Ancient Near Eastern Art: The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, v ...
Ancient Near Eastern Art: The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, v ...
Ancient Near Eastern Art: The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, v ...
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
Some <strong>of</strong> the most elaborate representations<br />
<strong>of</strong> females in the art <strong>of</strong> the ancient<br />
<strong>Near</strong> East are images <strong>of</strong> divine and cult<br />
figures whose association with certain<br />
aspects <strong>of</strong> life made them essential to the<br />
welfare <strong>of</strong> mankind. Fertility, procreation,<br />
the growth <strong>of</strong> crops and livestock, and<br />
such natural phenomena as thunderstorms<br />
and rain were among the basic<br />
concepts identified with female divinities<br />
by ancient peoples. Representations <strong>of</strong><br />
nude females in clay, stone, and metal<br />
are the simplest and most obvious expression<br />
<strong>of</strong> these concepts, and such figures<br />
appeared throughout antiquity in many<br />
regions and periods. A striking example<br />
in clay from northwestern Iran (fig. 25) is<br />
hollow and probably served as a cult<br />
vessel as well as a sacred image. <strong>The</strong><br />
exaggerated width <strong>of</strong> the pelvis may be<br />
intended to emphasize the role <strong>of</strong> women<br />
as childbearers.<br />
One <strong>of</strong> the most important Mesopotamian<br />
goddesses was Ishtar, a divinity<br />
who combined in her nature aspects <strong>of</strong><br />
both love and war. She is frequently represented<br />
on cylinder seals (fig. 27) with<br />
25<br />
24