document.<br />
Lead Author:<br />
Andrea C. Gore, PhD, The University of Texas at Austin<br />
David Crews, PhD, The University of Texas at Austin<br />
Loretta L. Doan, PhD, <strong>Endocrine</strong> Society<br />
Michele La Merrill, PhD, MPH, University of California at Davis<br />
Heather Patisaul, PhD, North Carolina State University<br />
Ami Zota, ScD, MS, George Washing<strong>to</strong>n University<br />
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS<br />
The <strong>Endocrine</strong> Society and IPEN would like <strong>to</strong> acknowledge the contributions<br />
made <strong>to</strong> this document by the IPEN Resource Team led by Meriel Watts, PhD,<br />
Olga Speranskaya, PhD, and Joseph DiGangi, PhD. In addition, IPEN acknowledges<br />
the following individuals for their input in the development of this document:<br />
Tadesse Amera, Björn Beeler, Fernando Bejarano, Alexandra Caterbow,<br />
Jayakumar Chela<strong>to</strong>n, Semia Gharbi, Mariann Lloyd-Smith, Gwynne Lyons, Pam<br />
Miller, Baskut Tuncak and many others.<br />
IPEN would like <strong>to</strong> acknowledge that this document was produced with financial<br />
contributions from the Swedish public development co-operation aid through<br />
the Swedish Society for Nature Conservation (SSNC). The views herein shall not<br />
necessarily be taken <strong>to</strong> reflect the official opinion of any of these donors, including<br />
SSNC or its donors.<br />
iii
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