Population Ageing and the Well-Being of Older Persons in Thailand ...
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Population Ageing and the Well-Being of Older Persons in Thailand ...

Population Ageing and the Well-Being of Older Persons in Thailand ... Population Ageing and the Well-Being of Older Persons in Thailand ...

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15.02.2015 Views

Section 5: Family support and intergenerational exchanges 48

Section 5: Family support and intergenerational exchanges Material support can flow in either direction. Results in Table 5.6 provide information on intergenerational material exchanges between parents and children during the year prior to the 2007 survey. Exchanges of money are shown separately for co-resident and non co-resident children. In each case, results are limited to parents who have at least one child of the relevant type. Since members of the same household typically share meals and amenities, exchanges within the same household, particularly with respect to food and goods, are difficult to interpret. For this reason, the 2007 survey asked only about exchanges of food and goods in relation to non co-resident children. In addition questions about food and goods ask only about receipt from children by older persons and not provision to children. A substantial majority of parents co-residing with children received money during the year from children in the household and almost two-thirds received at least 1000 baht in total. Receipt of larger amounts are considerably less common with just over a third receiving at least a total of 5000 baht and only a fifth at least 10,000 baht from a co-resident child. Older parents are somewhat more likely to receive money from co-resident children although there is little difference with respect to age in the receipt of relatively large amounts. Elderly mothers are more likely than fathers to receive money from co-resident children. There is little difference between urban and rural elderly parents in terms of receiving at least modest amounts of money from co-resident children but urban parents are more likely to receive larger amounts. Receipt of money from non co-resident children is somewhat more common than from co-resident children. This is especially true with respect to larger amounts. In some cases, however, the financial support provided to parents by non co-resident children may be in part or in total to cover expenses for the remitter’s children who live with the grandparents and thus not necessarily contribute to the older age parents’ own welfare. 20 There is little difference with respect to receipt of money from non co-resident children between parents in their sixties and those 70 and older. Differences by gender and urban-rural residence are at most only modest. Elderly women are a little more likely than men to receive remittances while the direction of the small differences between urban and rural elderly depend on the amounts being considered. The flow of money from parents to children within the household is far less common. Overall only modestly more than one in ten co-resident older persons gave money to co-resident children during the past year. Co-resident parents in their sixties compared to those who are older as well as men compared to women were more likely to give money to their co-resident children. There is little difference between urban and rural elderly in this respect except that urban parents are somewhat more likely than rural parents to give large amounts. For none of the categories shown, however, was providing money to co-resident children very common. The survey question referred to exchanges of money within the past year and thus presumably primarily intended for routine every day use. A recent study found that while older age parents rarely give routine monetary support to their adult children, it is not unusual for parents to occasionally provide substantial assistance when special circumstances arise (Knodel et al. 2007). Receipt of food from non co-resident children at least occasionally is very common with almost fourfifths of elderly overall indicating they receive some food during the past year. In many cases however this is provided during occasional visits and is more of symbolic value than meaningful material support. At the same time over a third reported at least weekly provision of food and close to one fifth received food on a daily or almost daily basis. Receipt of food, especially on a regular basis, is associated with increased age of parents and is modestly more common among elderly women than men and among rural than urban residents. 49

Section 5: Family support <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>tergenerational exchanges<br />

48

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