CORDIO Status Report 2008.pdf

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fishers and exploited (Kimani, in prep; Robinson et al., 2004; Robinson et al., 2007; Samoilys et al., 2006). Since Tanzanian fishers are aware that S. sutor spawns in transient aggregations, it is possible that aggregation fishing contributes to the large catches reported for this family in Tanzania (Fig. 2). Independent long-term monitoring since 1998 in Tanga, Tanzania, has shown a 5-6 fold decline in herbivore densities since 2003 which is attributed to the trap fishery that targets siganids (Samoilys et al., in press a, b). In the Msambweni area of Kenya, four well known S. sutor spawning sites have been targeted by local fishers for generations, with anecdotal evidence indicating that the present day patriarch fishers began fishing the aggregations in the 1960s. Large catches of S. sutor, often close to 1 tonne, have been landed by ring-net fishers during a single fishing event (Fig. 3). While these catch data were recorded at the neighbouring landing site of Gazi, fishers ostensibly fished in Msambweni waters and are known to target the four prominent spawning sites located there 271
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! ! ! COASTAL OCEANS RESEARCH AND D
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COASTAL OCEANS RESEARCH AND DEVELOP
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' (")*$)*+' Foreword PART 1 - Regio
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The Lallie Didham Coral and Shell C
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! ! "#$%&#!'()(*+!$,-./(!0112! ! 3)
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,$)'-$.#+'/0*$#'12$.345)6'7'8"95)6'
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=">*4'/+5.'7'=>.#@' ' JERKER TAMELA
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emains patchy (Arthur 2008). Althou
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egions facing multiple stresses tha
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eports were identified as a crucial
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Climate Change Fourth Assessment Re
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Tamelander, J. and Hoon, V. (2008).
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)&..)'=$.'7'=>.#@' ' HANSA CHANSANG
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(Narumon 2008.) has compiled socioe
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(C:(HD=BC:'/:
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F.+*'/0#53.'.)&'B+2.)&+'7'=>.#@' '
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egions. Initially stopped in 1996 t
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!"#"$%&'(&)'*#+&,--(%&./&"0-&!$*./&
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8#F+-& HG& C*-/$;!($-$%(!6-$*@2,)*(
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coral cover over time (Fig. 3). Two
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Lee F. and Chou L. M. (1998). The A
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!9=&!:9!&70
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+1@75356=/1039=A
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*1E
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than 2m had been killed in Dutch Ba
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event and 2004 tsunami. In: Souter,
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!"#$%&'()*(+,,*(+,-$&,.(+,')/0%,( 1
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defence against waves provided by t
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=$L-,( H6!C+$*!($%0+3;&3-.%6!D$.$+*
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=$L-,(PI!*+3.$!%;$03$%!3($.&313$(!3
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H 2 S concentration in husk pit wat
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district alone, 90% of them being w
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of reefs remain healthy to support
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patterns of coral larval settlement
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'!!" !"#$"%&'$()"# &!" %!" $!" 5*61
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*(#+,'-,"+$./%0 #JI!! !.*%/-4+'-23-
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patterns of recruitment. Unraveling
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@5$*-&A!"#$%"&'"()*"+,-'"&'"#$..$/"
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fishing intensity can be observed.
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0D8E:;!& )'*#+&!"#"$%& Surveys were
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*+,-./*01 2+,3415 ! "# #! $# %!! &
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located very close to the mainland,
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Mahadevan S. and Nayar K.N., (1972)
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Acropora valida (Dana, 1846) * Acro
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Porites complanata Porites nodifera
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Oscillation (ENSO) event (Sheppard
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# * + ! !!"#$%&'$()*+,#-)./#0*1*0*%
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92:5.;2-7.5
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)*+.$6"F*'"& There is a general pau
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herbicides in coastal waters of the
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D4#"-&BC&>(0%#@+3%&#$'++A%)9$,0+/$-
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:#+4-&B=$!8+-%#0$"(F%-(-$7'(&&%,%7(
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i. ii. iv. iii. vi. vii. v. viii. x
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genus was Montipora (50% of live co
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seas of the Seychelles Bank in the
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!"#$%&'!()&*+',()-.'/"0")"1'' 2344+
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=(K%+'@A!8%-$'$:)!.#/!#)6.'$:)!.-;)
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their efforts were futile because f
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M=>C34.=IC10.17.I1>H3 X3346H3.7;P06
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the situation for the following gen
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estimated to be more than 5000 km (
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'A752#0!@#;H2)!%&!&%H+!)/12)!*%5L M
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8$F%(&I@&O22&!&/)-!M/%5#))!#1!5#+/0
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1,2342, 5,6
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8$F%(&LE!:H55#+N!%&!+22&!&/)-!%M)2+
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Comparison of coral reef criteria m
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McClanahan, T.R. and Shafir, S.H. (
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eing used to establish fish movemen
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eing more resilient as they are nom
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112
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communities on reefs subsequently e
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C$8,&'MN'"#$$%&'!&()#*+)!,-!.(/+012
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C$8,&'
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120
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(Davidson et al., 2006). It is boun
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D4%*(+IE+L2.%+,$;"%$))&*'03+!" asso
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D4%*(+L!"J26*2)$6"5)&2%"&'"*+,"4&.,
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Island, Mozambique, Marine Ecologic
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=23G#(*BC!"#$!%&'()&*+(&,-!,.!/,)01
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4%H-(*FC*&'#!)$/,)%&-3!($2710($!.,)
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larval source reefs, which could be
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4%H-(* JP* "#$!2,%&.&$%!H$$.!*$-(#,
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temporal Variation in Seawater Temp
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-(A.%$*BC!"#$!%&!'()!*)+'),-!.-/0#-
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8&F#$*EC!I%,#=!+$)20)+!/0C),+0'6!&%
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intercepts. The island and Kenya si
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148
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150
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4+>'/2%"!!#$%!&'()*+,!&-./01!&*20&!
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)! (! '! &! %! $! #! "! ! *+,-./012
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napoleon wrasse, is required to des
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@(;=' In response to worldwide degr
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transects, and at each 0.5 m interv
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A,,B*B31-*C397)11*.D6*-)E#5 #$!! #!
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dependency on fishing in these area
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Babcock, R.C. Kelly, S. Shears, N.T
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172
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1#:7.&M>!25,*)5%(!0%%@!()*)=%!,'!H,
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1) showed an average coral cover 32
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around 40%. Reefs in this area are
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184
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4 and 11 o S (Fig. 1). Forty-one is
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coral reefs in the Indian Ocean in
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C-A+3#' NE' ").(#+*.#0!1#R#-)>!#V!.
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the Seychelles, containing 7 of the
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,-.% '(-( 7*.3-38* H9(3:8 1/9/00* )
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ut minor elsewhere. These damages,
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198
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200
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5678947.:5( ,"#&!' +"#&!' *"#&!' )"
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proportion of the total coral are a
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212
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appeared to be males, releasing a c
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D&'E,+(M"!0Q(%%*-+2!$-.!4)$B-*-+!95
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:#4I+(LA!!>;(!%*,*-+!9( The 17 Acro
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Page 267 and 268: In conclusion, protection level and
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Page 275 and 276: Although different zooxanthellae de
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Page 281 and 282: !&='#$(@.#$
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Page 285 and 286: esilience of coral reef sites to cl
Page 287 and 288: RESILIENCE FACTORS & INDICATORS a)
Page 289 and 290: c) Cooling and flushing factors Cur
Page 291 and 292: e) Shading and screening factors Co
Page 293 and 294: g) Coral associates Obligate feeder
Page 295 and 296: i) Anthropogenic factors Nutrient i
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Page 299 and 300: Payet, 2005), problems in the regio
Page 301 and 302: where these species are important c
Page 303 and 304: hundreds to tens of thousands (Smit
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Page 309 and 310: De Young, C., (ed.) Review of the S
Page 311 and 312: Samoilys, M. A., Wells, S., Anderso
Page 313 and 314: the entire coral reef ecosystem is
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Page 321 and 322: informal discussion with key inform
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Page 333 and 334: M U L S K @ J T > M 8$-$!$/+E$-!
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Page 339 and 340: of only 13 species groups. It is no
Page 341 and 342: total collapse. Thus CPUE trends ov
Page 343 and 344: Arthur R, (2008). Patterns of benth
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Page 347 and 348: 8()K$%*BL!7,,8#/!#,5!2)#2%,#/!'0),5
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Page 351 and 352: 8()K$%*DL!!9)0I),'#4)!I%$%2+'+%,!%&
Page 353 and 354: the higher diversity reported here.
Page 355 and 356: Obura, D. (2001a). Participatory mo
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*&E,2)F!"#$%&$'("()*+",%)-"$'".&)"%
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-$(502)O!"I)12+.$'("@".2">A!" them
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showed declines in numbers of fishe
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*&E,2)P!"O%.$9*.)"23".2.*7"',9
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the lagoons are more exposed to oce
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e 5,890 fishers and 4,164 tonnes/yr
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!""#""$#%&'()'*+",#-)(./'0-12%+32&+
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D2G.#' KL' 32&+" 34=" 3'.-4>2+" -,"
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344
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=63
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1. The Map Layers Window lists all
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detail for expert users. The issues
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352
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356
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gradually transformed from marine h
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8=4BC)!D!)!9B)ED=F-B8)) G#H/+*)IJ)!
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do not have qualifications to apply
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is around 5,000 baht (U$ 125), or 2
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='L(*)IJ)N"7,'4%$'%,427,)*+$,&-$%27
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training and workshops for small gr
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370
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Box 1: Principles for Identifying O
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-Needs a systematic approach that r
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!(E)#$HI$!"#$%&'(')*+,'-.%/%01')&/2
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Box 3: Key Stages in Supporting Liv
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contributed to their successes and
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$ $ 9&J$QK$B-.#',3(-.0-;$+(>3&',$3"
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6$S&'P0-;$C/@$6=='&(>"$ The SLED ap
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386
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growing populations that utilize th
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particularly valuable resources sup
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successful because the products hav
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396
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et al., 2007). Many conservation pr
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8$GB)&HI&7$/1/"+/$+1,%"(/%)/1",1/"0
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C(/"1)&KI&V*.-")1,
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Aquatic protected areas as fisherie
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82.*%(BC!"!#$%!&'()*+,'-!&'-$*.&$/!
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408
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78.*%(
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much fewer households compared to f
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Malleret-King D, King A, Manghubhai
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evening respectively) during dry se
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'71.&# QP!)'#!$1!90%:'!6$',(!,-$.+%
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#;= #;< #;$ !;> !;= !;< !;$ # ! ##$
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2($&.#L(37$/# Conversion of wetland
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that nitrogen was well utilized in
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Boyd, C. E. (1990). Water quality i
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432
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434
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(*/&"'!"#$%"&%'%()*+%,-")."-%/0$1,2
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80% of the participants rating all
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obtained during our surveys of the
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In Kenya, the primary school curric
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A pre-seminar questionnaire is used
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446
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Sarah Ater CORDIO East Africa 9 Kib
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Andriamalala Gildas Blue Ventures M
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Alke Kruger Oceanographic Research
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William Nyaga CORDIO East Africa 9
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Nitiya Sangkhanan Environmental Sci
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