CORDIO Status Report 2008.pdf

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i. iii iiii iv. v. vii viii viiii ix. x. xi. @2A$*-&P=$N0+G%&%+)('$-%#0$:$F0#(A*+8)$+,$"(F%-(-$7+G#0(9#$%)$-"#$./%0()-#$B&'()*&P$%=$.,0%7()$I()A&4$ %%=$.'1"+)&#4$%%%=$>(0%#@+3%&#4$%G=$I+3*#3&#4$G=$I%Q+3-%#0$R$5-=$S0()T+%&4$G%=$C#&)+#3,&4$G%%=$CU.00+&$R$ 5-=$V+&#1"4$G%%%=$W-+%'#4$%H=$L#/%0#4$H=$5()*$J(64$H%=$N+%G0#=$ 77
genus was Montipora (50% of live coral cover). On the west side of the atoll, Porites accounted for 55%, 65% and 39% of the live coral community at 15 m, 10 m and 5 m respectively. On the east side of the atoll, Porites accounted for 49%, 57% and 63% of the live coral community at 15 m, 10 m and 5 m respectively. Pocillopora accounted for 11% of the coral community at 15 m depth on the west side and 30% of the coral community at 15 m depth on the east side. No Pocillopora was recorded at shallower survey sites on the west side of the atoll, but Pocillopora accounted for 19% and 14% of the live coral community at 10 m and 5 m respectively on the east side. )#%2&E#552,A& Little variation was apparent within the defined classes and the output maps from the 2005 survey had an average thematic producer’s accuracy of 75.7% for first tier habitats (Congalton, 1991). Overall, the maps provided a clear representation of the heterogeneity apparent in the raw imagery (Fig. 3).< Seagrass (Plate 4) was the most well-represented habitat class, encompassing low and medium density communities, as well as various macroalgal species. Fore-reef slope material, reef flat sand and lagoon sand coverage was also considerable. Alphonse had the highest number of tier 1 habitat classes, with Bijoutier and St. François and D’Arros and St. Joseph also supporting a wide range of habitats. Conversely, Sand Cay, Remire and Etoile supported lower numbers of habitat classes, with a dominance of fore-reef slope material, seagrass and high density seagrass respectively (Fig. 4). Of the islands mapped, 7 were vegetated, primarily with coconut woodland or a mixture of trees and shrubs; three of these vegetated islands, Marie-Louise, Boudeuse and Desnoeufs were situated upon an intertidal and shallow subtidal rock pavement. The maps remain provisional at the present time, being subject to validation by experts in the Seychelles. It is the intention that final versions of the maps will be available in an electronic format in due course. 78 >;!)!!;=
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! ! ! COASTAL OCEANS RESEARCH AND D
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COASTAL OCEANS RESEARCH AND DEVELOP
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' (")*$)*+' Foreword PART 1 - Regio
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The Lallie Didham Coral and Shell C
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! ! "#$%&#!'()(*+!$,-./(!0112! ! 3)
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,$)'-$.#+'/0*$#'12$.345)6'7'8"95)6'
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=">*4'/+5.'7'=>.#@' ' JERKER TAMELA
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emains patchy (Arthur 2008). Althou
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egions facing multiple stresses tha
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eports were identified as a crucial
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Climate Change Fourth Assessment Re
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Tamelander, J. and Hoon, V. (2008).
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)&..)'=$.'7'=>.#@' ' HANSA CHANSANG
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(Narumon 2008.) has compiled socioe
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(C:(HD=BC:'/:
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F.+*'/0#53.'.)&'B+2.)&+'7'=>.#@' '
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egions. Initially stopped in 1996 t
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!"#"$%&'(&)'*#+&,--(%&./&"0-&!$*./&
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8#F+-& HG& C*-/$;!($-$%(!6-$*@2,)*(
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coral cover over time (Fig. 3). Two
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Lee F. and Chou L. M. (1998). The A
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!9=&!:9!&70
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+1@75356=/1039=A
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*1E
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than 2m had been killed in Dutch Ba
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event and 2004 tsunami. In: Souter,
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!"#$%&'()*(+,,*(+,-$&,.(+,')/0%,( 1
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defence against waves provided by t
Page 62 and 63: =$L-,( H6!C+$*!($%0+3;&3-.%6!D$.$+*
Page 64 and 65: =$L-,(PI!*+3.$!%;$03$%!3($.&313$(!3
Page 66 and 67: H 2 S concentration in husk pit wat
Page 68 and 69: district alone, 90% of them being w
Page 70 and 71: of reefs remain healthy to support
Page 72: patterns of coral larval settlement
Page 75 and 76: '!!" !"#$"%&'$()"# &!" %!" $!" 5*61
Page 77 and 78: *(#+,'-,"+$./%0 #JI!! !.*%/-4+'-23-
Page 79 and 80: patterns of recruitment. Unraveling
Page 81 and 82: @5$*-&A!"#$%"&'"()*"+,-'"&'"#$..$/"
Page 83 and 84: fishing intensity can be observed.
Page 85 and 86: 0D8E:;!& )'*#+&!"#"$%& Surveys were
Page 87 and 88: *+,-./*01 2+,3415 ! "# #! $# %!! &
Page 89 and 90: located very close to the mainland,
Page 91 and 92: Mahadevan S. and Nayar K.N., (1972)
Page 93 and 94: Acropora valida (Dana, 1846) * Acro
Page 95 and 96: Porites complanata Porites nodifera
Page 97 and 98: Oscillation (ENSO) event (Sheppard
Page 99 and 100: # * + ! !!"#$%&'$()*+,#-)./#0*1*0*%
Page 101 and 102: 92:5.;2-7.5
Page 103 and 104: )*+.$6"F*'"& There is a general pau
Page 105 and 106: herbicides in coastal waters of the
Page 107 and 108: D4#"-&BC&>(0%#@+3%&#$'++A%)9$,0+/$-
Page 109 and 110: :#+4-&B=$!8+-%#0$"(F%-(-$7'(&&%,%7(
Page 111: i. ii. iv. iii. vi. vii. v. viii. x
Page 115 and 116: seas of the Seychelles Bank in the
Page 118 and 119: !"#$%&'!()&*+',()-.'/"0")"1'' 2344+
Page 120 and 121: =(K%+'@A!8%-$'$:)!.#/!#)6.'$:)!.-;)
Page 122 and 123: their efforts were futile because f
Page 124 and 125: M=>C34.=IC10.17.I1>H3 X3346H3.7;P06
Page 126: the situation for the following gen
Page 129 and 130: estimated to be more than 5000 km (
Page 131 and 132: 'A752#0!@#;H2)!%&!&%H+!)/12)!*%5L M
Page 133 and 134: 8$F%(&I@&O22&!&/)-!M/%5#))!#1!5#+/0
Page 135 and 136: 1,2342, 5,6
Page 137 and 138: 8$F%(&LE!:H55#+N!%&!+22&!&/)-!%M)2+
Page 139 and 140: Comparison of coral reef criteria m
Page 141 and 142: McClanahan, T.R. and Shafir, S.H. (
Page 143 and 144: eing used to establish fish movemen
Page 145 and 146: eing more resilient as they are nom
Page 147 and 148: 112
Page 149 and 150: communities on reefs subsequently e
Page 151 and 152: C$8,&'MN'"#$$%&'!&()#*+)!,-!.(/+012
Page 153 and 154: C$8,&'
Page 155 and 156: 120
Page 157 and 158: (Davidson et al., 2006). It is boun
Page 159 and 160: D4%*(+IE+L2.%+,$;"%$))&*'03+!" asso
Page 161 and 162: D4%*(+L!"J26*2)$6"5)&2%"&'"*+,"4&.,
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Island, Mozambique, Marine Ecologic
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=23G#(*BC!"#$!%&'()&*+(&,-!,.!/,)01
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4%H-(*FC*&'#!)$/,)%&-3!($2710($!.,)
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larval source reefs, which could be
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4%H-(* JP* "#$!2,%&.&$%!H$$.!*$-(#,
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temporal Variation in Seawater Temp
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-(A.%$*BC!"#$!%&!'()!*)+'),-!.-/0#-
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8&F#$*EC!I%,#=!+$)20)+!/0C),+0'6!&%
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8&F#$*GC*Q#2'%,+!2%-',085'0-4!'%!'(
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intercepts. The island and Kenya si
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148
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150
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4+>'/2%"!!#$%!&'()*+,!&-./01!&*20&!
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)! (! '! &! %! $! #! "! ! *+,-./012
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!""#$#%&'$(%)*+&&$,-./$'+ 01 2 !""#
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&)M02% G"! #0$+! $B-+5$+40! >+("'$
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napoleon wrasse, is required to des
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@(;=' In response to worldwide degr
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transects, and at each 0.5 m interv
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A,,B*B31-*C397)11*.D6*-)E#5 #$!! #!
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dependency on fishing in these area
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Babcock, R.C. Kelly, S. Shears, N.T
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172
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1#:7.&B"!8,5%2!:$%0%!/%'5$,-!)22%22
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@3A$*.& HI& F%'5$,-!-.6%0!)5!254(7!
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1#:7.&M>!25,*)5%(!0%%@!()*)=%!,'!H,
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1) showed an average coral cover 32
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around 40%. Reefs in this area are
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184
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4 and 11 o S (Fig. 1). Forty-one is
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coral reefs in the Indian Ocean in
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C-A+3#' NE' ").(#+*.#0!1#R#-)>!#V!.
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the Seychelles, containing 7 of the
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,-.% '(-( 7*.3-38* H9(3:8 1/9/00* )
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ut minor elsewhere. These damages,
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198
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200
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.61#$@!"#$%"&'"()*+,"(-).(!" Howeve
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$ 3%8=B!8$ >.61#$ EF""/0.1$2."34()$
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.61#$OF""Q.1H.5)$2."&'"H&1$>"$1.$"H
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5678947.:5( ,"#&!' +"#&!' *"#&!' )"
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proportion of the total coral are a
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212
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appeared to be males, releasing a c
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D&'E,+(M"!0Q(%%*-+2!$-.!4)$B-*-+!95
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:#4I+(LA!!>;(!%*,*-+!9( The 17 Acro
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8O5B@P2B>:!( ( This study was suppo
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222
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critical for the survival of a cora
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%@3.+' HB' !62+3$+0."(1"7.072*-&"%.
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%@3.+'K5""P(#%(&*-*(+"(1"7.072*-&"%
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'()*+,-)(. /-)(..012+(.3(2++ 4(,)-(
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In conclusion, protection level and
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234
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"#23,% AB!"#$%$&'#(!"%))*(#+&%$!,$#
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:-02.(* ;
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Although different zooxanthellae de
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H(6I'$"/!""!"#$%$#&"#$%&%""'()*"+,-
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244
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!&='#$(@.#$
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248
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esilience of coral reef sites to cl
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RESILIENCE FACTORS & INDICATORS a)
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c) Cooling and flushing factors Cur
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e) Shading and screening factors Co
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g) Coral associates Obligate feeder
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i) Anthropogenic factors Nutrient i
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262
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Payet, 2005), problems in the regio
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where these species are important c
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hundreds to tens of thousands (Smit
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@+I
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(+&& ()&& BE21A$M9!N42$58N7 (&&& /&
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De Young, C., (ed.) Review of the S
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Samoilys, M. A., Wells, S., Anderso
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the entire coral reef ecosystem is
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Thailand provided some evidence of
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282
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284
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informal discussion with key inform
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10 days, while higher operating eff
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more reef-associated fishes than us
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292
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(2A&#$ B"!#$%!&'!()$**+!+,-$./!$./!
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!*H,#$BI$B11'!'+,0"!:&9$-!.$61,!$./
Page 333 and 334:
M U L S K @ J T > M 8$-$!$/+E$-!
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M"L M"K M"J M"> M "L "K "J "> M >
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!*H,#$MI$R1$3!,1-19*+F+*E"!X%19+1,!
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of only 13 species groups. It is no
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total collapse. Thus CPUE trends ov
Page 343 and 344:
Arthur R, (2008). Patterns of benth
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8()K$%*L!"#$!%&!'()!*+#,+-.(#/)!0))
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8()K$%*BL!7,,8#/!#,5!2)#2%,#/!'0),5
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H&V3%* B6! .#'I(! $)0&%0#,I)! %&! &
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8()K$%*DL!!9)0I),'#4)!I%$%2+'+%,!%&
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the higher diversity reported here.
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Obura, D. (2001a). Participatory mo
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*&E,2)F!"#$%&$'("()*+",%)-"$'".&)"%
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-$(502)O!"I)12+.$'("@".2">A!" them
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showed declines in numbers of fishe
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*&E,2)P!"O%.$9*.)"23".2.*7"',9
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the lagoons are more exposed to oce
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e 5,890 fishers and 4,164 tonnes/yr
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!""#""$#%&'()'*+",#-)(./'0-12%+32&+
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D2G.#' KL' 32&+" 34=" 3'.-4>2+" -,"
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D2G.#'N5"G.-01"2&2$&.+:)1",&&"+(.0'
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!"#$"%$&'()"*+'*,( ") "' "% "# "! )
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344
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=63
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1. The Map Layers Window lists all
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detail for expert users. The issues
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352
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!"#$%&%!"'$(%)*+,+"#-.% /'0%1'+#2"%
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356
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gradually transformed from marine h
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8=4BC)!D!)!9B)ED=F-B8)) G#H/+*)IJ)!
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do not have qualifications to apply
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is around 5,000 baht (U$ 125), or 2
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='L(*)IJ)N"7,'4%$'%,427,)*+$,&-$%27
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training and workshops for small gr
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370
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Box 1: Principles for Identifying O
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-Needs a systematic approach that r
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!(E)#$HI$!"#$%&'(')*+,'-.%/%01')&/2
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Box 3: Key Stages in Supporting Liv
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contributed to their successes and
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$ $ 9&J$QK$B-.#',3(-.0-;$+(>3&',$3"
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6$S&'P0-;$C/@$6=='&(>"$ The SLED ap
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386
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growing populations that utilize th
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particularly valuable resources sup
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@/A6+#$IC!!.&'*#/01*21$3!2#3!#4!3%&
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successful because the products hav
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396
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et al., 2007). Many conservation pr
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8$GB)&HI&7$/1/"+/$+1,%"(/%)/1",1/"0
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C(/"1)&KI&V*.-")1,
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Aquatic protected areas as fisherie
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82.*%(BC!"!#$%!&'()*+,'-!&'-$*.&$/!
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408
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78.*%(
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I+J)4,' KL' !"#$ %&$ '()$ *+,%,-%./
Page 449 and 450:
#5&,'ML'I+4)0+(%%-$"7'+4+'+)5$1)7%1
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much fewer households compared to f
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Malleret-King D, King A, Manghubhai
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evening respectively) during dry se
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'71.&# QP!)'#!$1!90%:'!6$',(!,-$.+%
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#;= #;< #;$ !;> !;= !;< !;$ # ! ##$
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2($&.#L(37$/# Conversion of wetland
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that nitrogen was well utilized in
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Boyd, C. E. (1990). Water quality i
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432
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434
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(*/&"'!"#$%"&%'%()*+%,-")."-%/0$1,2
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80% of the participants rating all
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obtained during our surveys of the
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In Kenya, the primary school curric
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A pre-seminar questionnaire is used
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446
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Sarah Ater CORDIO East Africa 9 Kib
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Andriamalala Gildas Blue Ventures M
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Alke Kruger Oceanographic Research
Page 489 and 490:
William Nyaga CORDIO East Africa 9
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Nitiya Sangkhanan Environmental Sci
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