barcelona . spain - European Association for the Study of the Liver

BARCELONA . SPAIN
114 POSTGRADUATE COURSE SYLLABUS ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE 115
APRIL 18 - 19/2012 THE INTERNATIONAL LIVER CONGRESS TM 2012
Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) (a neurotrophin involved in the development and survival of neurons and in
modulating the activity of neurotransmitter systems) was associated with a higher risk and earlier occurrence
of relapse among patients treated for alcohol dependence (16). Future research should therefore involve
multiple assessment points prior to the time of relapse which should help to identify potential mediators by
which genetics can impact vulnerability to relapse.
In conclusion, it is necessary to achieve a precise and uncontroversial definition of alcoholic disease,
particularly in the context of acute alcoholic hepatitis. One ethical standpoint might be to promote debate
between neuroscientists, hepatologists, addictologists, philosophers and sociologists in order to establish
rules for government policies in a context of organ shortages (17). At the same time, these findings will help
to develop new targets for preventive and interventional treatment resources for these particular individuals
at specific risk time points.
Mathurin P, Moreno C, Samuel D, Dumortier J, Salleron J, Durand F, Castel H, et al.
Early liver transplantation for severe alcoholic hepatitis. N Engl J Med;365:1790-1800.
Leshner AI. Addiction is a brain disease, and it matters. Science 1997;278:45-47.
van der Zwaluw CS, Engels RC. Gene-environment interactions and alcohol use and
dependence: current status and future challenges. Addiction 2009;104:907-914.
Wojnar M, Brower KJ, Strobbe S, Ilgen M, Matsumoto H, Nowosad I, Sliwerska E, et al.
Association between Val66Met brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphism
and post-treatment relapse in alcohol dependence. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2009;33:693-702.
Perring C. Bridging the Gap between Philosophers of Mind and Brain Researchers:
The Example of Addiction. Mens Sana Monogr;9:193-201.
REFERENCES
Burra P, Senzolo M, Adam R, Delvart V, Karam V, Germani G, Neuberger J.
Liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease in Europe: a study from the ELTR
(European Liver Transplant Registry). Am J Transplant;10:138-148.
Hartl J, Scherer MN, Loss M, Schnitzbauer A, Farkas S, Baier L, Szecsey A, et al.
Strong predictors for alcohol recidivism after liver transplantation: non-acceptance of the
alcohol problem and abstinence of <3 months. Scand J Gastroenterol;46:1257-1266.
Lucey MR, Mathurin P, Morgan TR. Alcoholic hepatitis. N Engl J Med 2009;360:2758-2769.
Louvet A, Naveau S, Abdelnour M, Ramond MJ, Diaz E, Fartoux L, Dharancy S, et al.
The Lille model: a new tool for therapeutic strategy in patients with severe alcoholic hepatiti
treated with steroids. Hepatology 2007;45:1348-1354.
Poynard T, Naveau S, Doffoel M, Boudjema K, Vanlemmens C, Mantion G, Messner M,
et al. Evaluation of efficacy of liver transplantation in alcoholic cirrhosis using matched and
simulated controls: 5-year survival. Multi-centre group. J Hepatol 1999;30:1130-1137.
Lucey MR, Brown KA, Everson GT, Fung JJ, Gish R, Keeffe EB, Kneteman NM, et al.
Minimal criteria for placement of adults on the liver transplant waiting list: a report of a
national conference organized by the American Society of Transplant Physicians and the
American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Liver Transpl Surg 1997;3:628-637.
DiMartini A, Day N, Dew MA, Javed L, Fitzgerald MG, Jain A, Fung JJ, et al. Alcohol
consumption patterns and predictors of use following liver transplantation for alcoholic liver
disease. Liver Transpl 2006;12:813-820.
Pageaux GP, Bismuth M, Perney P, Costes V, Jaber S, Possoz P, Fabre JM, et al. Alcohol
relapse after liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease: does it matter
J Hepatol 2003;38:629-634.
Pfitzmann R, Schwenzer J, Rayes N, Seehofer D, Neuhaus R, Nussler NC. Long-term
survival and predictors of relapse after orthotopic liver transplantation for alcoholic liver
disease. Liver Transpl 2007;13:197-205.
DiMartini A, Dew MA, Chaiffetz D, Fitzgerald MG, Devera ME, Fontes P. Early trajectories
of depressive symptoms after liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease predicts
long-term survival. Am J Transplant;11:1287-1295.
Tome S, Martinez-Rey C, Gonzalez-Quintela A, Gude F, Brage A, Otero E, Abdulkader I,
et al. Influence of superimposed alcoholic hepatitis on the outcome of liver transplantation for
end-stage alcoholic liver disease. J Hepatol 2002;36:793-798.
Wells JT, Said A, Agni R, Tome S, Hughes S, Dureja P, Lucey MR. The impact of acute
alcoholic hepatitis in the explanted recipient liver on outcome after liver transplantation.
Liver Transpl 2007;13:1728-1735.